'\" t
.\" Don't change the line above. it tells man that tbl is needed.
.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\" $Id: ip.7,v 1.17 2001/04/04 08:02:18 ysato Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Mon 6 Dec 1999 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated Wed 14 Feb 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Wed  4 Apr 2001 by Yuichi SATO <ysato@h4.dion.ne.jp> 
.\"
.\"WORD		ancillary message	å
.\"WORD		... oriented		ظ
.\"WORD		capability		
.\"WORD		payload			ڥ
.\"WORD		drop(ped)	(ѥåȤ) Ȥ(ưξ) 夷ʤ
.\"WORD		tap			å()
.\"
.TH IP  7 2001-06-19 "Linux Man Page" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
ip \- Linux IPv4 ץȥμ
.SH 
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.B #include <netinet/in.h>
.sp
.IB tcp_socket " = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);"
.br 
.IB raw_socket " = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, " protocol ");"
.br
.IB udp_socket " = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, " protocol ");"
.SH 
.\" XXX: has someone verified that 2.1 is really 1812 compliant?
Linux  RFC791  RFC1122 ǵҤƤ
Internet Protocol, version 4 Ƥ롣
.B ip
ˤ RFC1112 ˽򤷤 level 2 ޥ㥹ȤμޤޤƤ롣
ޤѥåȥե륿ǽޤ IP 롼Ƥ롣 
.PP
ץޤؤΥ󥿡ե BSD åȤȸߴǤ롣
åȤ˴ؤܺ٤ʾ
.BR socket (7)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.PP
IP åȤ
.BR socket (2)
ؿ
.B "socket(PF_INET, socket_type, protocol)"
Τ褦˥뤹뤳Ȥ롣
Ǥ륽åȥפ 3 Ĥꡢ
.BR tcp (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤
.BR SOCK_STREAM 
.BR udp (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤
.BR SOCK_DGRAM 
IP ץȥľܥ뤿
.BR raw (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤ˤ
.B SOCK_RAW
Ǥ롣
.I protocol
 IP إå˽񤫤 IP ץȥǤ롣
Ǥͤϡ
TCP åȤˤ
.BR 0 " ޤ " IPPROTO_TCP 
UDP åȤˤ
.BR 0 " ޤ " IPPROTO_UDP
˸¤롣
.B SOCK_RAW
ФƤϡ RFC1700 Ƥͭ IANA IP ץȥ
ƤƤֹǻꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.\" XXX ip current does an autobind in listen, but I'm not sure if that should
.\" be documented.
ץǡäƤѥåȤ
³׵ꤷˤϡ
Υץϥʥ󥿡եɥ쥹ˡ
.BR bind (2)
ѤƥåȤХɤʤФʤʤ
ʡ֥ɥ쥹ȥݡȡפΥڥФƥХɤǤ
IP åȤϰĤ˸¤롣
bind θƤӽФ
.B INADDR_ANY
ꤵƤϡåȤϥʥ󥿡ե
\fI٤\fP˥Хɤ롣
.BR listen (2)
ޤ
.BR connect (2)
ХɤƤʤåȤǥ뤵ȡ
ΥåȤϼưŪ˥ʥɥ쥹
.B INADDR_ANY
˥åȤƤݡȤǥХɤ롣

.B SO_REUSEADDR
ե饰åȤƤʤˤϡ
ХɤƤ TCP 륽åȥɥ쥹
줿夷Ф餯δֻȤʤʤ롣
Υե饰 TCP ο㲼Τǡ
ȤȤˤդɬפǤ롣

.SH ɥ쥹Υեޥå
IP åȥɥ쥹 IP 󥿡եɥ쥹
ݡֹȤ߹碌롣
IP ץȥ뤽ΤΤϥݡֹ򰷤ʤ
ݡֹϡ
.BR udp (7)

.BR tcp (7)
Τ褦ʡ̤ΥץȥǼƤ롣
raw åȤǤϡ
.B sin_port
 IP ץȥ˥åȤ롣
.PP
.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 19n 31n
struct sockaddr_in {
	sa_family_t	sin_family;	/* address family: AF_INET */
	u_int16_t	sin_port;	/* port in network byte order */
	struct in_addr  sin_addr;	/* internet address */
};

/* Internet address. */
struct in_addr {
	u_int32_t	s_addr;	/* address in network byte order */
};
.ta
.fi
.RE
.PP
.I sin_familiy
ˤϾ
.B AF_INET
򥻥åȤ롣ɬܤǤ롣 Linux 2.2 ǤϡΥåȤ˺
ۤȤɤΥͥåȥؿ
.B EINVAL
֤褦ˤʤäƤ롣
.I sin_port
ˤϥݡֹͥåȥХȥǻꤹ롣
1024 ʲΥݡֹ\fIøݡ\fPȤФ롣
¸桼 ID  0 Υץ
.B CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
¤äƤץǤʤСΥݡȤˤ
.BR bind (2)
Ǥʤ IPv4 ץȥ뤽ΤΤˤϥݡȤ˴ؤ복ǰʤ
餬ƤΤϡ
.BR tcp (7)

.BR udp (7)
Ȥä̤ΥץȥˤƤǤ롣
.PP
.I sin_addr
 IP ۥȥɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.B struct in_addr

.I addr
ФˤϡۥȤΥ󥿡եɥ쥹
ͥåȥХȥǻꤹ롣
.B in_addr
ؤΥˤϡ饤֥ؿ
.BR inet_aton (3),
.BR inet_addr (3),
.BR inet_makeaddr (3)
Ѥ뤫뤤ľܤ̾赡
(name resolver) Ѥ뤫Τߤˤ٤Ǥ
.RB ( gethostbyname (3)
򸫤) IPv4 ɥ쥹ˤϡ˥㥹ȥɥ쥹
֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹롣
˥㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡۥȤΰĤΥɥ쥹ꤹ롣
֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡͥåȥƤΥۥȤꤹ롣
ޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˽°
ƤΥۥȤꤹ롣֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ؤΥǡϡ
.B SO_BROADCAST
åȥե饰åȤƤʤǤʤ
ߤμǤϡ³ظΥåȤˤϥ˥㥹ȥɥ쥹Ȥʤ
.\" Leave a loophole for XTP @)

ɥ쥹ȥݡȤϾ˥ͥåȥХȥǵϿ뤳Ȥդ衣
ʤݡȤꤹͤˤ
.BR htons (3)
ɬפȤʤ롣ɸ饤֥ˤ륢ɥ쥹/ݡؿϡ
٤ƥͥåȥХȥư롣

üʥɥ쥹Ĥ¸ߤ:
.B INADDR_LOOPBACK
(127.0.0.1)
 loopback ǥХ̤ƾ˥ʥۥȤ򻲾Ȥ롣
.B INADDR_ANY
(0.0.0.0)
 ХɤѤǤդΥɥ쥹
.B INADDR_BROADCAST
(255.255.255.255)
 ǤդΥۥȡŪͳ顢Хɤκݤˤ
.B INADDR_ANY
Ʊ̤ˤʤ롣
.SH åȥץ
IP ˤϥץȥͭΥåȥץ󤬤Ĥ¸ߤ
.BR setsockopt (2)
꤬
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǼǤ롣 IP Υåȥץ٥
.B SOL_IP
Ǥ롣֡ͤΥե饰Ǥϡ 0 ϵʳϿ̣롣
.TP
.B IP_OPTIONS
ΥåȤѥåƤտ魯 IP ץ
ꡦ롣ץ¸ƤХåեؤΥݥ󥿤
ץĹȤ˼롣
.BR setsockopt (2)
ƤӽФȡåȤ˴ϢŤ IP ץǤ롣
IPv4 ˤ륪ץΥκͤ 40 ХȤǤ롣
Ѥ뤳ȤΤǤ륪ץˤĤƤ RFC791 ߤ衣
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФ³׵ѥåȤ IP ץ󤬴ޤޤƤȡ
롼ƥ󥰥إåդᤵƤѥåȤ
IP ץƱץ󤬥åȤ롣³Ω줿塢
äƤѥåȤΥץѹ뤳ȤϤǤʤ
ǥեȤǤ incoming source routing ץϤѹǤʤ
.B accept_source_route
sysctl ѤФǽˤǤ롣¾ timestamps ʤɤ
ץϰȤǤ롣ǡॽåȤǤϡ
IP ץϥ桼Ǥʤ
.BR getsockopt (2)

.I IP_OPTIONS
ĤƸƤ֤ȡѤƤ IP ץ
ͿХåե˼Ǥ롣
.TP
.B IP_PKTINFO
.I IP_PKTINFO
åϤˤѥåȤ˴ؤ󶡤
.B pktinfo
¤ΤޤޤƤ롣
ǡظΥåȤǤưʤ
 IP_PKTINFO å̲ᤵ뤫ɤ򥽥åȤ
Τ餻ե饰Ǥ롣
åȤ
.BR recvmsg (2)
ޤ
.BR sendmsg (2)
ѤѥåȤåȤƤΤǤ롣

.IP
.RS
.ta 4n 19n 33n
.nf
struct in_pktinfo {
	unsigned int	ipi_ifindex; 	/* Interface index */
	struct in_addr	ipi_spec_dst;	/* Local address */
	struct in_addr	ipi_addr;	/* Header Destination address */
};
.fi
.RE
.IP
.\" XXX elaborate on that.
.B ipi_ifindex
ϥѥåȤ줿󥿡եΡ¾ȽŤʤʤǥåǤ롣
.B ipi_spec_dst
ϥѥåȤΥ륢ɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.B ipi_addr
ϥѥåȥإåˤԤ襢ɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.I IP_PKTINFO

.BR sendmsg (2)
ϤȡظѥåȤ
.B ipi_ifindex
ǻꤵ줿󥿡ե̤
.B ipi_spec_dst
˥åȤ줿Ԥ襢ɥ쥹롣
.TP
.B IP_RECVTOS
ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.I IP_TOS
åѥåȤȶϤ롣
ˤϥѥåȥإå Service/Precedence
եɤΥפꤹХȥǡޤޤƤ롣
֡ͤΥե饰Ȥ롣
.TP
.B IP_RECVTTL
Υե饰åȤƤȡ
.I IP_RECVTTL
ȥåѥåȤ
time-to-live եɤΥХȥǡȤȤϤ롣
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.TP
.B IP_RECVOPTS
夷Ƥ IP ץ
.I IP_OPTION
ȥåƥ桼Ϥ
롼ƥ󥰥إåȤ¾ΥץȤϡ
ۥȤФƤϤ餫ᵭƤ롣
.I SOCK_STREAM
åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.TP
.B IP_RETOPTS
.I IP_RECVOPTS
̤Υץ
 hop Ǥϵʤ timestamp 쥳ɤ route 쥳ɤȤȤ֤
.\"NAKANO ̣...(^^;
.TP
.B IP_TOS
ΥåȤ뤹٤Ƥ IP ѥåȤŬѤ
Type-Of-Service (TOS) եɤꡦ롣
ϥͥåȥǤΥѥåȤͥ٤뤿Ѥ롣
TOS ϥХȥǡǤ롣ɸ TOS ե饰ĤƤ롣
.B IPTOS_LOWDELAY 
ϥ󥿥饯ƥ֤ʥȥեåٱǾˤ롣
.B IPTOS_THROUGHPUT
ϥ롼ץåȤˤ롣
.B IPTOS_RELIABILITY
Ͽǹˤ롣
.B IPTOS_MINCOST
ž®٤٤Ƥ⤫ޤʤȤ֥ǡͤפΤѤ롣
Τ 1 ĤޤǤǤ롣
¾ΥӥåȤ̵ǡꥢ롣
.\"NAKANO äƤ롩
Linux ϥǥեȤǤ
.B IPTOS_LOWDELAY
ǡǽ롣
Τʿ񤤤ϥ塼˰¸롣
.\" XXX elaborate on this 
⤤ͥ٤ˤˤϼ¸桼 ID  0 Ǥ뤫
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
¤ɬפȤʤ뤫⤷ʤ
ͥ٤
.RB ( SOL_SOCKET ", " SO_PRIORITY )
åȥץѤС
ץȥ˰¸ʤǤǤ
.RB ( socket (7)
򸫤)
.TP  
.B IP_TTL
time-to-live եɤͤޤϼ롣
ͤϤΥåȤ뤹٤ƤΥѥåȤѤ롣
.TP
.B IP_HDRINCL
ͭˤʤäƤȡ桼 IP إå桼ǡͿ롣
.B SOCK_RAW
åȤǤΤͭǤ롣ܺ٤
.BR raw (7)
򸫤衣Υե饰ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.IR IP_OPTIONS ,
.IR IP_TTL ,
.I IP_TOS
̵뤵롣
.TP
.BR IP_RECVERR " (<linux/errqueue.h> Ƥ)"
顼åμϤˡι⤤ĥ줿ˡͭˤ롣
ǡॽåȤФͭˤʤäƤȡ
ȯ顼ƥåȤȤΥ顼塼¸롣
桼ϥå饨顼äȤ
.BR recvmsg (2)

.B MSG_ERRQUEUE
ե饰ȤȤ˸Ƥ٤ФΥ顼Ǥ롣
Υ顼򵭽Ҥ
.B sock_extended_err
¤Τ
.IR IP_RECVERR 
٥
.BR SOL_IP
åȤϤ롣
³ָǤʤåȤǿι⤤顼Ԥ
ͭѤǤ롣顼塼μǡե饰Ȥˤ
顼ѥåȤޤޤ롣
.\"NAKANO portion ե饰ȤäƸääƤΤ
.IP
.I IP_RECVERR
åˤ
.B sock_extended_err
¤Τޤޤ:
.IP
.RS
.ne 18
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 32n
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_NONE	0
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL	1
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP	2
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP6	3

struct sock_extended_err {
	u_int32_t	ee_errno;	/* error number */
	u_int8_t	ee_origin;	/* where the error originated */ 
	u_int8_t	ee_type;	/* type */
	u_int8_t	ee_code;	/* code */
	u_int8_t	ee_pad;
	u_int32_t	ee_info;	/* additional information */
	u_int32_t	ee_data;	/* other data */  
	/* More data may follow */ 
};

struct sockaddr *SO_EE_OFFENDER(struct sock_extended_err *);
.ta
.fi
.RE
.IP
.B ee_errno
ˤϥ塼äƤ륨顼 errno ֹ椬롣
¾Υեɤϥץȥ¸Ǥ롣
.B SO_EE_OFFENDER
ޥͿ줿åؤΥݥ󥿤
顼ȯͥåȥ֥ȤΥɥ쥹ؤΥݥ󥿤֤
ɥ쥹ʾ硢
.B sockaddr
¤Τ
.I sa_family
եɤ
.B AF_UNSPEC
Ȥʤꡢ
¾ΥեɤȤʤ롣
.IP
IP ϰʲΤ褦
.B sock_extended_err
¤ΤѤ:
.I ee_origin
ϡ
顼 ICMP ѥåȤȤƼ줿ˤ
.B SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP
˥åȤ졢ǵäˤ
.B SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL
˥åȤ롣
̵ͤ뤵롣
.I ee_type

.I ee_code
 ICMP إå type եɤ code եɤͤ˥åȤ롣
.I ee_info
ˤ
.B EMSGSIZE
顼Ф discover 줿 MTU 롣
åˤϥ顼Ρɤ
.I sockaddr_in
¤Τޤޤ롣
ˤ
.B SO_EE_OFFENDER
ޥȤäƥǤ롣
ξ硢
SO_EE_OFFENDER ɥ쥹
.I sin_family
եɤ
.I AF_UNSPEC
Ȥʤ롣
顼ͥåȥǵˤϡ
åȤͭˤʤäƤ٤Ƥ IP ץ
.RI ( IP_OPTIONS ", " IP_TTL
ʤ) ȥ顼ѥåȤ˴ޤޤƤ٤Ƥ IP ץȤ
åȤϤ롣
顼򵯤ѥåȤΥڥ (payload) 
̤ΥڥɤȤ֤롣
.\" XXX: is it a good idea to document that? It is a dubious feature.
.\" .B SOCK_STREAM
.\" åȤǤϡ
.\" .I IP_RECVERR
.\" Ϥۤʤ̣ġΥॢȤޤǥǡݻΤǤʤ
.\" äƤ顼Ƥ˥桼Ϥ롣ϡ
.\" ®ʥ顼ɬפȤʤ褦ʡü˼̿û
.\" TCP ³ФͭѤǤ롣ΥץդѤ뤳ȡ
.\" ϩѤäꡢ¾̾ξФơŬڤʲԲǽȤʤꡢ
.\" TCP ο㤯ƤޤޤץȥλͤȿƤޤ
TCP ˤϥ顼塼ʤȤդƤۤ
.B MSG_ERRQUEUE

.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФƤϻȤʤäƥåȴؿ֤륨顼
٤
.B SO_ERROR
ˤʤ롣
.IP
raw åȤФ
.I IP_RECVERR
ꤹȡ٤Ƥ ICMP 顼򥢥ץꥱ
Ϥ褦ˤʤ롣ꤷʤȡ
³ѤߤΥåȤФ륨顼𤹤롣
.IP
Υץϥ֡ͤΥե饰ꡦ롣
.I IP_RECVERR
ϥǥեȤǤϥդˤʤäƤ롣
.TP
.B IP_PMTU_DISCOVER
åȤ Path MTU Discovery 򥻥åȡ롣
ͭˤʤäƤȡ Linux ϤΥåȤФ
RFC1191 Ƥ Path MTU Discovery Ԥ
ȯǡˤϡơ֥ե饰Եġץե饰åȤ롣
ƥΤФǥեȤϡ
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФƤ
.B ip_no_pmtu_disc
sysctl ԤȤˤäǽ
¾ˤĤƤ̵ȤʤäƤ롣
.B SOCK_STREAM
ǤʤåȤФƤϡ
桼ǡ MTU Υβ˥ѥåȲꡢ
ɬפʾˤϺꤷʤФʤʤ
Υե饰åȤƤȡ
ͥϴΤ path MTU 礭ʥѥåȤݤ
.RB ( EMSGSIZE
Ȥʤ)

.TS
tab(:);
c l
l l.
Path MTU discovery ե饰:̣
IP_PMTUDISC_WANT:롼ȤȤѤ롣
IP_PMTUDISC_DONT:Path MTU Discovery Ԥʤ
IP_PMTUDISC_DO: Path MTU Discovery Ԥ
.TE   

path MTU discovery ͭˤʤäƤȡͥϹԤۥȤȤ
ưŪ path MTU 롣
.BR connect (2)
³ˤϡ
.B IP_MTU
åȥץѤСΤ path MTU μǤ
(Ȥ
.B EMSGSIZE
顼ʤ)ϻ֤ȤȤѲ뤫⤷ʤ
Ԥ褬󤢤륳ͥ쥹ʥåȤǤϡ
Ϳ줿ԤФ뿷 MTU ˤ⡢
顼塼Ѥƥ뤳ȤǤ
.RB ( IP_RECVERR
򸫤)
MTU 夹뤴Ȥˡʥ顼塼󥰤롣

MTU discovery οʹˤϡǡॽåȤνѥåȤ
夷ʤ⤷ʤ UDP Ѥ륢ץꥱǤϡ
ΤȤ򵤤ˤƤ
ѥåȤκ르ꥺˤʬ٤Ǥ롣

³ƤʤåȤФ
path MTU discovery ץΩ夲ˤϡ
礭ʥǡॵ ( 64K إåХĹ) Ϥơ
path MTU ޤǥ̤ƤȤǽǤ롣
.\" XXX this is an ugly hack

path MTU ͤޤѤäƤߤˤϡԤ襢ɥ쥹
.BR connect (2)
ȤäƥǡॽåȤ³
.BR getsockopt (2)

.B IP_MTU
ץȤȤ˸Ƥӡ MTU 뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B IP_MTU
åȤΡΤ path MTU 롣
åȤ³ƤΤͭǤ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǤΤ߻Ȥ롣
.\"
.TP
.B IP_ROUTER_ALERT
եɤ٤ѥåȤ IP Router Alert ץĤ
ΥåȤϤ
raw åȤФƤΤͭǤ롣ϤȤХ桼֤
RSVP ǡФǤ롣åפ줿ѥåȤ
ͥˤäƤϥեɤʤΤǡΤ
桼ǤȤʤ롣åȤΥХɤ̵뤵졢
Τ褦ʥѥåȤϥץȥˤäƤΤߥե륿󥰤롣
ͤΥե饰롣
.\"NAKANO Socket binding... ʸ̣狼
.\"
.TP
.B IP_MULTICAST_TTL
ΥåȤȯޥ㥹ȥѥåȤ
time-to-live ͤꡦ롣
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤФƤϡǤ
TTL ꤹ뤳ȤȤƤפǤ롣ǥեȤ 1 ǡ
桼ץबŪ׵ᤷʤ¤
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤϥʥͥåȥФʤȤˤʤ롣
롣
.\"
.TP
.B IP_MULTICAST_LOOP
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤʥåȤ˥롼ץХå뤫ɤ
֡ͤꡦ롣
.\"
.TP
.B IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˻ä롣

.B struct ip_mreqn
¤ΤǤ롣
.PP
.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 19n 34n
struct ip_mreqn {
	struct in_addr	imr_multiaddr;	/* IP multicast group address */
	struct in_addr	imr_address;	/* IP address of local interface */
	int	imr_ifindex;	/* interface index */
};
.fi
.RE
.IP
.I imr_multiaddr
ˤϡץꥱ󤬻äޤűष
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פΥɥ쥹롣
ͭʥޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ǤʤФʤʤ
.I imr_address
ϥƥबޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˻äݤѤ
ʥ󥿡եΥɥ쥹Ǥ롣
줬
.B INADDR_ANY
ǤäˤϡŬڤʥ󥿡եƥˤä򤵤롣
.I imr_ifindex

.I imr_multiaddr
롼פ˻/űह륤󥿡ե interface index Ǥ롣
ɤΥ󥿡եǤ褤 0 ˤ롣
.IP
ߴΤᡢŤ
.B ip_mreq
¤ΤޤݡȤƤ롣
.B ip_mreqn
Ȥΰ㤤ϡ
.I imr_ifindex
եɤޤޤʤȤǤ롣
.BR setsockopt (2)
ǤΤ߻Ȥ롣
.\"
.TP
.B IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פȴ롣
.I IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ʊͤ
.B ip_mreqn
ޤ
.B ip\mreq
¤ΤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.B IP_MULTICAST_IF
ǥХޥ㥹ȥåȤȤꤹ롣
.I IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ʊͤ
.B ip_mreqn
ޤ
.B ip\mreq
¤ΤǤ롣
.IP
ʥåȥץϤȡ
.B ENOPROTOOPT
֤롣
.SH SYSCTL
IP ץȥǤϡĤΥХ륪ץ
sysctl ̤ꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣
 sysctl ˥ˤϡ
.B proc/sys/net/ipv4/*
եɤ߽񤭤ˡȡ󥿡եФ
.BR sysctl (2)
Ѥˡ롣
.\"
.TP
.B ip_default_ttl 
ФѥåȤ time-to-live ͤΥǥեȤ򥻥åȤ롣

.I IP_TTL
ץѤСѥåȤȤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.B ip_forward
IP forwarding ͭˤ뤫ɤΥ֡ͥե饰
IP forwarding 뤫ɤϥ󥿡եȤˤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.B ip_dynaddr
ưŪåȥɥ쥹ȡ󥿡եɥ쥹ѹ줿ݤ
ޥ졼ɥȥκƽ񤭹ߤͭˤ롣
륢åץ󥿡եǡ
IP ɥ쥹ѹǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.B ip_autoconfig
ޤҤƤʤ
.\"
.TP
.B ip_local_port_range
åȤ˳ƤƤǥեȤΥݡȤϰϤ
ĤͿ롣Ƥ 1 ܤֹ椫Ϥޤꡢ 2 ܤֹǽ롣
ϥޥ졼ɤѤƤݡȤȽŤʤäƤϤʤʤ
(ξ갷뤬)
եΥѥåȥե륿Υݡȡ
ˤĤƲ餫β򤷤Ƥˤϡ
ֹ򾡼˷Ƥޤ꤬뤫⤷ʤ
1 ܤֹϾʤȤ 1024 礭٤Ǥ롣
ɤȤݡȤȤξͤ򤱤ꡢե
򤷤С 4096 礭ۤɤ
.\"
.TP
.B ip_no_pmtu_disc
ͭˤʤäƤȡǥեȤ TCP åȤФ
Path MTU Discoverty Ԥʤ Path MTU Discovery 
ե뤬ꤵƤʤä
(ICMP ѥåȤƥɥåפ)
ꤵƤʤ󥿡ե
(point-to-point 󥯤 MTU פƤʤʤ)
ϩˤȼԤƤޤ
Path MTU Discovery 򥰥Х̵ˤϡ
Ƥ롼ľۤɤ
Path MTU Discovery ̵ˤȥͥåȥΥȤ
礭ʤäƤޤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.B ipfrag_high_thresh, ipfrag_low_thresh 
塼󥰤Ƥ IP ե饰Ȥ̤
.B ipfrag_high_thresh
ãȡ塼Ƥ
.B ipfrag_low_thresh
ˤޤڤΤƤ롣줾礭
Хñ̤ɽͤäƤ롣
.TP
.B ip_always_defrag
[2.2.13 ǿо졣ΥСΥͥǤϡεǽ
ѥ
.B CONFIG_IP_ALWAYS_DEFRAG
ץˤä椵Ƥ]

Υ֡ͤΥե饰ͭˤʤäƤ (0 ʳˤʤäƤ) ȡ
夷ե饰 (IP ѥåȤΰǡ
ȯȯδ֤ΤɤΥۥȤǡΥѥåȤ
礭ȽǤ졢ʬ䤵줿)
ϡȤեɤǤäƤ
˺ƹ (ǥե饰) 롣

ե䡼뤬¦ΥͥåȥͣΥ󥯤äƤ
䡢Ʃץξ˸¤äͭˤ٤Ǥ롣
̾Υ롼ۥȤǤФͭˤʤ褦ˡ
ʤȥե饰Ȥ̤Υ󥯤ͳˡ
̿Υե饰ȲǤʤʤäƤޤ
ޤǥե饰Ȳϥ CPU ֤ΥȤ礭

ϥޥ졼ɤƩץꤵȡ
Ի׵ĤʻȤߤˤäƼưŪͭˤʤ롣
.TP
.B neigh/*
.BR arp (7)
򸫤衣
.\" XXX Document the conf/*/* sysctls 
.\" XXX Document the route/* sysctls
.\" XXX document them all
.SH IOCTL
.BR socket (7)
˵ҤƤ ioctl ϡ
٤ ip ˤŬѤ롣
.PP 
firewall ط˴ؤ ioctl ˤĤƤ
.B ipchains
ѥå
.BR ipfw (7)
˵ҤƤ롣
.PP
ͥåǥХΥѥ᡼ꤹ ioctl ˤĤƤ
.BR netdevice (7)
˵ҤƤ롣
.\" XXX Add a chapter about multicasting
.SH 
.B SO_BROADCAST
ץѤˤϡ줰դ뤳ȡ
 Linux ǤøǤϤʤ
դʥ֥ɥ㥹ȤԤȡͥåȥϴñ˲پ֤ˤʤ롣
ץꥱץȥˤϡ֥ɥ㥹ȤǤϤʤ
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פѤۤ褤
֥ɥ㥹ȤϿ侩ʤ
.PP
¾ BSD ΥåȼǤϡ
.I IP_RCVDSTADDR

.I IP_RECVIF
ȸäåȥץ󤬥ݡȤƤꡢ
Ԥ襢ɥ쥹ǡΥ󥿡եǤ褦
ʤäƤ뤳Ȥ⤢롣
Linux ƱȤ餻ˤϡŪ
.I IP_PKTINFO
Ȥ롣
.PP
.SH 顼
.\" XXX document all errors. We should really fix the kernels to give more uniform
.\"     error returns (ENOMEM vs ENOBUFS, EPERM vs EACCES etc.)  
.TP
.B ENOTCONN
³ƤʤåȤФơ
³֤ǤƤʤԤȤ
.TP
.B EINVAL
ʰϤ줿ˤơ
.I blackhole
롼Ȥ褦ȤȤΥ顼뤳Ȥ롣
.TP
.B EMSGSIZE 
ǡब path MTU 礭ե饰ȲǤʤ
.TP
.B EACCES
ɬפʸ¤Τʤ桼¹Ԥ褦Ȥ
ʲΤ褦ʾ礬ͤ:
.B SO_BROADCAST
ե饰ꤷƤʤ֤ǥ֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹
ѥåȤȤ
.I prohibit
ʥ롼Ȥ̤ƥѥåȤȤ
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
ʤ¸桼 ID  0 ǤʤΤ
firewall ѹ褦Ȥ
.B CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
¤ʤ¸桼 ID  0 ǤʤΤ
øݡȤ˥Хɤ褦Ȥ
.TP
.B EADDRINUSE
˻ȤƤ륢ɥ쥹˥Хɤ褦Ȥ
.TP
.BR ENOPROTOOPT "  " EOPNOTSUPP
ʥåȥץϤ줿
.TP
.B EPERM
⤤ͥ٤ꤷꡢѹꡢ׵ᤵ줿ץ
ץ롼פ˥ʥäꤹΤɬפʸ¤
桼äƤʤ
.TP
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
¸ߤʤåȤ׵ᤵ줿ޤ׵ᤵ줿
ɥ쥹Ǥʤ
.TP
.B EAGAIN
֥å󥰥åȤФƥ֥åԤä
.TP
.B ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
åȤ̤Ǥ뤫Τʤåȥפ׵ᤵ줿
.TP
.B EISCONN
.BR connect (2)
³ѤߤΥåȤФƸƤФ줿
.TP
.B EALREADY
֥å󥰥åȤФ³˼¹Ǥ롣
.TP
.B ECONNABORTED
.BR accept (2)
κ³줿
.TP
.B EPIPE
³ԤƤʤä
뤤ϥåȥ󤵤줿
.TP
.B ENOENT
ѥåȤ夷ƤʤåȤФ
.B SIOCGSTAMP
ƤФ줿
.TP
.B EHOSTUNREACH
Ԥ襢ɥ쥹˥ޥåͭʥȥ꤬롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥
¸ߤʤΥ顼ϥ⡼ȥ롼Ρ
뤤ϥ롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥ؤ
ICMP åˤäư뤳Ȥ롣
.TP
.B ENODEV 
ͥåȥǥХʤޤ IP 뵡ǽʤ
.TP
.B ENOPKG 
ͥ륵֥ƥबꤵƤʤ
.TP
.B ENOBUFS, ENOMEM
꤬­ʤ
Υ顼ϡꥢ󤬥åȥХåե
礭ˤä¤Ƥ뤳Ȥ̣ƤΤ̾Ǥ뤬
100% Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤ
.PP
¾Υ顼ؤΥץȥˤä뤫⤷ʤ
.BR tcp (7),
.BR raw (7),
.BR udp (7),
.BR socket (7).
ʤɤ򻲾ȤΤȡ
.SH С
.IR IP_PKTINFO , 
.IR IP_MTU , 
.IR IP_PMTU_DISCOVER , 
.IR IP_PKTINFO , 
.IR IP_RECVERR ,
.IR IP_ROUTER_ALERT
 Linux 2.2 ǿƳ줿ץǤ롣
ޤ Linux ͭǤꡢܿθץǤ
Ѥ٤ǤϤʤ
.PP
.B struct ip_mreqn
 Linux 2.2 о줷 Linux 2.0 
.B ip_mreq
ݡȤƤʤ
.PP
sysctl  Linux 2.2 Ƴ줿
.SH ܿ
Linux 2.0 ȤθߴΤˡ obsolete 
.BI "socket(PF_INET, SOCK_RAW, " protocol )
Ȥ񼰤Ǥ
.BR packet (7)
򥪡ץǤ褦ˤʤäƤ뤬ϤǤʤ
.BI "socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, " protocol )
Ѥ٤Ǥ롣ʰ㤤ϡͥåʥѤ
.B sockaddr_ll
ɥ쥹¤ΤŤ
.B sockaddr_pkt
ѤäѤ褦ˤʤäȤǤ롣
.SH Х
顼ͤӤƤʤ
.PP
IP ͭΥ󥿡եץꤹ뤿 ioctl 
ARP ơ֥ΤȤҤƤʤ
.PP
glibc ΥСˤäƤ
.I in_pktinfo
˺ƤΤ롣
ǤΤȤꤢкȤƤϡ man ڡˤץ
ԡ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR recvmsg (2)

.I msg_name

.B MSG_ERRQUEUE
ƸԤ襢ɥ쥹ˡ 2.2 ͥΰǤޤưʤ
.SH 
 man ڡ Andi Kleen 񤤤
.SH Ϣ
.BR sendmsg (2),
.BR recvmsg (2),
.BR socket (7),
.BR netlink (7),
.BR tcp (7),
.BR udp (7),
.BR raw (7),
.BR ipfw (7)
.PP
.BR RFC791 :
ꥸʥ IP λ
.br
.BR RFC1122 :
IPv4 ۥȤɬ׾
.br
.BR RFC1812 :
IPv4 롼ɬ׾
.\"  LocalWords:  XXX autobind INADDR REUSEADDR