.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\" $Id: packet.7,v 1.12 2001/06/19 07:07:38 argrath Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Mon 6 Dec 1999 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated Tue 13 Feb 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\"
.\"WORD		physical layer		ʪ
.\"WORD		link level header(s)	󥯥٥إå
.\"WORD		phyxical header(s)	ʪإå
.\"WORD		effective user id	¸桼 id
.\"WORD		capability		
.\"WORD		pending error		ٱ䥨顼
.\"WORD		promiscuous mode	̵̥⡼
.\"
.TH PACKET  7 1999-04-29 "Linux Man Page" "Linux Programmer's Manual" 
.SH ̾
packet, PF_PACKET \- ǥХ٥Υѥåȥ󥿡ե
.\" yes, this is ugly.
.SH 
.nf
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.B #include <features.h>	/* for the glibc version number */
.br
.B #if __GLIBC__ >= 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR >= 1 
.br
.B #include <netpacket/packet.h>
.br
.B #include <net/ethernet.h>	/* the L2 protocols */
.br
.B #else
.br
.B #include <asm/types.h>
.br
.B #include <linux/if_packet.h>
.br
.B #include <linux/if_ether.h>	/* The L2 protocols */ 
.br
.B #endif
.sp
.PP
.BI "packet_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, int " socket_type ", int "protocol ); 
.fi
.SH 
packet åȤϥǥХɥ饤 (OSI 쥤 2) ٥
raw ѥåȤ뤿Ѥ롣
ѤС桼֤ʪؤξ
ץȥ⥸塼뤳ȤǽȤʤ롣

.I socket_type
ˤϡ󥯥٥إåޤ raw ѥåȤξˤ 
.B SOCK_RAW
ꤷ󥯥٥إå줿ùѤߥѥåȤξˤ
.B SOCK_DGRAM
ꤹ롣
󥯥٥إå
.B sockaddr_ll
̾ΥեޥåȤǤ롣
.I protocol
 IEEE 802.3 ץȥֹ
ͥåȥХȥǽ񤤤ΤǤ롣
ǤץȥΥꥹȤϡ󥯥롼ɥե
.B <linux/if_ether.h>
򸫤衣ץȥ
.B htons(ETH_P_ALL)
ˤȡƤΥץȥ뤬롣
褿ѥåȤΤλꤷץȥΤΤϡ
ޤ packet åȤϤ졢θǥͥ˼Ƥ
ץȥϤ롣

¸桼 ID  0 Υץ
.B CAP_NET_RAW
¤ĥץ packet åȤ򥪡ץǤ롣

.B SOCK_RAW
ѥåȤϡǥХɥ饤Фѥåȥǡѹ뤳Ȥʤ
Ϥ롣ѥåȤμˤϡǤ⥢ɥ쥹ϥѡ졢
ɸŪ
.B sockaddr_ll
ɥ쥹¤ΤϤ롣ѥåȤμˤϡ
桼ͿХåեˤʪؤΥإåޤޤƤ롣
ѥåȤϤΤޤ޽ˡԤ襢ɥ쥹ꤵ
󥿡եΥͥåȥɥ饤Ф˥塼󥰤롣
¾Υإåɲä褦ʥǥХɥ饤ФˤäƤ⤢롣
.B SOCK_RAW
 Linux 2.0  obosolete 
.B SOCK_PACKET
ȻƤ뤬ߴǤϤʤ

.B SOCK_DGRAM
Ϥ̤Υ٥ư롣ʪإåϡѥåȤ桼
Ϥ˺롣
.B SOCK_DGRAM
 packet åȤ̤줿ѥåȤϡ
.B sockaddr_ll
ιԤ襢ɥ쥹ξ˴ŤŬڤʪؤΥإåղäƤ
塼롣

ǥեȤǤϻꤷץȥ뷿ΥѥåȤϤ٤ packet
åȤ롣Υ󥿡եΥѥåȤ
ˤϡ
.B struct sockaddr_ll
˥ɥ쥹ꤷ
.BR bind (2)
ƤӡѥåȤ򤽤Υ󥿡ե˥Хɤ롣
ХŪˤ
.B sll_protocol

.B sll_ifindex
γƥɥ쥹եɤѤ롣

.BR connect (2)
 packet åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.B MSG_TRUNC
ե饰
.BR recvmsg (2)
Ϥȡ(Хåե礭äȤƤ)˼ºݤ̿줿
ѥåȤĹ֤

.SH ɥ쥹Υ
sockaddr_ll ϥǥХΩʪؤΥɥ쥹Ǥ롣

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct sockaddr_ll {
	unsigned short	sll_family;	/* Always AF_PACKET */
	unsigned short	sll_protocol;	/* Physical layer protocol */
	int	sll_ifindex;	/* Interface number */
	unsigned short	sll_hatype;	/* Header type */	
	unsigned char	sll_pkttype;	/* Packet type */
	unsigned char	sll_halen;	/* Length of address */ 
	unsigned char	sll_addr[8];	/* Physical layer address */
};
.ta
.fi
.RE

.B sll_protocol
ɸŪʥͥåȥץȥΥפǡ
ͥåȥХȥǵҤ롣
󥯥롼ɥե
.B linux/if_ether.h
Ƥ롣
줬åȤΥץȥΥǥեȤȤʤ롣

.B sll_ifindex
ϤΥ󥿡ե interface index Ǥ
.RB ( netdevice (7)
򸫤) 0 ǤդΥ󥿡ե˥ޥå (ХɤΤߤͭ)
.B sll_hatype
 ARP Υס
󥯥롼ɥե
.B linux/if_arp.h
Ƥ롣

.B sll_pkttype
ϥѥåȤΥפǤ롣Ǥ륿פϰʲΤ줫Ǥ:
.B PACKET_HOST
ۥȸΥѥåȡ
.B PACKET_BORADCAST
ʪؤΥ֥ɥ㥹ȥѥåȡ
.B PACKET_MULTICAST
ʪؤΥޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ѥåȡ
.B PACKET_OTHERHOST
¾ΥۥȤ˸줿ѥåȤΤ
̵̥⡼ (promiscuous mode: ) ΥǥХɥ饤Ф˥å줿Ρ
.B PACKET_OUTGOING
ۥȤȯ졢
packet åȤ˥롼ץХåƤѥåȡ
Υפ̣ĤΤϼΤߤǤ롣

.B sll_addr

.B sll_halen
ʪ (Ĥޤ IEEE 802.3) ɥ쥹ȤĹǤ롣
̩ʲϥǥХ˰¸롣

ѥåȤϡ
.BR sll_family ,
.BR sll_addr ,
.BR sll_halen ,
.B sll_ifindex
ꤹнʬǤ롣
¾Υեɤ 0 ˤƤ٤Ǥ롣
.B sll_hatype

.B sll_pkttype
ϼѥåȤξ󤬥åȤ롣
.B sll_protocol

.B sll_ifindex
ϥХɤΤ˻Ȥ롣

.SH åȥץ
packet åȤѤȡʪؤΥޥ㥹Ȥ
̵̥⡼ɤꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣ˤ
SOL_PACKET ȰʲΥץΤ줫ꤷ
.BR setsockopt (2)
Ƥ٤Ф褤
⤦ĤΥץϡХɤɲä 
.B PACKET_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ǥꡢ
.B PACKET_DROP_MEMBERSHIP
Ǥ롣Ϥ
.B packet_mreq
¤Τ˼롣

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct packet_mreq
{
	int	mr_ifindex;	/* interface index */
	unsigned short	mr_type;	/* action */
	unsigned short	mr_alen;	/* address length */
	unsigned char	mr_address[8];	/* physical layer address */ 
};
.ta
.fi
.RE 

.B mr_ifindex
ϡơѹ󥿡ե
󥿡եǥåǤ롣

.B mr_type
ѥ᡼ϼ¹Ԥưꤹ:
.B PACKET_MR_PROMISC
϶ͭƤΤƤΥѥåȤǤ褦ˤ
(Ф ``̵̥⡼ (promiscuous mode)'' ȤΤ)
.B PACKET_MR_MULTICAST
ϤΥåȤ
.B mr_address

.B mr_alen
ǻꤵʪؤΥޥ㥹ȥ֥롼פ˥Хɤ롣
.B PACKET_MR_ALLMULTI
 socket  up ˤơΥ󥿡եã٤Ƥ
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤǤ褦ˤ롣

Τ餢 ioctl ˲ä
.BR SIOCSIFFLAGS ,
.BR SIOCADDMULTI , 
.B SIOCDELMULTI
ƱŪѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.SH IOCTL
.B SIOCGSTAMP
ѤȺǸ˼ѥåȤΥॹפ뤳ȤǤ롣

.B struct timeval
Ǥ롣

äơ
.BR netdevice (7)

.BR socket (7)
Ƥɸ ioctl 
٤ packet åȤˤǽǤ롣

.SH 顼
packet åȤϡѥåȤǥХɥ饤ФϤȤ
顼ʤٱ䥨顼 (pending error)
˴ؤ복ǰϻäƤʤ
.SH ܿ
Linux 2.0 Ǥϡ packet åȤͣˡ
.BI "socket(PF_INET, SOCK_PACKET, " protocol )\fR
Ƥ֤ǤäϤޤݡȤƤ뤬
ѤʤȤ򶯤侩롣Ĥˡμʰ㤤ϡ
.B SOCK_PACKET
Ǥϥ󥿡եλ˸Ť
.B struct sockaddr_pkt
ѤǤ롣ˤʪؤΩʤ

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct sockaddr_pkt
{
	unsigned short	spkt_family;
	unsigned char	spkt_device[14];
	unsigned short	spkt_protocol;
};
.ta
.fi
.RE

.B spkt_family
ϥǥХΥס
.B spkt_protocol

.B <sys/if_ether.h>
Ƥ IEEE 802.3 ץȥ륿ס
.B spkt_device
ϥǥХ̾ 0 ǽüʸͿ (: eth0) Ǥ롣

ι¤Τ obsolete Ǥꡢ
ɤ񤯻ˤѤ٤Ǥʤ
.SH 
ܿɬפʥץǤ
.BR pcap (3)

.B PF_PACKET
ѤۤɤˡǤ
.B PF_PACKET
εǽ٤ƤѤ뤳ȤϤǤʤ

.B SOCK_DGRAM
packet åȤ IEEE 802.3 ե졼 IEEE 802.2 LLC إå
ѡ褦Ȼߤʤ
.B ETH_P_802_3
ץȥ˻ꤵȡͥ 802.3 ե졼
 length եɤ˽񤭹ࡣ
˽򤷤ѥåȤ뤿ˤϥ桼 LLC إå
Ϳɬפ롣夷 802.3 ѥåȤǤϡ
DSAP/SSAP protocol γƥեɤ¿Ų (multiplex) Ƥʤ
ˤ LLC إå֤줿
.B ETH_P_802_2
ץȥȤͿƤ롣äơ
.B ETH_P_802_3
˥Хɤ뤳ȤϤǤʤ
.B ETH_P_802_2
˥ХɤʬȤǥץȥ¿ŲԤȡ
ΥǥեȤϡץȥ񤭹
ɸ Ethernet DIX encapsulation Ǥ롣

packet åȤϤ firewall chain ˽ʤ
.SH 顼
.TP
.B ENETDOWN
󥿡ե up Ǥʤ
.TP
.B ENOTCONN
󥿡եɥ쥹Ϥʤä
.TP
.B ENODEV
ǥХ̾뤤ϥ󥿡եɥ쥹ǻꤵ줿
󥿡եǥå
.TP
.B EMSGSIZE
ѥåȤ󥿡ե MTU 礭
.TP
.B ENOBUFS
ѥåȤƤ꤬­ʤ
.TP
.B EFAULT
桼Ϥꥢɥ쥹
.TP
.B EINVAL

.TP
.B ENXIO
󥿡եɥ쥹ʥ󥿡եǥåޤޤƤ롣
.TP
.B EPERM
ԤΤɬפʸ¤桼äƤʤ
.TP
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
ʥޥ㥹ȥ롼ץɥ쥹Ϥ줿
.TP
.B ENOENT
ѥåȤĤƤʤ

ʾ˲ä٥Υɥ饤Фǥ顼ǽ롣
.SH С
.B PF_PACKET
 Linux 2.2 οǽǤ롣ŤС Linux Ǥ
.B SOCK_PACKET
Τߤ򥵥ݡȤƤ
.SH Х
glibc 2.1 ˤ
.B SOL_PACKET
ʤȤƤϡʲѤɤ
.RS
.nf
#ifndef SOL_PACKET
#define SOL_PACKET 263
#endif
.fi
.RE
ϿС glibc 
libc5 ΥƥˤⰭƶϵڤܤʤ

IEEE 802.2/803.3  LLC μ갷ϥХȹͤƤɤ

åȥե륿ҤƤʤ

.I MSG_TRUNC
recvmsg ĥϽ hack ǡå֤٤Ǥ롣
ΤȤ SOCK_DGRAM ͳΥѥåȤθ襢ɥ쥹ˡʤ

.SH 
 man ڡ Matthew Wilcox νϤΤȤ Andi Kleen 񤤤
Linux 2.2  PF_PACKET ϡ
Alan Cox ΥɤȤˤ Alexey Kuznetsov 
.SH Ϣ
.BR ip (7),
.BR socket (7),
.BR socket (2),
.BR raw (7),
.BR pcap (3)

ɸ IP Ethernet encapsulation ˴ؤ RFC 894 ˤ롣

IEEE 802.3 IP encapsulation ˴ؤ RFC 1700 ˤ롣

ʪؤΥץȥ˴ؤ뵭Ҥ
.I <linux/if_ether.h>
󥯥롼ɥեˤ롣