'\" t
.\" Don't change the first line, it tells man that we need tbl.
.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" and copyright (c) 1999 Matthew Wilcox. 
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\" $Id: socket.7,v 1.13 2001/06/19 07:07:38 argrath Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Mon 6 Dec 1999 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD         protocol family         ץȥեߥ꡼
.\"WORD         socket type             åȥ
.\"WORD         file descriptor         եǥץ
.\"WORD         anonymous socket        ̵̾å
.\"WORD         asynchronous            Ʊ (Ū)
.\"WORD         credential              Ǥ
.\"WORD         capability              
.\"WORD         ancillary data          ǡ
.\"
.TH SOCKET  7 1999-05-07 "Linux Man Page" "Linux Programmer's Manual" 
.SH ̾
socket \- Linux Υåȥ󥿡ե
.SH 
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.IB mysocket " = socket(int " socket_family ", int " socket_type ", int " protocol );
.SH 
Υޥ˥奢ڡ Linux ͥåȥΥåؤФ
桼󥿡ե򵭽ҤΤǤ롣
BSD ߴåȤϡ桼ץȥͥ
ͥåȥץȥ륹åȤδ֤ˡ
Ūʥ󥿡ե󶡤ΤǤ롣
ץȥ⥸塼
.I "ץȥեߥ꡼ (protocol familiy)"
(㡧
.BR PF_INET ", " PF_IPX ", " PF_PACKET
) 
.I "åȥ (socket types)"
(㡧
.BR SOCK_STREAM ", " SOCK_DGRAM
) ʬǤ롣
˴ؤܤ
.BR socket (2)
򸫤衣
.SH åؤδؿ
δؿϥѥåȤꡢ¾Υå
Ԥäꤹ뤿Ѥ롣ܺ٤Ϥ줾Υޥ˥奢ڡ
Ƥۤ

.BR socket (2)
ϥåȤ롣
.BR connect (2)
ϥåȤ⡼ȥåȥɥ쥹³롣
.BR bind (2)
ϥåȤʥåȥɥ쥹˥Хɤ롣
.BR listen (2)
ϥåȤ˿³褿褦
.BR accept (2)
ϳäƤ³ФƿåȤ뤿Ѥ롣
.BR socketpair (2)
ϸߤ³줿Ĥ̵̾å (anonymous socket) ֤
.RB ( PR_UNIX
Τ褦ʡĤΥʥեߥ꡼ǤƤʤ)
.PP
.BR send (2),
.BR sendto (2),
.BR sendmsg (2)
ϥåȤ̤ƥǡ
.BR recv (2)
.BR recvfrom (2),
.BR recvmsg (2)
ϥåȤǡ롣
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
ϥǡԤäꡢǡǤޤԤäꤹ롣
ˡ
.BR write (2),
.BR writev (2),
.BR sendfile (2),
.BR read (2),
.BR readv (2) 
Τ褦ɸŪ I/O ǡɤ߽񤭤Ѥ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR getsockbyname (2)
ϥʥåȥɥ쥹֤
.BR getpeername (2)
ϥ⡼ȤΥåȥɥ쥹֤
.BR getsockopt (2)

.BR setsockopt (2)
ϥåؤΥץץȥ륪ץμѤ롣
¾Υץμˤ
.BR ioctl (2)
Ȥ뤳Ȥ⤢롣
.PP
.BR close (2)
ϥåȤ򥯥롣
.BR shutdown (2)
Ťʥå³ʬŪ˥롣
.PP
ư䡢 0 ʳΰ֤Ф
.BR pread (2)

.BR pwrite (2)
ϥåȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.PP
֥å󥰤 IO 򥽥åȤǹԤȤϲǽǡ
.BR fcntl (2)
ȤäƥåȤΥեǥץ
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰򥻥åȤɤ
ȥ֥åϡ (̾)
.B EAGAIN
뤳Ȥˤʤ롣
(ϸǺƻԤ٤Ǥ)
.BR connect (2)

.B EINPROGRESS
顼֤
ξ硢桼Ϥޤޤʥ٥Ȥ
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
ȤäԤĤȤǤ褦ˤʤ롣
.PP
.TS
tab(:) allbox;
c s s
l l l.
I/O ٥
٥:poll ե饰:
Read:POLLIN:T{
ǡ夷
T}
Read:POLLIN:T{
(³ָΥåȤ)
³꤬λ
T}
Read:POLLHUP:T{
³׵᤬줿
T}
Read:POLLHUP:T{
³줿 (³ָΥץȥΤ)
åȤ˽񤭹ߤԤ줿Ȥ
.B SIGPIPE
⤤ä줿
T}
Write:POLLOUT:T{
åȤˤϿǡ񤭹Τ
ʬʥХåեΰ褬롣
T}
Read/Write:T{
POLLIN|
.br
POLLOUT
T}:T{

.BR connect (2)
λ
T}
Read/Write:POLLERR:T{
ƱŪ (asynchronous) ʥ顼ä
T}
Read/Write:POLLHUP:³褬Ǥ
Exception:POLLPRI:T{
۵ޥǡ (urgent data) 夷
ξ
.B SIGURG
롣
T}
.\" XXX not true currently
.\" It is no I/O event when the connection
.\" is broken from the local end using 
.\" .BR shutdown (2)
.\" or 
.\" .BR close (2)
.\" .
.TE

.PP
poll/select Ԥˤϡͥ뤫饢ץꥱˡ
.B SIGIO
ʥˤäƥ٥ȤΤˡ⤢롣
ˤ
.BR fcntl (2)
ѤơåȤΥեǥץ
.B FASYNC
ե饰򥻥åȤƤ
.B SIGIO
Фʥϥɥ
.BR sigaction (2)
ˤäƥ󥹥ȡ뤷Ƥɬפ롣
ʲ
.I ʥ
ε⻲ͤˤ뤳ȡ
.SH åȥץ
Υåȥץϡ
.BR setsockopt (2)
ѤǤ
.BR getsockopt (2)
ѤмǤ롣
åȥ٥ˤϡ٤ƤΥåȤФ
.B SOL_SOCKET
Ѥ롣
.TP
.B SO_KEEPALIVE
³ָΥåȤФ keep-alive åͭˤ롣
֡ͤե饰Ȥ롣
.TP
.B SO_OOBINLINE
ΥץͭˤȡӰ賰ǡ (out-of-band data) 
ľܼǡȥ꡼֤롣ͭˤʤС
Ӱ賰ǡϼ
.B MSG_OOB
ե饰åȤƤ˸¤äϤ롣
.\" don't document it because it can do too much harm.
.\".B SO_NO_CHECK
.TP
.BR SO_RCVLOWAT "  " SO_SNDLOWAT
Хåեί뤳ȤΤǤǡκǾͤꤹ롣
ΥۤȡåؤϤΥǡץȥϤ
.RB ( SO_SNDLOWAT )
ˤϥ桼Ϥ
.RB ( SO_RCVLOWAT )
Ĥͤ Linux ǤѹǤͿ뤳ȤΤǤ륵
 1 ХȤ˸ꤵƤ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
Ȥɤ߽ФϲǽǤ롣
.BR setsockopt (2)
ǤϾ
.B ENOPROTOOPT
֤롣
.TP
.BR SO_RCVTIMEO "  " SO_SNDTIMEO
ΥॢȤꤹ롣ۤȥ顼𤹤롣
 Linux ǤϥץȥǤλͤ˸ꤵƤꡢ
ɤ߽񤭤Ǥʤ褦ˤʤäƤ롣εǽ
.BR alarm (2)

.BR setitimer (2)
ѤХߥ졼ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_BSDCOMPAT
BSD ΥХФƸߴ뤿εǽͭˤ롣
 UDP ץȥ⥸塼ǤΤѤƤꡢ
ϺͽǤ롣
ͭˤʤäƤȡ UDP åȤǼ줿 ICMP 顼
桼ץϤʤ Linux 2.0 ǤϡΥץꤹȡ
raw åȤˤƤ BSD ΥХ (إåѹ
֥ɥ㥹ȥե饰Υå)
ФߴǽͭˤʤäƤ
 Linux 2.2 Ǻ줿
Υե饰ͭˤϡ桼ץۤ˾ޤ
.TP
.B SO_PASSCRED
.B SCM_CREDENTIALS
åμͭ/̵ˤ롣ܺ٤
.BR unix (7)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.TP
.B SO_PEERCRED
ΥåȤ³ƤץοǤ (credential) ֤
.B PF_UNIX
ǤΤͭѤǤ롣
.BR unix (7)
򸫤衣
.B ucred
¤ΤǤ롣
.B getsockopt (2)
ǤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_BINDTODEVICE
ΥåȤϤ󥿡ե̾ǻꤵ
(\(lqeth0\(rq Τ褦) ΥǥХ˥Хɤ롣
̾ʸäꡢץĹ (optlen)  0 ξˤϡ
åȤΥХɤϺ롣Ϥץϡ
̥ʸǽüĹΥ󥿡ե̾ʸǤ롣
Υ
.BR IFNAMSIX 
åȤϥ󥿡ե˥Хɤȡ
Υ󥿡ե줿ѥåȤ롣
Ʊåȥסä
.B AF_INET
ФƤΤư뤳Ȥդ뤳ȡ
ѥåȥå
ˤбƤʤ(̤
.BR bind (8)
Ȥ)
.TP
.B SO_DEBUG 
åȤΥǥХåǽͭˤ롣
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
¤ĥץ¸桼 ID  0 Υץ
ѤǤʤ
.TP
.B SO_REUSEADDR
.BR bind (2)
Ϳ줿ɥ쥹ȽǤ롼ǡ
륢ɥ쥹κѤǽˤ롣
Ĥޤ
.B PF_INET
åȤʤ顢Υɥ쥹˥Хɤ줿ƥ֤ listen
֤ΥåȤ¸ߤʤ¤ꡢХɤԤ롣
listen ֤ΥåȤ
.B INADDR_ANY
ˤäΥݡȤ˥ХɤƤˤϡ
ΥݡȤФƤϡɤʥ륢ɥ쥹ХɤϤǤʤ
.TP
.B SO_TYPE
åȤΥפǼ (:
.BR SOCK_STREAM )
.BR getsockopt (2)
Τɤ߽ФǽǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_DONTROUTE
롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥ѤԤ襢ɥ쥹Υͥåȥʬ
ꤵƤ륤󥿡եľ롣
.BR send (2)

.B MSG_DONTORUTE
ե饰򥻥åȤƱ̤롣
֡Υե饰롣
.TP
.B SO_BROADCAST
֥ɥ㥹ȥե饰ꡦ롣ͭˤʤäƤȡ
ǡॽåȤϥ֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹줿ѥåȤ
ޤ֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹˥ѥåȤǤ褦ˤʤ롣
ȥ꡼ظΥåȤˤϲθ̤ʤ
.TP
.B SO_SNDBUF 
åȤХåեκ祵ꡦ (Хñ)
ǥեȤͤ
.B wmem_default
sysctl ꤵ졢ͤ
.B wmem_max
ꤵ롣
.TP
.B SO_RCVBUF
åȤμХåեκ祵ꡦ (Хñ)
ǥեȤͤ
.B rmem_default
sysctl ꤵ졢ͤ
.B rmem_max
ꤵ롣
.TP
.B SO_LINGER
.B SO_LINGER
ץꤹ롣ˤ
.B linger
¤Τ롣
.PP
.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 10n 22n
struct linger {
        int     l_onoff;        /* linger active */
        int     l_linger;       /* how many seconds to linger for */
};
.ta
.fi
.RE
.IP
ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.BR close (2)

.BR shutdown (2)
ϡΥåȤ˥塼󥰤줿å٤λ뤫
linger ॢȤˤʤޤ֤ʤ̵ˤʤäƤȡ
ΥϤꡢưϥХå饦ɤǹԤ롣
åȤΥ
.BR exit (2)
ΰȤƹԤäˤϡ
ưɬХå饦ɤ롣
.TP
.B SO_PRIORITY
ץȥ줿ͥ (priority) 򡢤ΥåȤ
ƤΥѥåȤ˥åȤ롣 Linux ϥͥåȥ塼
ˤͤѤ롣⤤ͥ٤äƤѥåȤ˽롣
ΥǥХΥ塼Τ˰¸롣
.BR ip (7)
ǤϡѥåȤ IP type-of-service (TOS) եɤƱꤵ롣
.TP
.B SO_ERROR
֤ˤʤäƤåȥ顼ƥꥢ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
ͤȤ롣
.SH ʥ
(ޤϥ⡼¦) Ǥ줿
³ظ(connection-oriented)ΥåȤФ
񤭹ߤԤȡν񤭹ߤԤäץ
.B SIGPIPE
졢
.B EPIPE
֤롣 write ƤӽФ
.B MSG_NOSIGNAL
ե饰ꤷƤϥʥʤ
.PP
.B FIOCSETOWN
fcntl 
.B SIOCSPGRP
ioctl ץޤϥץ롼פ˻ꤷƤȡ
I/O ٥ȤȤ
.B SIGIO
롣
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
򥷥ʥϥɥ餫ѤСɤΥåȤǥ٥Ȥä
Τ뤳ȤǤ롣 (Linux 2.2 ˤ) ̤ˡȤƤϡ
.B F_SETSIG
fcntl Ѥƥꥢ륿ॷʥꤹ⤢롣
ꥢ륿ॷʥΥϥɥϡ
.I siginfo_t

.I si_fd
եɤ˥եǥץä֤ǸƤӽФ롣
ܺ٤
.BR fcntl (2)
򸫤衣
.PP
ˤäƤ (㤨ʣΥץĤΥåȤ˥Ƥʤ)
.B SIGIO
θȤʤä֤ϡץΥʥؤбԤäȤˤ
äƤޤäƤ뤫⤷ʤ
ξϡץϺƤԤĤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ롣
Linux Ʊʥˤޤ뤫Ǥ롣
.\" .SH ANCILLARY MESSAGES
.SH SYSCTL
core åȤΥͥåȥ sysctl ˥ˤϡ
.B /proc/sys/net/core/*
ե̤ƹԤ
.BR sysctl (2)
Υ󥿡եѤ롣
.TP
.B rmem_default
åȤμХåեΥǥե (Хñ)
.TP
.B rmem_max
.B SO_RCVBUF
åȥץѤƥ桼Ǥ
åȤμХåեκ(Хñ)
.TP
.B wmem_default
åȤХåեκ (Хñ)
.TP
.B wmem_max
.B SO_SNDBUF
åȥץѤƥ桼Ǥ
åȤХåեκ(Хñ)
.TP
.BR message_cost "  " message_burst 
ȡ󡦥Хåȡե륿ꤹ롣
ϳΥͥåȥ٥Ȥˤäư줿
ٸ³ηٹåѤ롣
.\"NAKANO "load limit" Ȼפ...
.TP
.B netdev_max_backlog 
Хϥ塼֤Υѥåȿ
.TP
.B optmem_max
åȤΡǡ (ancillary data) ȥ桼ǡ
(iovecs Τ褦ʤ) Ȥ¤κĹ
.\" netdev_fastroute is not documented because it is experimental
.SH IOCTL
 ioctl ˤ
.BR ioctl (2)
ѤƥǤ롣
.RS
.nf
.IB error " = ioctl(" ip_socket ", " ioctl_type ", " &value_result ");"
.fi
.RE
.TP
.B SIOCGSTAMP
.B struct timeval
ˡ桼ϤǸΥѥåȤμॹפ֤
 round trip ֤Τ¬ꤿȤǤ롣
.B struct timeval

.BR setitimer (2)
򸫤Ƥۤ
.\"
.TP
.BR SIOCSPGRP
Ʊ I/O νλ۵ޥǡμ
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ʥ뷲ץ/ץ롼פꤹ롣

.B pid_t
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ롣
ȡΥץ˥ʥ뤬롣ȡ
ͤ id ˻ĥץ롼פ˥ʥ뤬롣
.B CAP_KILL
¤äƤ뤫¸桼 ID  0 ΥץǤʤС
ʬȤΥץ / ʬν°ץ롼
ʥ˻Ǥʤ
.TP
.B FIOASYNC
.B O_ASYNC
ե饰ѹåȤƱ (asynchronous) IO ⡼ɤ
ͭ/̵ˤ롣Ʊ IO ⡼ɤǤϡ
 I/O ٥ȤȤˡ
.B SIGIO
ʥ
.B F_SETSIG
ꤵ줿ʥ롦åȤȯԤ롣
.IP
ϥ֡Υե饰Ǥ롣
.\"
.TP
.BR SIOCGPGRP
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ȥץץ롼פ롣
ʤ 0 ֤롣
.PP
ͭ fcntl:
.TP
.BR FIOCGETOWN 
SIOCGPGRP ioctl Ʊ
.TP
.BR FIOCSETOWN
SIOCSPGRP ioctl Ʊ
.SH 
Linux ϡХåեȾʬΥͥ빽¤ΤѤȲꤷƤ롣
ä sysctl ϥͥåȤβǤ礭 2 ܤˤʤ롣
.SH Х
.B CONFIG_FILTER
åȥץ
.B SO_ATTACH_FILTER

.B SO_DETACH_FILTER
Ƥʤ libpcap 饤֥̤
Ѥɤ
.SH С
.B SO_BINDTODEVICE
 Linux 2.0.30 Ƴ줿
.B SO_PASSCRED
 Linux 2.2 о줷
sysctl  Linux 2.2 о줷
.SH 
 man ڡ Andi Kleen 񤤤
.SH Ϣ
.BR socket (2),
.BR ip (7),
.BR setsockopt (2),
.BR getsockopt (2),
.BR packet (7),
.BR ddp (7)