.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1993 Michael Haardt
.\" (michael@moria.de),
.\" Fri Apr  2 11:32:09 MET DST 1993
.\"
.\" changes Copyright 1999 Mike Coleman (mkc@acm.org)
.\" -- major revision to fully document ptrace semantics per recent Linux
.\"    kernel (2.2.10) and glibc (2.1.2) 
.\" Sun Nov  7 03:18:35 CST 1999
.\"
.\" This is free documentation; you can redistribute it and/or
.\" modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
.\" published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
.\" the License, or (at your option) any later version.
.\"
.\" The GNU General Public License's references to "object code"
.\" and "executables" are to be interpreted as the output of any
.\" document formatting or typesetting system, including
.\" intermediate and printed output.
.\"
.\" This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
.\"
.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
.\" License along with this manual; if not, write to the Free
.\" Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111,
.\" USA.
.\"
.\" Modified Fri Jul 23 23:47:18 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified Fri Jan 31 16:46:30 1997 by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
.\" Modified Thu Oct  7 17:28:49 1999 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\" Modified, 27 May 2004, Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
.\"     Added notes on capability requirements
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997-1999 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Sat Nov 20 17:40:55 JST 1999
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated Sat Oct 11 JST 2003 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\"
.\"WORD: child process ҥץ
.\"WORD: parent process ƥץ
.\"WORD: core image ꡦ᡼
.\"WORD: break point ֥졼ݥ
.\"WORD: single step 󥰥롦ƥå׼¹
.\"WORD: trap flag ȥåסե饰
.\"WORD: attach ³
.\"WORD: detach ʬΥ
.\"WORD:        process ID              ץID
.\"
.TH PTRACE 2 2004-05-27 "Linux 2.6.6" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
ptrace \- ץΥȥ졼
.SH 
.B #include <sys/ptrace.h>
.sp
.BI "long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request " request ", pid_t " pid ", void *" addr ", void *" data );
.SH 
.B ptrace
ƥॳϿƥץ (parent process) ̤Υץ
¹Ԥƻ뤷椷ꡢ᡼ (core image) 쥸
Ĵ٤ѹꤹʤ󶡤롣
.B ptrace
ϼ˥֥졼ݥȤˤǥХå䥷ƥॳΥȥ졼
ΤѤ롣
.LP
ȥ졼򳫻Ϥˤϡޤƥץ
.BR fork (2)
ƤӽФ줿ҥץ PTRACE_TRACEME Ԥʤ
³ (ŵŪˤ)
.BR exec (3)
Ԥʤ
̤ˡȤƤϡ
ƥץ¸ΥץФ PTRACE_ATTACH Ѥ
ȥ졼򳫻Ϥ롣
.LP
ȥ졼μ¹桢ҥץϥʥ뤬뤿Ӥˡ
ȤΥʥ뤬̵뤹٤ΤǤäƤߤ롣
(SIGKILL 㳰ǡ̾ɤθ̤⤿餹)
ƥץˤϼ
.BR wait (2)
Τ졢ߤƤ֤˻ҥץĴ٤꽤ꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣
ƿƥץϻҥץμ¹ԤƳ뤬줿
ʥ̵뤹뤳ȤǤ (뤤̤Υʥ
뤳ȤǤ) 
.LP
ƥץȥ졼λݤˤϡ
PTRACE_KILL Ѥƻҥץ򤵤뤳ȤǤ뤷
PTRACE_DETACH Ѥ̾Ρȥ졼ʤΥ⡼ɤˤ
¹Ԥ³뤳ȤǤ롣
.LP
\fIrequest\fP ͤΥƥॳưꤹ:
.TP
PTRACE_TRACEME
Υץƥץˤäƥȥ졼뤳Ȥɽ
Υץ(SIGKILL )ʥ뤬ȡץ
ߤƥץ
.BR wait
̤Τ롣
ޤʸ夳Υץ
.B exec
ƤӽФ SIGTRAP 롣
ˤäơƥץ
ץब¹Ԥ򳫻Ϥ椹뤳ȤǤ롣
ƥץȥ졼ĤǤʤˤϡ
餯ץϤ׵ԤʤäƤϤʤʤ
(\fIpid\fP, \fIaddr\fP, \fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.LP
嵭׵ϻҥץԤʤΤǤ롣
ĤϿƥץԤʤΤǤ롣
ʲ׵Ǥϡ\fIpid\fP оݤȤʤ
ҥץꤹ롣
PTRACE_KILL ׵Ԥʤˤ
ҥץߤƤʤФʤʤ
.TP
PTRACE_PEEKTEXT, PTRACE_PEEKDATA
ҥץΥ
.I addr
ΰ֤ 1 ɤɤ߽Фɤ߽Фɤ
.B ptrace
֤ͤȤ֤롣 Linux Ǥϥƥ (text) ȥǡ (data) 
Ʊɥ쥹֤Ѥ뤿ᡢ 2 Ĥ׵ϸߤΤȤ
ƱΤǤ롣 ( \fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_PEEKUSR
ҥץ
.B USER
ΰΥեå
.I addr
ΰ֤ 1 ɤɤ߹ࡣUSER ΰˤϤΥץ
쥸 (registers) ʤɤξݻƤ롣(<linux/user.h>  <sys/user.h>
򻲾)ɤ߹ɤ
.B ptrace
η̤Ȥ֤롣
̾եåȤϥɶˤʤФʤʤ
ƥˤäƤɬפʤ
(\fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣 )
.TP
PTRACE_POKETEXT, PTRACE_POKEDATA

.IR data
ҥץΥ
.IR addr
ΰ֤إԡ롣ƱͤˡߤΤȤĤ
׵ƱΤǤ롣
.TP
PTRACE_POKEUSR

.I data
ҥץ
.B USER
ΰΥեå
.I addr 
ΰ֤˥ԡ롣
Ʊͤˡ̾եåȤϥɶˤʤФʤʤ
ͥδ (integrity) ݻ뤿ᡢ
ѹƤˤäƤ
.B USER
ΰѹ϶ػߤƤ롣
.TP
PTRACE_GETREGS, PTRACE_GETFPREGS
줾졢ҥץѥ쥸ư쥸ƥץ
\fIdata\fP ΰ֤˥ԡ롣 data ν񼰤˴ؤƤ
<linux/user.h> 򻲾Ȥ뤳ȡ(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_SETREGS, PTRACE_SETFPREGS
줾졢ҥץѥ쥸ư쥸
ƥץ \fIdate\fP ΰ֤饳ԡ롣
PTRACE_POKEUSER Ʊͤˡѥ쥸ˤäƤ
ѹػߤƤ礬롣 (\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_CONT
ߤҥץμ¹ԤƳ롣⤷ \fIdata\fP Ǥʤ
SIGSTOP Ǥʤлҥץ륷ʥȲᤵ롣
 SIGSTOP ξϥʥʤ
Ȥȡ㤨Сƥץ
ҥץ줿ʥºݤ뤫ɤ
椹뤳ȤǤ롣(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_SYSCALL, PTRACE_SINGLESTEP
PTRACE_CONT ƱͤߤҥץƳ롣
PTRACE_SYSCALL ξϻҥץ
˥ƥॳ뤫ƥॳ뤫ȴ뤫ˡ
PTRACE_SINGLESTEP ξ 1 ̿ (instruction) ¹ԤȤ
ߤ褦ˤ롣
(̾ɤꡢҥץϥʥäˤߤ롣)
ƥץ鸫ȡҥץ SIGTRAP 
ߤ褦˸롣Τᡢ㤨 PTRACE_SYSCALL Ȥȡ
1ܤߤǰĴ٤ PTRACE_SYSCALL ¹Ԥ
2ܤߤǥƥॳ֤ͤĴ٤롢
Ȥ褦ʤȤǤ롣(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_KILL
ҥץ SIGKILL 꽪λ롣(\fIaddr\fP  \fIdata\fP 
̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_ATTACH
.I pid
ǻꤵ줿ץ³ (attach) 򸽺ߤΥץ
ҥץȤƥȥ졼Ǥ褦ˤ롣ҥץ PTRACE_TRACEME
Τ褦˿񤦡ߤΥץϤΤۤȤɤŪˤơ
λҥץμºݤοƤˤʤ롣(㤨лҥץΥ٥Ȥ
ΤȤäꡢ
.BR ps (1)
ǿƤȤɽ줿ꤹ롣) ҥץ
.BR getppid (2)
¹Ԥˤϸοƥץ PID ֤롣
ҥץˤ SIGSTOP 뤬θƤӽФλޤǤ
ɬߤȤϸ¤ʤҥץߤԤĤˤ
.BR wait
Ѥ뤳ȡ(\fIaddr\fP  \fIdata\fP ̵뤵롣)
.TP
PTRACE_DETACH
PTRACE_CONT ƱͤߤҥץƳ롣
ޤΥץʬΥ (detach) Ԥʤ
PTRACE_ATTACH ǤοƤڤ괹ˤ̤
PTRACE_TRACEME θ̤äտޤΤǤϤʤ
Linux Ǥϡȥ졼ƤҥץϤɤΤ褦ˡǥȥ졼
Ϥ줿ȤƤ⡢ˡʬΥ (detach) 뤳ȤǤ롣
(\fIaddr\fP ̵뤵롣)
.SH 
.B ptrace
ΰϾΤ褦ʥץȥפ˴ŤƲᤵ뤬
GNU libc ǤϸߤΤȤ
.B ptrace
 \fIrequest\fP βѰδؿȤƤ롣
ɬפʤлĤΰϾάǽǤ뤳Ȥ̣뤬

.BR gcc (1)
ʸƤʤưѤƤ뤳Ȥˤʤ롣
.LP
.BR init (8) 
ʤ PID  1 Υץϥȥ졼뤳ȤǤʤ
.LP
 USER ΰƤ֤ OS ȡƥ㤴Ȥ
ͭǤ롣
.LP
֥ (word) פ礭 OS ˤäƷޤ롣
(㤨С32 ӥåȤ Linux Ǥ 32 ӥåȤǤ롢ʤɡ)
.LP
ȥ졼뤳Ȥˤäƥȥ졼ץư˺٤ʰ㤤
뤳Ȥ롣㤨Сץ PTRACE_ATTACH ˤä³줿
ˤϡΥץߤǤοƤ
.BR wait
ȤäΤ뤳ȤǤʤƤΨ褯
Τ򿿻ˡʤ
.LP
Υޥ˥奢ϸߤ Linux ˤ
.B ptrace
ưˤĤƵҤƤ롣¾ Unix Ǥ
ưۤʤ롣
ʤ
.B ptrace
Ȥ OS 䥢ƥ˰¸Τˤʤ롣
.LP
SunOS Υޥ˥奢롦ڡˤ
.B ptrace
ϡäԲIJפȵҤƤꡢޤǤ롣
Solaris 2 Ǥ proc ١
ǥХåΥ󥿡եȤ
.B ptrace
ξ̸ߴؿ졢궯ϤǰΤΤȤʤäƤ롣
.SH ֤
硢PTRACE_PEEK*ˤĤƤ׵ᤷǡ֤
ʳˤĤƤ 0 ֤
顼ξ \-1 ֤
.IR errno (3)
Ŭڤꤵ롣
PTRACE_PEEK* ֤ͤ⡡\-1 ˤʤ뤳Ȥ뤿ᡢ
Τ褦׵ξ硢ƤӽФ
.I errno
Ĵ١顼ȯΤɤȽǤʤФʤʤ
.SH 顼
.TP
.B EBUSY
(i386 Τ) ǥХå쥸γݤޤϲǥ顼ȯ
.TP
.B EFAULT
ƥץޤϻҥץΥΰɤ߽񤭤褦Ȥ
餯ΰ褬ޥåԥ󥰤Ƥʤ
ΰؤΥƤʤǤ롣
ԱʤȤˡLinuxǤϤΤ褦ʥեȤξ
¿쾯ʤŪ EIO ֤ EFAULT ֤ꤹ롣
.TP
.B EIO
\fIrequest\fP Ǥ롣
ޤϡƥץޤϻҥץΥ
ΰɤ߽񤭤褦Ȥ
ޤϡɶȿä
ޤϡ¹ԺƳ׵ʥʥꤷ
.TP
.B EPERM
ꤷץȥ졼뤳ȤǤʤϿƥץ
ɬפʸ (ɬפʥѥӥƥ
.BR CAP_SYS_PTRACE )
äƤʤȤξ礬롣
ʬ䤹ͳ󤲤ʤ顢
롼ȤǤʤץϥʥʤץϥȥ졼Ǥʤ
setuid/setgid ץ¹ԤƤץϥȥ졼Ǥʤ
뤤ϡץϤǤ˥ȥ졼Ǥ롢
ޤ
.BR init (8)
ץ (pid  1) Ǥ롣
.TP
.B ESRCH
ꤷץ¸ߤʤ
ޤϡꤷץϸƤӽФץ
ߥȥ졼ƤҥץǤϤʤ
ޤϡꤷץߤƤʤ (ߤƤ뤳Ȥɬפ׵ξ)
.SH 
SVr4, SVID EXT, AT&T, X/OPEN, BSD 4.3
.SH Ϣ
.BR gdb (1),
.BR strace (1),
.BR execve (2),
.BR fork (2),
.BR signal (2),
.BR wait (2),
.BR exec (3),
.BR capabilities (7)