.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
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.\" (c) 1993 by Thomas Koenig (ig25@rz.uni-karlsruhe.de)
.\"
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.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
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.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
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.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
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.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\" License.
.\"
.\" Modified Sat Jul 24 13:30:06 1993 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified Sun Aug 21 17:42:42 1994 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\"          (Thanks to Koen Holtman <koen@win.tue.nl>)
.\" Modified Wed May 17 15:54:12 1995 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\"           To remove *'s from status in macros (Thanks to Michael Shields).
.\" Modified as suggested by Nick Duffek <nsd@bbc.com>, aeb, 960426
.\" Modified Mon Jun 23 14:09:52 1997 by aeb - add EINTR.
.\" Modified Thu Nov 26 02:12:45 1998 by aeb - add SIGCHLD stuff.
.\" Modified Mon Jul 24 21:37:38 2000 by David A. Wheeler
.\"          <dwheeler@dwheeler.com> - noted thread issues.
.\" Modified 26 Jun 01 by Michael Kerrisk
.\"          Added __WCLONE, __WALL, and __WNOTHREAD descriptions
.\" Modified 2001-09-25, aeb
.\" Modified 26 Jun 01 by Michael Kerrisk, <mtk16@ext.canterbury.ac.nz>
.\"	Updated notes on setting disposition of SIGCHLD to SIG_IGN
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Tue Mar  4 00:14:47 JST 1997
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Modified Mon Sep 23 21:33:23 JST 2000
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated Mon Jun 25 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Mon Oct 15 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Thu Dec 13 JST 2001 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Wed Oct 21 JST 2002 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Mon Jan 27 JST 2003 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated Fri Sep 12 JST 2003 by Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\"
.\"WORD:	signal handling		ʥ
.\"WORD:	suspend			(suspend)
.\"WORD:	zombie			(zombie)
.\"WORD:	child process		ҥץ
.\"WORD:	process group		ץ롼
.\"WORD:	process group ID	ץ롼ID
.\"WORD:	stop			(stop)
.\"WORD:	effective user ID	¸桼ID
.\"WORD:	block			ػ(block)
.\"
.TH WAIT 2  2000-07-24 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
wait, waitpid \- ץνλԤ
.SH 
.B #include <sys/types.h>
.br
.B #include <sys/wait.h>
.sp
.BI "pid_t wait(int *" "status" );
.br
.BI "pid_t waitpid(pid_t " pid ", int *" status ", int " options );
.SH 
.B wait
ؿϥȥץμ¹Ԥ (suspend) 
ҥץλ (exit) 뤫
ȥץ˥ץλ륷ʥ
ʥϥɥؿ (signal handling function) ƤӽФ
ʥ뤬뤫ޤԤġ
⤷ƤӽФ˴˻ҥץλƤ
( "(zombie)" ץ) ˤϤδؿϤ֤롣
ҥץˤäƻѤƤƥ񸻤Ʋ롣

.B waitpid
ؿϥȥץμ¹Ԥ (suspend) 

.I pid
ǻꤷҥץλ (exit) 뤫
ȥץ˥ץλ륷ʥ
ʥϥɥؿ (signal handling function) ƤӽФ
ʥ뤬뤫ޤԤġ
⤷ƤӽФ˴

.I pid
ǻꤷҥץλƤ
( "(zombie)" ץ) ˤϤδؿϤ֤롣
ҥץˤäƻѤƤƥ񸻤Ʋ롣

.I pid
ͤϼΤΤ줫Ǥ:
.IP "< \-1"
ϥץ롼 (process group) ID 
.I pid
ͤҥץΤ줫λޤǤԤĤȤ̣롣
.IP \-1
ϻҥץΤɤ줫λޤԤĤȤ̣; 
.B wait
ο񤤤ƱǤ롣
.IP 0
ϥץ롼 ID ƤӽФץΤΤ
ҥץԤĤȤ̣롣
.IP "> 0"
ϥץID  
.I pid
ҥץԤĤȤ̣롣
.PP
.I options
ͤϼΤ 0 İʾ¤Ǥ:
.TP
.B WNOHANG
Ϥ⤷ԤĤ٤ҥץ¸ߤʤˤϤ֤뤳Ȥ̣롣
.TP
.B WUNTRACED
ϡҥץ (stop) Ƥ (ȥ졼Ƥʤä) ˤ
֤뤳Ȥ̣롣 (status) 𤵤ʤ
ߤȥ졼λҥץξ֤
ΥץʤǤ𤵤롣
.PP
(Linux ѥץˤĤƤϸҤ)
.PP
⤷
.I status
 
.B NULL 
ǤʤʤС
.B wait
ޤ
.B waitpid

.I status
ǻꤵ줿˾־Ǽ롣

ξ֤ϰʲΥޥȤäɾǤ(Υޥϰ
 \(em ֥ХåեؤΥݥ󥿡Ǥʤ \(em ֥Хåե
(\fBint\fR) ):
.TP
.BI WIFEXITED( status )
ϻҥץ˽λ˿֤
ˡפȤϡexit() ޤ _exit() ƤӽФ뤫
main() ֤뤫ؤ
.TP
.BI WEXITSTATUS( status )
Ͻλҥץ֤ͤβ 8 ӥåȤ֤
֤ͤȤϡ exit()  _exit() ΰȤꤵ줿͡
 main ץ return ʸǰȤͿ줿ͤؤ
Υޥ
.B WIFEXITED
֤ˤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.BI WIFSIGNALED( status )
ϻҥץ(catch)Ƥʤʥˤäƽλ˿֤
.TP
.BI WTERMSIG( status )
ϻҥץλʥֹ֤Υޥ
.B WIFSIGNALED
 0 ʳ֤ˤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.BI WIFSTOPPED( status )
 wait ֤븶Ȥʤäҥץ (stop) Ƥ
˿֤
.BR WUNTRACED
Ѥ wait ƤӽФ줿硢ޤϻҥץȥ졼Ƥ
.RB ( ptrace (2)
) ˤΤߤꤦ롣
.TP
.BI WSTOPSIG( status )
ϻҥץߤʥֹ֤Υޥ
.B WIFSTOPPED
 0 ʳ֤ˤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.LP
Ĥ Unix ΥС(㤨 Linux  Solaris Ϥ
AIX  SunOS ƤϤޤʤ)Ǥ
.BI WCOREDUMP( status )
ޥƤ롣ϻҥץ core Ϥɤ
Ĵ٤Τ˻Ѥ롣ɬ #ifdef WCOREDUMP ... #endif dzäƻѤ뤳ȡ
.SH ֤
λҥץΥץ ID ֤롣

.B WNOHANG
ѤƤƳҥץ¸ߤʤˤ 0 
顼ξ \-1 ֤ (ξˤ
.I errno
Ŭڤꤵ) 
.SH 顼
.TP
.B ECHILD
.I pid
ǻꤷץ¸ߤʤƤӽФץλҥץǤʤ
(SIGCHLD Υ (action)  SIG_IGN ꤷˤ
ʬȤλҥץǤⵯꤦ롣
åɤ˴ؤƤϡLinux Ǥաפ⻲Ȥ뤳ȡ)
.TP
.B EINVAL
.I options
Ǥ롣
.TP
.B EINTR
.B WNOHANG
ꤵƤʤƶػ(block)Ƥʤʥ
.B SIGCHLD

.SH 
Single Unix Specification ˤ (Linux ǤϥݡȤƤʤ)
SA_NOCLDWAIT ե饰ˤĤƤεҤ롣Υե饰ꤵƤ뤫
SIGCHLD ưȤ SIG_IGN ꤵ줿ˤϡ
λҥץϥӤˤʤ뤳Ȥʤ
.BR wait ()

.BR waitpid ()
ƤӽФȻҥץλޤ(block)롣
.I errno
 ECHILD ꤵƼԤ롣
.LP
ȤȤ POSIX ɸ SIGCHLD  SIG_IGN ꤷο񤤤
̤ΤޤޤˤƤ롣
SUSv2  POSIX 1003.1-2001 ޤऽθɸǤ
ο񤤤 XSI 򥪥ץǵҤƤΤƱͤ˵ꤷƤ롣
Linux ϰʲ˵Ҥ 2 ĤΥݥȤ 2 ܤˤϽ򤷤Ƥʤ
SIGCHLD ̵뤵֤
.BR wait "() ޤ " waitpid ()
ƤӽФ줿硢SIGCHLD ̵뤵ƤʤΤ褦˿񤦡
ĤޤꡢƤӽФˤäƼλҥץνλޤǥ֥å졢
λҥץ PID Ⱦ֤֤롣
.SH "Linux Ǥ"
Linux ͥǤϡͥˤäƥ塼뤵륹åɤ
ץΤ˶̤Ǥ빽ǤǤϤʤåɤ Linux ͭ
.BR clone (2)
ƥࡦѤñʥץ˲᤮ʤ
.BR pthread_create (3)
Τ褦¾ΰܿΤ롼
.BR clone (2)
ѤƼƤ롣
Linux 2.4 ǤϡåɤñüʥץǤäΤǡ
㤨Ʊåɥ롼פǤäƤ⡢
륹åɤ¾ΥåɤλҥץλΤԤĤȤϽʤä
POSIX ǤϤΤ褦ʵǽꤷƤꡢ
Linux 2.4 ʹߤǤϡ륹åɤƱåɥ롼פ¾Υåɤ
ҶλΤԤĤȤǤ褦ˤʤä
ƾϤ줬ǥեȤưˤʤǤ
.LP
.BR clone (2)
Ѥƺ줿Ҷˤϡʲ Linux ͭ
.I options
ѤǤ롣
.TP
.B __WCLONE
.\" since 0.99pl10
"clone" λҶԤġ
ꤵʤä "clone" λҶԤ
("clone" λҶʥȯʤ
ޤϽλ˿Ƥ
.B SIGCHLD
ʳ 1 Υʥ뤷ȯʤ)
Υץ
.B __WALL
ꤵƤ̵뤵롣
.TP
.B __WALL
.\" since patch-2.3.48
(Linux 2.4 ʹ) clone Ǥ뤫ʤ˴ؤ餺
ƤλҶԤġ
.TP
.B __WNOTHREAD
.\" since patch-2.4.0-test8
(Linux 2.4 ʹ) Ʊåɥ롼פ¾ΥåɤλҶԤʤ
 Linux 2.4 ΥǥեȤǤ롣
.SH 
SVr4, POSIX.1
.SH Ϣ
.BR clone (2),
.BR ptrace (2),
.BR signal (2),
.BR wait4 (2),
.BR pthread_create (3),
.BR signal (7)