.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\" $Id: packet.7,v 1.12 2001/06/19 07:07:38 argrath Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1999-12-06, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2001-02-13, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2005-02-21, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD		physical layer		ʪ
.\"WORD		link level header(s)	󥯥٥إå
.\"WORD		phyxical header(s)	ʪإå
.\"WORD		effective user id	¸桼 id
.\"WORD		capability		ѥӥƥ
.\"WORD		pending error		ٱ䥨顼
.\"WORD		promiscuous mode	̵̥⡼
.\"
.TH PACKET  7 1999-04-29 "Linux Man Page" "Linux Programmer's Manual" 
.SH ̾
packet, PF_PACKET \- ǥХ٥Υѥåȥ󥿡ե
.SH 
.nf
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.B #include <netpacket/packet.h>
.br
.B #include <net/ethernet.h>	/* the L2 protocols */
.sp
.BI "packet_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, int " socket_type ", int "protocol ); 
.fi
.SH 
packet åȤϡǥХɥ饤 (OSI 쥤 2) ٥
Υѥå (raw packet) 뤿Ѥ롣
packet åȤȤȡ桼֤ʪؤξ
ץȥ⥸塼뤳ȤǤ롣

.I socket_type
ˤ
.B SOCK_RAW

.B SOCK_DGRAM
Τ줫ꤹ롣
.B SOCK_RAW
ϥ󥯥٥إåޤ raw ѥåȤ
.B SOCK_DGRAM
ϥ󥯥٥إå줿ùѤߥѥåȤ򼨤
󥯥٥إå
.B sockaddr_ll
Ƕ̤ΥեޥåȤǤ롣
.I protocol
ˤ IEEE 802.3 ץȥֹ
ͥåȥХȥǻꤹ롣
ǤץȥΥꥹȤϡ󥯥롼ɥե
.B <linux/if_ether.h>
򻲾ȡץȥ
.B htons(ETH_P_ALL)
ˤȡƤΥץȥ뤬롣
褿ѥåȤΤꤷץȥΤΤϡ
ͥ˼ƤץȥϤʳǡ
packet åȤϤ롣

packet åȤ򥪡ץǤΤϡ
¸桼ID  0 Υץ
.B CAP_NET_RAW
ѥӥƥĥץǤ롣

.B SOCK_RAW
ѥåȤǤϡѥåȤǥХɥ饤ФȼϤݡ
ѥåȥǡѹԤ뤳ȤϤʤ
ѥåȤμˤϡɥ쥹βϤϹԤ졢
ɸŪ
.B sockaddr_ll
ɥ쥹¤ΤϤ롣ѥåȤˤϡ桼ꤹ
ХåեʪؤΥإåޤޤƤɬפ롣
ѥåȤϤΤޤ޽ˡԤ襢ɥ쥹ꤵ
󥿡եΥͥåȥɥ饤Ф˥塼󥰤롣
ǥХɥ饤ФˤäƤϡ¾ΥإåɲäΤ⤢롣
.B SOCK_RAW
 Linux 2.0  obosolete 
.B SOCK_PACKET
ȻƤ뤬ߴ櫓ǤϤʤ

.B SOCK_DGRAM
Ϥ̤Υ٥ư롣ʪإåϡѥåȤ桼
Ϥ˺롣
.B SOCK_DGRAM
 packet åȤ̤ѥåȤϡ
.B sockaddr_ll
ιԤ襢ɥ쥹ξ˴ŤŬڤʪؤΥإåղäƤ顢
塼롣

ǥեȤǤϡꤷץȥ뷿ΥѥåȤϤ٤ packet
åȤ롣Υ󥿡եΥѥåȤ
ˤϡ
.B struct sockaddr_ll
˥ɥ쥹ꤷ
.BR bind (2)
Ƥӡ packet åȤ򤽤Υ󥿡ե˷դ (Хɤ)
Хɤκݤˤϡɥ쥹եɤΤ
.B sll_protocol

.B sll_ifindex
Ѥ롣

.BR connect (2)
 packet åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ

.B MSG_TRUNC
ե饰
.BR recvmsg (2),
.BR recv (2),
.BR recvfrom (2)
Ϥȡ (Хåե礭äȤƤ) ˼ºݤ̿줿
ѥåȤĹ֤롣

.SH ɥ쥹Υ
sockaddr_ll ϥǥХ˰¸ʤʪؤΥɥ쥹Ǥ롣

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct sockaddr_ll {
	unsigned short	sll_family;	/*  AF_PACKET */
	unsigned short	sll_protocol;	/* ʪؤΥץȥ */
	int	sll_ifindex;	/* 󥿡եֹ */
	unsigned short	sll_hatype;	/* إå */	
	unsigned char	sll_pkttype;	/* ѥåȼ */
	unsigned char	sll_halen;	/* ɥ쥹Ĺ */ 
	unsigned char	sll_addr[8];	/* ʪؤΥɥ쥹 */
};
.ta
.fi
.RE

.B sll_protocol
ɸŪʥͥåȥץȥΥפǡ
ͥåȥХȥǵҤ롣
󥯥롼ɥե
.B linux/if_ether.h
Ƥ롣
줬ΥåȤΥץȥΥǥեȤȤʤ롣

.B sll_ifindex
ϤΥ󥿡ե interface index Ǥ
.RB ( netdevice (7)
򻲾) 0 ǤդΥ󥿡ե˥ޥå (ХɻΤͭ)

.B sll_hatype
ϡ󥯥롼ɥե
.B linux/if_arp.h
Ƥ ARP ̤Ǥ롣

.B sll_pkttype
ϥѥåȼ̤Ǥ롣Ǥ̤ϰʲΤ줫Ǥ:
.B PACKET_HOST
(ۥȸΥѥå)
.B PACKET_BORADCAST
(ʪؤΥ֥ɥ㥹ȥѥå)
.B PACKET_MULTICAST
(ʪؤΥޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ѥå)
.B PACKET_OTHERHOST
(¾ΥۥȤ˸줿ѥåȤΤ
̵̥⡼ (promiscuous mode: ) ΥǥХɥ饤Фˤ­줿)
.B PACKET_OUTGOING
(ۥȤȯ졢
packet åȤ˥롼ץХåƤѥå)
μ̤̣ĤΤϼΤߤǤ롣

.B sll_addr

.B sll_halen
ϡʪؤ (Ĥޤ IEEE 802.3 ) ɥ쥹ȤĹǤ롣
̩ʲϥǥХ˰¸롣

ѥåȤϡ
.BR sll_family ,
.BR sll_addr ,
.BR sll_halen ,
.B sll_ifindex
ꤹнʬǤ롣
¾Υեɤ 0 ˤƤ٤Ǥ롣
.B sll_hatype

.B sll_pkttype
ˤϼѥåȤξꤵ롣
Хɤκݤˤϡ
.B sll_protocol

.B sll_ifindex
Ѥ롣

.SH åȥץ
packet åȤϡʪؤΥޥ㥹Ȥ
̵̥⡼ (promiscuous mode) ꤷƻȤȤǤ롣
ˤ SOL_PACKET ȰʲΥץΤ줫ꤷ
.BR setsockopt (2)
Ƥ٤Ф褤
Хɤɲä 
.B PACKET_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ǥꡢ
.B PACKET_DROP_MEMBERSHIP
Ǥ롣Ϥ
.B packet_mreq
¤Τ˼롣

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct packet_mreq
{
	int	mr_ifindex;	/* 󥿡եֹ */
	unsigned short	mr_type;	/* ư */
	unsigned short	mr_alen;	/* ɥ쥹Ĺ */
	unsigned char	mr_address[8];	/* ʪؤΥɥ쥹 */ 
};
.ta
.fi
.RE 

.B mr_ifindex
ϡơѹ󥿡ե
󥿡եֹǤ롣
.B mr_type
ѥ᡼ϼ¹Ԥưꤹ:
.B PACKET_MR_PROMISC
ϡͭƤΤƤΥѥåȤǤ褦ˤ
(Ф ``̵̥⡼ (promiscuous mode)'' ȸƤФ)
.B PACKET_MR_MULTICAST
ϡΥåȤ
.B mr_address

.B mr_alen
ǻꤵʪؤΥޥ㥹ȥ֥롼פ˥Хɤ롣
.B PACKET_MR_ALLMULTI
 socket  up ˤơΥ󥿡եã٤Ƥ
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤǤ褦ˤ롣

Τ餢 ioctl Ǥʤ
.BR SIOCSIFFLAGS ,
.BR SIOCADDMULTI , 
.B SIOCDELMULTI
ƱŪѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.SH IOCTL
.B SIOCGSTAMP
ѤȡǸ˼ѥåȤΥॹפ뤳ȤǤ롣

.B struct timeval
Ǥ롣

ˡ
.BR netdevice (7)

.BR socket (7)
Ƥɸ ioctl Ϥ
packet åȤ˻ǽǤ롣

.SH 顼
packet åȤϡѥåȤǥХɥ饤ФϤȤ
顼ʤٱ䥨顼 (pending error)
˴ؤ복ǰϻäƤʤ
.SH ܿ
Linux 2.0 Ǥϡ packet åȤˡ
.BI "socket(PF_INET, SOCK_PACKET, " protocol )\fR
Ƥ֤ʤäˡϤޤݡȤƤ뤬
ѤʤȤ򶯤侩롣ߤˡȤμʰ㤤ϡ
.B SOCK_PACKET
Ǥϥ󥿡եλ˸Ť
.B struct sockaddr_pkt
ѤǤ롣ˤʪؤΩʤ

.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 20n 35n
struct sockaddr_pkt
{
	unsigned short	spkt_family;
	unsigned char	spkt_device[14];
	unsigned short	spkt_protocol;
};
.ta
.fi
.RE

.B spkt_family
ϥǥХΥס
.B spkt_protocol

.B <sys/if_ether.h>
Ƥ IEEE 802.3 ץȥ륿ס
.B spkt_device
ϥǥХ̾ NULL ü줿ʸͿ (: eth0) Ǥ롣

ι¤Τ obsolete Ǥꡢ
ɤ񤯻ˤѤ٤Ǥʤ
.SH 
ܿɬפʥץǤϡ
.BR pcap (3)
ͳ
.B PF_PACKET
Ѥ뤳Ȥ᤹롣ˡǤ
.B PF_PACKET
εǽ٤ƤѤ뤳ȤϤǤʤ

.B SOCK_DGRAM
packet åȤϡIEEE 802.3 ե졼 IEEE 802.2 LLC إå
ϤԤȤʤ
.B ETH_P_802_3
ץȥ˻ꤵȡͥ 802.3 ե졼
 length եɤ˽񤭹ࡣ
˽򤷤ѥåȤ뤿ˤϥ桼 LLC إå
Ϳɬפ롣夷 802.3 ѥåȤǤϡ
DSAP/SSAP protocol γƥեɤ¿Ų (multiplex) Ƥʤ
ˤ LLC إå֤줿
.B ETH_P_802_2
ץȥȤͿ롣äơ
.B ETH_P_802_3
˥Хɤ뤳ȤϤǤʤ
.B ETH_P_802_2
˥ХɤʬȤǥץȥ¿ŲԤȡ
ΥǥեȤϡץȥեɤ
ɸ Ethernet DIX encapsulation Ǥ롣

packet åȤϤ firewall chain ˱ƶ򤦤ʤ
.SH 顼
.TP
.B ENETDOWN
󥿡ե up Ǥʤ
.TP
.B ENOTCONN
󥿡եɥ쥹Ϥʤä
.TP
.B ENODEV
ǥХ̾뤤ϥ󥿡եɥ쥹ǻꤵ줿
󥿡եǥå
.TP
.B EMSGSIZE
ѥåȤ󥿡ե MTU 礭
.TP
.B ENOBUFS
ѥåȤ˳Ƥ꤬­ʤ
.TP
.B EFAULT
桼Ϥꥢɥ쥹
.TP
.B EINVAL

.TP
.B ENXIO
󥿡եɥ쥹ʥ󥿡եǥåޤޤƤ롣
.TP
.B EPERM
ԤΤɬפʸ¤桼äƤʤ
.TP
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
ʥޥ㥹ȥ롼ץɥ쥹Ϥ줿
.TP
.B ENOENT
ѥåȤĤƤʤ

嵭ʳΥ顼٥Υɥ饤Ф뤳Ȥ롣
.SH С
.B PF_PACKET
 Linux 2.2 οǽǤ롣ŤС Linux Ǥ
.B SOCK_PACKET
Τߤ򥵥ݡȤƤ
.SH Х
glibc 2.1 ˤ
.B SOL_PACKET
ʤȤƤϡʲΤ褦ˤȤ褤
.RS
.nf
#ifndef SOL_PACKET
#define SOL_PACKET 263
#endif
.fi
.RE
ϿС glibc ǤϽƤ롣
libc5 ΥƥˤϤϤʤ

IEEE 802.2/803.3  LLC ΰϡХȹͤƤɤ

åȥե륿ˤĤƵܤƤʤ

.I MSG_TRUNC
recvmsg ĥˤޤнǤꡢå֤٤Ǥ롣
ΤȤ SOCK_DGRAM ͳǥѥåȤˤĤƤ襢ɥ쥹ˡʤ

.SH 
󥯥롼ɥե
.I <netpacket/packet.h>
¸ߤΤ glibc2.1 ʹߤǤ롣
ΥƥǤϰʲΤ褦ˤɬפ:
.sp
.nf
.B #include <asm/types.h>
.br
.B #include <linux/if_packet.h>
.br
.B #include <linux/if_ether.h>  /* The L2 protocols */
.br
.fi
.\" .SH 
.\"  man ڡ Matthew Wilcox νϤΤȤ Andi Kleen 񤤤
.\" Linux 2.2  PF_PACKET ϡ
.\" Alan Cox ΥɤȤˤ Alexey Kuznetsov 
.SH Ϣ
.BR socket (2),
.BR pcap (3),
.BR capabilities (7),
.BR ip (7),
.BR raw (7),
.BR socket (7)

ɸ IP Ethernet encapsulation ˴ؤ RFC 894 ˤ롣

IEEE 802.3 IP encapsulation ˴ؤ RFC 1700 ˤ롣

ʪؤΥץȥ˴ؤ뵭Ҥ
.I <linux/if_ether.h>
󥯥롼ɥեˤ롣