'\" t
.\" Don't change the first line, it tells man that we need tbl.
.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" and copyright (c) 1999 Matthew Wilcox. 
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\"
.\" 2002-10-30, Michael Kerrisk, <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
.\"	Added description of SO_ACCEPTCONN
.\" 2004-05-20, aeb, added SO_RCVTIMEO/SO_SNDTIMEO text.
.\" Modified, 27 May 2004, Michael Kerrisk <mtk-manpages@gmx.net>
.\"     Added notes on capability requirements
.\"	A few small grammar fixes
.\" 
.\" FIXME: probably all PF_* shouls be AF_* in this page, since
.\"        POSIX only specifies the latter values.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1999-12-06, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2003-01-20, Akihiro Motoki <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-02-23, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\"
.\"WORD         protocol family         ץȥեߥ꡼
.\"WORD         socket type             åȥ
.\"WORD         file descriptor         եǥץ
.\"WORD         anonymous socket        ̵̾å
.\"WORD         asynchronous            Ʊ (Ū)
.\"WORD         credential              Ǥ
.\"WORD         capability              
.\"WORD         ancillary data          ǡ
.\"
.TH SOCKET 7 2004-05-27 "Linux 2.6.6" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
socket \- Linux Υåȥ󥿡ե
.SH 
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.IB mysocket " = socket(int " socket_family ", int " socket_type ", int " protocol );
.SH 
Υޥ˥奢ڡ Linux ͥåȥΥåؤФ
桼󥿡ե򵭽ҤΤǤ롣
BSD ߴåȤϡ桼ץȥͥ
ͥåȥץȥ륹åȤδ֤ˡ
Ūʥ󥿡ե󶡤ΤǤ롣
ץȥ⥸塼
.I "ץȥեߥ꡼ (protocol familiy)"
(㡧
.BR PF_INET ", " PF_IPX ", " PF_PACKET )

.I "åȥ (socket types)"
(㡧
.BR SOCK_STREAM ", " SOCK_DGRAM )
ʬǤ롣
˴ؤܤ
.BR socket (2)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.SH åؤδؿ
δؿϥ桼ץѥåȤꡢ¾Υå
Ԥäꤹ뤿Ѥ롣ܺ٤Ϥ줾Υޥ˥奢ڡ
Ƥۤ

.BR socket (2)
ϥåȤ롣
.BR connect (2)
ϥåȤ⡼ȤΥåȥɥ쥹³롣
.BR bind (2)
ϥåȤΥåȥɥ쥹˥Хɤ롣
.BR listen (2)
ϥåȤ˿³褿褦
.BR accept (2)
ϳäƤ³ФƿåȤ뤿Ѥ롣
.BR socketpair (2)
ϸߤ³줿Ĥ̵̾å (anonymous socket) ֤
.RB ( PF_UNIX
Τ褦ʡĤΥʥեߥ꡼ǤƤʤ)
.PP
.BR send (2),
.BR sendto (2),
.BR sendmsg (2)
ϥåȤ̤ƥǡ
.BR recv (2)
.BR recvfrom (2),
.BR recvmsg (2)
ϥåȤǡ롣
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
ϥǡԤäꡢǡνǤޤԤäꤹ롣
ˡ
.BR write (2),
.BR writev (2),
.BR sendfile (2),
.BR read (2),
.BR readv (2) 
Τ褦ɸŪ I/O ǡɤ߽񤭤Ѥ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR getsockbyname (2)
ϥΥåȥɥ쥹֤
.BR getpeername (2)
ϥ⡼ȤΥåȥɥ쥹֤
.BR getsockopt (2)

.BR setsockopt (2)
ϥåؤΥץץȥ륪ץμѤ롣
¾ΤĤΥץμˤ
.BR ioctl (2)
ȤȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR close (2)
ϥåȤ򥯥롣
.BR shutdown (2)
Ťʥå³ʬŪ˥롣
.PP
ư䡢 0 ʳΰ֤Ф
.BR pread (2)

.BR pwrite (2)
ϥåȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.PP
֥å󥰤 IO 򥽥åȤǹԤȤϲǽǡ
.BR fcntl (2)
ȤäƥåȤΥեǥץ
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰򥻥åȤɤ
ȥ֥åϡ (̾)
.B EAGAIN
顼뤳Ȥˤʤ
(ǽƻԤ뤳ȤԤƤ)
.BR connect (2)
Ǥ
.B EINPROGRESS
顼֤롣
ξ硢桼Ϥޤޤʥ٥Ȥ
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
ȤäԤĤȤǤ롣
.PP
.TS
tab(:) allbox;
c s s
l l l.
I/O ٥
٥:poll ե饰:
Read:POLLIN:T{
ǡ夷
T}
Read:POLLIN:T{
(³ָΥåȤ)
³꤬λ
T}
Read:POLLHUP:T{
³׵᤬줿
T}
Read:POLLHUP:T{
³줿 (³ָΥץȥΤ)
ξ硢åȤ˽񤭹ߤԤ
.B SIGPIPE
롣
T}
Write:POLLOUT:T{
åȤˤϿǡ񤭹Τ
ʬʥХåեΰ褬롣
T}
Read/Write:T{
POLLIN|
.br
POLLOUT
T}:T{

.BR connect (2)
λ
T}
Read/Write:POLLERR:T{
ƱŪ (asynchronous) ʥ顼ä
T}
Read/Write:POLLHUP:³褬Ǥ
Exception:POLLPRI:T{
۵ޥǡ (urgent data) 夷
ξ
.B SIGURG
롣
T}
.\" XXX not true currently
.\" It is no I/O event when the connection
.\" is broken from the local end using 
.\" .BR shutdown (2)
.\" or 
.\" .BR close (2)
.\" .
.TE

.PP
poll/select Ȥˡͥ뤫饢ץꥱ
٥ȤΤΤ
.B SIGIO
ʥȤˡ⤢롣
ˡȤˤϡ
.BR fcntl (2)
ѤƥåȤΥեǥץ
.B FASYNC
ե饰򥻥åȤ
.B SIGIO
Фͭʥʥϥɥ
.BR sigaction (2)
ˤäꤷƤɬפ롣
Ҥ
.I ʥ
˴ؤ⻲ͤˤ뤳ȡ
.SH åȥץ
Υåȥץϡ
.BR setsockopt (2)
ѤǤ
.BR getsockopt (2)
ѤмǤ롣
âɤΥåȤξ
åȥ٥ˤ
.B SOL_SOCKET
ꤹ뤳ȡ
.TP
.B SO_KEEPALIVE
³ָΥåȤФ keep-alive åͭˤ롣
֡ͤե饰Ȥ롣
.TP
.B SO_OOBINLINE
ΥץͭˤȡӰ賰ǡ (out-of-band data) 
ǡȥ꡼֤롣ͭˤʤС
Ӱ賰ǡϼ
.B MSG_OOB
ե饰åȤƤ˸¤äϤ롣
.\" ޤ˴ʤȤǤΤǡΥץˤĤƤϵܤʤȡ
.\".B SO_NO_CHECK
.TP
.BR SO_RCVLOWAT "  " SO_SNDLOWAT
Хåեί뤳ȤΤǤǡκǾͤꤹ롣
ΥۤȡåؤϤΥǡץȥϤ
.RB ( SO_SNDLOWAT )
ˤϥ桼Ϥ
.RB ( SO_RCVLOWAT )
Ĥͤ Linux ǤѹǤͿ뤳ȤΤǤ륵
 1 ХȤ˸ꤵƤ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
Ȥäɤ߽ФȤǤ
.BR setsockopt (2)
ԤȾ
.B ENOPROTOOPT
֤롣
.TP
.BR SO_RCVTIMEO "  " SO_SNDTIMEO
.\" 2.0 ǤϼƤʤ
.\" getsockopt ˤĤƤ 2.1.11 Ǽ줿 0 ι¤Τ֤
.\" setsockopt ˤĤƤ 2.3.41 Ǽ졢ºݤ˻ȤƤ롣
ΥॢȤꤹ롣ۤȥ顼𤹤롣
 timeval ¤ΤǤ롣
ϴؿॢȻ֤δ֥֥å졢ĥǡޤ
ԤƤϡž줿ǡ̤ؿ֤ͤȤʤ롣
ǡž줺˥ॢȤãϡ
\-1 ֤
.I errno
 EAGAIN  EWOULDBLOCK ꤵ졢
.\" ºݤˤ EAGAIN ꤵ
⥽åȤ֥å󥰤ꤵ줿褦˸롣
ॢͤ (ǥեͤǤ) 0 ꤹȡ
Ϸ褷ƥॢȤʤʤ롣
.TP
.B SO_BSDCOMPAT
BSD ΥХФƸߴ뤿εǽͭˤ롣
 UDP ץȥ⥸塼ǤΤѤƤꡢ
ϺͽǤ롣
ͭˤʤäƤȡ UDP åȤǼ줿 ICMP 顼
桼ץϤʤ Linux 2.0 ǤϡΥץꤹȡ
raw åȤˤƤ BSD ΥХ (إåѹ
֥ɥ㥹ȥե饰Υå)
ФߴǽͭˤʤäƤ
 Linux 2.2 Ǻ줿
Υե饰ͭˤϡ桼ץۤ˾ޤ
.TP
.B SO_PASSCRED
.B SCM_CREDENTIALS
åμͭ/̵ˤ롣ܺ٤
.BR unix (7)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.TP
.B SO_PEERCRED
ΥåȤ³ƤץοǤ (credential) ֤
.B PF_UNIX
ǤΤͭѤǤ롣
.BR unix (7)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.B ucred
¤ΤǤ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_BINDTODEVICE
ΥåȤ򡢰Ϥ󥿡ե̾ǻꤵ
(\(lqeth0\(rq Τ褦) ΥǥХ˥Хɤ롣
̾ʸäꡢץĹ (optlen)  0 ξˤϡ
åȤΥХɤ롣Ϥץϡ󥿡ե̾
ḁ̈ʸǽü줿ĹʸǤ롣
ʸκΥ
.B IFNAMSIX
Ǥ롣
åȤ󥿡ե˥Хɤȡ
Υ󥿡ե줿ѥåȤ롣
ΥץϤĤΥåȥסä
.B AF_INET
ФƤΤưդ뤳ȡ
ѥåȥåȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ (̾
.BR bind (8)
Ȥ)
.TP
.B SO_DEBUG 
åȤΥǥХåǽͭˤ롣
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
¤ĥץ¸桼 ID  0 ΥץǤ
ѤǤʤ
.TP
.B SO_REUSEADDR
.BR bind (2)
Ϳ줿ɥ쥹ȽǤ롼ǡ
륢ɥ쥹κѤǽˤ롣
Ĥޤ
.B PF_INET
åȤʤ顢Υɥ쥹˥Хɤ줿ƥ֤ listen
֤ΥåȤ¸ߤʤ¤ꡢХɤԤ롣
listen ֤ΥåȤɥ쥹
.B INADDR_ANY
ΥݡȤ˥ХɤƤˤϡ
ΥݡȤФƤϡɤʥ륢ɥ쥹ǤХɤǤʤ
.TP
.B SO_TYPE
åȤΥפǼ (:
.BR SOCK_STREAM )
.BR getsockopt (2)
Τɤ߽ФǽǤ롣
.\" SO_ACCEPTCONN  SUSv3 Ƥꡢ
.\" W R Stevens  UNPv1 ˽񤫤Ƥ
.TP
.B SO_ACCEPTCONN
ΥåȤ
.BR listen (2)
ˤä³Ԥ֤ꤵƤ뤫ɤ򼨤֤ͤ
 0  listen ֤ΥåȤǤʤȤ
 1  listen ֤ΥåȤǤ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.BR getsockopt (2)
Τɤ߽ФǽǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_DONTROUTE
롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥Ѥ襢ɥ쥹Υͥåȥʬ
ꤵƤ륤󥿡եľ롣
.BR send (2)

.B MSG_DONTROUTE
ե饰򥻥åȤƱ̤롣
֡Υե饰롣
.TP
.B SO_BROADCAST
֥ɥ㥹ȥե饰ꡦ롣ͭˤʤäƤȡ
ǡॽåȤϥ֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹줿ѥåȤꡢ
֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹˥ѥåȤǤ褦ˤʤ롣
ȥ꡼ظΥåȤˤϲθ̤ʤ
.TP
.B SO_SNDBUF 
åȤХåեκ祵ꡦ (Хñ)
ǥեȤͤ
.B wmem_default
sysctl ꤵ졢Ƥͤ
.B wmem_max
sysctl ꤵ롣
.TP
.B SO_RCVBUF
åȤμХåեκ祵ꡦ (Хñ)
ǥեȤͤ
.B rmem_default
sysctl ꤵ졢Ƥͤ
.B rmem_max
sysctl ꤵ롣
.TP
.B SO_LINGER
.B SO_LINGER
ץꤹ롣ˤ
.B linger
¤Τ롣
.PP
.RS
.nf
.ta 4n 10n 22n
struct linger {
        int     l_onoff;        /* linger active */
        int     l_linger;       /* how many seconds to linger for */
};
.ta
.fi
.RE
.IP
ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.BR close (2)

.BR shutdown (2)
ϡΥåȤ˥塼󥰤줿å٤λ뤫
linger (Ĥ) ॢȤˤʤޤ֤ʤ̵ˤʤäƤȡ
ΥϤꡢưϥХå饦ɤǹԤ롣
åȤΥ
.BR exit (2)
ΰȤƹԤäˤϡĤäƤ륽åȤ
ưɬХå饦ɤ롣
.TP
.B SO_PRIORITY
ץȥ줿ͥ٤򡢤ΥåȤ
ƤΥѥåȤ˥åȤ롣 Linux ϥͥåȥ塼
ˤͤѤ롣⤤ͥ٤äƤѥåȤ˽롣
ΥǥХΥ塼Τ˰¸롣
.BR ip (7)
ǤϡѥåȤ IP type-of-service (TOS) եɤˤ⤳ͤꤵ롣
0  6 ʳͥ٤򥻥åȤˤ
.B CAP_NET_ADMIN
ѥӥƥɬפǤ롣
.TP
.B SO_ERROR
αˤʤäƤåȥ顼ƥꥢ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǤΤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
ͤȤ롣
.SH ʥ
(⤷ϥ⡼¦) Ǥ줿
³ظ (connection-oriented) ΥåȤФ
񤭹ߤԤȡν񤭹ߤԤäץ
.B SIGPIPE
졢
.B EPIPE
֤롣 write ƤӽФ
.B MSG_NOSIGNAL
ե饰ꤷƤϥʥʤ
.PP
.B FIOSETOWN
fcntl 
.B SIOCSPGRP
ioctl ץޤϥץ롼פ˻ꤷƤȡ
I/O ٥ȤȤ
.B SIGIO
롣
.BR poll (2)

.BR select (2)
򥷥ʥϥɥѤСɤΥåȤǥ٥Ȥä
Τ뤳ȤǤ롣
(Linux 2.2 ˤ) ̤ˡȤƤϡ
.B F_SETSIG
fcntl Ѥƥꥢ륿ॷʥꤹ⤢롣
ꥢ륿ॷʥΥϥɥϡ
.I siginfo_t

.I si_fd
եɤ˥եǥץä֤ǸƤӽФ롣
ܺ٤
.BR fcntl (2)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.PP
ˤäƤ (㤨ʣΥץĤΥåȤ˥Ƥʤ)
.B SIGIO
θȤʤä֤ϡץΥʥؤбԤäȤˤ
äƤޤäƤ뤫⤷ʤ
ξϡץϺƤԤĤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ롣
Linux ƱʥǺ뤫Ǥ롣
.\" .SH ANCILLARY MESSAGES
.SH SYSCTL
core åȤΥͥåȥ sysctl ˥ˤϡ
.B /proc/sys/net/core/*
ե̤ƹԤ
.BR sysctl (2)
Υ󥿡եѤ롣
.TP
.B rmem_default
åȤμХåեΥǥե (Хñ)
.TP
.B rmem_max
.B SO_RCVBUF
åȥץѤƥ桼Ǥ
åȤμХåեκ (Хñ)
.TP
.B wmem_default
åȤХåեΥǥե (Хñ)
.TP
.B wmem_max
.B SO_SNDBUF
åȥץѤƥ桼Ǥ
åȤХåեκ (Хñ)
.TP
.BR message_cost "  " message_burst 
ȡ󡦥Хåȡե륿ꤹ롣
ϳΥͥåȥ٥Ȥˤäư줿
ٸ³ηٹåѤ롣
.\"NAKANO "load limit" Ȼפ...
.TP
.B netdev_max_backlog 
Хϥ塼֤Υѥåȿ
.TP
.B optmem_max
åȤΡǡ (ancillary data) ȥ桼ǡ
(iovecs Τ褦ʤ) Ȥ¤κĹ
.\" netdev_fastroute is not documented because it is experimental
.SH IOCTL
ʲ˼ ioctl ܤˤ
.BR ioctl (2)
ѤƥǤ롣
.RS
.nf
.IB error " = ioctl(" ip_socket ", " ioctl_type ", " &value_result ");"
.fi
.RE
.TP
.B SIOCGSTAMP
Ǹ˥桼Ϥ줿ѥåȤμॹפ
.B struct timeval
֤
 round trip ֤Τ¬ꤿȤǤ롣
.B struct timeval

.BR setitimer (2)
򸫤Ƥۤ
.\"
.TP
.BR SIOCSPGRP
Ʊ I/O νλ۵ޥǡμ
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ʥ뷲ץץ롼פꤹ롣

.B pid_t
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ롣
ȡΥץ˥ʥ뤬롣ȡ
ͤ id ˻ĥץ롼פ˥ʥ뤬롣
ʥˤϡʬȤΥץ / ʬν°ץ롼
Ǥʤâ
.B CAP_KILL
ѥӥƥäƤ硢ڤӼ¸桼 ID  0 Υץξ
θ¤ǤϤʤ
.TP
.B FIOASYNC
.B O_ASYNC
ե饰ѹåȤƱ (asynchronous) IO ⡼ɤ
ͭ/̵ˤ롣Ʊ IO ⡼ɤǤϡ
 I/O ٥ȤȤˡ
.B SIGIO
ʥ
.B F_SETSIG
ꤵ줿ʥ롦åȤȯԤ롣
.IP
ϥ֡Υե饰Ǥ롣
.\"
.TP
.BR SIOCGPGRP
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ȥץץ롼פ롣
ʤ 0 ֤롣
.PP
ͭ fcntl:
.TP
.BR FIOGETOWN
SIOCGPGRP ioctl Ʊ
.TP
.BR FIOSETOWN
SIOCSPGRP ioctl Ʊ
.SH 
Linux ϡХåեȾʬΥͥ빽¤ΤѤȲꤷƤ롣
ä sysctl ϥͥåȤβǤ礭 2 ܤˤʤ롣

Linux ǤϡSO_REUSEADDR ץǥݡȤκѤĤΤϡ
ΥݡȤФ bind() ˼¹ԤץȤΥݡȤ
褦Ȥץξ SO_REUSEADDR åȤ줿ΤߤǤ롣
ư (FreeBSD ʤɤ) ĤμȤϰۤʤ롣Ǥϡ
ǥݡȤѤ褦Ȥץ SO_REUSEADDR ץ
åȤǤ褤
ƤϤΰ㤤ϸʤʤʤ顢㤨ХХץ
ˤΥץ򥻥åȤ褦߷פ뤫Ǥ롣
.SH Х
.B CONFIG_FILTER
åȥץǤ
.B SO_ATTACH_FILTER

.B SO_DETACH_FILTER
ˤĤƵܤƤʤ libpcap 饤֥̤
Ѥɤ
.SH С
.B SO_BINDTODEVICE
 Linux 2.0.30 Ƴ줿
.B SO_PASSCRED
 Linux 2.2 о줷
sysctl  Linux 2.2 о줷
.SH SO_RCVTIMEO

.SH SO_SNDTIMEO
 Linux 2.3.41 ʹߤǥݡȤƤ롣
ϡॢȤϥץȥͭθͤǡ
ɤ߽񤭤򤹤뤳ȤϤǤʤä
.\" .SH 
.\"  man ڡ Andi Kleen 񤤤
.SH Ϣ
.BR getsockopt (2),
.BR setsockopt (2),
.BR socket (2),
.BR capabilities (7),
.BR ddp (7),
.BR ip (7),
.BR packet (7)