'\" t
.\" (The preceding line is a note to broken versions of man to tell
.\" them to pre-process this man page with tbl)
.\" Man page for ps.
.\" Licensed under version 2 of the GNU General Public License.
.\" Modified by Michael K. Johnson from a gross plain-text hack
.\" by Albert Cahalan of Michael's original version.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2000 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Tue Nov 14 2000 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\"
.TH PS 1 "March 11, 1999" "Linux" "Linux User's Manual"
.SH ̾
ps \- ץξ֤𤹤
.SH 
ps [\fIoptions\fP]
.SH 
.B ps
ϸߤΥץΥʥåץåȤͿ롣
ξ֤򷫤֤Ƹ
.BR top (1)
Ѥ뤳ȡ
 man ڡϡ /proc ١ ps ⤹
(褦Ȥ) ΤǤ롣

.SH ޥɥ饤󥪥ץ

ΥС ps դ륪ץˤϤĤμब롣
.br
.RS
Unix98 ץϤޤȤ뤳Ȥǽǡˤϥå֤ʤФʤʤ
.br
BSD ץϤޤȤ뤳Ȥǽǡ˥å֤ƤϤʤʤ
.br
GNU ĹץϡĤΥå֤
.RE
.br
̡μΥץϼͳ˺ߤƤ褤

\f(CWI_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS\fR Ķѿ򥻥åȤȡ
˥å夬֤ƤƤ BSD ץȤƲ᤹褦ˤʤ롣
\f(CWPS_PERSONALITY\fR Ķѿ () 򥻥åȤȡ
ps ο񤤤äȺ٤Ǥ롣
.SS ñʥץ
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
-A	ƤΥץ򤹤
-N	
-a	tty Ĥå꡼Ƥ򤹤
-d	Ƥ򤹤뤬å꡼
-e	ƤΥץ򤹤
T	ΥߥʥƤΥץ򤹤
a	T{
¾Υ桼ΤΤޤᡢΥߥʥƤΥץ򤹤
T}
g	T{
롼ץ꡼ޤᡢƤ򤹤 (SunOS ꤬ʤв⤷ʤ)
T}
r	¹ΥץΤ߽Ϥ
x	üΤʤץ򤹤
--deselect	̵ˤ
.TE

.SS ꥹȤˤץ
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
-C	ޥ̾򤹤
-G	RGID 򤹤 (̾)
-U	RUID 򤹤 (̾)
-g	å꡼ȥ롼̾¤򤹤
-p	PID 򤹤
-s	Ϳå°ץ򤹤
-t	tty 򤹤
-u	¸桼 ID 򤹤 (̾)
U	ꤷ桼Υץ򤹤
p	ץ ID 򤹤
t	tty 򤹤
--Group	¥롼̾ޤ ID 򤹤
--User	¥桼̾ޤ ID 򤹤
--group	¸롼̾ޤ ID 򤹤
--pid	ץ ID 򤹤
--sid	å ID 򤹤
--tty	ü򤹤
--user	¸桼̾ޤ ID 򤹤
-123	--sid ۤΤ˲ꤹ
123	pid ۤΤ˲ꤹ
.TE

.SS ϥեޥåȤ
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
-O	ץɤ줿 "-o"
.\"nakano ??
-c	T{
-l ץνϤǡ
ǥեȤȰۤʤ륹塼󥰾ɽ
T}
-j	jobs եޥå
-l	Ĺեޥå
-o	桼եޥå
-y	ե饰ɽʤaddr  rss ɽ롣
O	ץɤ줿 "o" (overloaded)
X	Ť Linux i386 쥸եޥå
j	եޥå
l	Ĺեޥå
o	桼եޥå
s	ʥեޥå
u	桼ظΥեޥå
v	ۥեޥå
--format	桼եޥå
.TE

.SS Ͻ
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
-H	ץɽ (forest)
-m	åɤɽ
-n	̾ꥹȥեꤹ
-w	ǽϤ
C	%CPU ˡʿѤǤʤ raw CPU ֤ɽ
N	̾ꥹȥեꤹ
O	Ƚλ (񤭤)
.\"nakano  overloaded ?
S	T{
ҥץ (ƥץؤβûȤ) ޤ
T}
c	Υޥ̾
e	ޥɤθ˴Ķɽ
f	ASCII Ȥǥץؤɽ (forest)
--cumulative	T{
ҥץ (ƥץؤβûȤ) ޤ
T}
--forest	ASCII Ȥǥץؤɽ
--html	HTML դǽϤ
--headers	إåԤ򷫤֤
--no-headers	إåԤɽʤ
--lines	꡼ιԿꤹ
--nul	Ϥ NUL Ƿ·ʤ
--null	Ϥ NUL Ƿ·ʤ
--rows	꡼ιԿꤹ
--sort	Ƚλ
--width	꡼ηꤹ
--zero	Ϥ NUL Ƿ·ʤ
.TE

.SS 
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
-V	Сɽ
L	եޥåȻƥꥹȤ
V	Сɽ
--help	إץåɽ
--info	ǥХåɽ
--version	Сɽ
.TE

.SS "obsolete ʥץ"
.TS
lB lB
lfCW l.
å	
.TH
A	ΰ䤹 (DecUnix)
M	̤ core Ѥ ( -n ޤ N ѤƤߤ)
W	T{
å׾ ... ǤϤʤ /dev/drum 
( -n ޤ N ѤƤߤ)
T}
k	T{
c Υץե /vmcore Ѥ
( -n ޤ N ѤƤߤ)
T}
.TE

.SH 

"-g" ץϡå꡼\fBޤ\fP롼̾򤬤Ǥ롣
å꡼Ǥ¿ɸǻꤵƤ뤬
롼פǤŪưȤѤƤ OS ⤤Ĥ¸ߤ롣
 ps ϡꥹȤ˿ͤͿ줿 (åϤ)
å꡼ǤԤ롼 ID ֹϡ
¾˥롼̾Ĥꤵ줿˸¤äư롣

"m" ץѤ٤Ǥʤ
"-m" ޤ "-o" ꥹȤȤȤѤΤ褤
("m" ϥɽåɽѽ祽ȤѤ)

"h" ץˤ꤬롣 ɸŪ BSD  ps Ǥϡ
ΥץϽϤγƥڡ˥إå뤳Ȥˤʤ뤬
Ť Linux ǤϥإåʤȤˤʤ롣
 ps Ǥ Linux ˡ襤إåʤ
 BSD ή򤵤ƤС
Ϥγƥڡ˥إå褦ˤʤ롣
ĹץǤ --headers  --no-headers ȤС
ߤή˴طʤƥڡ˥إå뤫
إåʤ򤹤뤳ȤǤ롣

ü (tty ޤϥ꡼ޤϥƥȽ)
ˤϤĤˡ: /dev/ttyS1, ttyS1, S1 ʤɤǤ롣
obsolete ʸˡǤ "ps t" (ʬü) 
"ps t?" (üʤǽ) ⥵ݡȤƤ뤬
˿ץ ("T", "-t" ȥꥹȡ "x", "t" ȥꥹ)
Ѥ٤Ǥ롣

BSD  "O" ץ "-O" (桼νϥեޥåȡ
ĤΤ褯Ȥեɤ) ץΤ褦ưꡢ
뤤ϥȤνˤѤ뤳ȤǤޤ
Υץˤɤư򤵤뤫ϡ
ҥ塼ꥹƥåʼˡѤƷꤷޤ
˾ߤư򤵤ˤϡ¾Υץ (Ȥ뤤ϥեޥå)
ꤷޤ礦
.\"nakano in some other way Ϥɤ褦?

ȤѤ硢 BSD "O" ץʸˡ O[+|-]k1[,[+|-]k2[,...]]
Ǥ롣֥ȥפˤûΥ󥹤 k1,k2, ...
˻ꤹСץꥹȤޥ٥ǥȤǤ롣
.\"nakano Ȥ褦ʤȤȻפΤ...
.& `+' άǽʻǡñ˥ǥեȤΥ
֤Ƥ˲᤮ʤ `-' ϤľΥΥȽսˤ롣
O ץϥޥɰκǸ˻ꤷʤФʤʤ
³ϸ֤ȤǤ롣

GNU Υʸˡ --sortX[+|-]key[,[+|-]key[,...]] Ǥ롣
ʣʸΥϡ֥ȥפΥ󤫤֤ȡ
X ˤϼʬʶڤʸǤ롣
GNU ̤οͤ `=' Ȥɤ 
ǥեȤΥȤϿͽ硦Ȥ˾ʤΤǡ`+' 
ºݤˤϾάƤ褤: ps jax --sort=uid,-ppid,+pid 

 ps  /proc եβۥեɤ߹ư롣
 ps  kmem  suid ɬפϤʤưˤʤøɬפȤʤ
 ps ̤ʵ°Ϳʤ褦ˤ뤳ȡ

WCHAN ɽԤˤϡ ps ̾ꥹȥե˥
ɬפ롣ϤΤޤˤϡ
̾ꥹȥեϸߤ Linux ͥ
Τ˰פΤǤʤФʤʤ
.\"WORD:	namelist file	̾ꥹȥե

WCHAN եɤˤϡ
ps  System.map եɤʤФʤʤ
ϸưΥͥ뤬ѥ뤵줿Ȥ˺롣
õѥϰʲ̤:
.RS
$PS_SYSTEM_MAP
.br
/boot/System.map-`uname -r`
.br
/boot/System.map
.br
/lib/modules/`uname -r`/System.map
.br
/usr/src/linux/System.map
.br
/System.map
.RE
task_struct ΥС used_math ɽʤ
 crt0.s  math 뤫ɤå뤫ǡ
ˤä math ե饰ƤΥץ˥åȤƤޤΤǡ
̣ʤǤ (ï libc ͥľƤ)

ǥ˥åץȤ줿ץΥޥɥ饤ɽʤ
ޤ c ץ󤬻ꤵƤʤС̤˳ɽ롣

%CPU  cputime/realtime ΥѡơǤ롣
­Ƥ 100% ˤʤ뤳Ȥ (ۤɹǤʤ) ʤ
ϥץưƤλ֤ǡѤ֤äΤǤ롣

SIZE եɤ RSS եɤˤϡ
ץΥڡơ֥ task_struct ϴޤޤʤ
Ϻ 12k ХȰʾ夢ꡢɬ˾󤷤Ƥ롣
SIZE ϥץβۥ (code+data+stack) Ǥ롣

<defunct> ޡĤץϻץ () Ǥ롣
ϿƥץˤäõƤʤ˻ĤäƤ롣
Υץϡƥץλ
.BR init (8)
ˤäƾõ롣

.SS ץե饰
.TS
lfCW lfCW l.
ALIGNWARN	001	饤Ȥ˴ؤٹåɽ
STARTING	002	ĤĤ
EXITING	004	åȥ󤵤ĤĤ
PTRACED	010	 ptrace (0) ƤӽФƤ
TRACESYS	020	ƥॳȥ졼Ƥ
FORKNOEXEC	040	fork 줿 exec Ƥʤ
SUPERPRIV	100	ѡ桼¤ȤäƤ
DUMPCORE	200	core פ
SIGNALED	400	ʥˤä kill 줿
.TE

.SS ץξ֥
.TS
lfCW l.
D	Բǽʥ꡼׾ (̾ IO )
R	¹Բǽ (¹ԥ塼ˤ)
S	꡼׾
T	ȥ졼ޤ
Z	Ǥ () ץ
.TE

BSD  "stat" ɤѤ줿Ȥϡ
ʲźʸɽ뤳Ȥ롣
.TS
lfCW l.
W	¥ΥڡȤäƤʤ
.\"nakano ǤäƤޤ
<	ͥ٤ι⤤ץ
N	ͥ٤㤤ץ
L	T{
¥ΥڡåѤƤ 
(ꥢ륿䥫 IO )
T}
.TE

.SS ȥ

.TS
lB lB lB
lfCW lfCW l.
	Ĺ	
.TH
c	cmd	¹ԥեû̾
C	cmdline	ޥɹ
f	flags	ե饰 (Ĺ F եɤν)
g	pgrp	ץΥ롼 ID
G	tpgid	üץ롼 ID
.\"nakano ǤΤ
j	cutime	Ѥ桼
J	cstime	Ѥƥ
k	utime	桼
K	stime	ƥ
m	min_flt	ޥʡڡեȤβ
M	maj_flt	᥸㡼ڡեȤβ
n	cmin_flt	ޥʡڡեȤѿ
N	cmaj_flt	ޥʡڡեȤѿ
o	session	å ID
p	pid	ץ ID
P	ppid	ƥץΥץ ID
r	rss	󥻥åȤ礭
R	resident	ڡ
s	size	ꥵ (Хñ)
S	share	Ƥڡ
t	tty	tty ΥޥʡǥХֹ
T	start_time	ץư
U	uid	桼 ID ֹ
u	user	桼̾
v	vsize	ۥ (Хñ)
y	priority	ͥ륹塼󥰤ͥ
.TE

.SS AIX եޥåȵһ

 ps  AIX ΥեޥåȵһҤ򥵥ݡȤƤ롣

.BR printf (1)

.BR printf (3)
ν񼰥ɤȻ褦ư򤹤롣㤨̾ΥǥեȽϤ
ps -eo "%p %y %x %c" Τ褦ˤĤ뤳ȤǤ롣

.TS
lB lB lB
lfCW lfCW l.
	̾	إå
.TH
%C	pcpu	%CPU
%G	group	GROUP
%P	ppid	PPID
%U	user	USER
%a	args	COMMAND
%c	comm	COMMAND
%g	rgroup	RGROUP
%n	nice	NI
%p	pid	PID
%r	pgid	PGID
%t	etime	ELAPSED
%u	ruser	RUSER
%x	time	TIME
%y	tty	TTY
%z	vsz	VSZ
.TE

.SS ɸեޥåȻ

ѤȽϥեޥåȤȥȽξǤ롣
.br
:   ps -eo pid,user,args --sort user

.TS
lB lB
lfCW lfCW.
CODE	HEADER
.TH
%cpu	%CPU
%mem	%MEM
alarm	ALARM
args	COMMAND
blocked	BLOCKED
bsdstart	START
bsdtime	TIME
c	C
caught	CAUGHT
cmd	CMD
comm	COMMAND
command	COMMAND
cputime	TIME
drs	DRS
dsiz	DSIZ
egid	EGID
egroup	EGROUP
eip	EIP
esp	ESP
etime	ELAPSED
euid	EUID
euser	EUSER
f	F
fgid	FGID
fgroup	FGROUP
flag	F
flags	F
fname	COMMAND
fsgid	FSGID
fsgroup	FSGROUP
fsuid	FSUID
fsuser	FSUSER
fuid	FUID
fuser	FUSER
gid	GID
group	GROUP
ignored	IGNORED
intpri	PRI
lim	LIM
longtname	TTY
lstart	STARTED
m_drs	DRS
m_trs	TRS
maj_flt	MAJFL
majflt	MAJFLT
min_flt	MINFL
minflt	MINFLT
ni	NI
nice	NI
nwchan	WCHAN
opri	PRI
pagein	PAGEIN
pcpu	%CPU
pending	PENDING
pgid	PGID
pgrp	PGRP
pid	PID
pmem	%MEM
ppid	PPID
pri	PRI
rgid	RGID
rgroup	RGROUP
rss	RSS
rssize	RSS
rsz	RSZ
ruid	RUID
ruser	RUSER
s	S
sess	SESS
session	SESS
sgi_p	P
sgi_rss	RSS
sgid	SGID
sgroup	SGROUP
sid	SID
sig	PENDING
sig_block	BLOCKED
sig_catch	CATCHED
sig_ignore	IGNORED
sig_pend	SIGNAL
sigcatch	CAUGHT
sigignore	IGNORED
sigmask	BLOCKED
stackp	STACKP
start	STARTED
start_stack	STACKP
start_time	START
stat	STAT
state	S
stime	STIME
suid	SUID
suser	SUSER
svgid	SVGID
svgroup	SVGROUP
svuid	SVUID
svuser	SVUSER
sz	SZ
time	TIME
timeout	TMOUT
tmout	TMOUT
tname	TTY
tpgid	TPGID
trs	TRS
trss	TRSS
tsiz	TSIZ
tt	TT
tty	TT
tty4	TTY
tty8	TTY
ucomm	COMMAND
uid	UID	
uid_hack	UID
uname	USER	
user	USER	
vsize	VSZ	
vsz	VSZ	
wchan	WCHAN	
.TE

.SS Ķѿ

ʲδĶѿ ps ˱ƶ:
.TS
lfCW l.
COLUMNS	ǥեȤΥǥץ쥤ѹ
LINES	ǥեȤΥǥץ쥤ι⤵ѹ
PS_PERSONALITY	posix,old,linux,bsd,sun,digital Τɤ줫ꤹ
CMD_ENV	posix,old,linux,bsd,sun,digital Τɤ줫ꤹ
I_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS	obsolete ʥޥɥ饤β˶
LC_TIME	դΥեޥå
PS_FORMAT	ǥեȤνϥեޥåȻ override 
.\"nakano override...
PS_SYSMAP	̾ꥹ (System.map) ΥǥեȤξ
PS_SYSTEM_MAP	̾ꥹ (System.map) ΥǥեȤξ
POSIXLY_CORRECT	褯ʤֻ͡פ̵뤹ݤ˸򤷤ʤ
UNIX95	褯ʤֻ͡פ̵뤹ݤ˸򤷤ʤ
_XPG	CMD_ENV=irix ɸŪʿ񤤤򥭥󥻥뤹
.TE

̤ˤϤѿꤹΤϤޤɤͤǤϤʤ
ǥեȤο񤤤ꤹ
CMD_ENV (ޤ PS_PERSONALITY) 
Unix98 ɸɽ뤿 POSIXLY_CORRECT (ޤ UNIX95) 㳰Ǥ롣

.TS
lfCW lb
lfCW l.
PS_PERSONALITY	
.TH
\fI̵\fP	Ȥ򤹤
aix	AIX  ps Τ褦˿
bsd	FreeBSD  ps Τ褦˿
compaq	Digital Unix  ps Τ褦˿
debian	Ť Debian  ps Τ褦˿
digital	Digital Unix  ps Τ褦˿
gnu	Ť Debian  ps Τ褦˿
hp	HP-UX  ps Τ褦˿
hpux	HP-UX  ps Τ褦˿
irix	Irix  ps Τ褦˿
linux	Unix98 صΤΤߤ¸ߤ
old	Ť Linux  ps Τ褦˿
posix	ɸ
sco	SCO  ps Τ褦˿
sgi	Irix  ps Τ褦˿
sun	SunOS 4  ps Τ褦˿
sunos	SunOS 4  ps Τ褦˿
sysv	ɸ
unix	ɸ
unix95	ɸ
unix98	ɸ
.TE

.SH 

ƥƤΥץ򸫤 (ɸŪʽ):
.RS
ps -e
.RE
ƥƤΥץ򸫤 (BSD Ǥν):
.RS
ps ax
.RE
( ID / ¸ ID ) 롼ȤȤƼ¹ԤƤץ
ƤΥץ򸫤:
.RS
ps -U root -u root -N
.RE

.SH Ϣ
.BR top (1),
.BR pstree (1),
.BR proc (5)

.SH ɸ
 ps  Single Unix Specification Ǥ˽򤵤뤳ȤǤ롣

.SH 
Branko Lankester <lankeste@fwi.uva.nl> ǽ ps 񤤤
.br
Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@redhat.com> 
proc ե륷ƥб뤿ʽ񤭴Ԥä
ץΤĤιܤѹ
.br
Michael Shields <shields@msrl.com>  pid ꥹȵǽɲä
.br
Charles Blake <cblake@bbn.com> ϡʣ٥Υȡ
dirent Υ饤֥ꡦǥХֹ֤̾ mmap ǡ١
ľ System.map ʬŪõˡɲä
ɤȥɥȤԤä
.br
David Mosberger-Tang  psupdate Υͥå BFD ݡȤ񤤤
.br
Albert Cahalan <acahalan@cs.uml.edu>
 ps ľ Unix98  BSD ؤδбԤä
obsolete ʸˡ䳰ʸˡ˴ؤ뤢ޤʤϥåԤä

Michael K. Johnson <johnsonm@redhat.com> ߤΥƥʤǤ롣

Х <procps-bugs@redhat.com> ޤäߤ