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.\" e-mail: philnelson@acm.org
.\" us-mail: Philip A. Nelson
.\" Computer Science Department, 9062
.\" Western Washington University
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.\" %FreeBSD: src/contrib/bc/doc/bc.1,v 1.4.6.1 2001/03/04 09:34:56 kris Exp %
.\" $FreeBSD: doc/ja_JP.eucJP/man/man1/bc.1,v 1.6 2001/05/14 01:07:21 horikawa Exp $
.\"
.TH bc 1 .\" "Command Manual" v1.06 "Sept 12, 2000"
.SH ̾
bc - Ǥ٤η׻
.SH 
\fBbc\fR [ \fB-hlwsqv\fR ] [long-options] [ \fI file ...\fR ]
.SH С
Υޥ˥奢 GNU bc version 1.06 ˤĤƵҤƤޤ
.SH 
\fBbc\fR ϡǤդ٤οͤ򰷤Ǥץߥ󥰸 C ʸˡ
褯ϤŪ˼¹ԤǤ
ޥɥ饤Υץλˤꡢɸإ饤֥Ѥ뤳Ȥ
ǤޤꤷϡɤΥե
إ饤֥꤬ޤ
\fBbc\fR ư򳫻ϤȤޤǽ˥ޥɥ饤ǻꤷե
˽ޤ٤ƤΥեϡ\fBbc\fR 
ɸϤɤ߹ߤԤޤ٤ƤΥɤϡ줬ɤ߹
줿Ǽ¹ԤƤޤ(⤷ե˥ץåߤ
ޥɤޤޤƤϡɸϤɤ߹ߤϹԤޤ)
.PP
ܥС \fBbc\fR ϡŪ \fBbc\fR μ
POSIX ΥɥեȵʤĥƤޤޥɥ饤󥪥ץˤꡢ
γĥФƷٹɽ䤷ꤹ뤳ȤǽǤ
ܥɥȤǤϡΥץåˤĤޤ
ĥǽˤĤƤϤλޤ
.SS ץ
.IP "-h, --help"
ˡɽλޤ
.IP "-i, --interactive"
å⡼ɤޤ
.IP "-l, --mathlib"
ɸإ饤֥ޤ
.IP "-w, --warn"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ФĥǽϤ줿ϷٹФޤ
.IP "-s, --standard"
POSIX \fBbc\fR θͤ˸̩˽äƽޤ
.IP "-q, --quiet"
GNU bc Ƴåɽޤ
.IP "-v, --version"
Сֹɽƽλޤ
.SS 
\fBbc\fR ˤǤŪǤ `' ǤϡȾꡢ
Ǥդ٤Ȥ뤳ȤǤޤ٤ƤοϡǤ 10 ʿɽƤꡢ
׻ 10 ʿǹԤޤ(ܥСǤϡȾ軻Ƿ̤ڼΤƤ
ޤ) ˤ length  scale Ȥ 2 Ĥ°ޤ
length  10 ʤǤͭǡscale Ͼʲ 10 ʤǤͭǤ
㤨С
.nf
.RS
 .000001 ϡlength 6 ǡscale  6 Ǥ
 1935.000 ϡlength 7 ǡscale  3 Ǥ
.RE
.fi
.SS ѿ
ϡñѿ 2 ѿ¸ޤñѿѿˤ϶
̾դޤ̾ϡǽ 1 ʸܤե٥åȤǡϡ
ե٥åȡӥǤդʸȤ߹碌
ȤȤǤޤ٤ƤΥե٥åȤϾʸǤʤФʤޤ
(ե٥åȤȿȤä̾εǽϳĥǽǤ
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥϡѿ˱Ѿʸ 1 ʸޤ)
ѿ̾ˤɬ֥饱å ([]) ĤΤǡѿηʸ̮ˤ
ϤäꤷƤޤ
.PP
üѿȤ \fBscale, ibase, obase, last\fR  4 Ĥѿޤ
\fBscale\fR Ƿ׻ξʲͭꤷޤ
\fBscale\fR ΥǥեȤ 0 Ǥ
\fBibase\fR  \fBobase\fR ϤӽϤѴꤷޤ
ǥեȤǤϡϡϤδ϶ 10 Ǥ
\fBlast\fR ϡǸ \fBbc\fR ϤݻƤޤ
(ϳĥǽǤ)ˤĤƤϡŬڤʤȤǾܤޤ
ѿˤϡǻȤƱͤԤȤǽǤ
.SS 
\fBbc\fR ϡ\fB/*\fR  \fB*/\fR δ֤򥳥ȤȤưޤ
ȤϤɤϤޤäƤƤ褯1 ʸζȤưޤ
(ˤꡢȤϤϥƥڤΥޤȤС
ѿ̾˥Ȥ֤ȤϤǤޤ)
ȤˤϤIJԤäƤ⤫ޤޤ
.PP
\fBbc\fR 򥹥ץȤȤƤȤ褦ˤ뤿ᡢ1 ԥȤ
ĥǽȤɲäޤ1 ԥȤ \fB#\fR ǻϤޤꡢ
βԤޤͭǤβʸΤϥȤΰȤϤߤʤ줺
̤˽ޤ
.SS 
`' ϡʸˤäޤ
θŪˤʤ褦߷פƤ뤿ᡢ
ʸӼϲǽʸ¤¨¤˼¹Ԥޤ
"main" ץȤäΤϤʤΤꡢɤ
˽Ф路Ǽ¹Ԥޤ
(ǽҤ٤`ؿ'ϡ˽Ф路ޤ)
.PP
κǤñʤΤϡǤ\fBbc\fR ϡϤ줿
ѿ \fBibase\fR ǻꤵ븽ߤδ򸵤ˡŪˤ 10 ɽ
Ѵޤ(ؿξˤ㳰ޤ)
\fBibase\fR ˤϡ2  16 ޤǤѤǤޤ
ϰϤۤͤ \fBibase\fR 褦Ȥȡ
2 뤤 16 ꤷȤˤʤޤ
Ϥˤϡ0-9  A-F ʸѤǤޤ(:
ʸǤʤФʤޤ󡣾ʸѿ̾Ǥ)
1 ο \fBibase\fR ͤ˴طʤͤޤ (ʤ A=10)
ʣοξ硢\fBbc\fR  ibase ʾͤĤ٤ƤϷ
\fBibase\fR-1ѹޤˤꡢ \fBFFF\fR Ͼˡ
ϴȤä 3 ɽǽʺͤɽޤ
.PP
٤Ƥα黻¾¿ι˻ΤȤʤäƤޤ
η 1 षʤᡢѴε§Ϥޤ
Τꡢͭ˴ؤ뵬§ޤ
٤ƤμͭꡢϤ黻ͭ
ܤ黻¿ξ硢
ѿ \fBscale\fR ꤵޤ\fBscale\fR ˤϡ0 
C ɽǤͤޤǤǽǤ
.PP
ʲbc ǻѲǽʱ黻Ҥޤʤμ "expr"
ñѿޤѿ "var" ɽޤ
ñѿñ
.RS
\fIname\fR
.RE
ɽѿ
.RS
\fIname\fR[\fIexpr\fR]
.RE
ɽޤä˸ڤʤ¤ꡢ̤ͭϡܤƤ뼰
ͭˤʤޤ
.IP "- expr"
̤ϤμȿžΤȤʤޤ
.IP "++ var"
ѿ 1 󥯥Ȥοͤη̤Ȥʤޤ
.IP "-- var"
ѿ 1 ǥȤοͤη̤Ȥʤޤ
.IP "var ++"
η̤ϤѿͤȤʤꡢ줫餽ѿ 1 
󥯥Ȥޤ
.IP "var --"
η̤ϤѿͤȤʤꡢ줫餽ѿ 1 
ǥȤޤ
.IP "expr + expr"
η̤ 2 Ĥμ¤Ȥʤޤ
.IP "expr - expr"
η̤ 2 ĤμκȤʤޤ
.IP "expr * expr"
η̤ 2 ĤμѤȤʤޤ
.IP "expr / expr"
η̤ 2 ĤμξȤʤޤ
̤ scale ѿ \fBscale\fR ͤȤʤޤ
.IP "expr % expr"
̤ϡʲΤ褦ˤƵ;Ǥa%b 뤿ˡޤ a/b 
\fBscale\fR ͭǷ׻ޤη̤Ѥơa-(a/b)*b 
\fBscale\fR+scale(b)  scale(a) 礭ͭǷ׻ޤ
⤷ \fBscale\fR  0 åȤ졢ξμǤС
ξ;ޤ
.IP "expr ^ expr"
η̤ϡ1 ܤμͤ 2 ܤβ褸Τˤʤޤ
2 ܤμϡǤʤФʤޤ
(2 ܤμǤʤϷٹɽ졢
ڤͤ᤿ͤѤޤ) ̤ scale ϡ٤ؿ
ʤ \fBscale\fR ˤʤޤ٤ؿʤ顢
"1 ܤμ scale Ȥ٤ؿȤ" 
"\fBscale\fR  1 ܤμ scale 礭" Τξ
(Ĥޤꡢscale(a^b) = min(scale(a)*b, max( \fBscale,\fR scale(a))))
Ȥʤޤ
expr^0 Ͼ 1 ֤ޤ
.IP "( expr )"
ɸͥ٤Ȥ鷺ˡμɾͥ褷ޤ
.IP "var = expr"
ͤѿޤ
.IP "var <op>= expr"
"var" ٤ɾʤȰʳ "var = var <op> expr" ƱǤ
"var" ξư㤦Ȥޤ
.PP
ط黻üʱ黻ǡ̤Ͼ 0  1 ˤʤޤطλ 0
λ 1 ˤʤޤط黻ϡ黻ΤɤǤȤǤޤ
(POSIX bcǤϡط黻ϡif, while, for ʸǡ
1 ĤδطѤǤޤ)
ط黻Ҥϰʲ̤ꡣ
.IP "expr1 < expr2"
expr1  expr2 꾮 1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr1 <= expr2"
expr1  expr2 꾮 1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr1 > expr2"
expr1  expr2 礭 1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr1 >= expr2"
expr1  expr2 礭 1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr1 == expr2"
expr1  expr2  1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr1 != expr2"
expr1  expr2 ʤ 1 ˤʤޤ
.PP
黻Ȥޤ(POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ黻Ϥޤ)
黻ط黻Ʊ̤͡ 0  1 (ơӿ) ˤʤޤ
黻Ҥϰʲ̤ꡣ
.IP "!expr"
expr  0 ʤ 1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr && expr"
expr1  expr2 ξȤ 0 Ǥʤʤ顢1 ˤʤޤ
.IP "expr || expr"
expr1  expr2 Τɤ餫 0 Ǥʤʤ顢1 ˤʤޤ
.PP
Ʊ黻Ҥ̤ͥȷ絬§ϼ̤Ǥ
(ǽΤΤۤ㤯ˤۤɹ⤤̤ͥ˼¹Ԥޤ)
.nf
.RS
||               ()
&&               ()
!                (礻)
ط黻         ()
黻         ()
+  -             ()
* / %            ()
^                ()
- (ñޥʥ) (礻)
++ --            (礻)
.RE
.fi
.PP
̤ͥϡPOSIX \fBbc\fR ΥץबΤޤư褦
θƷƤޤΤᡢط黻黻
ʸȶѤ硢̾Ȥϰۤʤ뿶񤤤򤷤ޤ
ͤƤߤޤ礦:
.RS
a = 3 < 5
.RE
.PP
C ץޤΤۤȤɤϡ
``3 < 5'' δط黻¹Ԥ줿 (Ĥޤ 1) ѿ ``a'' 롢
ȹͤǤ礦
Ȥ \fBbc\fR Ǥϡޤ 3 ѿ ``a'' 졢
줫 3  5 ӤԤΤǤ
δְ㤤򤱤뤿ˡ
ط黻黻黻ȶѤϡ
̤ȤΤɤǤ
.PP
\fBbc\fR ˤ̤ʼˤĤäƤޤ
ϥ桼ؿɸؿ˴ؤΤǡ
٤ "\fIname\fB(\fIparameters\fB)\fR" Ȥ򤷤Ƥޤ
桼ؿˤĤƤϴؿξϤ򻲾ȤƲ
ɸؿϰʲ̤Ǥ:
.IP "length ( expression )"
expression ֤ͭޤ
.IP "read ( )"
(ĥǽ) ؿνи֤˴طʤɸϤɤ߼ޤ
ǡȥץξɸϤͿ褦ʾˤϡ
뤳ȤդƲ
ɤˡϡ
桼ǡϤɬפʤ顢ץϤ餫äƤ
ɸϤץϤʤ褦ˤ뤳ȤǤ
read ؿͤɸϤɤ߹Ǥ
κݡѴȤѿ \fBibase\fR θߤͤѤޤ
.IP "scale ( expression )"
expression ξʲ֤ͭޤ
.IP "sqrt ( expression )"
expression ʿ֤ޤ
expression ͤꤷϡ󥿥२顼ˤʤޤ
.SS ʸ
ʸ (ۤȤɤλѸ줬Ǥ褦)֤˼¹ԤƤñ̤Ǥ
\fBbc\fR Ǥʸϡ֤Ǥᤤʳǡ׼¹Ԥޤ
ԤϤ줿ǡ¹Բǽʸ¸ߤƤС¨¤˼¹Ԥޤ
Τ \fBbc\fR ǤϲԤפäƤޤ
ºݡߥȲԤʸζڤȤƻѤޤ
ŬʾDzԤϤȡʸˡ顼ˤʤޤ
ԤʸζڤǤХååѤƲԤ򱣤ȤǤޤ
\fBbc\fR ˤȤäơ"\e<nl>" (<nl>ϲ) ϲԤǤϤʤ˸ޤ
ʸΥꥹȤϡߥȲԤǶڤ줿ʸ¤ӤǤ
ʲ\fBbc\fR ʸμȤưˤĤޤ
(ʤʲ ([]) dzäʬϾάǽʹǤ)
.IP "黻"
黻ˤϼ 2 Ĥμबޤ
黻 "<variable> <assignment> ..." ǻϤޤäƤС
ʸȤưޤ
ǤʤС黻ɾƽϤɽޤ
̤ɽ줿塢Ԥɽޤ
㤨С"a=1" ʸǤꡢ
"(a=1)" ʸޤ줿黻Ǥ
ɽͤϤ٤ơѿ \fBobase\fR Ƿޤɽޤ
\fBobase\fR ˻Ǥͤ 2  BC_BASE_MAX ޤǤǤ
(¡פξϤ򻲾ȡ)
 2  16 ޤǤǤϡ̾οɽˡѤޤ
 16 礭硢\fBbc\fR ϡ
Ʒ 10 ɽʣʸɽˡɽޤ
ʣʸɽˡǤϡƷ϶Ƕڤޤ
Ʒ "obase-1"  10 ʤɽΤɬפʷοޤ
٤Ǥդ٤뤿ᡢˤäƤ 1 ԤɽǤʤ⤢ޤ
Τ褦Ĺϡ "\e" դƼԤ˷³ޤ
1 ԤɽǤʸ 70 Ǥ
\fBbc\fR Ūˤꡢɽȡ
ɽͤüѿ \fBlast\fR ȤѤޤ
桼ϥפľȤʤǸɽ줿ͤѤǤޤ
\fBlast\fR ͤ뤳Ȥǽǡ
ξ硢ɽ줿ͤͤǾ񤭤ޤ
ͤϡ˿ɽ뤫̤ͤ \fBlast\fR 
ޤͭǤ(bc μˤäƤϡ
ΰˤʤäƤʤñΥԥꥪ (.)  \fBlast\fR ûɽȤ
Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ)
.IP "string"
ʸ string Ϥɽޤ
ʸŰǻϤޤꡢŰޤǤΤ٤Ƥʸޤߤޤ
Ԥޤᡢ٤Ƥʸʸ̤˲ᤵޤ
ʸθ˲ԤϽϤޤ
.IP "\fBprint\fR list"
print ʸ (ϳĥǽǤ) ϡ⤦ҤȤĤνˡǤ
"list" ϥޤǶڤäʸ󤪤ӱ黻ΥꥹȤǤꡢ
ʸ󤢤뤤ϱ黻ꥹȤνɽޤ
Ǹ˲ԤϽϤޤ
黻ɾ졢ͤɽȤȤˡ
ѿ \fBlast\fR ޤ
print ʸʸϽϤɽޤüʸޤ뤳ȤǤޤ
üʸϥХåå (\e) ǻϤޤޤ
\fBbc\fR ǻȤüʸϡ
"a" (٥)"b" (Хåڡ)
"f" (եե)"n" ()"r" ()"q" (Ű)
"t" ()"\e" (Хåå) Ǥ
ʳ̵뤵ޤ
.IP "{ statement_list }"
ʣʸǤʣʸ 1 ĤΥ롼פˤޤȤƼ¹Ԥޤ
.IP "\fBif\fR ( expression ) statement1 [\fBelse\fR statement2]"
if ʸϱ黻 expression ɾͤ˱
ʸ statement1 ޤʸ statement2 ¹Ԥޤ
expression ͤ 0 Ǥʤ statement1 ¹Ԥޤ
statement2 ¸ߤexpression ͤ 0 ʤСstatement2 ¹Ԥޤ
(else ϳĥǽǤ)
.IP "\fBwhile\fR ( expression ) statement"
while ʸ expression  0 Ǥʤ֤֡ statement ¹Ԥޤ
statement μ¹ expression ɾޤ
expression ͤ 0 ˤʤ뤫break ʸ¹Ԥȡ
롼פλޤ
.IP "\fBfor\fR ( [expression1] ; [expression2] ; [expression3] ) statement"
for ʸ statement η֤¹Ԥ椷ޤ
expression1 ϥ롼׼¹Ԥɾޤ
expression2  statement μ¹ɾ졢
ͤ 0 Ǥʤ statement ¹Ԥޤ
expression2 ͤ 0 ˤʤȡ롼פϽλޤ
 statement ¹Ԥθ塢Ƥ expression2 ɾ expression3 
ɾޤ
expression1 뤤 expression3 άƤȡ
Ǥϲɾޤ
expression2 άƤ硢expression2  1 ǤΤ
Ʊͤ˰ޤ
( expression άǽʤΤϳĥǽǤ
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥϡ3 Ĥ expression ϤɤάǤޤ)
ʲ for ʸʥɤǤ:
.nf
.RS
expression1;
while (expression2) {
   statement;
   expression3;
}
.RE
.fi
.IP "\fBbreak\fR"
ޤǤ¦ while ⤷ for ʸˤ뷫֤ŪǤޤ
.IP "\fBcontinue\fR"
ޤǤ¦ for ʸˤ뼡η֤˿ʤߤޤ
(continue ʸϳĥǽǤ)
.IP "\fBhalt\fR"
¹Ԥ \fBbc\fR ץåλޤ(ĥǽ)
㤨 "if (0 == 1) halt" ξ \fBbc\fR Ͻλޤ
halt ʸ¹ԤʤǤ
.IP "\fBreturn\fR"
ؿޤؿη̤ 0 ˤʤޤ(ؿξϤ򻲾)
.IP "\fBreturn\fR ( expression )"
ؿޤؿη̤ expression ˤʤޤ(ؿξϤ򻲾)
ĥǽǤ̤ɬܤǤϤޤ
.SS ʸ
ϺޤǤʸȤưۤʤޤ
ʸϼ¹ʸǤϤʤ֥ѥ׻ǽޤ
.IP "\fBlimits\fR"
\fBbc\fR ΥСˤ¤³ͤɽޤ
(limits ϳĥǽǤ)
.IP "\fBquit\fR"
\fBbc\fR λޤɤʾˤäƤ⡢quit ʸ
Ϥ줿Ǽ¹Ԥޤ㤨С
"if  (0  ==  1)  quit"
ȤҤǤäƤ⡢\fBbc\fR Ͻλޤ
.IP "\fBwarranty\fR"
ݾڤ˴ؤդĹɽޤ
(warranty ϳĥǽǤ)
.SS ؿ
ؿϡǼ¹Ԥ٤׻뵡ǽǤ
.B bc
δؿϾͤ׻ƤӤ¦֤ޤ
ؿϡ줬Ϥɤ߹ޤ줿ԤȤ
֥ʥߥå(ưŪ)פǤ
줿ؿϡƱ̤̾δؿޤǻѲǽǡ
ؿ줿ϡδؿ֤ޤ
ؿϡʲΤ褦˹Ԥޤ:
.nf
.RS
\fBdefine \fIname \fB( \fIparameters \fB) { \fInewline
\fI    auto_list   statement_list \fB}\fR
.RE
.fi
ؿƤӽФϡ
"\fIname\fB(\fIparameters\fB)\fR"
Ȥα黻Ǥ
.PP
ѥ᡼ parameters Ͽ뤤 (ĥǽ) Ǥ
ؿǤϡ0 뤤 1 İʾΥѥ᡼̾
ޤǶڤä¤٤뤳Ȥޤ
Ϥ(call by value)ǤΤϤ졢ѿϤ(call by variable)
ΤϤޤ
ϥѥ᡼ "\fIname\fB[]\fR" Τ褦ɽƻꤷޤ
ؿƤӽФǤϡΥѥ᡼Фƴʱ黻μ¥ѥ᡼
Ҥޤ
Ϥɽѥ᡼ƱͤǤ
̾դѿ(variable)ˤäƴؿϤޤ
ؿϥʥߥå椨
ѥ᡼οȷϴؿƤӽФκݤ˥åޤ
ѥ᡼ο뤤Ϸ˲餫礬ȡ
󥿥२顼ȯޤ
̤ؿƤӽФ󥿥२顼Ȥʤޤ
.PP
\fIauto_list\fR ϾάǽǡѿȤƻѤѿΥꥹ
Ǥauto_list ¸ߤʤ顢ʸˡ
"\fBauto \fIname\fR, ... ;"
Ȥʤޤ(ߥϾάǽǤ)
 \fIname\fR ѿ̾Ȥʤޤ
ϥѥ᡼ƱͤɽǻǤޤ
ѿϡؿκǽǤͤå˥ץå夵줿Τ
 0 ˽졢ؿμ¹˻Ѥޤ
ѿϴؿиˤƥݥåפ졢
(ؿƤӽФ)ͤޤ
ѥ᡼ϼºݤˤϥѿǤꡢ
ؿƤӽФͿ줿ͤ˽ޤ
bc ΥѿŪʰ̣ǤΥѿȰۤʤꡢ
ؿ A ؿ B ƤӽФƤ褦ʾ硢ؿ B 
ؿ A ΥѿƱ̾Υѿʤ¤ꡢ
ؿ A Υѿ̾򤽤Τޤ޻Ȥäơ
ؿ B ؿ A Υѿ򥢥Ǥޤ
ѿȥѥ᡼ϥå˥ץå夵뤿ᡢ
\fBbc\fR ϺƵŪʴؿƤӽФ򥵥ݡȤƤޤ
.PP
ؿΤ \fBbc\fR ʸΥꥹȤǤ
֤Ҥ٤ޤȡʸϥߥ󤫲ԤǶڤƤޤ
return ʸˤؿϽλ֤ͤޤ
return ʸˤ 2 Ĥηꡢ
ҤȤĤη "\fBreturn\fR" ϡƤӽФ 0 ֤ޤ
⤦ҤȤĤη "\fBreturn ( \fIexpression \fB)\fR" ϡ
expression ͤ׻ƤӽФ֤ޤ
ƴؿκǸˤ "\fBreturn (0)\fR" ΤȲᤵޤ
ˤꡢŪ return ʸ֤ʤƤ⡢
ؿϽλ 0 ֤ޤ
.PP
ؿǤϡѿ \fBibase\fR ưѤޤؿǻȤ
ϡؿθƤӤ \fBibase\fR 򸵤ѴԤޤ
Τᡢؿ \fBibase\fR ѹƤ̵뤵ޤɸ
ؿ \fBread\fR ƤӽФ㳰ǡϾ˸ߤ
\fBibase\fR ͤȤѴԤޤ
.PP
ĥǽǤν񼰤㴳ˤ䤫ˤʤޤ
ɸǤϡ֥졼 \fBdefine\fR ɤƱԤˤ뤳Ȥȡ
¾ʬ³Ԥˤ뤳ȤɬܤǤ
ܥС \fBbc\fR Ǥϡؿγ֥졼βԿǤդǤ
㤨СϹˡǤ
.nf
.RS
\f(CW
define d (n) { return (2*n); }
define d (n)
  { return (2*n); }
\fR
.RE
.fi
.SS إ饤֥
\fBbc\fR  \fB-l\fR ץդƵưϡإ饤֥꤬
ɤ߹ޤ졢ǥեȤ scale  20 ꤵޤ
شؿϡƤӽФ scale ͤ˽äƷ׻Ԥޤ
إ饤֥ˤäƻѲǽˤʤؿϡ̤Ǥ:
.IP "s (\fIx\fR)"
sin (x ñ̤ϥ饸)
.IP "c (\fIx\fR)"
cos (x ñ̤ϥ饸)
.IP "a (\fIx\fR)"
atan (֤ͤñ̤ϥ饸)
.IP "l (\fIx\fR)"
log (п)
.IP "e (\fIx\fR)"
exp (ؿؿ)
.IP "j (\fIn,x\fR)"
 n Υ٥åؿ
.SS 
ϡ/bin/sh ǥѿ \fBpi\fR  ``ѥ'' ͤޤ
.RS
\f(CW
pi=$(echo "scale=10; 4*a(1)" | bc -l)
\fR
.RE
.PP
ϡإ饤֥ǻȤƤ ``e (x)'' Ǥ
δؿ POSIX \fBbc\fR ǵҤƤޤ
.nf
.RS
\f(CW
scale = 20

/* Uses the fact that e^x = (e^(x/2))^2
   When x is small enough, we use the series:
     e^x = 1 + x + x^2/2! + x^3/3! + ...
*/

define e(x) {
  auto  a, d, e, f, i, m, v, z

  /* Check the sign of x. */
  if (x<0) {
    m = 1
    x = -x
  }

  /* Precondition x. */
  z = scale;
  scale = 4 + z + .44*x;
  while (x > 1) {
    f += 1;
    x /= 2;
  }

  /* Initialize the variables. */
  v = 1+x
  a = x
  d = 1

  for (i=2; 1; i++) {
    e = (a *= x) / (d *= i)
    if (e == 0) {
      if (f>0) while (f--)  v = v*v;
      scale = z
      if (m) return (1/v);
      return (v/1);
    }
    v += e
  }
}
\fR
.RE
.fi
.PP
ϡ\fBbc\fR γĥǽȤäơ``checkbook balances''
(ڼĢĹ) ׻ñʥץǤ
ΥץեˤƤȡ
󥿥פʤ˲٤ȤȤǤޤ
.nf
.RS
\f(CW
scale=2
print "\enCheck book program!\en"
print "  Remember, deposits are negative transactions.\en"
print "  Exit by a 0 transaction.\en\en"

print "Initial balance? "; bal = read()
bal /= 1
print "\en"
while (1) {
  "current balance = "; bal
  "transaction? "; trans = read()
  if (trans == 0) break;
  bal -= trans
  bal /= 1
}
quit
\fR
.RE
.fi
.PP
ϡƵƤӽФˤ곬׻ؿǤ
.nf
.RS
\f(CW
define f (x) {
  if (x <= 1) return (1);
  return (f(x-1) * x);
}
\fR
.RE
.fi
.SS readline  libedit Υץ
GNU \fBbc\fR  (configure Υץˤä) GNU \fBreadline\fR
ϥǥ饤֥ޤ BSD \fBlibedit\fR 饤֥
Ȥ褦˥ѥǤޤ
ϡ\fBbc\fR ϤˡԤԽǽˤޤ
ϤԤΥҥȥѲǽˤʤޤΥץ
ѥ뤵줿 \fBbc\fR Ǥϡ 1 Ĥüѿ
\fBhistory\fR ɲä졢ҥȥ¸Ԥοꤷޤ
\fBreadline\fR Ǥϡ
ͤ -1 (ǥե)ʤ顢ҥȥԤ¤ʤ¸ޤ
οꤹȡҥȥԤο¤ޤ
0 ʤҥȥ굡ǽ̵ˤʤޤ
ǥեͤ 100 Ǥ
ܤϡ桼ޥ˥奢
GNU \fBreadline\fR  \fBhistory\fR 饤֥
BSD \fBlibedit\fR 
\fBreadline\fR  \fBlibedit\fR ξƱͭǤޤ
.SS 
ΥС
.B bc
 POSIX P1003.2/D11 ɥեȤƤꡢ
ΥɥեȤμ٤ƤĤĥޤ
Ū˹ԤƤ褦
.I dc(1)
ѤǤϤޤ
ΥСñץǤꡢ
ץХȥɤѴΤϤƼ¹Ԥޤ
֥ɥȤ˵ܤƤʤץץ (-c) ꡢ
ץ¹ԤˡХȥɤѴ̤
ɸϤ˽Ϥޤ
ϼȤơѡΥǥХåȿإ饤֥νѤޤ
.PP
ϳĥǽˤΤǤ
ǽ᤿ɲäꤹ뤿˵ǽĥ줿ꡢ
ǽɲä줿ꤷƤޤ
ȳĥΥꥹȤʲ˼ޤ
.IP LANG
ΥСϡ
Ķѿ LANG  LC_ ǻϤޤ뤹٤ƤδĶѿν˴ؤ POSIX ɸ
򤷤Ƥޤ
.IP ̾
Ū
.B bc
 POSIX
.B bc
ϡؿѿ̾ȤñʸȤޤ
ΥСǤϡ
ƬʸǻϤޤꡢʸȿȥ
 2 ʸʾ̾Ȥ褦˳ĥƤޤ
.IP ʸ
ʸˤ NUL ʸޤळȤϤǤޤ
POSIX ǤϡʸˤϤʸޤ뤳ȤǤʤФʤʤ
ȤƤޤ
.IP last
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤѿ \fBlast\fR Ϥޤ
\fBbc\fR μˤäƤϡ\fBlast\fR Ʊ̣
ԥꥪ (.) ѤΤޤ
.IP 
POSIX \fBbc\fR ǤϡӤ if ʸwhile ʸfor ʸ 2 ǤΤ
Ѥ뤳ȤǤޤ
ޤʸǤϤ 1 Ĥδط黻Ȥޤ
.IP "if ʸ, else "
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ else Ϥޤ
.IP "for ʸ"
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥ for ʸγƱ黻ϾάǤޤ
.IP "&&, ||, !"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ黻ҤϤޤ
.IP "read ؿ"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ read ؿϤޤ
.IP "print ʸ"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ print ʸϤޤ
.IP "continue ʸ"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ˤ continue ʸϤޤ
.IP "return ʸ"
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥϡreturn ʸμ˳̤ɬפǤ
.IP "ѥ᡼"
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥ (ߤΤȤ) ѥ᡼ϴˤϻȤޤ
POSIX ʸˡǤϡؿǤȤޤºݤ˸ƤӽФȤ
ѥ᡼ꤹ뤳ȤǤޤ(Ϥ餯ʸˡ
ȤǤ礦) Ū \fBbc\fR μǤϡѥ᡼Ϥ
ΤߤǤ
.IP "function format"
POSIX \fBbc\fR Ǥϡ֥졼 \fBdefine\fR ɤƱԤˤꡢ
\fBauto\fR ʸιԤˤ뤳ȤɬפǤ
.IP "=+, =-, =*, =/, =%, =^"
POSIX \fBbc\fR ǤϤΡֵ켰פ黻ҤɬפϤޤ
ΥСǤϤΡֵ켰黻ҤȤ뤫Τޤ
limits ʸȤäơ󥹥ȡ뤷С󤬤򥵥ݡȤƤ뤫
ɤΤƤߤƲ
⤷ΥС󤬡ֵ켰黻Ҥ򥵥ݡȤƤС
ʸ "a =- 1"  \fBa\fR  -1  \fBa\fR  1 ޤ
.IP "ɽζ"
¾ \fBbc\fR Ǥϡɽ˶ޤ뤳Ȥޤ
㤨С"x=1 3" ѿ x  13 ޤ
ΥС \fBbc\fR Ǥϡʸʸˡ顼ˤʤޤ
.IP "顼ȼ¹"
ΥС bc ϡ
ץʸˡΥ顼¾Υ顼Ĥä
ɤɤ¹Ԥ뤫
Ȥǡ¾μȰۤʤäƤޤ
ؿʸˡ顼Ĥȡ
顼ʸƬ򸫤ĤƴؿΥѡ³褦Ϥޤ
ҤȤӴؿʸˡ顼Ĥȡ
δؿϸƤӽФʤʤꡢ̤֤Ȥʤޤ
Ū¹ԥɤʸˡ顼ȡ
ߤμ¹ԥ֥å̵ˤʤޤ
¹ԥ֥åȤϡҤ³δʸΤȤιޤǤΤȤǤ
㤨СΥ
.nf
.RS
a = 1
b = 2
.RE
.fi
ˤ 2 Ĥμ¹ԥ֥åꡢ
.\"  groff λ̤ʤäƤ褦
.\" αѸޥ˥奢Ǥ⤽ʤäƤ褦(jpman )
.nf
.RS
{ a = 1
  b = 2 }
.RE
.fi
ˤ 1 Ĥμ¹ԥ֥åޤ
󥿥२顼ȯȡߤμ¹ԥ֥åμ¹Ԥλޤ
󥿥ηٹȯƤ⡢ߤμ¹ԥ֥åϽλޤ
.IP ""
ååδ֡SIGINT ʥ (̾ü Control-C Ϥ
ȯޤ) ˤäƸߤμ¹ԥ֥åμ¹ԤǤ졢
ɤδؿǤ줿򼨤֥󥿥ץ顼ɽޤ
󥿥Υǡ¤򤹤٤ƥꥢåɽ졢
\fBbc\fR ϼϤդ֤ˤʤäȤ򼨤ޤ
ޤǤؿϤ٤ƻĤäƤꡢ
ǤʤѿͤϳȯͤΤޤޤˤʤäƤޤ
ѿȴؿѥ᡼Ϥ٤ơꥢˤäƾõޤ
ååǤϡSIGINT ʥ \fBbc\fR μ¹Τλޤ
.SS ³
ʲιܤߤ
.B bc
ץåθ³ͤȤʤäƤޤ
ΤĤϡ󥹥ȡѹǤޤ
ºݤͤˤ limits ʸȤäƲ
.IP BC_BASE_MAX
ߤΤȤϤδκͤ 999 ꤵƤޤ
¦δκͤ 16 Ǥ
.IP BC_DIM_MAX
ߤΤȤ 65535 ȤۤƤޤ
󥹥ȡ뤷СǤϰۤʤäƤ뤫Τޤ
.IP BC_SCALE_MAX
ʲη INT_MAX ¤Ƥޤ
ޤη INT_MAX ¤Ƥޤ
.IP BC_STRING_MAX
ʸʸ INT_MAX ʸ¤Ƥޤ
.IP ؿ
߾黻 (^) λؿͤ LONG_MAX ¤Ƥޤ
.IP ѿ̾
ñѿ󡢴ؿơˤĤơդ˼̤̾ 32767 Ĥ
¤Ƥޤ
.SH Ķѿ
\fBbc\fR ϰʲδĶѿᤷޤ
.IP "POSIXLY_CORRECT"
\fB-s\fR ץƱǤ
.IP "BC_ENV_ARGS"
 \fBbc\fR ˰Ϥ̤ˡǡޥɥ饤
Ʊ񼰤Ǥΰǽ˽ΤǡδĶѿ
ꤵ줿եϥޥɥ饤ǻꤵ줿ե
˽ޤˤꡢ \fBbc\fR ƤӽФȤ
ɸΡץץեǤޤδĶѿ
ꤹեˤϡ\fBbc\fR 餻뤿ӤƤ褦
ؿ񤤤ƤȤ褤Ǥ礦
.IP "BC_LINE_LENGTH"
ϤȤ 1 Ԥʸǻꤷޤ
Ĺ᤮ȡХååȲԤޤ᤿ϤȤʤޤ
.SH 
ޥɥ饤ǻꤷե뤬ץǤʤ硢
\fBbc\fR ϥե뤬ѤǤʤݤɽƽλޤ
ޤѥ뤤ϥ󥿥οǥå⤢ޤ
ϼȤǤ褦ˤʤäƤϤǤ
.SH Х
顼ꥫХ꤬ޤޤäƤޤ
.PP
Хϡ
.BR bug-bc@gnu.org
Żҥ᡼Ǥꤤޤ
ñ ``bc''  ``Subject:'' եɤΤɤƤƤ
.SH 
.nf
Philip A. Nelson
philnelson@acm.org
.fi
.SH ռ
ƥȤݤ
ϰϤ˼Ƥ줿 Steve Sommars (Steve.Sommars@att.com) ˴դޤ
餷ո餤ޤ
ΤǤȤƤ褤Τˤʤޤ