.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
.\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
.\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
.\" acknowledgement:  ``This product includes software developed by the
.\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
.\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
.\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
.\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
.\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
.\" specific prior written permission.
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
.\"
.\"     @(#)gprof.1	6.6 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997-2000 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Fri Jan 9 1998 by NAKANO Takeo <nakano@@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated Fri 27 Oct 2000 by NAKANO Takeo
.\"
.TH GPROF 1 "January 29, 1993"
.SH ̾
gprof \- 롦 (call graph) Υץեɽ
.SH 
.B gprof [ \-abcsz ] [ \-e|\-E
.I name
.B ] [ \-f|\-F 
.I name
.B ] 
.B [ \-k
.I fromname toname
.B ] [ 
.I objfile
.B [ 
.I gmon.out
.B ] 
.B ] 
.SH 
.B gprof
 C, Pascal, Fortran77 ץμ¹ԥץե롣Ƥӽ
줿롼ͤϸƤӽФ˼ޤ롣ץեΤΥǡ
ϥ롦 (call graph: ؿοƻҴطΥ) Υץե
ǡե (ǥեȤǤ `gmon.out') 
ޤ롣Υե
.BR cc ( 1 ) 
.BR pc ( 1 ) 
.BR f77 ( 1 )

.B \-pg
ץꤷƥѥ뤵줿ץˤäƺ롣
.B \-pg
ץǤϡ󥯤饤֥ץեѤ˥ѥ뤵
Τˤʤ롣
.B gprof
ϻꤵ줿֥ȥե (ǥեȤ `a.out') 饷
ơ֥ɤߡ `gmon.out' Υ롦աץեȤ
Ϣդ롣
ʣΥץեǡե뤬ꤵ줿ˤϡ
.B gprof
ϤΥץե򤹤٤ƹפɽ롣
.PP
.B gprof
Ϥ줾Υ롼ˤäƾ񤵤줿֤׻롣ˤλ
򥳡롦դλޤ˱äƿƥ롼ؤŤ롣ץ 
 (cycle: ƵƤӽФν۴) ޤȤᡢؤΥԤ
롼ϡǾ񤷤֤ͭȤߤʤǽΥꥹȤ
ؿǡ֤ν˥ȤƤ롣
֤ˤϥ롦դǤλ¹ʬޤޤ롣줾δؿȥ
βˤϡδؿΥ롦դǤ (ľܤ) ҤȡǾ񤵤줿
֤ɤΤ褦˴ؿŤɽ롣Ʊͤɽϴؿξˤ
ɽƤꡢδؿȤλ¹Ǿ񤵤줿֤ɤΤ褦˥
롦դ (ľܤ) ƤŤ뤫롣
.PP
ɽ롣ΤȤƤΥȥꡢΥ°
СΥꥹȤȤ줾ΥСˤäƾ񤵤줿֡ 
θƤӽФʤɤɽ롣
.PP
˥եåȥץե
.RB ( prof (1)
η̤Ȼ) Ϳ롣ΥꥹȤǤϹ׼¹Ի֡ƤӽФ
Υ롼󼫿ȤǾ񤷤 (ߥñ)¹ʬޤƾ
 (ߥñ) ɽ롣
.PP
Ǹ˴ؿ̾κͿ롣
.SH ץ
ʲΥץ󤬻Ǥ:
.TP
.B \-a
ƥå줿ؿɽʤΥץ󤬻ꤵ
ȡƥåʴؿ˴ؤƤξ (¹Ի֡¾δؿθƤӽ
¾δؿƤӽФطʤ) ϡե `objfile' Ǥ
ƥåʴؿľ˥ɤ줿ؿ°뤳Ȥˤʤ롣
.TP
.B \-b
ץեΤ줾Υեɤ˴ؤɽʤ
.TP
.B \-c
ץΥƥåʥ롦դ򡢥֥ȥեΥƥ
ȥȤĴ٤ȤȯŪ (heuristic) ʼˡǺ롣
ƥåοƤҤθƤӽФ 0 Ȥɽ롣
.TP
.BI "\-e " name
롼
.I name
ȡλ¹٤Ƥ˴ؤ륰եץեΥȥɽʤ 
(¹˴ؤƤϡ̤褬ɽ)
.B \-e
ץʣǤ롣Ĥ
.B \-e
ץˤĤƻǤ
.I name
ϰĤǤ롣
.TP
.BI "\-E " name
.B \-e
Ʊͤ˥롼
.I name
Ȥλ¹˴ؤ륰եץեΥȥɽʤޤ
.I name
(Ȥλ¹) ˤäƾ񤵤줿֤⡢ץ¹Ԥ (
ѡơη׻) 롣㤨
.BI "\-E " mcount
.BI "\-E " mcleanup
ϥǥեȤˤʤäƤ롣
.TP
.BI "\-f " name
롼
.I name
Ȥλ¹˴ؤƤΤߡեץեΥȥɽ롣
.B \-f
ץʣǤ롣Ĥ
.B \-f
ץˤĤƻǤ
.I name
ϰĤǤ롣
.TP
.BI "\-F " name
.B \-f
Ʊͤˡ롼
.I name
Ȥλ¹˴ؤƤΤߡեץեΥȥɽ롣ޤ
ˤäѤ줿֤פμ¹Ի֤ȥѡơη׻
Ѥ롣
.B \-F
ץʣǤ롣Ĥ
.B \-F
ץˤĤƻǤ
.I name
ϰĤǤ롣
.B \-F
ץ
.B \-E
ץˤ񤭤롣
.TP
.BI "\-k " "fromname toname"
롼
.I fromname
롼
.I toname
ޤǤλޤ롣פʥν۴Ĥ˲ΤǤ롣
.B \-k
ʣǤ롣Ĥ
.B \-k
ץФƻǤΤϰȤΥ롼̾Ǥ롣
.TP
.B \-s
ץեե `gmon.sum' ꤷץեե
ξ󤹤٤ƤΥץեפΤ񤭹ࡣιץ
եեϸ gprof  (餯
.B \-s
ȶ) ¹ԤݤͿơ `objfile' եʣ¹Ԥ
ץեǡѤ뤿Ѥ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B \-v
gprof ΥСֹɽƽλ롣
.TP
.B \-z
Ѥʤäؿ (ƤӽФȼ¹Ի֤Ǥ狼) ɽ롣

.B \-c
ץȶѤȡƤӽФʤä롼򸫤ĤΤ
Ωġ
.PP
.SH ե
a.out       ̾ΥꥹȤȥƥȶ
.br
gmon.out    ʥߥåʥ롦դȥץե
.br
gmon.sum    ʥߥåʥ롦դȥץեΤޤȤ

.SH Ϣ
.BR monitor ( 3 ) ,
.BR profil ( 2 ) ,
.BR cc ( 1 ) ,
.BR prof ( 1 )
.sp
``An Execution Profiler for Modular Programs'',
by S. Graham, P. Kessler, M. McKusick;
.I
Software \- Practice and Experience,
Vol. 13, pp. 671-685, 1983.
.sp
``gprof: A Call Graph Execution Profiler'',
by S. Graham, P. Kessler, M. McKusick;
.I
Proceedings of the SIGPLAN '82 Symposium on Compiler Construction,
SIGPLAN Notices, Vol. 17, No  6, pp. 120-126, June 1982.

.SH 
.B gprof
 4.2 BSD о줷
.SH Х
ץ󥰤γ (granularity) ɽ뤬Ūʤ
ǤʤǤϴؿΰ󤢤μ¹Ի֤ϡؿξ񤷤׻
֤ƤӽФdzäΤȲꤷƤ롣äơƤӽФդ
ޤŤƴؿοƤ֤ϡޤ̲ᤷľ㤹뤳
ˤʤ롣
.PP
ʬȤץե뤵ƤʤƤǤ⡢ҤŤƤ֤ͭ
뤳Ȥˤʤ롣Υ롼ϡƤӽФդ (ɤ
ƤӽФ줿ΤǤʤ) ˵ư褦˸Τǡλ֤Ϥ
ʾɤؤŤʤƱͤˡʥ򥭥å롼ϡ
ե뤵ƤƤ⾡˵ư褦˸Ƥޤ (ͳϤ⤦
ʣ)ʥ򥭥å롼λҤץե뤵Ƥ
Фλ֤Ť뤳ȤǤ뤬ƥ롼󤬥ץե
롼ǥʥ뤬å줿ˤƤξϼ롣
.PP
ץե뤵ץ
.BR exit ( 2 )
򥳡뤷ƽλ뤫 main 롼󤫤 return ǽλʤФ
ʤʤȽλ˥ץե `gmon.out' ե˥
֤ʤ