'\" t
.\" Hey Emacs! This file is -*- nroff -*- source.
.\"
.\" This manpage is Copyright (C) 1992 Drew Eckhardt;
.\"                 and Copyright (C) 1993 Michael Haardt, Ian Jackson;
.\"                 and Copyright (C) 1998 Jamie Lokier;
.\"                 and Copyright (C) 2002 Michael Kerrisk.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Modified 1993-07-24 by Rik Faith <faith@cs.unc.edu>
.\" Modified 1995-09-26 by Andries Brouwer <aeb@cwi.nl>
.\" and again on 960413 and 980804 and 981223.
.\" Modified 1998-12-11 by Jamie Lokier <jamie@imbolc.ucc.ie>
.\" Applied correction by Christian Ehrhardt - aeb, 990712
.\" Modified 2002-04-23 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"	Added note on F_SETFL and O_DIRECT
.\"	Complete rewrite + expansion of material on file locking
.\"	Incorporated description of F_NOTIFY, drawing on
.\"		Stephen Rothwell's notes in Documentation/dnotify.txt.
.\"	Added description of F_SETLEASE and F_GETLEASE
.\" Corrected and polished, aeb, 020527.
.\" Modified 2004-03-03 by Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"     Modified description of file leases: fixed some errors of detail
.\"     Replaced the term "lease contestant" by "lease breaker"
.\" Modified, 27 May 2004, Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
.\"     Added notes on capability requirements
.\" Modified 2004-12-08, added O_NOATIME after note from Martin Pool
.\" 2004-12-10, mtk, noted F_GETOWN bug after suggestion from aeb.
.\" 2005-04-08 Jamie Lokier <jamie@shareable.org>, mtk
.\"	Described behavior of F_SETOWN/F_SETSIG in
.\"	multi-threaded processes, and generally cleaned
.\"	up the discussion of F_SETOWN.
.\" 2005-05-20, Johannes Nicolai <johannes.nicolai@hpi.uni-potsdam.de>,
.\"	mtk: Noted F_SETOWN bug for socket file descriptor in Linux 2.4
.\"	and earlier.  Added text on permissions required to send signal.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1996 Takeshi Ueno all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1996-07-03, Takeshi Ueno <tueno@vio.co.jp>
.\" Modified 1998-09-10, HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Modified 1999-08-14, HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2001-04-03, Yuichi SATO <ysato@h4.dion.ne.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-03-15, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-04-22, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-10-14, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-11-19, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.14
.\" Updated 2006-04-16, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.29
.\" Updated 2008-02-11, Akihiro MOTOKI, LDP v2.77
.\"
.\"WORD:	asynchronous I/O	Ʊ I/O
.\"WORD:	descriptor		ǥץ
.\"WORD:	open file description	ץե뵭
.\"WORD:	feature test macro	ǽޥ
.\"
.TH FCNTL 2 2007-12-12 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
fcntl \- եǥץԤ
.SH 
.nf
.B #include <unistd.h>
.B #include <fcntl.h>
.sp
.BI "int fcntl(int " fd ", int " cmd );
.BI "int fcntl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", long " arg );
.BI "int fcntl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", struct flock *" lock );
.fi
.SH 
.BR fcntl ()
ϡץ󤵤줿եǥץ
.I fd
˴ؤƲԤ
.I cmd
ˤäƷޤ:
.SS "եǥץʣ"
.TP
.B F_DUPFD
ѲǽʥեǥץΤ
.I arg
ʾǺǾΤΤõ
.I fd
ΥԡȤ롣̤η
.BR dup2 (2)
Ǥ롣
.BR dup2 (2)
Ǥϻꤵ줿ǥץȤ㤦
.IP
ȡǥץ֤롣
.IP
ܺ٤
.BR dup (2)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.TP
.BR F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC " (Linux 2.6.24) ʹ"
.B F_DUPFD
Ʊͤ˲äʣ줿ǥץФ
close-on-exec ե饰򥻥åȤ롣
Υե饰ꤹ뤳Ȥǡץ
.B FD_CLOEXEC
ե饰򥻥åȤ뤿
.BR fcntl ()

.B F_SETFD
ɲäǹԤɬפʤʤ롣
Υե饰ʤͭѤˤĤƤϡ
.BR open (2)

.B O_CLOEXEC
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.SS "եǥץե饰"
ʲΥޥɤȤäơեǥץ˴Ϣե饰
뤳ȤǤ롣
ߤΤȤƤե饰ϰĤǤ:
.B FD_CLOEXEC
(close-on-exec ե饰)
.B FD_CLOEXEC
ӥåȤ 0 ʤ顢եǥץ
.BR execve (2)
ԤäƤ⥪ץ󤵤줿ޤޤǤʤϥ롣
.TP
.B F_GETFD
եǥץե饰ɤ߽Ф
.TP
.B F_SETFD
եǥץե饰
.I arg
ǻꤷͤꤹ롣
.SS "ե֥ե饰"
ץե뵭 (open file description) ˤϡ
ե뵭ꤵ֥ե饰Ĥ롣Υե饰
.BR open (2)
.\" 
.\" .BR creat (2)
ˤäƽ졢
.BR fcntl (2)
ˤѹ뤳ȤǤ롣ϡ
.RB ( dup (2),
.BR fcntl (F_DUPFD),
.BR fork (2)
ʤɤ) ʣ줿եǥץƱΤ
Ʊץե뵭Ҥ򻲾Ȥ롣
Τᡢ
Ʊե֥ե饰ͭ롣

ե֥ե饰Ȥΰ̣
.BR open (2)
Ƥ롣
.TP
.B F_GETFL
ե֥ե饰ɤ߽Ф
.TP
.B F_SETFL
ե֥ե饰
.I arg
ǻꤵ줿ͤꤹ롣
.I arg
ΤեΥ⡼
.RB ( O_RDONLY ", " O_WRONLY ", " O_RDWR )
ȥեե饰 (ʤ
.BR O_CREAT ", " O_EXCL ", " O_NOCTTY ", " O_TRUNC )
˴ؤӥåȤ̵뤵롣
Linux ǤϡΥޥɤѹǤΤ
.BR O_APPEND ,
.BR O_ASYNC ,
.BR O_DIRECT ,
.BR O_NOATIME ,
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰Ǥ롣
.\" FIXME . POSIX.1-2001 ˤȡ O_SYNC  fcntl(2) ѹǤ٤
.\" ߤΤȤ Linux ǤϵĤƤʤ
.\" http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=5994 
.SS "ɥХꡦå"
.BR F_GETLK ", " F_SETLK ", " F_SETLKW
ϡ쥳ɡåγƥȤΤ˻Ѥ
(쥳ɡåϥե륻ȡå
եΰåȤƤФ)
ܤΰ
.I lock
ϡʲ˼եɤޤ๽¤ΤؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ
(եɤνϴطʤ¤Τ¾ΥեɤäƤ褤)
.in +4n
.nf
.sp
struct flock {
    ...
    short l_type;    /* Type of lock: F_RDLCK,
                        F_WRLCK, F_UNLCK */
    short l_whence;  /* How to interpret l_start:
                        SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END */
    off_t l_start;   /* Starting offset for lock */
    off_t l_len;     /* Number of bytes to lock */
    pid_t l_pid;     /* PID of process blocking our lock
                        (F_GETLK only) */
    ...
};
.fi
.in
.P
ι¤Τ
.IR l_whence ", " l_start ", " l_len
եɤǡåԤХϰϤꤹ롣
.I l_start
ϥåԤΰγϥեåȤǤ롣
ΰ̣
.I l_whence
ˤۤʤ:
.I l_whence

.B SEEK_SET
ξϥեƬΥեåȡ
.I l_whence

.B SEEK_CUR
ξϸߤΥե륪եåȤΥեåȡ
.I l_whence

.B SEEK_END
ξϥեΥեåȤȲᤵ롣
ΣĤξˤϡ
եƬˤʤʤϰϤǡ
.I l_start
ͤꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣

.I l_len
ϥåԤΰΥХȿ򼨤ǻꤹ (
դξϤ⻲)
ХȿλϡեĶϰϤޤǹԤäƤ褤
եƬˤʤäƤϤʤ
.I l_len
 0 ξ̤ʰ̣:
.IR l_whence " and " l_start
ǻꤵ֤եޤǤƤΥХȤå
(ե뤬ɤʤ礭ʤäȤƤեޤǥå)
.P
.I l_type
եɤϡեФɤ߽Фå
.RB ( F_RDLCK )
Ƚ񤭹ߥå
.RB ( F_WRLCK )
Τɤ
ꤹ뤫ꤹ롣
եΤΰФơɤ߽Фå (ͭå) ݻǤ
ץ¤Ϥʤ񤭹ߥå (¾å) ݻǤ
ΤϰĤΥץǤ롣¾åꤹȡ(ͭå
¾åˤ餺) ¾ΥåϲǤʤ
ĤΥץϡեΤΰФưΥåݻǤʤ
ΥååꤵƤΰФŬѤȡ¸Υå
ϿΥåμ̤Ѵ
(Υåǻꤵ줿ХϰϤ¸åϰϤȰפʳǤϡ
ѴβǴ¸Υåʬ䡢̾礬Ԥ뤳Ȥ)
.TP
.B F_SETLK
.RI ( l_type

.B F_RDLCK

.B F_WRLCK
ξ) åγ
.RB ( F_UNLCK
ξ) åβ
.I flock
¤ΤΥե
.IR l_whence ", " l_start ", " l_len
ǻꤵ줿ϰϤΥХȤФƹԤ
ꤵ줿å¾ΥץꤷƤåȾͤϡ
\-1 ֤
.I errno

.B EACCES

.B EAGAIN
ꤹ롣
.TP
.B F_SETLKW
.B F_SETLK
ƱͤǤϤΥեФƾͤå
ŬѤƤˡΥåΤԤۤʤ롣
ԤäƤ֤˥ʥϡƥॳǤ졢
(ʥϥɥ餬äľ) ֤ \-1 ֤ (ޤ
.I errno

.B EINTR
ꤵ)
.TP
.B F_GETLK
ΥθƤӽФˤϡ
.I lock
ˤϤΥեŬѤ褦Ȥå˴ؤäƤ롣
åŬѤǤˤϡ
.BR fcntl ()
ϼºݤˤϥåԤ鷺¤
.I lock

.I l_type
եɤ
.B F_UNLCK
ꤷ¾Υեɤѹˡ롣
㤦̤Υå (Ĥ⤷ʣ) ŬѤƤ
åŬѤǤʤ褦ʾˤϡ
.BR fcntl ()
ϡȤʤäåΰĤˤĤƤξܺپ¤
.I lock
Υե
.IR l_type ", " l_whence ", " l_start ", " l_len
˳Ǽޤ
.I l_pid
˥åݻƤץ PID ꤷơ롣
.P
ɤ߽ФåŬѤˤϡ
.I fd
ɤ߽ФѤ˥ץ󤵤ƤʤФʤʤ
񤭹ߥåŬѤˤϡ
.I fd
Ͻ񤭹Ѥ˥ץ󤵤ƤʤФʤʤ
ɤ߽ξΥåŬѤˤϡɤ߽ξѤ
ե򥪡ץ󤷤ʤФʤʤ
.P
쥳ɤΥåϡ
.B F_UNLCK
ˤŪ˺Ǥʤ
ץλȤ䡢åŬѤƤե򻲾ȤƤ
եǥץΤ줫줿ˤ롣
ΥåβϼưŪ˹Ԥ롣
.\" .RB ( open "(2), " dup "(2), " dup2 "(2), " fcntl ()
.\" θƤӽФˤäƱե򻲾Ȥեǥץ
.\" ¾ˤǤƤ뤫⤷ʤ)
ưϤޤ: ץ
.I /etc/passwd

.I /etc/mtab
Ȥäե˥åŬѤƤȤˡ
饤֥ؿͳƱե open, read, close
ȡΥեؤΥå뤳Ȥˤʤ롣
.P
쥳ɤΥå
.BR fork (2)
Ǻ줿ҥץˤϷѾʤ
.BR execve (2)
Ǥ¸롣
.P
.BR stdio (3)
ǤϥХåե󥰤ԤΤǡ
stdio ϢδؿǤϥ쥳ɤΥåλѤϲ򤵤;

.BR read (2)

.BR write (2)
Ѥ뤳ȡ
.SS "å (mandatory locking)"
ҤΥåˤϥɥХꡦå (advisory lock) ȶå (mandatory
lock) ब뤬ǥեȤǤϥɥХꡦåȤʤ롣

ɥХꡦå˶ϤϤʤĴưץ֤ǤΤ
ͭǤ롣

åƤΥץФƸ̤롣
ץߴΤʤåŬѤ줿եΰФ
.RB ( read (2)

.BR write (2)
ˤ) ߴΤʤ¹Ԥ褦Ȥ硢
η̤
ΥեΥץե뵭Ҥ
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰ͭˤʤäƤ뤫ˤޤ롣
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰ͭˤʤäƤʤȤϡå뤫
åȸߴΤ⡼ɤѴޤǡ
ƥॳ (block) 롣
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰ͭˤʤäƤȤϡƥॳϥ顼
.B EAGAIN

.B EWOULDBLOCK
ǼԤ롣

åѤ뤿ˤϡåоݤΥե뤬ޤޤե륷ƥ
ȡåоݤΥե뼫ȤξˤĤơåͭˤʤäƤʤ
Фʤʤե륷ƥˤĤƶåͭˤˤϡ
.BR mount (8)
 "\-o mand" ץϤ
.BR mount (2)

.B MS_MANDLOCK
ե饰ꤹ롣եˤĤƶåͭˤˤϡ
ΥեΥ롼׼¹Ե (group execute permission) ̵Ȥ
 set-group-ID ĥӥåȤͭˤ
.RB ( chmod (1)

.BR chmod (2)
򻲾)

Linux ζåμϿ˷礱ΤǤ롣
Ρ֥Хפ򻲾ȤΤȡ
.SS "ʥδ"
.BR F_GETOWN ", " F_SETOWN ", " F_GETSIG ", " F_SETSIG
ϡI/O ѲǽˤʤäȤ򼨤ʥ뤿˻Ѥ롣
.TP
.B F_GETOWN
եǥץ
.I fd
Υ٥ȤФ륷ʥ
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ƤץΥץID ץ롼פ롣
ץID ͤȤ֤롣
ץ롼ID ͤȤ֤ (ΥХξϤ򻲾)
.TP
.B F_SETOWN
եǥץ
.I fd
Υ٥ȯΤ餻륷ʥ
.B SIGIO

.B SIGURG
ץ
ץ ID ޤϥץ롼ID ꤹ롣
ץID ͤȤƻꤷ
ץ롼ID ͤȤƻꤹ롣
ۤȤɤξ硢ƤӽФץϽͭԤȤƼʬȤꤹ
(Ĥޤ
.I arg

.BR getpid (2)
ꤹ)

.\" glibc.info :
.BR fcntl ()

.B F_SETFL
ޥɤѤƥեǥץ
.B O_ASYNC
֥ե饰ꤷˤϡΥեǥץؤ
Ϥǽˤʤ٤
.B SIGIO
ʥ뤬롣
.B F_SETSIG

.B SIGIO
ʳ̤Υʥ褦
ΤˤȤȤǤ롣
 (permission) ΥåǼԤˤϡ
ʥۤäƼΤƤ롣

.B F_SETOWN
ˤꤵ줿ͭԤΥץ (ޤϥץ롼) 
ʥݤˤϡ
.BR kill (2)
˽񤫤ƤΤƱĤΥåԤ롣
ΤȤʥץ
.B F_SETOWN
ȤäץǤ
(âΡ֥ХפξϤ򻲾ȤΤ)

եǥץåȤ򻲾ȤƤϡ
.B F_SETOWN
ѤơåȤӰ賰 (out-of-band) ǡϤ
.B SIGURG
ʥ򤹤뤳ȤǤ
.RB ( SIGURG
줿ˤ
.BR select (2)
åȤ̤ʾ֡פˤ𤹤뤳Ȥ)
.\" ʲεҤϥߤ
.\" ͥ륽򸫤ȤεҤϴְäƤ褦
.\" ץ񤤤ƤߤȤüΥեɡץ롼פ
.\" ʤƤ⡢ü SIGIO ʥȤ롣
.\" -- MTK, 8 Apr 05
.\"
.\" եǥץüǥХ򻲾ȤƤˤϡ
.\" SIGIO ʥϤüΥեɡץ롼פؤ롣

åɥ롼פ򥵥ݡȤƤ륹åɥ饤֥ (㤨 NPTL) 
ȤäưƤޥåɡץ
.B F_SETSIG
 0 ʳͤꤷ硢
.B F_SETOWN
ͤϤȡΰ̣äƤ:
.\" The relevant place in the (2.6) kernel source is the
.\" 'switch' in fs/fcntl.c::send_sigio_to_task() -- MTK, Apr 2005
ץΤ򼨤ץID ǤϤʤץ
åɤ򼨤åID Ȳᤵ롣
äơ
.B F_SETSIG
Ȥˤϡȷ̤ˤϡ
.B F_SETOWN
Ϥͤ
.BR getpid (2)
ǤϤʤ
.BR gettid (2)
֤ͤˤɬפ
( Linux åɼǤϡᥤ󡦥åɤΥåID 
ΥåɤΥץID ƱǤ롣Ĥޤꡢ
ʥ롦åɤΥץǤϤξ
.BR gettid (2)

.BR getpid (2)
Ʊ褦˻ȤȤǤ롣)
դ٤ȤơǽҤ٤Ȥϡ
åȤӰ賰ǡϤȤ
.B SIGURG
ʥˤϤƤϤޤʤ
ΥʥϾ˥ץץ롼פ졢

.B F_SETOWN
Ϥ줿ͤˤäƷ롣
.\" send_sigurg()/send_sigurg_to_task() bypasses
.\" kill_fasync()/send_sigio()/send_sigio_to_task()
.\" to directly call send_group_sig_info()
.\"	-- MTK, Apr 2005 (kernel 2.6.11)
ޤʲˤդ뤳ȡ
Linux ǤϰĤΥץФƥ塼ꥢ륿
ʥο˾¤ߤƤ
.RB ( getrlimit (2)

.BR signal (7)
򻲾)ξ¤ãȥͥ
.B SIGIO
ʥ롣
.B SIGIO
ʥϡꤵ줿åɤǤϤʤץΤ롣
.\" See fs/fcntl.c::send_sigio_to_task() (2.4/2.6) sources -- MTK, Apr 05
.TP
.B F_GETSIG
ϤϤǽˤʤä륷ʥ롣
ͥ
.B SIGIO
뤳Ȥ̣롣
.RB ( SIGIO
ޤ) ¾ͤϤ⡢
.B SIGIO
륷ʥֹɽ
Ԥξ硢ʥϥɥ
.B SA_SIGINFO
ե饰դꤹСϥɥɲäξ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B F_SETSIG
ϤϤǽˤʤä륷ʥꤹ롣
ͥ
.B SIGIO
뤳Ȥ̣롣
.RB ( SIGIO
ޤ) ¾ͤϤ⡢
.B SIGIO
륷ʥֹɽ
Ԥξ硢ʥϥɥ
.B SA_SIGINFO
ե饰դꤹС
ϥɥɲäξ뤳ȤǤ롣

ޤ
.B F_SETSIG
 0 ʳͤϤȡʥμԤץΤ
ץΥåɤѹ롣ܺ٤
.B F_SETOWN
򻲾ȤΤȡ

.B F_SETSIG
˥ʳͤꤷʥϥɥ
.B SA_SIGINFO
ե饰ꤹȡ
.RB ( sigaction (2)
򻲾) I/O ٥Ȥ˴ؤɲäξ
.I siginfo_t
¤ΤǥʥϥɥϤ롣
.I si_code
եɤʥθ
.B SI_SIGIO
Ǥ硢
.I si_fd
եɤˤϥ٥ȤбեǥץäƤ롣
ʳξϡɤΥեǥץѲǽ򼨤
ʤΤǡɤΥեǥץ I/O ǽȽǤ뤿ˤ
̾ε
.RB ( select (2),
.BR poll (2),
.B O_NONBLOCK
ꤷ
.BR read (2)
ʤ) ѤʤФʤʤ

ꥢ륿ॷʥ (ͤ
.B SIGRTMIN
ʾ) 򤷤Ƥϡ
Ʊʥֹʣ I/O ٥Ȥ塼뤳Ȥ
(塼뤫ɤѲǽʥ˰¸Ƥ)
嵭Ʊ͡ 
.B SA_SIGINFO
ꤵƤ硢ʥϥɥΤɲäξ롣
.PP
εѤ뤳ȤǡۤȤɤξ
.BR select (2)

.BR poll (2)
Ѥ˴Ʊ I/O 뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR O_ASYNC ,
.BR F_GETOWN ,
.B F_SETOWN
λѤ BSD  Linux ͭǤ롣
.B F_GETSIG

.B F_SETSIG
 Linux ͭǤ롣POSIX ˤϡƱͤΤȤԤˡƱ I/O 
.I aio_sigevent
¤Τ롣Linux ǤϡGNU C 饤֥ (Glibc) ΰȤ
ѲǽǤ롣
.SS "꡼ (leases)"
(Linix 2.4 ʹߤѲǽ)
.B F_SETLEASE
ϡ
.I fd
Ȥ륪ץե뵭ҤФƿ꡼ꤹΤ˻Ѥ롣
.B F_GETLEASE
ϡ
.I fd
Ȥ륪ץե뵭ҤФꤵƤ
ߤΥ꡼Τ˻Ѥ롣
եΥ꡼ˤꡢ
ץ ("lease breaker") Υեǥץ
ƤեФ
.BR open (2)

.BR truncate (2)
ԤȤݤˡ꡼ݻƤץ ("lease holder") 
(ʥˤ) ΤԤȤ󶡤롣
.TP
.B F_SETLEASE
.I arg
Ƥ˴𤤤ƥեΥ꡼ꡢԤ
.I arg
ˤϰʲͤǤ:

.RS
.TP
.B F_RDLCK
ɤ߽Ф꡼롣ˤꡢ
Υե뤬񤭹Ѥ˥ץ󤵤줿ꡢե뤬ڤͤ줿ˡ
ƤӽФΥץΤԤ褦ˤʤ롣
.\" ʲƤϥͥ 2.6.10 Ǽ줿
.\" ܤ man-pages-2.09  Changelog 򻲾ȡ
ɤ߽Ф꡼ǤΤϡɤ߽ФѤǥץ󤵤Ƥ
եǥץФƤΤߤǤ롣
.TP
.B F_WRLCK
񤭹ߥ꡼롣ˤꡢ
(ɤ߽ФѤ񤭹Ѥˤ餺) Υե뤬ץ󤵤줿ꡢ
ե뤬ڤͤ줿ˡƤӽФΥץΤԤ褦ˤʤ롣
񤭹ߥ꡼ϡΥեФ륪ץ󤵤줿եǥץ
¾ˤʤˤΤǤ롣
.TP
.B F_UNLCK
Υե뤫꡼롣
.RE
.P
꡼ϥץե뵭ҤФƴϢդ
.RB ( open (2)
)
Ĥޤꡢ
.RB ( fork (2)

.BR dup (2)
ʤɤˤ줿) եǥץʣƱ꡼򻲾Ȥ
ʣޤ᤿ɤΥեǥץȤäƤ⤳Υ꡼ѹ
Ǥ롣
ޤΥեǥץΤ줫Ф
.B F_UNLCK
Ū˼¹Ԥ줿䡢٤ƤΥեǥץ
Ĥ줿ˤ⡢꡼ϲ롣
.P
꡼μ̾Υե (regular file) ФƤΤ߲ǽǤ롣
øץ꡼ǤΤϡUID (ͭ) ץ
ե륷ƥ UID ȰפեФƤǤ롣
.B CAP_LEASE
ѥӥƥĥץǤդΥեФƥ꡼Ǥ롣
.TP
.B F_GETLEASE
եǥץ
.I fd
ФꤵƤ꡼μ̤롣
.BR F_RDLCK ", " F_WRLCK ", " F_UNLCK
Τ줫֤롣
.BR F_RDLCK ", " F_WRLCK
Ϥ줾졢ɤ߽Ф꡼񤭹ߥ꡼ꤵƤ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.B F_UNLCK
ϥ꡼ꤵƤʤȤ򼨤
.RB ( fcntl ()
3Ͼά롣)
.PP
ץ ("lease folder") 
.B F_SETLEASE
ꤵ줿꡼̷⤹褦
.BR open (2)

.BR truncate (2)
¹Ԥ硢
Υƥॳϥͥˤäߤ졢
ͥ lease holder ˥ʥ (ǥեȤǤ
.BR SIGIO )
äΤԤ
lease holder ϤΥʥȤˤϤб٤Ǥ롣
Ūˤϡ̤ΥץΥե˥뤿νȤ
ɬפʸդ (㤨Сå夵줿ХåեΥեå) 
٤ƹԤäƤ顢ΥեΥ꡼κޤϳʲԤ
꡼򤹤ˤϡ
.I arg

.B F_UNLCK
ꤷ
.B F_SETLEASE
¹Ԥ롣
lease holder ե˽񤭹ߥ꡼ݻƤơ
lease breaker ɤ߽ФѤˤΥե򥪡ץ󤷤Ƥ硢
lease holder ݻƤ꡼ɤ߽Ф꡼˳ʲ
ʬǤ롣򤹤ˤϡ
.I arg

.B F_RDLCK
ꤷ
.B F_SETLEASE
¹Ԥ롣

lease holder 
.I /proc/sys/fs/lease-break-time
ǻꤵ줿ÿ˥꡼γʲԤʤä硢
ͥ϶Ūˤ lease holder Υ꡼⤷ϳʲԤ

٥꡼κʲȯŪ⤷϶Ū˹Ԥȡ
lease breaker ޤƥॳƳƤʤˤϡ
ͥ뤬 lease breaker Υƥॳ³ԤĤ롣

lease breaker ¹Ԥ
.BR open (2)

.BR truncate (2)
˥ʥϥɥˤǤ줿硢
Υƥॳ
.B EINTR
顼ǼԤ뤬ǽҤ٤¾ν
Τޤ޹Ԥ롣
.BR open (2)

.BR truncate (2)
 lease breaker ʥˤ kill 줿硢
ǽҤ٤¾νϤΤޤ޹Ԥ롣
lease breaker 
.BR open (2)
Ƥֺݤ
.B O_NONBLOCK
ե饰ꤷ硢Υƥॳ
.B EWOULDBLOCK
顼ľ˼Ԥ뤬ǽҤ٤¾νϤΤޤ޹Ԥ롣

lease holder ؤΤ˻ȤǥեȤΥʥ
.B SIGIO

.BR fcntl ()

.B F_SETSIG
ޥɤѹ뤳ȤǤ롣
.B F_SETSIG
ޥɤ¹Ԥ
.RB ( SIGIO
ꤵ줿ޤ)
.B SA_SIGINFO
ե饰դǥʥϥɥ餬ꤵƤˤϡ
ϥɥȤ
.I siginfo_t
¤ΤϤ졢ΰ
.I si_fd
եɤˤ̤Υץ꡼Ѥߥե
ǥץäƤ
(εǽʣΥեФƥ꡼ꤹͭѤǤ)
.SS "եǥ쥯ȥѹ (dnotify)"
.TP
.B F_NOTIFY
(Linux 2.4 ʹ)
.I fd
ǻȤǥ쥯ȥ꤫ˤեѹä
ΤԤɤΥ٥ȤΤ뤫
.I arg
ǻꤹ롣
.I arg
ϥӥåȥޥǡʲΥӥåȤ 0İʾ¤ȤäΤꤹ롣
.RS
.sp
.PD 0
.TP 12
.B DN_ACCESS
եؤΥä (read, pread, readv)
.TP
.B DN_MODIFY
եƤѹ줿 (write, pwrite, writev, truncate, ftruncate).
.TP
.B DN_CREATE
ե뤬줿 (open, creat, mknod, mkdir, link, symlink, rename).
.TP
.B DN_DELETE
ե뤬 (unlink) 줿 (unlink, ̤Υǥ쥯ȥؤ rename, rmdir)
.TP
.B DN_RENAME
ǥ쥯ȥǤΥե̾ѹä (rename)
.TP
.B DN_ATTRIB
ե°ѹ줿 (chown, chmod, utime[s])
.PD
.RE
.IP
(嵭Ѥˤ
.B _GNU_SOURCE
ǽޥʤФʤʤ)

ǥ쥯ȥѹΤְ̾¤ (one-shot)פǤꡢ
ץꥱ¦Ǥθ夵Τ
ϿʤФʤʤ
.I arg

.B DN_MULTISHOT
ޤޤƤˤϡ
ѹΤŪ˲ޤ֤ͭ³롣

.\" ʲ API ߷פޤȻפΤ...
.B F_NOTIFY
׵ѻƤĤޤꡢ
.I arg
ǻꤵ줿٥ȤǤ˥˥Ƥ
٥Ƚ˲ûˤʤ롣
٤ƤΥ٥ȤΤ̵ˤˤϡ
.I arg
 0 ꤷ
.B F_NOTIFY
ƤӽФɬפ롣

ΤϥʥǹԤ롣
ǥեȤΥʥ
.B SIGIO

.BR fcntl ()

.B F_SETSIG
ޥɤѹ뤳ȤǤ롣
Ԥξˤϡ
.RB ( SA_SIGINFO
ե饰դǥʥϥɥ餬ꤵƤˤ)
ϥɥȤ
.I siginfo_t
¤ΤϤ졢ι¤Τ
.I si_fd
եɤˤΤιԤ줿եǥץäƤ
(εǽʣΥǥ쥯ȥФΤꤹͭѤǤ)

ä
.B DN_MULTISHOT
ȤϡΤˤϥꥢ륿ॷʥȤ٤Ǥ롣
ϡꥢ륿ॷʥȤȤǡʣΤ򥭥塼
ȤǤ뤫Ǥ롣

.B :
ץꥱ񤯺ݤˤϡ(ͥ 2.6.13 ʹߤѲǽȤʤä)
.I inotify
󥿥եѤ뤳ȤƤ٤Ǥ롣
.I inotify
ϥե륷ƥ।٥ȤΤ뤿ξ̥󥿥եǤ롣
.BR inotify (7)
򻲾ȡ
.SH ֤
֤ͤμˤ㤦:
.TP 0.9i
.B F_DUPFD
ǥץ֤
.TP
.B F_GETFD
ե饰֤ͤ
.TP
.B F_GETFL
ե饰֤ͤ
.TP
.B F_GETLEASE
եǥץФݻƤ꡼μ̤֤
.TP
.B F_GETOWN
ǥץνͭԤ֤
.TP
.B F_GETSIG
ɤ߹ߤ񤭽Фǽˤʤä륷ʥ͡⤷
Ū
.B SIGIO
ưξˤϥ֤
.TP
¾ƤΥޥɤ 0 ֤
.PP
顼λ \-1 ֤졢
.I errno
Ŭڤͤꤵ롣
.SH 顼
.TP
.BR EACCES "  " EAGAIN
¾ΥץݻƤåˤäػߤƤ롣
.TP
.B EAGAIN
Υե¾ΥץˤäƥꡦޥåפƤ뤿ᡢ
ػߤƤ롣
.TP
.B EBADF
.I fd
ץ󤵤줿եǥץǤʤ
뤤ϥޥɤ
.B F_SETLK
ޤ
.B F_SETLKW
äоݤΥեǥץΥץ⡼ɤ
ɬפȤʤåη˥ޥåƤʤ
.TP
.B EDEADLK
ꤵ줿
.B F_SETLKW
ޥɤ¹Ԥˤϥǥåɥåˤʤ뤳ȤФ줿
.TP
.B EFAULT
.I lock
Ѳǽʥɥ쥹֤γˤ롣
.TP
.B EINTR
.B F_SETLKW
ޥɤʥˤޤ줿
.BR F_GETLK "  " F_SETLK
ξ硢åǧꤹ˥ʥˤäƳޤ줿
ϤƤ⡼ȤΥեå
(㤨 NFS ǥå) ˵롣
Ǥⵯ礬롣
.TP
.B EINVAL
.BR F_DUPFD ǡ
.I arg
餫⤷ϵͤ礭
.B F_SETSIG
ξ硢
.I arg
ѲǽʥʥֹǤϤʤ
.TP
.B EMFILE
.BR F_DUPFD ǡ
ץǤ˺ޤǥեǥץ򥪡ץ󤷤Ƥ롣
.TP
.B ENOLCK
ץ󤵤Ƥåο¿᤮ơåơ֥뤬äѤǤ롣
ޤ remote locking protocol (㤨 NFS Υå) Ԥ
.TP
.B EPERM
ɲ°ꤵ줿ե
.B O_APPEND
ե饰򥯥ꥢ褦Ȼߤ
.SH 
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
POSIX.1-2001 ǵꤵƤϡ
.BR F_DUPFD ,
.BR F_GETFD ,
.BR F_SETFD ,
.BR F_GETFL ,
.BR F_SETFL ,
.BR F_GETLK ,
.BR F_SETLK ,
.BR F_SETLKW ,
.BR F_GETOWN ,
.B F_SETOWN
Ǥ롣

.BR F_GETSIG ,
.BR F_SETSIG ,
.BR F_NOTIFY ,
.BR F_GETLEASE ,
.B F_SETLEASE
 Linux ͭǤ (ͭˤˤ
.B _GNU_SOURCE
ޥ뤳)
.\" .PP
.\" SVr4 ˤ¾ EFAULT, EINTR, EIO, ENOLINK, EOVERFLOW 顼֤ˤĤƤ
.\" Ҥ롣
.SH 
顼κݤ֤ͤ
.BR dup2 (2)

.B F_DUPFD
ǤϰۤʤäƤ롣

ͥ 2.0 ʹߤǤϡ
.BR flock (2)

.BR fcntl ()
ꤹå̤δ֤ߺѤϤʤ

POSIX.1-2001 Ǥ
.I l_len
ͤˤ뤳ȤǤ
(ξ硢åХȰ֤
.IR l_start + l_len
ʾ
.IR l_start \-1
ʲȤʤ)
ư Linux 2.4.21  2.5.49 ʹߤǥݡȤƤ롣

ƥˤäƤϡ
.I "struct flock"
˾嵭ʳΥեɤΤ⤢ (㤨
.IR l_sysid )
.\" e.g., Solaris 8 documents this field in fcntl(2), and Irix 6.5
.\" documents it in fcntl(5).  mtk, May 2007
Ϥäȸ뤳ȤϡåݻƤץ̤Υޥ¸
ˤϡ
.I l_pid
ϤޤˤʤȤȤǤ롣
.SH Х
ĤΥƥ (ä i386) ˤ Linux ƥॳδ
Τʲ¤¸ߤ롣
.B F_GETOWN
֤ () ץ롼ID  \-1  \-4095 ϰϤä硢
glibc Ϥ֤ͤ򥷥ƥॳǥ顼ä
ְäƲᤷƤޤĤޤꡢ
.BR fcntl ()
֤ͤ \-1 Ȥʤꡢ
.I errno
ˤ () ץ롼ID ꤵ뤳Ȥˤʤ롣
.\" mtk, Dec 04: alpha  ia64 ǤϡƥȤƤߤ¤ꡢ
.\" ֤ɤʡ PGID Ǥ F_GETOWN ǥ顼äȴְä
.\" ᤵƤޤ褦¾ΤĤΥƥǤϡ
.\" i386 ƱͤϰϤΥåԤƤ褦

Linux 2.4 Ǥϡøץ
.B F_SETOWN
ȤäơåȤΥեǥץνͭԤ
ƤӽФʳΥץ (ץ롼) ꤹ
ȯХ롣ξ硢
ƤӽФͭԤȤƻꤷץ (ץ롼) 
ʥĤäƤȤƤ⡢
.BR fcntl ()
 \-1 ֤
.I errno

.B EPERM
ꤹ뤳Ȥ롣
Υ顼֤äˤ⤫餺եǥץνͭ
ꤵ졢ʥϤνͭԤ롣

ޤǤ Linux ƤΥСˤ붯åμϡ
ﲼǶåԴˤʤ褦ʾ礬롣
.\" http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=119013491707153&w=2
åȽŤʤäƼ¹Ԥ줿
.BR write (2)
θƤӽФ϶å줿ˤǡѹ뤳ȤǤ롣
åȽŤʤäƼ¹Ԥ줿
.BR read (2)
θƤӽФ϶å줿ˤʤäƹԤ줿ǡѹ
Ф뤳ȤǤ롣
Ʊͤζ郎å
.BR mmap (2)
δ֤ˤ¸ߤ롣椨åΤϤǤʤ
.SH Ϣ
.BR dup2 (2),
.BR flock (2),
.BR open (2),
.BR socket (2),
.BR lockf (3),
.BR capabilities (7),
.BR feature_test_macros (7)
.P
ͥ륽
.IR Documentation/locks.txt ,
.IR Documentation/mandatory.txt ,
.I Documentation/dnotify.txt
⻲ȤΤȡ