.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" Chris Torek and the American National Standards Committee X3,
.\" on Information Processing Systems.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by the University of
.\"	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"    without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\"     @(#)scanf.3	6.14 (Berkeley) 1/8/93
.\"
.\" Converted for Linux, Mon Nov 29 15:22:01 1993, faith@cs.unc.edu
.\" modified to resemble the GNU libio setup used in the Linux libc
.\" used in versions 4.x (x>4) and 5   Helmut.Geyer@iwr.uni-heidelberg.de
.\" Modified, aeb, 970121
.\" 2005-07-14, mtk, added description of %n$ form; various text
.\"	incorporated from the GNU C library documentation ((C) The
.\"	Free Software Foundation); other parts substantially rewritten.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997 YOSHINO Takashi
.\"       all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1998-02-17, YOSHINO Takashi <yoshino@civil.jcn.nihon-u.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2003-02-23, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2005-09-18, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD:	conversion specifications	Ѵ
.\"WORD:	type modifier			
.\"
.TH SCANF 3  2007-07-26 "GNU" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
scanf, fscanf, sscanf, vscanf, vsscanf, vfscanf \- դѴ
.SH 
.nf
.B #include <stdio.h>

.BI "int scanf(const char *" format ", ...);"
.BI "int fscanf(FILE *" stream ", const char *" format ", ...);"
.BI "int sscanf(const char *" str ", const char *" format ", ...);"
.sp
.B #include <stdarg.h>

.BI "int vscanf(const char *" format ", va_list " ap );
.BI "int vsscanf(const char *" str ", const char *" format ", va_list " ap );
.BI "int vfscanf(FILE *" stream ", const char *" format ", va_list " ap );
.fi
.sp
.in -4n
glibc εǽޥ׷
.RB ( feature_test_macros (7)
):
.in
.sp
.BR vscanf (),
.BR vsscanf (),
.BR vfscanf ():
_XOPEN_SOURCE\ >=\ 600 || _ISOC99_SOURCE; or
.I "cc -std=c99"
.SH 
.BR scanf ()
ؿ롼פϡʲ˽Ҥ٤褦ˡ
.I format
˽äϤɤ߹ΤǤ롣
ν񼰤ˤ
.I "Ѵ (conversion specifications)"
ޤ뤳ȤǤѴ꤬СѴη̤
.I format
³
.I pointer
ؤ˳Ǽ롣
줾
.I pointer
ηϡбѴ꤬֤ͤ
Ŭ礷ƤʤФʤʤ

.I format
ѴθĿ
.I pointer
ο¿äη̤̤Ǥ롣
.I pointer
οѴθĿ¿ä硢
;ʬ
.I pointer
ɾϹԤ뤬ʳϹԤ줺̵뤵롣

.BR scanf ()
ؿɸϥȥ꡼
.I stdin
Ϥɤ߹ࡣ
.BR fscanf ()
ϥȥ꡼ݥ
.I stream
Ϥɤ߹ࡣ
.BR sscanf ()
ʸݥ
.I str
Ǽ줿ʸ󤫤Ϥɤ߹ࡣ
.PP
.BR vfscanf ()
ؿ
.BR vfprintf (3)
Ʊͤˡȥ꡼ݥ
.I stream
Ϥݥ󥿤βĹꥹȤѤɤ߹
.RB ( stdarg (3)
򻲾)
.BR vscanf ()
ؿϡĹΥꥹȤ˴ŤɸϤɤ߼Ԥ
.BR vsscanf ()
ؿϤΥꥹȤ˴Ťʸ󤫤ɤ߼롣
δط
.BR vprintf (3)

.BR vsprintf (3)
ؿδطƱͤǤ롣
.PP
.I format
ʸ
.I "̿ (directive)"
ǹ롣̿ʸηɤΤ褦˽뤫ؼ
ΤǤ롣̿νԤȡϤϤʾɤ߹ޤ줺
.BR scanf ()
֤롣ּԡפ
.I "Ϥμԡ (input failure)"

.I "ְפμԡ (matching failure)"
Τ줫Ǥ롣
ϤμԤʸѤǤʤäȤ̣
פμԤϤŬڤǤä () ̣롣

̿ϰʲΤ줫Ǥ:
.TP
\(bu
ۥ磻ȥڡ (ڡ֡Ԥʤ;
.BR isspace (3)
) 
̿ϡǤդθĿΥۥ磻ȥڡ˰פ롣
(ֲʤפˤפ)
.TP
\(bu
̾ʸ (Ĥޤꡢۥ磻ȥڡ '%' ʳʸ)
ʸϤμʸΤ˰פʤФʤʤ
.TP
\(bu
ѴꡣѴ '%' (ѡ) ʸǻϤޤ롣
Ϥ줿ʸηϤλˤȤŤѴ졢
Ѵ̤б
.I pointer
ؤ˳Ǽ롣
ϤμʸѴȰפʤϡѴϼԤ
\(em 줬
.I "ְפμԡ (matching failure)"
Ǥ롣
.PP
.I format
γơ
.I "Ѵ"
ʸ '%' ʸ "\fB%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$\fP"
(㤤ˤĤƤϸ) ǻϤޤꡢʲǤ³
.TP
\(bu
ʸ '*' (άǽ)
.BR scanf ()
Ѵ˻ؼ줿̤Ϥɤ߹बϤϼΤƤ롣
б
.I pointer
ɬפʤ
.BR scanf ()
֤ˤλϴޤޤʤ
.TP
\(bu
ʸ 'a' (άǽ)ʸѴȤȤ˻Ѥ졢Ȥ
ƤӽФϤݻбХåեݤɬפʤʤ롣

.BR scanf ()
ɬפ礭ΥХåեݤΥХåեΥɥ쥹
б
.I pointer
롣
.I pointer

.I "char *"
ѿؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
(ѿΤϸƤӽФ˽ƤɬפϤʤ)
ƤӽФϡפˤʤäǡΥХåե
.BR free (3)
٤Ǥ롣εǽ GNU ˤĥǤ롣
C99  'a' ʸѴȤƻѤƤ
( GNU μƱ褦˻Ѥ뤳ȤǤ)
.TP
\(bu
.I "ֺե"
ꤹ 10ʿ (άǽ)
κͤã뤫פʤʸĤ뤫Τɤ餫
ʤȡʸɤ߹ߤߤ롣
ۤȤɤѴǤϡƬΥۥ磻ȥڡʸϼΤƤ
(㳰ˤĤƤϸҤ)
ΤƤ줿ʸϺեη׻ˤϴޤޤʤ
ʸѴǤϡϤ򼨤̥뽪üʸ ('\\0')
Ǽ뤬եˤϤνüʸϴޤޤʤ
.TP
\(bu
.I "ַҡ (type modifier characters)"
(άǽ)
㤨С
.B l

.B %d
ʤɤѴȰ˻Ȥȡб
.I pointer

.I int
ǤϤʤ
.I "long int"
򻲾ȤƤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
\(bu
.I "Ѵ"
: ¹Ԥ٤Ѵμꤹ롣
.PP
.I format
Ѵϡ'%' ǻϤޤ뤫
"\fB%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$\fP" ǻϤޤ뤫Ρ줫ηǤ롣
 2ĤηƱ
.I format
ʸ˺뤳ȤϤǤʤâ"\fB%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$\fP" 
ޤʸ
.B %%

.B %*
ޤ뤳ȤϤǤ롣
.I format
 '%' ꤬ޤޤƤ硢ơ '%' 
³
.I pointer
Ϥν̤б롣
"\fB%\fP\fIn\fP\fB$\fP" 
(POSIX.1-2001 ǤϵꤵƤ뤬C99 ˤϤʤ)
Ǥϡ
.I n
 10ʿǤꡢѴϤ
.I format
θ
.I n
ܤ
.I pointer
Ȥ˳Ǽ뤳Ȥꤹ롣
.SS Ѵ
Ѵˤϡʲ
.I "ַҡ"
뤳ȤǤ롣
.TP
.B h
Ѵ
.B diouxX
ޤ
.B n
Τ줫ǤꡢΥݥ󥿤
.RI ( int
ǤϤʤ)
.I short int

.I unsigned short int
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.TP
.B hh
.B h
ƱΥݥ󥿤
.I signed char

.I unsigned char
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.TP
.B j
.B h
ƱΥݥ󥿤
.I intmax_t

.I uintmax_t
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
νҤ C99 Ƴ줿
.TP
.B l
Ѵ
.B diouxX

.B n
Τ줫Ǥ꼡Υݥ󥿤
.RI ( int
ǤϤʤ)
.I long int

.I unsigned long int
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳ȡޤϡѴ
.B efg
ΤΤҤȤĤǤ꼡Υݥ󥿤
.RI ( float
ǤϤʤ)
.I double
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳ȤΤ줫Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.B l
ʸĻꤹȡ
.B L
Ʊ̣Ȥʤ롣
.B %c

.B %s
ȤȤ˻Ѥȡ
ѥ᡼Ϥ줾磻ʸ磻ʸؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ
ߤʤ롣
.\" l Τλˡ ISO C90  Amendment 1 Ƴ줿
.TP
.B L
.B efg
ѴǡΥݥ󥿤
.I "long double"
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤⤷ϡ
.B dioux
ѴǡΥݥ󥿤
.I "long long"
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳ȤΤ줫Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
.\" MTK, Jul 05: ʲƤϿ ANSI C (Ĥޤ C99) Ǥ
.\" Ϥʤ
.\" (long long 
.\" .I ANSI C
.\" ǵꤵ줿ǤϤʤȤդ褦
.\" ѤץƤΥƥФ
.\" ܿǽǤϤʤ)
.TP
.B q
.B L
ƱǤ롣
νҤ ANSI C ˤ¸ߤʤ
.TP
.B t
.B h
ƱͤΥݥ󥿤
.I ptrdiff_t
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
νҤ C99 Ƴ줿
.TP
.B z
.B h
ƱͤΥݥ󥿤
.I size_t
ؤΥݥ󥿤Ǥ뤳Ȥ򼨤
νҤ C99 Ƴ줿
.PP
ʲ
.I Ѵҡ
ѲǽǤ롣
.TP
.B %
ʸ '%' б롣
ʸ
.B %\&%
ñʸ '%' б롣
ѴϹԤ줺ѿؤʤ
.TP
.B d
Ĥ 10ʤб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I int
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B D
.I ld
ƱǤ롣ϰλͤȤθߴΤˤ롣
(:  libc4 ξǤ롣 libc5  glibc Ǥ
.B %D
ϰۤΤ̵뤵졢ŤץˤԤθȤʤ롣)
.TP
.B i
Ĥб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I int
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ

.I 0x
ޤ
.I 0X
dzϤˤ 16 ʿ
.I 0
dzϤˤ 8 ʿ¾ξˤ 10ʿȤɤ߹ޤ롣
ѴǻѤʸϡδбƤΤǤ롣
.TP
.B o
ʤ 8 ʤб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I "unsigned int"
ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B u
ʤ 10ʤб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I "unsigned int"
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B x
ʤ 16 ʤб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I "unsigned int"
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B X
.B x
ƱǤ롣
.TP
.B f
Ĥư¿б롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I float
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B e
.B f
ƱǤ롣
.TP
.B g
.B f
ƱǤ롣
.TP
.B E
.B f
ƱǤ롣
.TP
.B a
(C99)
.B f
ƱǤ롣
.TP
.B s
ۥ磻ȥڡǤϤʤʸǹ줿ʸб롣
Υݥ󥿤ʸؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤ餺
ʸϡϤ줿ʸ (ưŪɲä)
̥뽪üʸ ('\\0') ǼΤ˽ʬ礭ǤʤФʤʤ
ʸϤϡۥ磻ȥڡϤ뤫ե
ã뤫Τɤ餫ߤ롣
.TP
.B c
.I "ֺե"
(ǥեȤ 1) ǻꤵ줿ʸб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I char
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǡ٤ƤʸǼΤ˽ʬΰ褬
ʤФʤʤ (ü NULL ХȤɲäʤ)
̾ԤƬΥۥ磻ȥڡɤФϹԤʤ
ƬΥۥ磻ȥڡɤФˤϡ
եޥåʸŪ˥ڡѤɤ
.TP
.B \&[
Ǽ줿ʸΤФ줿
ꤵ줿ʸνǹǤϤʤʸб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I char
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤ餺
ˤʸΤ٤ƤʸȽü NULL Х
Ǽ뤿νʬΰ褬ʤФʤʤ
̾ԤƬΥۥ磻ȥڡɤФϹԤʤ
ʸ̤ʽʸǹƤ롣
ν

.B [
Ĥ
.B ]
δ֤ʸ롣
̤ΤȤκǽʸʥȵ
.RB ( ^ )
ξ硢ϤʸޤޤʤΤȤʤ롣
Ĥ̤򽸹˴ޤޤ뤿ˤϡʸ򳫤̤ޤ
ʥȵΤȤκǽʸˤФ褤
Ĥޤꡢ¾ΰ֤Ĥ̤֤ʸν礬롣
ϥե
.B \-
ޤüʸǤ롣
Ĥΰۤʤʸδ֤֤줿ʸϡ
δ֤ˤƤʸ򽸹˲ä롣
ϥեΤޤޤ뤿ˤϡ
̤ĤκǸΰʸϥեˤФ褤
㤨С
.B [^]0\-9\-]
ϡĤ̡0  9ϥե 3 Ƥʸפν̣롣
ʸ
˴ޤޤƤʤ (ʥȤξˤϴޤޤ) ʸ
иޤϳݤ줿ΰ褬Ȥڤ줿˽λ롣
.TP
.B p
.RB ( printf (3)

.B %p
ǰ褦) ݥͤб롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I void
ؤΥݥ󥿤ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
.TP
.B n
ɤϤɬפȤʤ
Τˡ
Ϥ餳ޤǾ񤵤줿ʸΥݥ󥿤ǻꤵ줿
Ǽ롣
Υݥ󥿤
.I int
ؤΥݥ󥿤ǤʤФʤʤ
ѴΤǤ
.B *
ʸȤä뤳ȤǤΤ
ѴҤѴǤϡ֤ʤס
C ɸ൬ʤǤϡּ¹Ԥδλ֤β
.B %n
̿μ¹ԤǤäʤפȤʤäƤ뤬
ɽƤϤ̷⤹褦Ǥ롣餯
.B %n
Ѵ֤ͤͿƶˤĤƤϤɤΤ褦ʲ⤷ʤΤ
Ǥ
.SH ֤
δؿϡפǤθĿ֤
֤ͤϤ줿ѴθĿ⾯ʤȤ⤢ꡢ
ǽ˰פμԤäˤ 0 ˤʤ뤳Ȥ⤢롣

ǽѴϤκǸãơפμԤäˤϡ
.B EOF
֤롣ޤ
ɤ߹ߥ顼ȯˤ
.B EOF
֤롣ɤ߹ߥ顼ξˤϡΥȥ꡼
顼ؼҤåȤ
.RB ( ferror (3)
)
.I errno
˥顼򼨤ͤåȤ롣
.SH 
.BR fscanf (),
.BR scanf (),
.BR sscanf ()
ؿ C89  C99 ˽򤷤Ƥ롣
.PP
.B q
Ҥ
.I "long long"
 4.4BSD ǤεˡǤ롣
ѴǤ
.B ll
ޤ
.B L
λѤ GNU ǤγĥǤ롣
.PP
δؿ Linux Ǥ
.I GNU
.I libio
饤֥꡼򸵤ˤƤ롣
ʷˤ
.I GNU
.I libc (glibc-1.08)

.I info
ʸܤ̤ȡ
.SH Х
Ƥδؿϡ C89 ˽򤷤Ƥ롣
ɲä
.B q

.B a
Ҥ󶡤ƤꡢƱͤ
.B L

.B l
ҤղŪʿ񤤤⤢롣Ԥϡ
C89 줿Ҥο񤤤ѹΤʤΤǡ
ХȤߤʤ뤫⤷ʤ
.PP
ANSI C 줿ҤѴҤȤ߹碌ˤ
̣ʤʤΤ
(㤨С
.BR "%Ld" )
餬ꤵ줿硢
Linux ǤϤϤä줿񤤤򤹤뤫⤷ʤ
¾ΥƥǤƱͤˤʤäƤȤϸ¤ʤ
椨ˡۤȤɤξ硢
ANSI C ƤʤҤѤɤ
ʤ
.B diouxX
Ѵ
.B ll
Ȥ߹碌ˤϡ
.B L

.B q
Ѥɤ
.PP
.B q
λˡ 4.4BSD ƱǤϤʤ
4.4BSD Ǥ
.B q

.B L
ƱưѴ˻Ѥ롣
.SH Ϣ
.BR getc (3),
.BR printf (3)
.BR setlocale (3),
.BR strtod (3),
.BR strtol (3),
.BR strtoul (3),