.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\" This man-page is Copyright (C) 1997 John S. Kallal
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and author(s) of this work.
.\"
.\" If the you wish to distribute versions of this work under other
.\" conditions than the above, please contact the author(s) at the following
.\" for permission:
.\"
.\"  John S. Kallal -
.\"	email: <kallal@voicenet.com>
.\"	mail: 518 Kerfoot Farm RD, Wilmington, DE 19803-2444, USA
.\"	phone: (302)654-5478
.\"
.\" $Id: initrd.4,v 1.1.1.1 1999/07/19 01:49:27 cvs Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1997,1998
.\"           ISHIKAWA Mutsumi, all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1997-12-15, ISHIKAWA Mutsumi <ishikawa@linux.or.jp>
.\" Modified 1998-02-09, ISHIKAWA Mutsumi <ishikawa@linux.or.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-10-08, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.TH INITRD 4 2007-11-26 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
initrd \- ֡ȥˤäƽ줿 RAM ǥ
.SH 
.I /dev/initrd
ϡ᥸㡼ֹ 1ޥʡֹ 250 Ƥ줿
ɤ߹ѤΥ֥åǥХǤ롣
̡
.I /dev/initrd
νͭԤ
.I root.disk
Ǥꡢ⡼ɤ 400 (root Τߤɤ߽Фǽ) Ǥ롣
⤷Linux ƥ˺Ѥ
.I /dev/initrd
ե뤬ʤä硢ʲΥޥɤǺ뤳ȤǤ:
.nf
\fB
        mknod \-m 400 /dev/initrd b 1 250
        chown root:disk /dev/initrd
\fP
.fi
.PP
ޤ
.I /dev/initrd
Ѥ뤿ˤϡ
"RAM disk"  "Initial RAM disk" ξεǽ
Linux ͥľȤ߹ޤƤʤФʤʤ
(㤨СͥΥѥ
.B CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=y

.B CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD=y
Ȥ)
.I /dev/initrd
ѤˤϡRAM ǥɥ饤Ф⥸塼Ȥ
ɤ뤳ȤϤǤʤ
.\"
.\"
.\"
.I /dev/initrd
.br
.I /dev/ram0
.br
.I /linuxrc
.br
.I /initrd
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SH 
.I /dev/initrd
ڥեɤ߹ѤΥ֥åǥХǤ롣
.I /dev/initrd
ǥХϥͥ뤬ư˥֡ȥ (boot loader)
ˤäƽ (㤨С)  RAM ǥǤ롣
θ塢ͥ
.I /dev/initrd
֥åǥХƤʳΥƥ൯ư
(two phased system boot-up) Ѥ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
ǽΥ֡ȥåʳ (first boot-up phase) Ǥϡͥ
(㤨С֡ȥˤäƽ줿 RAM disk Ǥ)
.I /dev/initrd
Ƥ롼ȥե륷ƥ (root file-system) Ȥƥޥ
Ƶư롣
ʳǤϽ롼ȥǥХ˴ޤޤƤΤ顢ɲäΥɥ饤
Ф䤽¾Υ⥸塼뤬ɤ롣
ɲäΥ⥸塼뤬ɤ줿塢롼ȥե륷ƥ
(ʤ̾Υ롼ȥե륷ƥ)
̤ΥǥХޥȤ롣
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SS ֡ȥå׺
.B initrd
ѤϡƥϼΤ褦˥֡Ȥ:
.IP 1. 3
֡ȥϥͥץ
.I /dev/initrd
Ƥ˥ɤ롣
.IP 2.
ͥ뵯ưͥ
.I /dev/initrd
ǥХƤŸ (uncompress) 
.I /dev/ram0
˥ԡ롣ˡ
.I /dev/initrd
λȤäƤ롣
.IP 3.
ͥ
.I /dev/ram0
ǥХΥ롼ȥե륷ƥȤɤ߽񤭲ǽʷǥޥ
Ȥ롣
.IP 4.
ؼ줿롼ȥե륷ƥब롼ȥե륷ƥ
(㤨
.IR /dev/ram0 )
Ʊξϡ̤ͥΥ֡ȥ󥹤ΤκǸΥƥåפ
ά롣
.IP 5.
.I /linuxrc
Ȥ¹Բǽʥե뤬롼ȥե륷ƥ¸ߤС
.I /linuxrc
 UID 0 (ʤroot) θ¤Ǽ¹Ԥ롣
.RI ( /linuxrc
եϼ¹ԲǽѡߥåͿƤʤФʤʤ
.I /linuxrc
ʼ¹ԥեǤФ褯륹ץȤǤ⹽ʤ)
.IP 6.
.I /linuxrc
¹Ԥʤޤϡ
.I /linuxrc
μ¹Ԥλϡ̾롼ȥե륷ƥबޥȤ롣
.RI ( /linuxrc
λ餫Υե륷ƥब롼ȥե륷ƥ
ޥȤƤΥͥư
\fBƤʤ (Ǥ)\fR
ߤΥͥ뤬ɤΤ褦ư뤫ϡ
աפΥ򻲾ȤΤȡ)
.IP 7.
̾롼ȥե륷ƥ
ǥ쥯ȥ
.I /initrd
С
.I /dev/ram0
ǥХ
.I /

.I /initrd
˰ư롣
.I /initrd
ǥ쥯ȥ꤬¸ߤʤϡ
.I /dev/ram0
ϥޥȤ롣
.RI ( /

.I /initrd
˰ư줿ˤϡ
.I /dev/ram0
ϥޥȤ줺η̡
.I /dev/ram0
Ϥ᤿ץϤΤޤ޻ĤǤ롣
⤷
.I /initrd
ǥ쥯ȥ꤬̾롼ȥե륷ƥ¸ߤ
.I /linuxrc
λ
.I /dev/ram0
Ǽ¹Ԥ줿ʤ餫Υץ³Ƥ
ͥư
.BR "Ƥʤ (Ǥ)" 
ߤΥͥ뤬λɤΤ褦ư򤹤뤫ˤĤƤϡ
աפ򻲾ȤΤȡ)
.IP 8.
̤Υ֡ȥ (㤨С
.I /sbin/init
εư) ̾롼ȥե륷ƥǹԤ롣
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SS ץ
.B initrd
ѤˡͥΥ֡ȥå˱ƶͿ
֡ȥץϼΤ褦ʤΤ롢
.TP
.BI initrd= "filename"
.I /dev/initrd
ƤȤƥɤեꤹ롣
.B LOADLIN
Ǥϡϥޥɥ饤󥪥ץǤ롣
.B LILO
Ǥϡ
.B LILO
ե
.I /etc/lilo.config
ǥޥɤȤƻѤʤФʤʤ
Υץǻꤵեϡ¿ξ gzip ̤줿
ե륷ƥ।᡼Ǥ롣
.TP
.B noinitrd
εưץʳεư̵ˤ롣
ͥ
.I /dev/initrd
ƤʤƱͤΡ̾Υ֡ȥåưԤ
ΥץѤȡ֡ȥˤäƥ˥ɤ줿
.I /dev/initrd
ƤϤΤޤ¸롣
ĤޤꡢΥץѤ뤳Ȥˤäơ
.I /dev/initrd
Ƥ (֡ȰʳŪ) Ѥ뤳Ȥǽˤʤ롣ޤƤ
ե륷ƥ।᡼˸ꤵʤ

.I /dev/initrd
ǥХɤߤΤ߲ǽǤꡢƥεư 1 ٤ɤ߽Ф
Ǥʤ
.TP
.BI root= "device-name"
̾롼ȥե륷ƥȤƻȤǥХꤹ롣
.B LOADLIN
Ǥϡϥޥɥ饤󥪥ץǤ롣
.B LILO
Ǥϥޥɥ饤󥪥ץ󡢤ޤϡ
.B LILO
եǤ
.I /etc/lilo.config
Υץ饤ȤƻѤ롣
ΥץǻꤵǥХϡŬڤʥ롼ȥե륷ƥȤ
ƥޥȲǽʥǥХǤʤФʤʤ
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SS ̾롼ȥե륷ƥѹ
ǥեȤǤϡͥ
(㤨С
.BR rdev (8)
Ѥƥͥե˥åȤ줿Ρޤϡѥ˥
ͥեޤ줿)
ޤϡ֡ȥΥץˤäƻꤵ줿Τ̾롼
ȥե륷ƥȤƻȤ롣
NFS ޥȤ줿̾롼ȥե륷ƥѤ硢
.B nfs_root_name

.B nfs_root_addrs
֡ȥץȤä NFS ͿʤФʤʤ
NFS ޥȤ줿롼 (ե륷ƥ) ˤĤƤ
ܤϡͥΥɥȥե
.B nfsroot.txt
򻲾ȤΤȡ
롼ȥե륷ƥˤĤƤΤܤϡ
.B LILO

.B LOADLIN
ΥɥȤ򻲾ȤΤȡ
.PP
ޤ
.I /linuxrc
ѤˤäƤ̾롼ȥե륷ƥǥХѹ뤳
Ǥ롣
.I /linuxrc
Ѥơ̾롼ȥǥХѹ뤿ˤϡ
.I /proc
ޥȤƤʤФʤʤ
.I /proc
ޥȤǡ
.I /linuxrc
 proc ե
.IR /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev ,
.IR /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name ,
.I /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
˽񤭹ߤԤ̾롼ȥǥХѹ롣
(NFS ǤϤʤ) ʪŪʥ롼ȥǥХξ硢
.I /linuxrc
롼ȥե륷ƥΥǥХֹ
.I /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
˽񤭹ळȤǡ롼ȥǥХѹ롣
NFS 롼ȥե륷ƥξ硢
.I /linuxrc
 NFS 
.I /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name

.I /proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
˽񤭹ߡ줫
.I /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
 ( NFS ǥХʥСǤ) 0xff 񤭹ळȤǡ
롼ȥǥХѹ롣
㤨СΥ륳ޥɥ饤ˤꡢ̾롼ȥǥХ
.I /dev/hdb1
ѹǤ:
.nf

    echo 0x365 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev

.fi
ޤNFS ξ硢Τ褦ʥ륳ޥɥ饤ˤꡢ
ͥåȥ 193.8.232.2 Ȥ IP ɥ쥹 NFS Ф
NFS ǥ쥯ȥ
.I /var/nfsroot
 193.8.232.7 Ȥ IP ɥ쥹 idefix Ȥ̾Υ
ƥ̾롼ȥǥХȤƥޥȤ褦ѹǤ:
.nf

    echo /var/nfsroot >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-name
    echo 193.8.232.2:193.8.232.7::255.255.255.0:idefix \\
        >/proc/sys/kernel/nfs-root-addrs
    echo 255 >/proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
.fi

.BR  :
롼ȥե륷ƥѹ뤿
.I /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
ȤΤϰˡǤ롣
롼ȥե륷ƥѹ뿷ˡˤĤƤξϡ
ͥ륽˴ޤޤ
.I Documentation/initrd.txt
ե䡢
.BR pivot_root (2)

.BR pivot_root (8)
򻲾ȤƤۤ
.\" FIXME ޥ˥奢ڡ pivot_root λȤߤɬפ롣
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SS Ȥ
.B initrd
줿Ūϡƥ।󥹥ȡˡ⥸塼벽줿
ͥǽˤ뤳ȤǤä
.PP
Τ褦ήΥƥ।󥹥ȡ뤬ǽˤʤ:
.IP 1. 3
ץϡեåԡ䤽¾Υǥ顢
Ǿ¤Υͥ (㤨С
.IR /dev/ram ,
.IR /dev/initrd ,
ext2 ե륷ƥΤߤΥݡȤͥ) ֡Ȥ
gzip ̤줿ե륷ƥ।᡼
.I /dev/initrd
˥ɤ롣
.IP 2.
¹ԥե
.I /linuxrc
ϡ(1) ̾롼ȥե륷ƥΥޥȤ˲ɬפ
(ʤǥХסǥХɥ饤Сե륷ƥ)
(2) ۥǥ˲ɬפ (㤨СCD-ROM, ͥåȥơפʤ)
ꤹ롣ϡ桼ؤ䤤碌ưС뤤ϤξԤ
ˡȤ߹碌ƹԤ롣
.IP 3.
¹ԥե
.I /linuxrc
ϡ롼ȥե륷ƥफɬפʥ⥸塼ɤ롣
.IP 4.
¹ԥե
.I /linuxrc
ϡ롼ȥե륷ƥ֤ (ʳǤϡ̾롼
ȥե륷ƥϴʥƥǤɬפϤʤ)
.IP 5.
¹ԥե
.I /linuxrc
ϡ
.I /proc/sys/kernel/real-root-dev
ꤷ
.IR /proc ""
ޥȤƤ̾ե륷ƥڤӤ¾Υե륷ƥ
򥢥ޥȤ
¹Ԥλ롣
.IP 6.
ˡͥϡ̾롼ȥե륷ƥޥȤ롣
.IP 7.
ʳǡե륷ƥѹԤƤʤ֤ǡ
Ǥ֤ˤʤ롣
ޤ֡ȥ򥤥󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤ롣
.IP 8.
֡ȥꤷƥ൯ư˻Ѥ륫ͥ⥸塼Υ
Ȥޤե륷ƥ
.I /dev/initrd
˥ɤ (㤨С
.I /dev/ram0
ǥХƤޥȤ롣Ǹˡ
.I /dev/ram0
Υ᡼ե˽񤭽Ф)
.IP 9.
ǡƥब֡Ȳǽˤʤ롣θ塢ˤ¾Υ󥹥ȡ
κȤ¹ԤǤ롣
.PP
嵭ưǤ
.I /dev/initrd
ΥݥȤϡͥ礭ʥͥåͥ롢
ͥκƹۤʤˡ̾ΥƥǺѲǽǡ
Ѥ뤳Ȥˤ롣
.PP
2 ܤΥϡĤδΥͥåȥˤơۤʤΥϡ
ɥΥƥ Linux ư뤿Υ󥹥ȡԤ
Ǥ롣
Τ褦ʥξ硢ΥͥΥå (ŪˤϤä
ĤΥͥ) ΤߤѤƥͭϲǽʸ¤꾮
뤳Ȥ˾ޤǤ
ξ硢Ƥɬפʥ⥸塼뤬ḁ̈ե롣
ơ
.I /linuxrc
ե롢ޤϡ
.I /linuxrc
¹ԤեΤߤۤʤäΤˤƤ
.PP
3 ܤΥϡѥǥǤ롣
롼ȥե륷ƥΥѡƥΰ֤Ȥä
֡Ȼɬפʤᡢ
.I /dev/initrd
ɤ줿ƥϡ
ɬפåԤäǡ桼ؤ䤤碌伫ư
(⤷Ϥξ) ԤȤǤ褦ˤʤ롣
.PP
(¾ˤ⤿㤬) ǸȤƤϡ
.B initrd
ѤȡCD-ROM  Linux ǥȥӥ塼
ñ CD-ROM 饤󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤ
ǥȥӥ塼ϡ
.B LOADLIN
ȤäơեåԡѤ CD-ROM 
.I /dev/initrd
ľܥɤ뤳ȤǤ롣
ޤ
.B LILO
֡ȥեåԡȤäƥ֡ȤԤ
.I /dev/initrd
̤ CD-ROM 礭 RAM ǥư뤳ȤǤ롣
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SH ե
.I /dev/initrd
.br
.I /dev/ram0
.br
.I /linuxrc
.br
.I /initrd
.\"
.\"
.\"
.SH 
.IP 1. 3
ߤΥͥǤϡ
.I /dev/ram0

.I /

.I /initrd
˰ư줿ݤˡư˥ޥȤƤե륷ƥϡ
θ³Ū˥ǽǤ롣
.I /proc/mounts
ΥȥϹʤ
.IP 2.
ߤΥͥǤϡǥ쥯ȥ
.I /initrd
¸ߤʤ硢
.I /dev/ram0
򲿤餫ΥץѤƤꡢ餫Υե륷ƥब
.I /dev/ram0
˥ޥȤƤȡ
.I /dev/ram0
ϴˤϥޥȡ֤ʤס
.I /dev/ram0
˥ޥȡ֤ʤСס
.I /dev/ram0
ϥ˻ĤäƤޤϤǤ롣
.IP 3.
.I /dev/initrd
ѼԤϡ嵭ջǽҤ٤ư˰¸ʤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ롣
ư Linux ͥξΥСǤѹ
⤷ʤ
.\"
.\"
.\"
.\" .SH 
.\" .BR initrd
.\" ǥХΤΥͥ륳ɤ Werner Almesberger <almesber@lrc.epfl.ch>
.\"  Hans Lermen <lermen@elserv.ffm.fgan.de> ˤäƽ񤫤줿
.\" .BR initrd
.\" ΤΥɤϡȯԸС 1.3.73 
.\" ᥤ Linux ͥȤ߹ޤ줿
.SH Ϣ
.BR chown (1),
.BR mknod (1),
.BR ram (4),
.BR freeramdisk (8),
.BR rdev (8)

ͥ륽ѥå˴ޤޤɥȥե
.IR initrd.txt ""
LILO ΥɥȡLOADLIN ΥɥȡSYSLINUX Υɥȡ