.\" Written by Oron Peled <oron@actcom.co.il>.
.\" May be distributed subject to the GPL.
.\"
.\" I tried to be as much generic in the description as possible:
.\" - General boot sequence is applicable to almost any
.\" OS/Machine (DOS/PC, Linux/PC, Solaris/SPARC, CMS/S390)
.\" - kernel and init(8) is applicable to almost any Unix/Linux
.\" - boot scripts are applicable to SYSV-R4 based Unix/Linux
.\"
.\" Modified 2004-11-03 patch from Martin Schulze <joey@infodrom.org>
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 2002 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 2002-08-07, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2005-02-21, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\"
.TH BOOT 7 2007-06-03 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
boot-scripts \- ֡ȥ󥹤ΰŪʲ
.SH 
٤Ȥϥƥˤäưۤʤ뤬ޤ˸ȡ
֡ȥ󥹤ϰʲʳʬ:
(1) ϡɥΥ֡ (2) OS 
(3) ͥεư (4) init  inittab
(5) ֡ȥץ
.SS ϡɥΥ֡
ŸϡɥꥻåȤԤȡ
ROM (̾ PROM) ¸Ƥץ椬Ϥ롣
PC ǤϤΥץ̾ \fBBIOS\fR ȸƤФ롣

դĤΥץϡޤޥδŪʼʿǤԤ
Դȯ˥ƳƼΥѥ᡼ɤ߹ࡣ
PC ǤϡΥӤˤäƥХååפƤ CMOS Ǥ롣
Τ \fBCMOS\fR ȸƤФ뤳Ȥ¿
 PC ʳǤϡ̾ \fBnvram\fR
(non-volatile ram) ȸƤФƤ롣

nvram ¸Ƥѥ᡼ϥƥˤäưۤʤ롣
ϡɥ֡ȥץϡʤȤ⡢
֡ȥǥХɤǤ뤫⤷
֡ȥǥХȤõǥХɤǤ뤫
ΤäƤʤФʤʤ

ϡɥ֡ȤΥ󥹤ϡ˥֡ȥǥХ˥
֡ȥǥХΤ餫ޤä֤Ƥ
OS ɤϤ
.TP
:
Ǥϥͥåȥ֡ȤˤĤƤϿʤ
ˤĤĴɼԤϡ
DHCP, TFTP, PXE, Etherboot ˤĤĴ٤ƤߤȤ褤
.SS OS 
PC ǤϡOS ϥ֡ȥǥХƬ֤롣
 \fBMBR\fR (Master Boot Record) ȸƤФ롣

͡Τᡢ
ۤȤɤΥƥ˴ñʵǽäƤʤ
PC ʳΥƥǤ⡢
¤εǽʤɤˤ٤¤¸ߤ롣
ѡƥơ֥ޤ 512 ХȤȤ
PC  MBR ǤϡOS ǽ򤳤˲ΤϤޤԲǽ

ä OS ǤϡƤ֤褦ˤʤäƤꡢ
ԤϤ餫ꤵ줿ǥѡƥ֤褦ˤʤäƤ롣

Linux ˤ OS ϡդĤ
.BR lilo (8)

.BR grub (8)
Ǥ롣ξԤȤȤƥ󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤ
(ξ DOS 󥹥ȡ뤷 MBR ؤ褦ˤ)
ޤ졦ξȤƥ󥹥ȡ뤹뤳ȤǤ롣
ԤξˡξԤ̤ MBR ᡼󶡤Ƥ롣
ˤ롼ȥѡƥ󤫤ɤ褦
֡ȥȥåץɤޤޤƤ롣

OS μʻŻϡͥΥǥΰ֤ꤷ
ɤƵư뤳ȤǤ롣ۤȤɤ OS ϡ
å⡼ɤǻѤ뤳ȤǤɲäΥѥ᡼򥫡ͥϤꡢ
ǥեȤȤ̤Υͥꤷꤹ뤳ȤǤ
(㤨СǸ˥ѥ뤷ͥ뤬ǽʤä
ХååפΥͥꤷƵưȤäȤǤ)
.SS ͥεư
ͥϥɤȡǥХ (ɥ饤Фˤä)
åѤư (Ƕ Linux ͥǤϡ
åѤ kswapd Ȥ֥ͥץפˤʤ)
롼ȥե륷ƥ (/) ޥȤ롣

ͥϤȤΤǤѥ᡼ΤĤϡ
ư˴ط롣
(㤨ХǥեȤΥ롼ȥե륷ƥѹǤ)
Linux ͥѥ᡼˴ؤܤ
.BR bootparam (7)
ɤǤۤ

餬ѤǤϤơ
ͥϺǽ (桼ɤ) ץ
ֹ 1 Ϳ롣Υץ
.I /sbin/init
ץ¹Ԥ롣
ͥˤäƲᤵƤʤѥ᡼Ϥ٤
.I /sbin/init
Ϥ롣
.SS init  inittab
init ϡưȤޤ
.I /etc/inittab
ɤߡθιư˴ؤ롣
Υե
.I ٥
ˤäƤɤΤ褦ưԤ٤Ǥ뤫롣

ˤäƥƥԤδڤˤʤ롣
\fI٥\fR󶡤륵ӥνб
(㤨 \fBS\fR  \fI󥰥桼\fR
\fB2\fR ǤΥͥåȥӥư롢ʤ)
ƥԤϡ
.BR init (8)
ѤƸߤΥ٥ѹǤ
.BR runlevel (8)
ˤäƸߤΥ٥ǧǤ롣

ΥեԽƸġΥӥΤؤʤΤǡ
inittab ñ˥ץȤνФ֡ȥȥåפˤʤäƤ롣
ºݤθġΥӥεưߤϡΥץȤǹԤ
.SS ֡ȥץ
.TP
:
ʲ System V Release 4 ١Ȥƥ˴ؤΤǤ롣
ߤξ Unix ƥ (Solaris, HP-UX, Irix, Tru64) 䡢
᥸㡼 Linux ǥȥӥ塼 (RedHat, Debian, Mandrake,
Suse, Caldera) Ϥ١ˤΤǤ롣
ƥˤäƤϡ֡ȥץȤε
餫ۤʤ뤳Ȥ⤢ (Slackware Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD ʤ)
.LP
٤ƥӥ (᡼롢nfs Сcron ʤɤʤ)
줾Фơ֡ȥץȤҤȤĤΥǥ쥯ȥ
(ۤȤɤ Linux 
.IR /etc/init.d )
֤롣ΥץȤϡ
줾ȤƤҤȤĤñ롣'start' ꤵ
Υӥư'stop' ꤵȥӥߤ롣
ץȤ¾ΡʡװäƤ褤
(㤨 'restart' ߡư֤˹Ԥäꡢ'status'
ǥӥξ֤ɽʤ)
ץȤʤǼ¹Ԥȡ
Ǥΰɽ롣
.SS Ťǥ쥯ȥ
٥ǡΥץȤꤷǼ¹Ԥ뤿ᡢ
.I դǥ쥯ȥ (sequencing directory)
ȤȤߤ¸ߤ롣
ϤդĤ
.I /etc/rc[0\-6S].d
Ǥ롣ƥǥ쥯ȥˤϡ
.I init.d
ǥ쥯ȥ֤줿ץȤؤΥ (դĤϥܥå)
֤롣

쥹ץ (̾
.IR /etc/rc )

.BR inittab (5)
ƤФ졢
դǥ쥯ȥ֤줿󥯷ͳdzƥӥץȤƤӽФ
̾ 'S' ǤϤޤ󥯤 'start' ȤĤƸƤӽФ
(ʤӥư)̾ 'K' ǤϤޤ󥯤 'stop'
ȤĤƸƤӽФ (ʤӥߤ)

Ʊ٥Ǥεưߤνꤹ뤿ˡ
󥯤̾ˤϽ򼨤ޤޤ롣
ޤ̾狼䤹뤿ᡢ
̾ˤб륵ӥ̾Ĥ롣
㤨С
.I /etc/rc2.d/S80sendmail
Ȥ󥯤ϡsendmail ӥ٥ 2 ˤƵư롣
ϡ
.I /etc/rc2.d/S12syslog
ˡޤ
.I /etc/rc2.d/S90xfs
˼¹Ԥ롣

֡Ȥνȥ٥ˤϡ
Υ󥯤ʤФʤʤ
¿ Linux ǥȥӥ塼Ǥϡ
κȤƤġ뤬¸ߤ
(㤨
.BR chkconfig (8)
ʤ)
.SS ֡Ȥ
ǡεưˤϡ
ޥɥ饤󥪥ץѥ᡼ǤΤ̤Ǥ롣
ƥԤΥѥ᡼ѹȻפäȤˡ
֡ȥץȤΤΤԽʤƤ⤹褦
ե뤬Ѥ롣Υǥ쥯ȥ
(RedHat ƥǤ
.IR /etc/sysconfig )
֤졢֡ȥץȤ黲Ȥ롣

Ť Unix ƥǤϡΥեˤ
ǡͿºݤΥޥɥ饤󥪥ץ󤬽񤫤Ƥ
Ƕ Linux ƥ ( HP-UX) Ǥϡ
Υեˤñ˥ѿ񤫤ƤǤ롣
.I /etc/init.d
֤줿֡ȥץȤϡե
.B source
ѿͤѤ롣
.SH ե
.IR /etc/init.d/ ,
.IR /etc/rc[S0\-6].d/ ,
.I /etc/sysconfig/
.SH Ϣ
.BR inittab (5),
.BR bootparam (7),
.BR init (8),
.BR runlevel (8),
.BR shutdown (8)