'\" t
.\" Don't change the line above. it tells man that tbl is needed.
.\" This man page is Copyright (C) 1999 Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>.
.\" Permission is granted to distribute possibly modified copies
.\" of this page provided the header is included verbatim,
.\" and in case of nontrivial modification author and date
.\" of the modification is added to the header.
.\" $Id: ip.7,v 1.19 2000/12/20 18:10:31 ak Exp $
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1999 NAKANO Takeo all rights reserved.
.\" Translated 1999-12-06, NAKANO Takeo <nakano@apm.seikei.ac.jp>
.\" Updated 2001-02-14, Kentaro Shirakata <argrath@ub32.org>
.\" Updated 2001-04-04, Yuichi SATO <ysato@h4.dion.ne.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2003-10-16, Yuichi SATO <ysato444@yahoo.co.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-01-22, Yuichi SATO
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-09-10, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>
.\" Updated & Modified 2005-10-06, Akihiro MOTOKI
.\" Updated 2007-01-05, Akihiro MOTOKI, Catch up to LDP man-pages 2.43
.\" Updated 2007-05-28, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v2.48
.\" Updated 2008-12-26, Akihiro MOTOKI <amotoki@dd.iij4u.or.jp>, LDP v3.14
.\"
.\"WORD		ancillary message	å
.\"WORD		... oriented		ظ
.\"WORD		capability		
.\"WORD		payload			ڥ
.\"WORD		drop(ped)	(ѥåȤ) Ȥ(ưξ) 夷ʤ
.\"WORD		tap			å()
.\"
.TH IP  7 2009-02-28 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
ip \- Linux IPv4 ץȥμ
.SH 
.B #include <sys/socket.h>
.br
.\" .B #include <net/netinet.h> -- does not exist anymore
.\" .B #include <linux/errqueue.h> -- never include <linux/foo.h>
.B #include <netinet/in.h>
.br
.B #include <netinet/ip.h>        \fR/* 嵭Υѡå */
.sp
.IB tcp_socket " = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);"
.br
.IB udp_socket " = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);"
.br
.IB raw_socket " = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, " protocol ");"
.SH 
Linux  RFC\ 791  RFC\ 1122 ǵҤƤ
Internet Protocol, version 4 Ƥ롣
.B ip
ˤ RFC\ 1112 ˽򤷤 level 2 ޥ㥹ȤμޤޤƤ롣
ޤѥåȥե륿ǽޤ IP 롼Ƥ롣
.\" FIXME has someone verified that 2.1 is really 1812 compliant?
.PP
ץߥ󥰡󥿡ե BSD åȤȸߴǤ롣
åȤ˴ؤܺ٤ʾ
.BR socket (7)
򻲾ȤΤȡ
.PP
IP åȤϡ
.BR socket (2)
ؿ
.B "socket(AF_INET, socket_type, protocol)"
Τ褦˸ƤӽФȤ롣
Ǥ륽åȥפ 3 Ĥꡢ
.BR tcp (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤
.BR SOCK_STREAM 
.BR udp (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤
.BR SOCK_DGRAM 
IP ץȥľܥ뤿
.BR raw (7)
åȤ򥪡ץ󤹤ˤ
.B SOCK_RAW
Ǥ롣
.I protocol
 IP إå˽񤫤 IP ץȥǤ롣
Ǥͤϡ
TCP åȤˤ 0 
.BR IPPROTO_TCP 
UDP åȤˤ 0 
.B IPPROTO_UDP
˸¤롣
.B SOCK_RAW
ФƤϡ RFC\ 1700 Ƥͭ IANA IP ץȥ
ƤƤֹǻꤹ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.\" FIXME ip current does an autobind in listen, but I'm not sure
.\" if that should be documented.
ץǡäƤѥåȤ
³׵ꤷˤϡ
Υץϥʥ󥿡եɥ쥹ˡ
.BR bind (2)
ѤƥåȤХɤʤФʤʤ
ʡ֥ɥ쥹ȥݡȡפΥڥФƥХɤǤ
IP åȤϰĤ˸¤롣
.BR bind (2)
θƤӽФ
.B INADDR_ANY
ꤵƤϡåȤϥʥ󥿡ե
\fI٤\fP˥Хɤ롣
.BR listen (2)
ޤ
.BR connect (2)
ХɤƤʤåȤǥ뤵ȡ
ΥåȤϼưŪ˥ʥɥ쥹
.B INADDR_ANY
˥åȤƤݡȤǥХɤ롣

.B SO_REUSEADDR
ե饰åȤƤʤˤϡ
ХɤƤ TCP 륽åȥɥ쥹
줿夷Ф餯δֻȤʤʤ롣
.B SO_REUSEADDR
ե饰Ȥ TCP ο㲼Τǡ
ȤȤˤդɬפǤ롣
.SS ɥ쥹Υեޥå
IP åȥɥ쥹ϡ IP 󥿡եɥ쥹
16ӥåȤΥݡֹȤ߹碌롣
IP ץȥ뤽ΤΤϥݡֹ򰷤ʤ
ݡֹϡ
.BR udp (7)

.BR tcp (7)
Ȥä̤ΥץȥǼ롣
raw åȤǤϡ
.I sin_port
 IP ץȥ˥åȤ롣
.PP
.in +4n
.nf
struct sockaddr_in {
    sa_family_t    sin_family; /* address family: AF_INET */
    in_port_t      sin_port;   /* port in network byte order */
    struct in_addr sin_addr;   /* internet address */
};

/* Internet address. */
struct in_addr {
    uint32_t       s_addr;     /* address in network byte order */
};
.fi
.in
.PP
.I sin_familiy
ˤϾ
.B AF_INET
򥻥åȤ롣ɬܤǤ롣 Linux 2.2 ǤϡΥåȤ˺
ۤȤɤΥͥåȥؿ
.B EINVAL
֤褦ˤʤäƤ롣
.I sin_port
ˤϥݡֹͥåȥХȥǻꤹ롣
1024 ̤Υݡֹ
.I "øݡ (privileged ports)"
ȸƤФ
.RI ( "ͽݡ (reserved ports)"
ȤƤФ)
øץ
.RB ( CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
ѥӥƥĥץ) ʳΥץϡΥݡȤˤ
.BR bind (2)
Ǥʤ IPv4 ץȥ뤽ΤΤˤϥݡȤ˴ؤ복ǰʤ
ݡȤϡ
.BR tcp (7)

.BR udp (7)
Ȥä̤ΥץȥˤƼ롣
.PP
.I sin_addr
 IP ۥȥɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.I struct in_addr

.I s_addr
ФˤϡۥȤΥ󥿡եɥ쥹
ͥåȥХȥǻꤹ롣
.I in_addr
ϡINADDR_* ΰ (㤨
.BR INADDR_ANY )
롢
饤֥ؿ
.BR inet_aton (3),
.BR inet_addr (3),
.BR inet_makeaddr (3)
Ѥ롢뤤̾赡 (name resolver)
ľѤ롢Τɤ줫ꤹ٤Ǥ롣
.RB ( gethostbyname (3)
򸫤)

IPv4 ɥ쥹ˤϡ˥㥹ȥɥ쥹
֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹롣
˥㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡۥȤΰĤΥɥ쥹ꤹ롣
֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡͥåȥƤΥۥȤꤹ롣
ޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ϡޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˽°
ƤΥۥȤꤹ롣֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ؤΥǡϡ
.B SO_BROADCAST
åȥե饰åȤƤʤǤʤ
ߤμǤϡ³ظΥåȤˤϥ˥㥹ȥɥ쥹Ȥʤ
.\" Leave a loophole for XTP @)

ɥ쥹ȥݡȤϾ˥ͥåȥХȥdzǼ뤳Ȥդ衣
ŪˤϡݡȤꤹͤˤ
.BR htons (3)
ƤӽФɬפ롣
ɸ饤֥ˤ륢ɥ쥹/ݡؿ
٤ƥͥåȥХȥư롣

̤ʥɥ쥹Ĥ¸ߤ:
.TP
.BR INADDR_LOOPBACK (127.0.0.1)
loopback ǥХ̤ƾ˥ʥۥȤ򻲾Ȥ롣
.TP
.BR INADDR_ANY (0.0.0.0)
ХɤѤǤդΥɥ쥹
.TP
.BR INADDR_BROADCAST (255.255.255.255)
ǤդΥۥȡŪͳ顢Хɤκݤˤ
.B INADDR_ANY
Ʊ̤ˤʤ롣
.SS åȥץ
IP ˤϥץȥͭΥåȥץ󤬤Ĥ¸ߤ
.BR setsockopt (2)
꤬
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǼǤ롣 IP Υåȥץ٥
.B IPPROTO_IP
.\" Linux Ǥ SOL_IP 
Ǥ롣
֡ͤΥե饰Ǥϡ 0 ϵʳϿ̣롣
.\"
.\" FIXME Document IP_FREEBIND
.\" Boolean
.\" Since Linux 2.4.0-test10
.\"
.TP
.B IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP " (Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˻ä롣

.I ip_mreqn
¤ΤǤ롣
.sp
.in +4n
.nf
struct ip_mreqn {
    struct in_addr imr_multiaddr; /* IP multicast group
                                     address */
    struct in_addr imr_address;   /* IP address of local
                                     interface */
    int            imr_ifindex;   /* interface index */
};
.fi
.in
.sp
.I imr_multiaddr
ˤϡץꥱ󤬻äޤűष
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פΥɥ쥹롣
ꤹ륢ɥ쥹ͭʥޥ㥹ȥɥ쥹ǤʤФʤʤ
.\" (Ĥޤꡢ224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255 ϰ)
(ʤ
.BR setsockopt (2)
顼
.B EINVAL
ǼԤ)
.I imr_address
ϥƥबޥ㥹ȥ롼פ˻äݤѤ
ʥ󥿡եΥɥ쥹Ǥ롣
줬
.B INADDR_ANY
ǤäˤϡŬڤʥ󥿡եƥˤä򤵤롣
.I imr_ifindex

.I imr_multiaddr
롼פ˻/űह륤󥿡ե interface index Ǥ롣
ɤΥ󥿡եǤ褤 0 ˤ롣
.IP
.I ip_mreqn
 Linux 2.2 ʹߤǤΤѲǽǤ롣
ߴΤᡢŤ
.I ip_mreq
¤ (Linux 1.2 ʹߤ¸ߤ) ޤݡȤƤ롣
.I ip_mreqn
Ȥΰ㤤ϡ
.I imr_ifindex
եɤޤޤʤȤǤ롣
.BR setsockopt (2)
ǤΤ߻Ȥ롣
.\"
.TP
.BR IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP " (Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פȴ롣
.B IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ʊͤ
.I ip_mreqn
ޤ
.I ip_mreq
¤ΤǤ롣
.TP
.BR IP_HDRINCL " (Linux 2.0 ʹ)"
ͭˤʤäƤȡ桼 IP إå桼ǡͿ롣
.B SOCK_RAW
åȤǤΤͭǤ롣ܺ٤
.BR raw (7)
򸫤衣Υե饰ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.BR IP_OPTIONS ,
.BR IP_TTL ,
.B IP_TOS
̵뤵롣
.\" FIXME Document IP_IPSEC_POLICY
.\" Since Linux 2.5.47
.\" Needs CAP_NET_ADMIN
.TP
.BR IP_MTU " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.124
åȤΡΤ path MTU 롣
åȤ³ƤΤͭǤ롣
.BR getsockopt (2)
ǤΤ߻Ȥ롣
.TP
.BR IP_MTU_DISCOVER " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.124
åȤ Path MTU Discovery 򥻥åȡ롣
ͭˤʤäƤȡ Linux ϤΥåȤФ
RFC\ 1191 Ƥ Path MTU Discovery Ԥ
ȯǡˤϡơ֥ե饰Եġץե饰åȤ롣
ƥΤФǥեȤϡ
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФƤ
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_no_pmtu_disc
եˤǤ롣
¾ˤĤƤ̵ȤʤäƤ롣
.B SOCK_STREAM
ǤʤåȤФƤϡ
桼ǡ MTU Υβ˥ѥåȲꡢ
ɬפʾˤϺꤷʤФʤʤ
Υե饰åȤƤȡ
ͥϴΤ path MTU 礭ʥѥåȤݤ
.RB ( EMSGSIZE
Ȥʤ)
.TS
tab(:);
c l
l l.
Path MTU discovery ե饰:̣
IP_PMTUDISC_WANT:롼ȤȤѤ롣
IP_PMTUDISC_DONT:Path MTU Discovery Ԥʤ
IP_PMTUDISC_DO: Path MTU Discovery Ԥ
IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE:DFӥåȤ򥻥åȤ뤬Path MTU ̵뤹롣
.TE

path MTU discovery ͭˤʤäƤȡͥϰۥȤȤ
ưŪ path MTU 롣
.BR connect (2)
³ˤϡ
.B IP_MTU
åȥץѤСΤ path MTU μǤ
(Ȥ
.B EMSGSIZE
顼ʤ)ϻ֤ȤȤѲ뤫⤷ʤ
褬󤢤륳ͥ쥹ʥåȤǤϡ
Ϳ줿Ф뿷 MTU ˤ⡢
顼塼Ѥƥ뤳ȤǤ
.RB ( IP_RECVERR
򸫤)
MTU 夹뤴Ȥˡʥ顼塼󥰤롣

MTU discovery οʹˤϡǡॽåȤνѥåȤ
夷ʤ⤷ʤ UDP Ѥ륢ץꥱǤϡ
ΤȤ򵤤ˤƤ
ѥåȤκ르ꥺˤʬ٤Ǥ롣

³ƤʤåȤФ
path MTU discovery ץΩ夲ˤϡ
礭ʥǡॵ ( 64K إåХĹ) Ϥơ
path MTU ޤǥ̤ƤȤǽǤ롣
.\" FIXME this is an ugly hack

path MTU ͤޤѤäƤߤˤϡ襢ɥ쥹
.BR connect (2)
ȤäƥǡॽåȤ³
.BR getsockopt (2)

.B IP_MTU
ץȤȤ˸Ƥӡ MTU 뤳ȤǤ롣

.B IP_PMTUDISC_PROBE
(Linux 2.6.22 ʹߤѲǽ) ꤹ뤳Ȥǡ
.B SOCK_DGRAM

.B SOCK_RAW
ΥåȤ RFC 4821  MTU õ뤳ȤǽǤ롣
ޤεǽϡ
.BR tracepath (8)
Τ褦ʿǥġäͭѤǤ롣ΥġǤϡ
¬줿 Path MTU 礭õѥåȤտŪ
褦Ȥ롣
.TP
.BR IP_MULTICAST_IF " (Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
ǥХޥ㥹ȥåȤȤꤹ롣
.B IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP
Ʊͤ
.I ip_mreqn
ޤ
.I ip_mreq
¤ΤǤ롣
.IP
ʥåȥץϤȡ
.B ENOPROTOOPT
֤롣
.TP
.BR IP_MULTICAST_LOOP " (Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤʥåȤ˥롼ץХå뤫ɤ
֡ͤꡦ롣
.TP
.BR IP_MULTICAST_TTL " (Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
ΥåȤȯޥ㥹ȥѥåȤ
time-to-live ͤꡦ롣
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤФƤϡǤ
TTL ꤹ뤳ȤȤƤפǤ롣ǥեȤ 1 ǡ
桼ץबŪ׵ᤷʤ¤
ޥ㥹ȥѥåȤϥʥͥåȥФʤȤˤʤ롣
롣
.TP
.BR IP_OPTIONS " (Linux 2.0 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 1.3.30
ΥåȤѥåƤտ魯 IP ץ
ꡦ롣ץ¸ƤХåեؤΥݥ󥿤
ץĹȤ˼롣
.BR setsockopt (2)
ƤӽФȡåȤ˴ϢŤ IP ץǤ롣
IPv4 ˤ륪ץΥκͤ 40 ХȤǤ롣
Ѥ뤳ȤΤǤ륪ץˤĤƤ RFC\ 791 򸫤衣
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФ³׵ѥåȤ IP ץ󤬴ޤޤƤȡ
롼ƥ󥰥إåդᤵƤѥåȤ
IP ץƱץ󤬥åȤ롣³Ω줿塢
äƤѥåȤΥץѹ뤳ȤϤǤʤ
ǥեȤǤϡѥåȤƤ source routing ץ
ν̵ȤʤäƤꡢ
.I /proc
󥿥ե
.I accept_source_route
ȤȤͭˤǤ롣̵ˤƤƤ timestamps ʤ
¾ΥץνϹԤ롣ǡॽåȤǤϡ
IP ץϥ桼Ǥʤ
.BR getsockopt (2)

.B IP_OPTIONS
ĤƸƤ֤ȡѤƤ IP ץ
ͿХåե˼Ǥ롣
.\" FIXME Document IP_PASSSEC
.\" Boolean
.\" Since Linux 2.6.17
.\" commit 2c7946a7bf45ae86736ab3b43d0085e43947945c
.\" Author: Catherine Zhang <cxzhang@watson.ibm.com>
.TP
.BR IP_PKTINFO " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.68
.B IP_PKTINFO
åϤˤѥåȤ˴ؤ󶡤
.I pktinfo
¤ΤޤޤƤ롣
ǡظΥåȤǤưʤ

.B IP_PKTINFO
å̲ᤵ뤫ɤ򥽥åȤΤ餻ե饰Ǥ롣
åȤ
.BR recvmsg (2)
ޤ
.BR sendmsg (2)
ѤѥåȤåȤƤΤǤ롣

.IP
.in +4n
.nf
struct in_pktinfo {
    unsigned int   ipi_ifindex;  /* Interface index */
    struct in_addr ipi_spec_dst; /* Local address */
    struct in_addr ipi_addr;     /* Header Destination
                                    address */
};
.fi
.in
.IP
.\" FIXME elaborate on that.
.I ipi_ifindex
ϥѥåȤ줿󥿡եΡ¾ȽŤʤʤǥåǤ롣
.I ipi_spec_dst
ϥѥåȤΥ륢ɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.I ipi_addr
ϥѥåȥإåˤ밸襢ɥ쥹Ǥ롣
.B IP_PKTINFO

.BR sendmsg (2)
Ϥơ
.\" Υեɤϡ̾դ餫˴ְäƤΤ
.I ipi_spec_dst
 0 ʳξ硢
.I ipi_spec_dst
ϥ롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥򸡺ݤ˥ɥ쥹ȤƻѤ졢
IP source route ץꤹΤˤѤ롣
.I ipi_ifindex
 0 ʳξ硢Υǥåˤäƻꤵ륤󥿡ե
ץ饤ޥ륢ɥ쥹
.I ipi_spec_dst
񤭤롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥򸡺롣
.TP
.BR IP_RECVERR " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.15
顼åμϤˡι⤤ĥ줿ˡͭˤ롣
ǡॽåȤФͭˤʤäƤȡ
ȯ顼ƥåȤȤΥ顼塼¸롣
桼ϥå饨顼äȤ
.BR recvmsg (2)

.B MSG_ERRQUEUE
ե饰ȤȤ˸Ƥ٤ФΥ顼Ǥ롣
Υ顼򵭽Ҥ
.I sock_extended_err
¤Τ
.BR IP_RECVERR 
٥
.B IPPROTO_IP
.\" Linux Ǥ SOL_IP 
åȤϤ롣
³ָǤʤåȤǿι⤤顼Ԥ
ͭѤǤ롣顼塼μǡե饰Ȥˤ
顼ѥåȤޤޤ롣
.\"NAKANO portion ե饰ȤäƸääƤΤ
.IP
.B IP_RECVERR
åˤ
.I sock_extended_err
¤Τޤޤ:
.IP
.in +4n
.ne 18
.nf
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_NONE    0
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL   1
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP    2
#define SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP6   3

struct sock_extended_err {
    uint32_t ee_errno;   /* error number */
    uint8_t  ee_origin;  /* where the error originated */
    uint8_t  ee_type;    /* type */
    uint8_t  ee_code;    /* code */
    uint8_t  ee_pad;
    uint32_t ee_info;    /* additional information */
    uint32_t ee_data;    /* other data */
    /* More data may follow */
};

struct sockaddr *SO_EE_OFFENDER(struct sock_extended_err *);
.fi
.in
.IP
.I ee_errno
ˤϥ塼äƤ륨顼
.I errno
ֹ椬롣
.I ee_origin
ˤϥ顼ȯ򼨤ɤ롣
¾Υեɤϥץȥ¸Ǥ롣
.B SO_EE_OFFENDER
ޥͿ줿åؤΥݥ󥿤
顼ȯͥåȥ֥ȤΥɥ쥹ؤΥݥ󥿤֤
ɥ쥹ʾ硢
.I sockaddr
¤Τ
.I sa_family
եɤ
.B AF_UNSPEC
Ȥʤꡢ¾ΥեͤǤ롣
.IP
IP ϰʲΤ褦
.I sock_extended_err
¤ΤѤ:
.I ee_origin
ϡ
顼 ICMP ѥåȤȤƼ줿ˤ
.B SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP
˥åȤ졢ǵäˤ
.B SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL
˥åȤ롣
̵ͤ뤵롣
.I ee_type

.I ee_code
 ICMP إå type եɤ code եɤͤ˥åȤ롣
.I ee_info
ˤ
.B EMSGSIZE
顼Ф discover 줿 MTU 롣
åˤϥ顼Ρɤ
.I sockaddr_in
¤Τޤޤ롣
ˤ
.B SO_EE_OFFENDER
ޥȤäƥǤ롣
ξ硢
SO_EE_OFFENDER ɥ쥹
.I sin_family
եɤ
.B AF_UNSPEC
Ȥʤ롣
顼ͥåȥǵˤϡ
åȤͭˤʤäƤ٤Ƥ IP ץ
.RB ( IP_OPTIONS ", " IP_TTL
ʤ) ȥ顼ѥåȤ˴ޤޤƤ٤Ƥ IP ץȤ
åȤϤ롣
顼򵯤ѥåȤΥڥ (payload) 
̤ΥڥɤȤ֤롣
.\" FIXME . is it a good idea to document that? It is a dubious feature.
.\" .B SOCK_STREAM
.\" åȤǤϡ
.\" .B IP_RECVERR
.\" Ϥۤʤ̣ġΥॢȤޤǥǡݻΤǤʤ
.\" äƤ顼Ƥ˥桼Ϥ롣ϡ
.\" ®ʥ顼ɬפȤʤ褦ʡü˼̿û
.\" TCP ³ФͭѤǤ롣ΥץդѤ뤳ȡ
.\" ϩѤäꡢ¾̾ξФơŬڤʲԲǽȤʤꡢ
.\" TCP ο㤯ƤޤޤץȥλͤȿƤޤ
TCP ˤϥ顼塼ʤȤդƤۤ
.B MSG_ERRQUEUE

.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤФƤϻȤʤ
TCP Ǥ
.B IP_RECVERR
ͭåȴؿ֤륨顼
.B SO_ERROR
ˤʤ롣
.IP
raw åȤФ
.B IP_RECVERR
ꤹȡ٤Ƥ ICMP 顼򥢥ץꥱ
Ϥ褦ˤʤ롣ꤷʤȡ
³ѤߤΥåȤФ륨顼𤹤롣
.IP
Υץϥ֡ͤΥե饰ꡦ롣
.B IP_RECVERR
ϥǥեȤǤϥդˤʤäƤ롣
.TP
.BR IP_RECVOPTS " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.15
夷Ƥ IP ץ
.B IP_OPTION
ȥåƥ桼Ϥ
롼ƥ󥰥إåȤ¾ΥץȤϡ
ۥȤФƤϤ餫ᵭƤ롣
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.TP
.BR IP_RECVTOS " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.68
ͭˤʤäƤȡ
.B IP_TOS
åѥåȤȤȤϤ롣
ˤϥѥåȥإå Service/Precedence
եɤΥפꤹХȥǡޤޤƤ롣
֡ͤΥե饰Ȥ롣
.TP
.BR IP_RECVTTL " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.68
Υե饰åȤƤȡ
.B IP_TTL
ȥåѥåȤ
time-to-live եɤΥХȥǡȤȤϤ롣
.B SOCK_STREAM
åȤǤϥݡȤƤʤ
.TP
.B IP_RETOPTS
.BR IP_RETOPTS " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.15
.B IP_RECVOPTS
̤Υץ
 hop Ǥϵʤ timestamp 쥳ɤ route 쥳ɤȤȤ֤
.\"NAKANO ̣...(^^;
.TP
.BR IP_ROUTER_ALERT " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.68
եɤ٤ѥåȤ IP Router Alert ץĤ
ΥåȤϤ
raw åȤФƤΤͭǤ롣ϤȤХ桼֤
RSVP ǡФǤ롣åפ줿ѥåȤ
ͥˤäƤϥեɤʤΤǡΤ
桼ǤȤʤ롣åȤΥХɤ̵뤵졢
Τ褦ʥѥåȤϥץȥˤäƤΤߥե륿󥰤롣
ͤΥե饰롣
.\"NAKANO Socket binding... ʸ̣狼
.TP
.BR IP_TOS " (Linux 1.0 ʹ)"
ΥåȤ뤹٤Ƥ IP ѥåȤŬѤ
Type-Of-Service (TOS) եɤꡦ롣
ϥͥåȥǤΥѥåȤͥ٤뤿Ѥ롣
TOS ϥХȥǡǤ롣ɸ TOS ե饰ĤƤ롣
.B IPTOS_LOWDELAY
ϥ󥿥饯ƥ֤ʥȥեåٱǾˤ롣
.B IPTOS_THROUGHPUT
ϥ롼ץåȤˤ롣
.B IPTOS_RELIABILITY
Ͽǹˤ롣
.B IPTOS_MINCOST
ž®٤٤Ƥ⤫ޤʤȤ֥ǡͤפΤѤ롣
Τ 1 ĤޤǤǤ롣
¾ΥӥåȤ̵ǡꥢ롣
.\"NAKANO äƤ롩
Linux ϥǥեȤǤ
.B IPTOS_LOWDELAY
ǡǽ롣
Τʿ񤤤ϥ塼˰¸롣
.\" FIXME elaborate on this
⤤ͥ٤ˤˤϥѡ桼
.RB ( CAP_NET_ADMIN
ѥӥƥ) ɬפȤʤ뤫⤷ʤ
ͥ٤
.RB ( SOL_SOCKET ", " SO_PRIORITY )
åȥץѤС
ץȥ˰¸ʤǤǤ
.RB ( socket (7)
򸫤)
.\" FIXME Document IP_TRANSPARENT
.\" Needs CAP_NET_ADMIN
.\" Boolean
.\" Since Linux 2.6.27
.\" commit f5715aea4564f233767ea1d944b2637a5fd7cd2e
.\" Author: KOVACS Krisztian <hidden@sch.bme.hu>
.TP
.BR IP_TTL " (Linux 1.0 ʹ)"
time-to-live եɤͤޤϼ롣
ͤϤΥåȤ뤹٤ƤΥѥåȤѤ롣
.\" FIXME Document IP_XFRM_POLICY
.\" Since Linux 2.5.48
.\" Needs CAP_NET_ADMIN
.SS /proc 󥿥ե
IP ץȥǤϡĤΥХѥ᡼ꤹ뤿
.I /proc
ե뷲ѰդƤ롣
Υѥ᡼ˤϡ
.I /proc/sys/net/ipv4/
ǥ쥯ȥΥեɤ߽񤭤ǥǤ롣
.\" FIXME As at 2.6.12, 14 Jun 2005, the following are undocumented:
.\"	ip_queue_maxlen
.\"	ip_conntrack_max
.I Boolean
Ƚ񤫤줿󥿥եͤȤꡢ
0 ʳ ("true") б륪ץͭ
0  ("false") ̵Ǥ뤳Ȥ̣롣
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_always_defrag " (Boolean; Linux 2.2.13 ʹ)"
[2.2.13 ǿо졣ΥСΥͥǤϡεǽ
ѥ
.B CONFIG_IP_ALWAYS_DEFRAG
ץˤä椵Ƥ;
Υե 2.4.x ʹߤǤ¸ߤʤ]

Υ֡ͤΥե饰ͭˤʤäƤ (0 ʳˤʤäƤ) ȡ
夷ե饰 (IP ѥåȤΰǡ
ȯȯδ֤ΤɤΥۥȤǡΥѥåȤ
礭ȽǤ졢ʬ䤵줿)
ϡȤեɤǤäƤ
˺ƹ (ǥե饰) 롣

ե뤬¦ΥͥåȥͣΥ󥯤äƤ
䡢Ʃץξ˸¤äͭˤ٤Ǥ롣
̾Υ롼ۥȤǤϷ褷ƻѤ뤳ȤΤʤ褦ˡ
ʤȥե饰Ȥ̤Υ󥯤ͳˡ
̿Υե饰ȲǤʤʤäƤޤ
ޤե饰Ⱥƹ۽ϥ CPU ֤ΥȤ礭

ϥޥ졼ɤƩץꤵȡ
Ի׵ĤʻȤߤˤäƼưŪͭˤʤ롣
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_autoconfig " (Linux 2.2 ʹ 2.6.17 ޤ)"
.\" Precisely: since 2.1.68
.\" FIXME document ip_autoconfig
ޤҤƤʤ
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_default_ttl " (integer; default: 64; Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.15
ФѥåȤ time-to-live ͤΥǥեȤ򥻥åȤ롣

.B IP_TTL
ץѤСѥåȤȤѤ뤳ȤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_dynaddr " (Boolean; default: disabled; Linux 2.0.31 ʹ)"
ưŪåȥɥ쥹ȡ󥿡եɥ쥹ѹ줿ݤ
ޥ졼ɥȥκƽ񤭹ߤͭˤ롣
륢åץ󥿡եǡ
IP ɥ쥹ѹǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_forward " (Boolean; default: disabled; Linux 1.2 ʹ)"
IP forwarding ͭˤ뤫ɤΥ֡ͥե饰
IP forwarding 뤫ɤϥ󥿡եȤˤǤ롣
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_local_port_range " (Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: since 2.1.68
åȤ˳ƤƤǥեȤΥݡȤϰϤ
ĤͿ롣Ƥ 1 ܤֹ椫Ϥޤꡢ 2 ܤֹǽ롣
ϥޥ졼ɤѤƤݡȤȽŤʤäƤϤʤʤ
(ξ갷뤬)
եΥѥåȥե륿Υݡȡ
ˤĤƲ餫β򤷤Ƥˤϡ
ֹ򾡼˷Ƥޤ꤬뤫⤷ʤ
1 ܤֹϾʤȤ 1024 礭٤Ǥ롣
ɤȤݡȤȤξͤ򤱤ꡢե
򤷤С 4096 礭ۤɤ
.\"
.TP
.IR ip_no_pmtu_disc " (Boolean; default: disabled; Linux 2.2 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: 2.1.15
ͭˤʤäƤȡǥեȤ TCP åȤФ
Path MTU Discoverty Ԥʤ
Path MTU Discovery ϡ
ꤵƤʤ (ICMP ѥåȤƥɥåפ) ե䡢
(point-to-point 󥯤 MTU פƤʤʤ)
ꤵƤʤ󥿡եϩ¸ߤȼԤƤޤ
Path MTU Discovery 򥰥Х̵ˤϡ
Ƥ롼ľۤɤ
Path MTU Discovery ̵ˤȥͥåȥΥȤ
礭ʤäƤޤǤ롣
.\"
.\" The following is from 2.6.12: Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
.TP
.IR ip_nonlocal_bind " (Boolean; default: disabled; Linux 2.4 ʹ)"
.\" Precisely: patch-2.4.0-test10
åȤƤСץʬʳ IP ɥ쥹
.BR bind (2)
Ǥ褦ˤʤ롣Ϥʤޤưʤץꥱ⤢롣
.\"
.\" The following is from 2.6.12: Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
.TP
.IR ip6frag_time " (integer; default 30)"
IPv6 ե饰ȤݻƤ (ñ)
.\"
.\" The following is from 2.6.12: Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt
.TP
.IR ip6frag_secret_interval " (integer; default 600)"
IPv6 ե饰Ȥ hash secret ֳ (hash secret μ̿)
(ñ)
.TP
.IR ipfrag_high_thresh " (integer), " ipfrag_low_thresh " (integer)"
塼󥰤Ƥ IP ե饰Ȥ̤
.I ipfrag_high_thresh
ãȡ塼Ƥ
.I ipfrag_low_thresh
ˤޤڤΤƤ롣줾礭
Хñ̤ɽͤäƤ롣
.TP
.I neigh/*
.BR arp (7)
򸫤衣
.\" FIXME Document the conf/*/* interfaces
.\" FIXME Document the route/* interfaces
.\" FIXME document them all
.SS ioctl
.BR socket (7)
˵ҤƤ ioctl ϡ٤
.B ip
ˤŬѤ롣
.\" 2006-04-02, mtk
.\" commented out the following because ipchains is obsolete
.\" .PP
.\" եط˴ؤ ioctl ˤĤƤ
.\" .B ipchains
.\" ѥå
.\" .BR ipfw (4)
.\" ˵ҤƤ롣
.PP
ͥåǥХΥѥ᡼ꤹ ioctl ˤĤƤ
.BR netdevice (7)
˵ҤƤ롣
.\" FIXME Add a discussion of multicasting
.SH 顼
.\" FIXME document all errors.
.\"     We should really fix the kernels to give more uniform
.\"     error returns (ENOMEM vs ENOBUFS, EPERM vs EACCES etc.)
.TP
.B EACCES
ɬפʸ¤Τʤ桼¹Ԥ褦Ȥ
ʲΤ褦ʾ礬ͤ:
.B SO_BROADCAST
ե饰ꤷƤʤ֤ǥ֥ɥ㥹ȥɥ쥹
ѥåȤȤ
.I prohibit
ʥ롼Ȥ̤ƥѥåȤȤ
ѡ桼
.RB ( CAP_NET_ADMIN
ѥӥƥ) ʤǥեѹ褦Ȥ
ѡ桼
.RB ( CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE
ѥӥƥ) ʤøݡȤ˥Хɤ褦Ȥ
.TP
.B EADDRINUSE
˻ȤƤ륢ɥ쥹˥Хɤ褦Ȥ
.TP
.B EADDRNOTAVAIL
¸ߤʤåȤ׵ᤵ줿ޤ׵ᤵ줿
ɥ쥹Ǥʤ
.TP
.B EAGAIN
֥å󥰥åȤФƥ֥åԤä
.TP
.B EALREADY
֥å󥰥åȤФ³˼¹Ǥ롣
.TP
.B ECONNABORTED
.BR accept (2)
κ³줿
.TP
.B EHOSTUNREACH
襢ɥ쥹˥ޥåͭʥȥ꤬롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥
¸ߤʤΥ顼ϥ⡼ȥ롼Ρ
뤤ϥ롼ƥ󥰥ơ֥ؤ
ICMP åˤäư뤳Ȥ롣
.TP
.B EINVAL
ʰϤ줿ˤơ
.I blackhole
롼Ȥ褦ȤȤΥ顼뤳Ȥ롣
.TP
.B EISCONN
.BR connect (2)
³ѤߤΥåȤФƸƤФ줿
.TP
.B EMSGSIZE
ǡब path MTU 礭ե饰ȲǤʤ
.TP
.BR ENOBUFS ", " ENOMEM
꤬­ʤ
Υ顼ϡꥢ󤬥åȥХåե
礭ˤä¤Ƥ뤳Ȥ̣ƤΤ̾Ǥ뤬
100% Ȥ櫓ǤϤʤ
.TP
.B ENOENT
ѥåȤ夷ƤʤåȤФ
.B SIOCGSTAMP
ƤФ줿
.TP
.B ENOPKG
ͥ륵֥ƥबꤵƤʤ
.TP
.BR ENOPROTOOPT "  " EOPNOTSUPP
ʥåȥץϤ줿
.TP
.B ENOTCONN
³ƤʤåȤФơ
³֤ǤƤʤԤȤ
.TP
.B EPERM
⤤ͥ٤ꤷꡢѹꡢ׵ᤵ줿ץ
ץ롼פ˥ʥäꤹΤɬפʸ¤
桼äƤʤ
.TP
.B EPIPE
³ԤƤʤä
뤤ϥåȥ󤵤줿
.TP
.B ESOCKTNOSUPPORT
åȤ̤Ǥ뤫Τʤåȥפ׵ᤵ줿
.PP
¾Υ顼ؤΥץȥˤä뤫⤷ʤ
.BR tcp (7),
.BR raw (7),
.BR udp (7),
.BR socket (7)
ʤɤ򻲾ȤΤȡ
.SH 
.BR IP_MTU ,
.BR IP_MTU_DISCOVER ,
.BR IP_PKTINFO ,
.BR IP_RECVERR ,
.B IP_ROUTER_ALERT
 Linux ͭǤꡢܿθץǤ
Ѥ٤ǤϤʤ
.\" IP_PASSSEC is Linux-specific
.\" IP_TRANSPARENT is Linux-specific
.\" IP_FREEBIND is Linux-specific
.\" IP_XFRM_POLICY is Linux-specific
.\" IP_IPSEC_POLICY is a non-standard extension, also present on some BSDs
.B SO_BROADCAST
ץѤˤϡ줰դ뤳ȡ
 Linux ǤøǤϤʤ
դʥ֥ɥ㥹ȤԤȡͥåȥϴñ˲پ֤ˤʤ롣
ץꥱץȥˤϡ֥ɥ㥹ȤǤϤʤ
ޥ㥹ȥ롼פѤۤ褤
֥ɥ㥹ȤϿ侩ʤ
.PP
¾ BSD ΥåȼǤϡ
.B IP_RCVDSTADDR

.B IP_RECVIF
Ȥäåȥץ󤬥ݡȤƤꡢ
襢ɥ쥹ǡΥ󥿡եǤ褦
ʤäƤ뤳Ȥ⤢롣
Linux ƱȤ餻ˤϡŪ
.B IP_PKTINFO
Ȥ롣
.PP
Ĥ BSD ΥåȼǤ
.B IP_RECVTTL
ץ󶡤Ƥ뤬
.B IP_RECVTTL
åϼѥåȤȤȤϤ롣
 Linux ǻȤƤ
.B IP_TTL
ץȤϰۤʤưǤ롣
.PP
.B SOL_IP
åȥץ٥ϰܿʤ
BSD ١Υץȥ륹åǤ
.B IPPROTO_IP
٥뤬ѤƤ롣
.SS ܿ
Linux 2.0 ȤθߴΤˡ obsolete 
.BI "socket(AF_INET, SOCK_PACKET, " protocol )
Ȥ񼰤Ǥ
.BR packet (7)
򥪡ץǤ褦ˤʤäƤ뤬ϤǤʤ
.BI "socket(AF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, " protocol )
Ѥ٤Ǥ롣ʰ㤤ϡͥåʥѤ
.I sockaddr_ll
ɥ쥹¤ΤŤ
.B sockaddr_pkt
ѤäѤ褦ˤʤäȤǤ롣
.SH Х
顼ͤӤƤʤ
.PP
IP ͭΥ󥿡եץꤹ뤿 ioctl 
ARP ơ֥ΤȤҤƤʤ
.PP
glibc ΥСˤäƤ
.I in_pktinfo
˺ƤΤ롣
ǤΤȤꤢкȤƤϡ man ڡˤץ
ԡ뤳ȤǤ롣
.PP
.BR recvmsg (2)

.I msg_name

.B MSG_ERRQUEUE
ꤷơѥåȤäƤ襢ɥ쥹ˡ
2.2 ͥΰǤޤưʤ
.\" .SH 
.\"  man ڡ Andi Kleen 񤤤
.SH Ϣ
.BR recvmsg (2),
.BR sendmsg (2),
.BR byteorder (3),
.BR ipfw (4),
.BR capabilities (7),
.BR netlink (7),
.BR raw (7),
.BR socket (7),
.BR tcp (7),
.BR udp (7)
.PP
.BR RFC\ 791 :
ꥸʥ IP λ
.br
.BR RFC\ 1122 :
IPv4 ۥȤɬ׾
.br
.BR RFC\ 1812 :
IPv4 롼ɬ׾
.\" FIXME autobind INADDR REUSEADDR