.\" Copyright 1993 Giorgio Ciucci (giorgio@crcc.it)
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this
.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date.  The author(s) assume no
.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from
.\" the use of the information contained herein.  The author(s) may not
.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual,
.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working
.\" professionally.
.\"
.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by
.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work.
.\"
.\" Japanese Version Copyright (c) 1998 HANATAKA Shinya
.\"         all rights reserved.
.\" Translated Wed Feb 11 21:29:14 JST 1998
.\"         by HANATAKA Shinya <hanataka@abyss.rim.or.jp>
.\"
.\"WORD:	semaphore set		ޥե
.\"WORD:	shared memory segment	ͭꡦ
.\"WORD:	message queue		å塼
.\"
.\" FIXME There is now duplication of some of the information
.\" below in semctl.2, msgctl.2, and shmctl.2 -- MTK, Nov 04
.TH SVIPC 7 2009-01-26 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH ̾
svipc \- System V ץ̿
.SH 
.nf
.B #include <sys/types.h>
.B #include <sys/ipc.h>
.B #include <sys/msg.h>
.B #include <sys/sem.h>
.B #include <sys/shm.h>
.fi
.SH 
Υޥ˥奢롦ڡ System V ץ̿
(interprocess communication; IPC)  Linux 
롣
Υץ̿ˤϡ
å塼 (message queue)ޥե (semaphore set)
ͭꡦ (shared memory segment) ʤɤ롣ʲ
.I " (resource)"
ȤѸѤˤϤεΤɤ줫̣롣
.SS 񸻤ؤΥ
ƥΤ줾λ񸻤ϡIPC ؤĤ뤫ɤꤹ
ξ̤ι¤
.I "struct ipc_perm"
˳ǼƻѤ롣
.I ipc_perm
¤Τϡإåե
.I <sys/ipc.h>
ƤꡢʲΥСޤޤƤ:
.in +4n
.nf

struct ipc_perm {
    uid_t          cuid;   /* ԤΥ桼ID */
    gid_t          cgid;   /* ԤΥ롼ID */
    uid_t          uid;    /* ͭԤΥ桼ID */
    gid_t          gid;    /* ͭԤΥ롼ID */
    unsigned short mode;   /* ɤ߽񤭤ε */
};
.fi
.in
.PP
.I ipc_perm
¤Τ
.I mode
Сϰʲ 9 ӥåȤǡץ IPC ƥࡦ
ˤ񸻤ؤΥĤ롣
ĤϰʲΤ褦˲ᤵ:
.sp
.nf
    0400    桼ˤɤ߹ߡ
    0200    桼ˤ񤭹ߡ
.sp .5
    0040    롼פˤɤ߹ߡ
    0020    롼פˤ񤭹ߡ
.sp .5
    0004    ¾ͤˤɤ߹ߡ
    0002    ¾ͤˤ񤭹ߡ
.fi
.PP
ƥϥӥå 0100, 0010, 0001 (¹ԥӥå) ϻѤʤ
ˡޥեξˤ
"񤭹(write)"
ϼºݤˤ
"ѹ(alter)"
̣롣
.PP
ƱإåեˤϰʲΥܥޤޤƤ:
.TP 14
.B IPC_CREAT
(key)¸ߤʤˤϿʥȥ롣
.TP
.B IPC_EXCL
(key)¸ߤˤϼԤ롣
.TP
.B IPC_NOWAIT
׵᤬Ԥˤϥ顼ˤʤ롣
.TP
.B IPC_PRIVATE
ץ饤١ȡ
.TP
.B IPC_RMID
񸻤롣
.TP
.B IPC_SET
񸻤˥ץꤹ롣
.TP
.B IPC_STAT
񸻤Υץ롣
.PP
.B IPC_PRIVATE

.I key_t
Ǥ롣¾ƤΥܥϥե饰եɤȤ
.I int
ѿ OR 黻dzǼ뤳ȤǤ롣
.SS å塼
å塼
.RI "(" msqid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.I <sys/msg.h>
Ƥ빽¤
.IR "struct msqid_ds"
˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.in +4n
.nf

struct msqid_ds {
    struct ipc_perm msg_perm;
    msgqnum_t       msg_qnum;    /* 塼ˤåο */
    msglen_t        msg_qbytes;  /* 塼κХȿ */
    pid_t           msg_lspid;   /* Ǹ msgsnd(2) 򤷤 PID */
    pid_t           msg_lrpid;   /* Ǹ msgrcv(2) 򤷤 PID */
    time_t          msg_stime;   /* Ǹ msgsnd(2) 򤷤 */
    time_t          msg_rtime;   /* Ǹ msgrcv(2) 򤷤 */
    time_t          msg_ctime;   /* Ǹѹ줿 */
};
.fi
.in
.TP 11
.I msg_perm
å塼ؤΥĤꤹ
.I ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.I msg_qnum
ߡΥå塼ˤåο
.TP
.I msg_qbytes
å塼뤳ȤǤåκХȿ
.TP
.I msg_lspid
Ǹ
.BR msgsnd (2)
ƥࡦԤʤäץ ID
.TP
.I msg_lrpid
Ǹ
.BR msgrcv (2)
ƥࡦԤʤäץ ID
.TP
.I msg_stime
Ǹ
.BR msgsnd (2)
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.I msg_rtime
Ǹ
.BR msgrcv (2)
Ԥʤä֡
.TP
.I msg_ctime
Ǹ
.I msqid_ds
¤ΤΥСѹ줿֡
.SS ޥե
ޥե
.RI "(" semid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.I <sys/sem.h>
Ƥ빽¤
.IR "struct semid_ds"
˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.in +4n
.nf

struct semid_ds {
    struct ipc_perm sem_perm;
    time_t          sem_otime;   /* Ǹ */
    time_t          sem_ctime;   /* Ǹѹ */
    unsigned long   sem_nsems;   /* ˤ륻ޥե */
};
.fi
.in
.TP 11
.I sem_perm
ޥեؤΥĤꤹ
.I ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.I sem_otime
Ǹ
.BR semop (2)
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.I sem_ctime
Ǹ
.BR semctl (2)
Ԥʤäƾ嵭ι¤ΤΥСѹ뤫ޥե°
ޥեѹ֡
.TP
.I sem_nsems
ޥեˤ륻ޥեο
ˤ뤽줾ΥޥեǤʤˤäƻȤ졢
.B 0

.I sem_nsems\-1
ޤǤֹġ
.PP
ޥե
.I "struct sem"
Υǡ¤ΤǤꡢʲΥСޤǤ:
.in +4n
.nf

struct sem {
    int semval;  /* ޥե */
    int sempid;  /* Ǹץ ID */
.\"    unsigned short semncnt; /* semval äԤĿ */
.\"    unsigned short semzcnt; /* semval = 0 ԤĿ */
};
.fi
.in
.TP 11
.I semval
ޥե: Ǥʤ
.TP
.I sempid
ΥޥեǸץ ID
.\".TP
.\".I semncnt
.\".I semval
.\"ͤäԤäߤƤץο
.\".TP
.\".I semznt
.\".I semval
.\" 0 ˤʤΤԤäߤƤץο
.SS ͭꡦ
ͭꡦȤ
.RI "(" shmid )
ˤäƼ̤졢
.I <sys/shm.h>
Ƥ
.IR "struct shmid_ds"
¤Τ˷ӤĤƤ롣
ι¤ΤϰʲΥСޤǤ:
.in +4n
.nf

struct shmid_ds {
    struct ipc_perm shm_perm;
    size_t          shm_segsz;   /* ȤΥ */
    pid_t           shm_cpid;    /* ԤΥץ ID */
    pid_t           shm_lpid;    /* Ǹץ ID */
    shmatt_t        shm_nattch;  /* ߡղäƤ */
    time_t          shm_atime;   /* Ǹղä */
    time_t          shm_dtime;   /* ǸʬΥ */
    time_t          shm_ctime;   /* Ǹѹ */
};
.fi
.in
.TP 11
.I shm_perm
ͭꡦȤؤΥĤꤷ
.I ipc_perm
¤Ρ
.TP
.I shm_segsz
ͭꡦȤΥХȿ
.TP
.I shm_cpid
ͭꡦȤץ ID
.TP
.I shm_lpid
Ǹ
.BR shmat (2)
ޤ
.BR shmdt (2)
ƥࡦ¹Ԥץ ID
.TP
.I shm_nattch
ζͭꡦȤղ (attach) Ƥץο
.TP
.I shm_atime
Ǹ
.BR shmat (2)
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.I shm_dtime
Ǹ
.BR shmdt (2)
ƥࡦԤʤä֡
.TP
.I shm_ctime
Ǹ
.BR shmctl (2)
ƥࡦԤʤäơ
.I shmid_ds
¤Τѹ֡
.SH Ϣ
.BR ipc (2),
.BR msgctl (2),
.BR msgget (2),
.BR msgrcv (2),
.BR msgsnd (2),
.BR semctl (2),
.BR semget (2),
.BR semop (2),
.BR shmat (2),
.BR shmctl (2),
.BR shmdt (2),
.BR shmget (2),
.BR ftok (3)