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.\" Copyright, the authors of the Linux man-pages project
.\"
.\" SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
.\"
.TH hd 4 2025-05-17 "Linux man-pages (unreleased)"
.SH NAME
hd \- MFM/IDE hard disk devices
.SH DESCRIPTION
The
.B hd*
devices are block devices to access MFM/IDE hard disk drives
in raw mode.
The master drive on the primary IDE controller (major device
number 3) is
.BR hda ;
the slave drive is
.BR hdb .
The master drive of the second controller (major device number 22)
is
.B hdc
and the slave is
.BR hdd .
.P
General IDE block device names have the form
.BI hd X\c
, or
.BI hd XP\c
, where
.I X
is a letter denoting the physical drive, and
.I P
is a number denoting the partition on that physical drive.
The first form,
.BI hd X\c
, is used to address the whole drive.
Partition numbers are assigned in the order the partitions
are discovered, and only nonempty, nonextended partitions
get a number.
However, partition numbers 1\[en]4 are given to the
four partitions described in the MBR (the "primary" partitions),
regardless of whether they are unused or extended.
Thus, the first logical partition will be
.BI hd X 5\c
\&.
Both DOS-type partitioning and BSD-disklabel partitioning are supported.
You can have at most 63 partitions on an IDE disk.
.P
For example,
.I /dev/hda
refers to all of the first IDE drive in the system; and
.I /dev/hdb3
refers to the third DOS "primary" partition on the second one.
.P
They are typically created by:
.P
.in +4n
.EX
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hda b 3 0
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hda1 b 3 1
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hda2 b 3 2
\&...
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hda8 b 3 8
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hdb b 3 64
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hdb1 b 3 65
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hdb2 b 3 66
\&...
mknod \-m 660 /dev/hdb8 b 3 72
chown root:disk /dev/hd*
.EE
.in
.SH FILES
.I /dev/hd*
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR chown (1),
.BR mknod (1),
.BR sd (4),
.BR mount (8)
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