create table t1 (a int, b  varchar(32));
insert into t1 values
(4,'aaaa' ), (7,'bb'), (1,'ccc'), (4,'dd');
insert into t1 values
(3,'eee'), (7,'bb'), (1,'fff'), (4,'ggg');
create table t2 (c int);
insert into t2 values
(2), (4), (5), (3);
# select certain field in the specification of t
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
c	a
4	4
3	3
4	4
select * from t2, (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a;
c	a
4	4
3	3
4	4
explain 
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select * from t2, (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# select '*' in the specification of t
with t as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	b
4	4	dd
3	3	eee
4	4	ggg
select * from t2, (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	b
4	4	dd
3	3	eee
4	4	ggg
explain
with t as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select * from t2, (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# rename fields returned by the specication when defining t
with t(f1,f2) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.f1;
c	f1	f2
4	4	dd
3	3	eee
4	4	ggg
explain
with t(f1,f2) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.f1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# materialized query specifying t
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	count(*)
4	4	2
3	3	1
select * from t2, (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) as t 
where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	count(*)
4	4	2
3	3	1
explain
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ref	key0	key0	5	test.t2.c	1	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
explain
select * from t2, (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) as t 
where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ref	key0	key0	5	test.t2.c	1	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
# specivication of t contains having
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c'
             group by a having count(*)=1 ) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	count(*)
3	3	1
select * from t2, (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c'
                      group by a having count(*)=1) t
where t2.c=t.a;
c	a	count(*)
3	3	1
# main query contains having
with t as (select * from t2 where c <= 4) 
select a, count(*) from t1,t where t1.a=t.c group by a having count(*)=1;
a	count(*)
3	1
select a, count(*) from t1, (select * from t2 where c <= 4) t 
where t1.a=t.c group by a having count(*)=1;
a	count(*)
3	1
# main query contains group by + order by
with t as (select * from t2 where c <= 4 ) 
select a, count(*) from t1,t where t1.a=t.c group by a order by count(*);
a	count(*)
3	1
4	3
select a, count(*) from t1, (select * from t2 where c <= 4 ) t
where t1.a=t.c group by a order by count(*);
a	count(*)
3	1
4	3
# main query contains group by + order by + limit
with t as (select * from t2 where c <= 4 ) 
select a, count(*) from t1,t
where t1.a=t.c group by a order by count(*) desc limit 1;
a	count(*)
4	3
select a, count(*) from t1, (select * from t2 where c <= 4 ) t
where t1.a=t.c group by a order by count(*) desc limit 1;
a	count(*)
4	3
# t is used in a subquery
with t as (select a from t1 where a<5)
select * from t2 where c in (select a from t);
c
4
3
select * from t2 
where c in (select a from (select a from t1 where a<5) as t);
c
4
3
explain
with t as (select a from t1 where a<5)
select * from t2 where c in (select a from t);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; FirstMatch(t2); Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select * from t2 
where c in (select a from (select a from t1 where a<5) as t);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; FirstMatch(t2); Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# materialized t is used in a subquery
with t as (select count(*) as c from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a)
select * from t2 where c in (select c from t);
c
2
select * from t2
where c in (select c from (select count(*) as c from t1
where b >= 'c' group by a) as t);
c
2
explain
with t as (select count(*) as c from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a)
select * from t2 where c in (select c from t);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ref	key0	key0	8	test.t2.c	1	Using where; FirstMatch(t2)
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
explain
select * from t2
where c in (select c from (select count(*) as c from t1
where b >= 'c' group by a) as t);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived3>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	8	test.t2.c	1	Using where
3	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
# two references to t specified by a query
# selecting a field:  both in main query
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
a	a
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
3	3
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2 
where r1.a=r2.a;
a	a
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
3	3
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
explain
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2 
where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# two references to materialized t: both in main query
with t as (select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
a	a
1	1
4	4
3	3
select * from (select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2 
where r1.a=r2.a;
a	a
1	1
4	4
3	3
explain
with t as (select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived3>	ref	key0	key0	5	r1.a	1	
3	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary
explain
select * from (select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select distinct a from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2 
where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived3>	ref	key0	key0	5	r1.a	1	
3	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary
# two references to t specified by a query
# selecting all fields:  both in main query
with t as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
a	b	a	b
1	ccc	1	ccc
1	fff	1	ccc
4	dd	4	dd
4	ggg	4	dd
3	eee	3	eee
1	ccc	1	fff
1	fff	1	fff
4	dd	4	ggg
4	ggg	4	ggg
select * from (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2
where r1.a=r2.a;
a	b	a	b
1	ccc	1	ccc
1	fff	1	ccc
4	dd	4	dd
4	ggg	4	dd
3	eee	3	eee
1	ccc	1	fff
1	fff	1	fff
4	dd	4	ggg
4	ggg	4	ggg
explain
with t as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select * from (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as r1,
(select * from t1 where b >= 'c') as r2
where r1.a=r2.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# two references to t specifying explicitly column names
with t(c) as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t r1, t r2 where r1.c=r2.c;
c	c
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
3	3
1	1
1	1
4	4
4	4
# t two references of t used in different parts of a union
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t where a < 2
union
select * from t where a >= 4;
a
1
4
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t.a < 2
union
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t.a >= 4;
a
1
4
explain
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t where a < 2
union
select * from t where a >= 4;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
3	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
explain
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t.a < 2
union
select * from (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t.a >= 4;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
3	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
# specification of t contains union
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'f' 
union
select c as a from t2 where c < 4) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
c	a
2	2
4	4
3	3
select * from t2, 
(select a from t1 where b >= 'f' 
union
select c as a from t2 where c < 4) as t 
where t2.c=t.a;
c	a
2	2
4	4
3	3
explain
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'f' 
union
select c as a from t2 where c < 4) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	5	test.t2.c	1	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
3	UNION	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
explain
select * from t2, 
(select a from t1 where b >= 'f' 
union
select c as a from t2 where c < 4) as t 
where t2.c=t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	5	test.t2.c	1	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
3	UNION	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union2,3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
# t is defined in the with clause of a subquery
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t2
where t1.a>t2.c and
t2.c in (with t as (select * from t1 where t1.a<5)
select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.a);
a	b
4	aaaa
7	bb
7	bb
4	dd
7	bb
7	bb
4	ggg
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t2
where t1.a>t2.c and
t2.c in (select t2.c
from t2,(select * from t1 where t1.a<5) as t
where t2.c=t.a);
a	b
4	aaaa
7	bb
7	bb
4	dd
7	bb
7	bb
4	ggg
explain
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t2
where t1.a>t2.c and
t2.c in (with t as (select * from t1 where t1.a<5)
select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.a);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	PRIMARY	<subquery3>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	4	func	1	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
3	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
3	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t2
where t1.a>t2.c and
t2.c in (select t2.c
from t2,(select * from t1 where t1.a<5) as t
where t2.c=t.a);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	PRIMARY	<subquery2>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	4	func	1	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
2	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
2	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# two different definitions of t: one in the with clause of the main query,
# the other in the with clause of a subquery 
with t as (select c from t2 where c >= 4)
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t
where t1.a=t.c and
t.c in (with t as (select * from t1 where t1.a<5)
select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.a);
a	b
4	aaaa
4	dd
4	ggg
select t1.a,t1.b from t1, (select c from t2 where c >= 4) as t
where t1.a=t.c and
t.c in (select t2.c from t2,  (select * from t1 where t1.a<5) as t
where t2.c=t.a);
a	b
4	aaaa
4	dd
4	ggg
explain
with t as (select c from t2 where c >= 4)
select t1.a,t1.b from t1,t
where t1.a=t.c and
t.c in (with t as (select * from t1 where t1.a<5)
select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.a);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<subquery4>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	4	func	1	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
4	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
4	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select t1.a,t1.b from t1, (select c from t2 where c >= 4) as t
where t1.a=t.c and
t.c in (select t2.c from t2,  (select * from t1 where t1.a<5) as t
where t2.c=t.a);
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<subquery3>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	4	func	1	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
3	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
3	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# another with table tt is defined in the with clause of a subquery
# from the specification of t
with t as (select * from t1
where a>2 and
b in (with tt as (select * from t2 where t2.c<5)
select t1.b from t1,tt where t1.a=tt.c))
select t.a, count(*) from t1,t where t1.a=t.a  group by t.a;
a	count(*)
3	1
4	9
select t.a, count(*)
from t1,
(select * from t1
where a>2 and
b in (select t1.b
from t1,
(select * from t2 where t2.c<5) as tt
where t1.a=tt.c)) as t
where t1.a=t.a  group by t.a;
a	count(*)
3	1
4	9
explain
with t as (select * from t1
where a>2 and
b in (with tt as (select * from t2 where t2.c<5)
select t1.b from t1,tt where t1.a=tt.c))
select t.a, count(*) from t1,t where t1.a=t.a  group by t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
1	PRIMARY	<subquery4>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	131	func	1	
4	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
4	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain
select t.a, count(*)
from t1,
(select * from t1
where a>2 and
b in (select t1.b
from t1,
(select * from t2 where t2.c<5) as tt
where t1.a=tt.c)) as t
where t1.a=t.a  group by t.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
1	PRIMARY	<subquery3>	eq_ref	distinct_key	distinct_key	131	func	1	
3	MATERIALIZED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
3	MATERIALIZED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# with clause in the specification of a derived table
select *
from t1, 
(with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a) as tt
where t1.b > 'f' and tt.a=t1.a;
a	b	c	a
4	ggg	4	4
4	ggg	4	4
select *
from t1, 
(select * from t2,
(select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a) as tt
where t1.b > 'f' and tt.a=t1.a;
a	b	c	a
4	ggg	4	4
4	ggg	4	4
explain
select *
from t1, 
(with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a) as tt
where t1.b > 'f' and tt.a=t1.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (incremental, BNL join)
explain
select *
from t1, 
(select * from t2,
(select a from t1 where b >= 'c') as t
where t2.c=t.a) as tt
where t1.b > 'f' and tt.a=t1.a;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (incremental, BNL join)
# with claused in the specification of a view
create view v1 as 
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS with t as (select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1` where `t1`.`b` >= 'c')select `t2`.`c` AS `c`,`t`.`a` AS `a` from (`t2` join `t`) where `t2`.`c` = `t`.`a`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v1;
c	a
4	4
3	3
4	4
explain
select * from v1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# with claused in the specification of a materialized view
create view v2 as 
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
show create view v2;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v2	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v2` AS with t as (select `t1`.`a` AS `a`,count(0) AS `count(*)` from `t1` where `t1`.`b` >= 'c' group by `t1`.`a`)select `t2`.`c` AS `c`,`t`.`a` AS `a`,`t`.`count(*)` AS `count(*)` from (`t2` join `t`) where `t2`.`c` = `t`.`a`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v2;
c	a	count(*)
4	4	2
3	3	1
explain
select * from v2;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	Using where
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ref	key0	key0	5	test.t2.c	1	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort
# with clause in the specification of a view that whose definition
# table alias for a with table
create view v3 as
with t(c) as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t r1 where r1.c=4;
show create view v3;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v3	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v3` AS with t(`c`) as (select `t1`.`a` AS `c` from `t1` where `t1`.`b` >= 'c')select `r1`.`c` AS `c` from `t` `r1` where `r1`.`c` = 4	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v3;
c
4
4
# with clause in the specification of a view that whose definition
# two table aliases for for the same with table
create view v4(c,d) as
with t(c) as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c')
select * from t r1, t r2 where r1.c=r2.c and r2.c=4;
show create view v4;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v4	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v4` AS with t(`c`) as (select `t1`.`a` AS `c` from `t1` where `t1`.`b` >= 'c')select `r1`.`c` AS `c`,`r2`.`c` AS `d` from (`t` `r1` join `t` `r2`) where `r1`.`c` = `r2`.`c` and `r2`.`c` = 4	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v4;
c	d
4	4
4	4
4	4
4	4
explain
select * from v4;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where
1	SIMPLE	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
drop view v1,v2,v3,v4;
# currently any views containing with clause are not updatable
create view v1(a) as 
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select t.a from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
update v1 set a=0 where a > 4;
ERROR HY000: The target table v1 of the UPDATE is not updatable
drop view v1;
# prepare of a query containing a definition of a with table t
prepare stmt1 from "
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
  select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
";
execute stmt1;
c	a
4	4
3	3
4	4
execute stmt1;
c	a
4	4
3	3
4	4
deallocate prepare stmt1;
# prepare of a query containing a definition of a materialized t
prepare stmt1 from "
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a) 
 select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.a;
";
execute stmt1;
c	a	count(*)
4	4	2
3	3	1
execute stmt1;
c	a	count(*)
4	4	2
3	3	1
deallocate prepare stmt1;
# prepare of a query containing two references to with table t
prepare stmt1 from "
with t as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c')
  select * from t as r1, t as r2 where r1.a=r2.a;
";
execute stmt1;
a	b	a	b
1	ccc	1	ccc
1	fff	1	ccc
4	dd	4	dd
4	ggg	4	dd
3	eee	3	eee
1	ccc	1	fff
1	fff	1	fff
4	dd	4	ggg
4	ggg	4	ggg
execute stmt1;
a	b	a	b
1	ccc	1	ccc
1	fff	1	ccc
4	dd	4	dd
4	ggg	4	dd
3	eee	3	eee
1	ccc	1	fff
1	fff	1	fff
4	dd	4	ggg
4	ggg	4	ggg
deallocate prepare stmt1;
with t(f) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.f1;
ERROR HY000: WITH column list and SELECT field list have different column counts
with t(f1,f1) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select * from t2,t where t2.c=t.f1;
ERROR 42S21: Duplicate column name 'f1'
with t as (select * from t2 where c>3),
t as (select a from t1 where a>2)
select * from t,t1 where t1.a=t.c;
ERROR HY000: Duplicate query name `t` in WITH clause
with t as (select a from s where a<5),
s as (select a from t1 where b>='d')
select * from t,s where t.a=s.a;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'test.s' doesn't exist
with recursive
t as (select a from s where a<5),
s as (select a from t1 where b>='d')
select * from t,s where t.a=s.a;
a	a
4	4
4	4
3	3
1	1
4	4
4	4
with recursive t as (select * from s where a>2),
s as (select a from t1,r where t1.a>r.c), 
r as (select c from t,t2 where t.a=t2.c) 
select * from r where r.c<7;
ERROR HY000: No anchors for recursive WITH element 't'
with recursive
t as (select * from s where a>2),
s as (select a from t1,r where t1.a>r.c), 
r as (select c from t,t2 where t.a=t2.c) 
select * from r where r.c<7;
ERROR HY000: No anchors for recursive WITH element 't'
with recursive
t as (select * from t1
where a in (select c from s where b<='ccc') and  b>'b'),
s as (select * from t1,t2
where t1.a=t2.c and t1.c in (select a from t where a<5))
select * from s where s.b>'aaa';
ERROR HY000: No anchors for recursive WITH element 't'
with recursive 
t as (select * from t1 where b>'aaa' and b <='d') 
select t.b from t,t2
where t.a=t2.c and
t2.c in (with recursive
s as (select t1.a from s,t1 where t1.a=s.a and t1.b<'c')
select * from s);
ERROR HY000: No anchors for recursive WITH element 's'
#erroneous definition of unreferenced with table t
with t as (select count(*) from t1 where d>='f' group by a)
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 'd' in 'WHERE'
with t as (select count(*) from t1 where b>='f' group by a)
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
b
aaaa
dd
eee
ggg
#erroneous definition of s referring to unreferenced t
with t(d) as (select count(*) from t1 where b<='ccc' group by b),
s as (select * from t1 where a in (select t2.d from t2,t where t2.c=t.d))
select t1.b from t1,t2 where t1.a=t2.c;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 't2.d' in 'SELECT'
with t(d) as (select count(*) from t1 where b<='ccc' group by b),
s as (select * from t1 where a in (select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.c))
select t1.b from t1,t2 where t1.a=t2.c;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 't.c' in 'WHERE'
with t(d) as (select count(*) from t1 where b<='ccc' group by b),
s as (select * from t1 where a in (select t2.c from t2,t where t2.c=t.d))
select t1.b from t1,t2 where t1.a=t2.c;
b
aaaa
dd
eee
ggg
#erroneous definition of unreferenced with table t
with t(f) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
ERROR HY000: WITH column list and SELECT field list have different column counts
#erroneous definition of unreferenced with table t
with t(f1,f1) as (select * from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
ERROR 42S21: Duplicate column name 'f1'
# explain for query with unreferenced with table
explain 
with t as (select a from t1 where b >= 'c') 
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
explain 
with t as (select a, count(*) from t1 where b >= 'c' group by a)
select t1.b from t2,t1 where t1.a = t2.c;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	4	
1	PRIMARY	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	8	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
# too many with elements in with clause
with s65 as (select * from t1), s64 as (select * from t1) , s63 as (select * from t1) , s62 as (select * from t1) , s61 as (select * from t1) , s60 as (select * from t1) , s59 as (select * from t1) , s58 as (select * from t1) , s57 as (select * from t1) , s56 as (select * from t1) , s55 as (select * from t1) , s54 as (select * from t1) , s53 as (select * from t1) , s52 as (select * from t1) , s51 as (select * from t1) , s50 as (select * from t1) , s49 as (select * from t1) , s48 as (select * from t1) , s47 as (select * from t1) , s46 as (select * from t1) , s45 as (select * from t1) , s44 as (select * from t1) , s43 as (select * from t1) , s42 as (select * from t1) , s41 as (select * from t1) , s40 as (select * from t1) , s39 as (select * from t1) , s38 as (select * from t1) , s37 as (select * from t1) , s36 as (select * from t1) , s35 as (select * from t1) , s34 as (select * from t1) , s33 as (select * from t1) , s32 as (select * from t1) , s31 as (select * from t1) , s30 as (select * from t1) , s29 as (select * from t1) , s28 as (select * from t1) , s27 as (select * from t1) , s26 as (select * from t1) , s25 as (select * from t1) , s24 as (select * from t1) , s23 as (select * from t1) , s22 as (select * from t1) , s21 as (select * from t1) , s20 as (select * from t1) , s19 as (select * from t1) , s18 as (select * from t1) , s17 as (select * from t1) , s16 as (select * from t1) , s15 as (select * from t1) , s14 as (select * from t1) , s13 as (select * from t1) , s12 as (select * from t1) , s11 as (select * from t1) , s10 as (select * from t1) , s9 as (select * from t1) , s8 as (select * from t1) , s7 as (select * from t1) , s6 as (select * from t1) , s5 as (select * from t1) , s4 as (select * from t1) , s3 as (select * from t1) , s2 as (select * from t1) , s1 as (select * from t1)  select * from s65;
ERROR HY000: Too many WITH elements in WITH clause
drop table t1,t2;
#
# Bug mdev-9937: View used in the specification of with table 
#                refers to the base table with the same name 
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (20), (30), (10);
create view v1 as select * from t1 where a > 10;
with t1 as (select * from v1) select * from t1;
a
20
30
drop view v1;
drop table t1;
#
# Bug mdev-10058: Invalid derived table with WITH clause  
#                 
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT);
CREATE TABLE t2 (a INT);
CREATE TABLE t3 (a INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) (t2 NATURAL JOIN t3));
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 't2 NATURAL JOIN t3))' at line 1
SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t3) AS d1;
a
1
2
3
DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3;
#
# Bug mdev-10344: the WITH clause of the query refers to a view that uses 
#     a base table with the same name as a  CTE table from the clause 
#
create table ten(a int primary key);
insert into ten values (0),(1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9);
create table one_k(a int primary key);
insert into one_k select A.a + B.a* 10 + C.a * 100 from ten A, ten B, ten C;
create view v1 as select * from ten;
select * from v1;
a
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
drop view v1;
drop table ten, one_k;
#
# MDEV-10057 : Crash with EXPLAIN + WITH + constant query
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) SELECT 1) AS t1;
1
1
EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) SELECT 1) AS t1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived3>	system	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	1	
3	DERIVED	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	No tables used
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# MDEV-10058: Suspicious EXPLAIN output for a derived table + WITH + joined table	
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT);
CREATE TABLE t2 (a INT);
CREATE TABLE t3 (a INT);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) (t2 NATURAL JOIN t3));
ERROR 42000: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 't2 NATURAL JOIN t3))' at line 1
explain SELECT * FROM (WITH a AS (SELECT * FROM t1) SELECT * FROM t2 NATURAL JOIN t3) AS d1;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	
1	PRIMARY	t3	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3;
#
# MDEV-10729: Server crashes in st_select_lex::set_explain_type
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (i1 INT, KEY(i1)) ENGINE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (4),(8);
CREATE TABLE t2 (a2 INT, b2 INT, KEY(b2)) ENGINE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (8,7);
CREATE TABLE t3 (i3 INT) ENGINE=MyISAM;
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (2),(6);
SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE a2 = i1 and b2 >= i1 AND i1 IN ( SELECT i3 FROM t3 )
UNION
SELECT * FROM t1, t2 WHERE a2 = i1 and b2 >= i1 AND i1 IN ( SELECT i3 FROM t3 )
;
i1	a2	b2
DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3;
#
# MDEV-10923: mergeable CTE used twice in the query
#
create table employees (
name varchar(32),
dept varchar(32),
country varchar(8)
);
insert into employees 
values 
('Sergei Golubchik', 'Development', 'DE'),
('Claudio Nanni', 'Support', 'ES'),
('Sergei Petrunia', 'Development', 'RU');
with eng as 
(
select * from employees
where dept in ('Development','Support')
),
eu_eng  as 
(
select * from eng where country IN ('DE','ES','RU')
)
select * from eu_eng T1 
where 
not exists (select 1 from eu_eng T2 
where T2.country=T1.country
and T2.name <> T1.name);
name	dept	country
Sergei Golubchik	Development	DE
Claudio Nanni	Support	ES
Sergei Petrunia	Development	RU
drop table employees;
#
# MDEV-11818: EXPLAIN EXTENDED for a query with optimized away CTE table
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (i INT, c VARCHAR(3));
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,'foo');
EXPLAIN EXTENDED
WITH cte AS ( SELECT * FROM t1 ) SELECT i FROM cte;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	SIMPLE	t1	system	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	1	100.00	
Warnings:
Note	1003	with cte as (select `test`.`t1`.`i` AS `i`,`test`.`t1`.`c` AS `c` from `test`.`t1`)select 1 AS `i` from dual
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# MDEV-12185: view defintion contains WITH clause with 
#             several specifications of CTE
#
with
alias1 as (select 1 as one),
alias2 as (select 2 as two)
select one, two from alias1, alias2;
one	two
1	2
create view v1 as 
with
alias1 as (select 1 as one),
alias2 as (select 2 as two)
select one, two from alias1, alias2;
select * from v1;
one	two
1	2
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS with alias1 as (select 1 AS `one`), alias2 as (select 2 AS `two`)select `alias1`.`one` AS `one`,`alias2`.`two` AS `two` from (`alias1` join `alias2`)	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
drop view v1;
#
# MDEV-12440: the same CTE table is used twice
#
create table t1 (a int, b  varchar(32));
insert into t1 values
(4,'aaaa' ), (7,'bb'), (1,'ccc'), (4,'dd');
# cte2 is used in the main query and in the spec for ct3
with
cte1 as (select * from t1 where  b >= 'c'),
cte2 as (select * from cte1 where a < 7),
cte3 as (select * from cte2 where a > 1)
select * from cte2, cte3 where cte2.a = cte3.a;
a	b	a	b
4	dd	4	dd
# cte2 is used twice in the spec for ct3
with
cte1 as (select * from t1 where  b >= 'b'),
cte2 as (select * from cte1 where b > 'c'),
cte3 as (select * from cte2 where a > 1 union select * from cte2 where a > 1)
select * from cte3;
a	b
4	dd
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-12558: CTE with the same name as temporary table
#
CREATE TABLE t ENGINE=MyISAM AS SELECT 1 AS i;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE cte ENGINE=MyISAM AS SELECT 2 AS f;
WITH cte AS ( SELECT i FROM t ) SELECT * FROM cte;
i
1
WITH cte AS ( SELECT i FROM t GROUP BY i) SELECT * FROM cte;
i
1
SELECT * FROM cte;
f
2
DROP TABLE cte;
DROP TABLE t;
#
# MDEV-13107: SHOW TABLE STATUS, SHOW CREATE VIEW 
#             for CTEs that use derived tables
#
create table t1(a int) engine=myisam;
insert into t1 values (3), (1), (2);
create table t2 (b int) engine=myisam;
insert into t2 values (2), (10);
create view v1 as
with t as (select s.a from (select t1.a from t1) s),
r as(select t.a from t2, t where t2.b=t.a)
select a from r;
create view v2 as
with t as (select s.a from (select t1.a from t1) s),
r as(select t.a from t2, t where t2.b=t.a)
select a from t1;
show table status;
show create view v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v1` AS with t as (select `s`.`a` AS `a` from (select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1`) `s`), r as (select `t`.`a` AS `a` from (`t2` join `t`) where `t2`.`b` = `t`.`a`)select `r`.`a` AS `a` from `r`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
show create view v2;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v2	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v2` AS with t as (select `s`.`a` AS `a` from (select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1`) `s`), r as (select `t`.`a` AS `a` from (`t2` join `t`) where `t2`.`b` = `t`.`a`)select `t1`.`a` AS `a` from `t1`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v1;
a
2
select * from v2;
a
3
1
2
prepare stmt1 from "select * from v1";
execute stmt1;
a
2
execute stmt1;
a
2
prepare stmt2 from "select * from v2";
execute stmt2;
a
3
1
2
execute stmt2;
a
3
1
2
deallocate prepare stmt1;
deallocate prepare stmt2;
drop view v1,v2;
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-13796: UNION of two materialized CTEs
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (id int, k int);
CREATE TABLE t2 (id int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3,5), (1,7), (4,3);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (4), (3), (2);
WITH d1 AS (SELECT SUM(k) FROM t1, t2 as t2 WHERE t1.id = t2.id),
d2 AS (SELECT SUM(k) FROM t1, t2 as t2 WHERE t1.id = t2.id)
SELECT * FROM d1 UNION  SELECT * FROM d2;
SUM(k)
8
explain WITH d1 AS (SELECT SUM(k) FROM t1, t2 as t2 WHERE t1.id = t2.id),
d2 AS (SELECT SUM(k) FROM t1, t2 as t2 WHERE t1.id = t2.id)
SELECT * FROM d1 UNION  SELECT * FROM d2;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived2>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	9	
2	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	
2	DERIVED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
4	UNION	<derived3>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	9	
3	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	
3	DERIVED	t2	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	3	Using where; Using join buffer (flat, BNL join)
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
DROP TABLE t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-13780: tower of embedding CTEs with multiple usage of them
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (3), (2), (4), (7), (1), (2), (5);
with cte_e as
(
with cte_o as
(
with cte_i as (select * from t1 where a < 7)
select * from cte_i where a > 1
)
select * from cte_o as cto_o1 where a < 3
union
select * from cte_o as cto_o2 where a > 4
)
select * from cte_e as cte_e1 where a > 1
union
select * from cte_e as cte_e2;
a
2
5
explain extended with cte_e as
(
with cte_o as
(
with cte_i as (select * from t1 where a < 7)
select * from cte_i where a > 1
)
select * from cte_o as cto_o1 where a < 3
union
select * from cte_o as cto_o2 where a > 4
)
select * from cte_e as cte_e1 where a > 1
union
select * from cte_e as cte_e2;
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	filtered	Extra
1	PRIMARY	<derived4>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	14	100.00	Using where
4	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	Using where
5	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union4,5>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
6	UNION	<derived11>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	14	100.00	
11	DERIVED	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	Using where
12	UNION	t1	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	7	100.00	Using where
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union11,12>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
NULL	UNION RESULT	<union1,6>	ALL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	NULL	
Warnings:
Note	1003	with cte_e as (with cte_o as (with cte_i as (/* select#2 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` < 7)/* select#3 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` > 1)/* select#4 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` < 3 and `test`.`t1`.`a` > 1 and `test`.`t1`.`a` < 7 and `test`.`t1`.`a` > 1 union /* select#5 */ select `test`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `test`.`t1` where `test`.`t1`.`a` > 4 and `test`.`t1`.`a` > 1 and `test`.`t1`.`a` < 7 and `test`.`t1`.`a` > 1)/* select#1 */ select `cte_e1`.`a` AS `a` from `cte_e` `cte_e1` where `cte_e1`.`a` > 1 union /* select#6 */ select `cte_e2`.`a` AS `a` from `cte_e` `cte_e2`
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-13753: embedded CTE in a VIEW created in prepared statement
#
SET @sql_query = "
  CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW cte_test AS
   WITH  cte1  AS ( SELECT 1 as a from dual )
    ,    cte2  AS ( SELECT * FROM cte1 )
    SELECT * FROM cte2;
";
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql_query;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SHOW CREATE VIEW cte_test;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
cte_test	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `cte_test` AS with cte1 as (select 1 AS `a`), cte2 as (select `cte1`.`a` AS `a` from `cte1`)select `cte2`.`a` AS `a` from `cte2`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
SELECT * FROM cte_test;
a
1
DROP VIEW cte_test;
#
# mdev-14755 : PS for query using CTE in select with subquery
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values
(7), (2), (8), (1), (3), (2), (7), (5), (4), (7), (9), (8);
with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7 group by a)
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ))
union
(select a from t1 where a < 2);
a
1
4
5
7
prepare stmt from "with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7 group by a)
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ))
union
(select a from t1 where a < 2)";
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
deallocate prepare stmt;
with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7 group by a)
(select a from t1 where a < 2)
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ));
a
1
4
5
7
prepare stmt from "with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7 group by a)
(select a from t1 where a < 2)
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ))";
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
deallocate prepare stmt;
with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7)
(select a from t1 where a < 2)
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ));
a
1
4
5
7
prepare stmt from "with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7)
(select a from t1 where a < 2)
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ))";
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
execute stmt;
a
1
4
5
7
deallocate prepare stmt;
with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7)
(select a from cte
where exists( select a from t1 where t1.a < 2 and cte.a=t1.a ))
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ));
a
4
5
7
prepare stmt from "with cte as
(select a from t1 where a between 4 and 7)
(select a from cte
where exists( select a from t1 where t1.a < 2 and cte.a=t1.a ))
union
(select a from cte where exists( select a from t1 where cte.a=t1.a ))";
execute stmt;
a
4
5
7
execute stmt;
a
4
5
7
deallocate prepare stmt;
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-14852: CTE using temporary table in query
#             with two references to the CTE
#
create temporary table t1 (i int);
insert into t1 values (5),(4),(1),(2),(3);
with
c1 as (select i from t1),
c2 as (select i from c1 where c1.i=2)
select i from c1 where i > 3 union  select i from c2;
i
5
4
2
drop table t1;
create table t1 (term char(10));
create temporary table t2 (term char(10));
insert into t1 values ('TERM01'),('TERM02'),('TERM03');
insert into t2 values ('TERM02'),('TERM03'),('TERM04');
with c1 as (select * from t1), c2 as (select * from t2)
(select * from c1 left outer join c2 on c1.term = c2.term)
union all
(select * from c1 right outer join c2 on c1.term = c2.term
where c1.term is null);
term	term
TERM02	TERM02
TERM03	TERM03
TERM01	NULL
NULL	TERM04
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-14969: view using subquery with attached CTE
#
create table region (
r_regionkey int,
r_name char(25),
primary key (r_regionkey)
);
insert into region values
(0,'AFRICA'), (1,'AMERICA'), (2,'ASIA'), (3,'EUROPE'), (4,'MIDDLE EAST');
create table nation (
n_nationkey int,
n_name char(25),
n_regionkey int,
primary key (n_nationkey),
key i_n_regionkey (n_regionkey)
);
insert into nation values
(0,'ALGERIA',0), (1,'ARGENTINA',1), (2,'BRAZIL',1), (3,'CANADA',1),
(4,'EGYPT',4), (5,'ETHIOPIA',0), (6,'FRANCE',3), (7,'GERMANY',3),
(8,'INDIA',2), (9,'INDONESIA',2), (10,'IRAN',4), (11,'IRAQ',4),
(12,'JAPAN',2), (13,'JORDAN',4), (14,'KENYA',0), (15,'MOROCCO',0),
(16,'MOZAMBIQUE',0), (17,'PERU',1), (18,'CHINA',2), (19,'ROMANIA',3),
(20,'SAUDI ARABIA',4), (21,'VIETNAM',2), (22,'RUSSIA',3),
(23,'UNITED KINGDOM',3), (24,'UNITED STATES',1);
select * from nation n ,region r
where n.n_regionkey = r.r_regionkey and
r.r_regionkey in
(with t as (select * from region where r_regionkey <= 3 )
select r_regionkey from t where r_name <> "ASIA");
n_nationkey	n_name	n_regionkey	r_regionkey	r_name
0	ALGERIA	0	0	AFRICA
5	ETHIOPIA	0	0	AFRICA
14	KENYA	0	0	AFRICA
15	MOROCCO	0	0	AFRICA
16	MOZAMBIQUE	0	0	AFRICA
1	ARGENTINA	1	1	AMERICA
2	BRAZIL	1	1	AMERICA
3	CANADA	1	1	AMERICA
17	PERU	1	1	AMERICA
24	UNITED STATES	1	1	AMERICA
6	FRANCE	3	3	EUROPE
7	GERMANY	3	3	EUROPE
19	ROMANIA	3	3	EUROPE
22	RUSSIA	3	3	EUROPE
23	UNITED KINGDOM	3	3	EUROPE
create view v as
select * from nation n ,region r
where n.n_regionkey = r.r_regionkey and
r.r_regionkey in
(with t as (select * from region where r_regionkey <= 3)
select r_regionkey from t where r_name <> "ASIA");
show create view v;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `v` AS select `n`.`n_nationkey` AS `n_nationkey`,`n`.`n_name` AS `n_name`,`n`.`n_regionkey` AS `n_regionkey`,`r`.`r_regionkey` AS `r_regionkey`,`r`.`r_name` AS `r_name` from (`nation` `n` join `region` `r`) where `n`.`n_regionkey` = `r`.`r_regionkey` and `r`.`r_regionkey` in (with t as (select `region`.`r_regionkey` AS `r_regionkey`,`region`.`r_name` AS `r_name` from `region` where `region`.`r_regionkey` <= 3)select `t`.`r_regionkey` from `t` where `t`.`r_name` <> 'ASIA')	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from v;
n_nationkey	n_name	n_regionkey	r_regionkey	r_name
0	ALGERIA	0	0	AFRICA
5	ETHIOPIA	0	0	AFRICA
14	KENYA	0	0	AFRICA
15	MOROCCO	0	0	AFRICA
16	MOZAMBIQUE	0	0	AFRICA
1	ARGENTINA	1	1	AMERICA
2	BRAZIL	1	1	AMERICA
3	CANADA	1	1	AMERICA
17	PERU	1	1	AMERICA
24	UNITED STATES	1	1	AMERICA
6	FRANCE	3	3	EUROPE
7	GERMANY	3	3	EUROPE
19	ROMANIA	3	3	EUROPE
22	RUSSIA	3	3	EUROPE
23	UNITED KINGDOM	3	3	EUROPE
drop view v;
drop table region, nation;
#
# MDEV-15120: cte name used with database name
#
WITH cte AS (SELECT 1 AS a) SELECT test.cte.a FROM test.cte;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'test.cte' doesn't exist
CREATE DATABASE db1;
USE db1;
WITH cte AS (SELECT 1 AS a) SELECT db1.cte.a FROM db1.cte;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'db1.cte' doesn't exist
DROP DATABASE db1;
USE test;
#
# MDEV-15119: CTE c2 specified after CTE c1 and is used in
#             CTE c3 that is embedded into the spec of c1
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (i int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
WITH c1 AS (WITH c3 AS (SELECT * FROM c2) SELECT * FROM c3),
c2 AS (SELECT * FROM t1)
SELECT * FROM c1;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'test.c2' doesn't exist
WITH RECURSIVE c1 AS (WITH c3 AS (SELECT * FROM c2) SELECT * FROM c3),
c2 AS (SELECT * FROM t1)
SELECT * FROM c1;
i
1
2
3
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# MDEV-14297: Lost name of a explicitly named CTE column used in
#             the non-recursive CTE via prepared statement
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (i int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);
PREPARE stmt FROM "WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM cte";
EXECUTE stmt;
a
1
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
PREPARE stmt FROM "CREATE VIEW v1 AS WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM cte";
EXECUTE stmt;
SELECT * FROM v1;
a
1
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
PREPARE stmt FROM "CREATE VIEW v2 AS WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT * FROM t1) SELECT * FROM cte";
EXECUTE stmt;
SELECT * FROM v2;
a
1
2
3
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
DROP TABLE t1;
DROP VIEW v1,v2;
#
# MDEV-15478: Lost name of a explicitly named CTE column used in
#             the non-recursive CTE defined with UNION
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (x int, y int);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,2),(2,7),(3,3);
WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2) SELECT * FROM cte;
a
1
2
WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2) SELECT a FROM cte;
a
1
2
WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1) SELECT a FROM cte;
a
1
1
WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT x from t1 UNION SELECT 4) SELECT a FROM cte;
a
1
2
3
4
WITH cte(a) AS (SELECT 4 UNION SELECT x FROM t1 UNION SELECT 5)
SELECT a FROM cte;
a
4
1
2
3
5
WITH cte(a,b) AS (SELECT 4,5 UNION SELECT 4,3) SELECT a,b FROM cte;
a	b
4	5
4	3
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# MDEV-16353: unreferenced CTE specified by query with UNION
#
with cte as
(select 1 union select 2 union select 3)
select 1 as f;
f
1
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (2), (1), (7), (1), (4);
with cte as
(select * from t1 where a < 2 union select * from t1 where a > 5)
select 2 as f;
f
2
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-16473: query with CTE when no database is set
#
create database db_mdev_16473;
use db_mdev_16473;
drop database db_mdev_16473;
# Now no default database is set
select database();
database()
NULL
with cte as (select 1 as a) select * from cte;
a
1
create database db_mdev_16473;
create table db_mdev_16473.t1 (a int);
insert into db_mdev_16473.t1 values (2), (7), (3), (1);
with cte as (select * from db_mdev_16473.t1) select * from cte;
a
2
7
3
1
with cte as (select * from db_mdev_16473.t1)
select * from cte, t1 as t where cte.a=t.a;
ERROR 3D000: No database selected
with cte as (select * from db_mdev_16473.t1)
select * from cte, db_mdev_16473.t1 as t where cte.a=t.a;
a	a
2	2
7	7
3	3
1	1
drop database db_mdev_16473;
use test;
#
# MDEV-17154: using parameter markers for PS within CTEs more than once
#             using local variables in SP within CTEs more than once
#
prepare stmt from "
with cte(c) as (select ? ) select r.c, s.c+10  from cte as r, cte as s;
";
set @a=2;
execute stmt using @a;
c	s.c+10
2	12
set @a=5;
execute stmt using @a;
c	s.c+10
5	15
deallocate prepare stmt;
prepare stmt from "
with cte(c) as (select ? ) select c from cte union select c+10 from cte;
";
set @a=2;
execute stmt using @a;
c
2
12
set @a=5;
execute stmt using @a;
c
5
15
deallocate prepare stmt;
prepare stmt from "
with cte_e(a,b) as
(
  with cte_o(c) as (select ?)
  select r.c+10, s.c+20 from cte_o as r, cte_o as s
)
select * from cte_e as cte_e1 where a > 12
union all
select * from cte_e as cte_e2;
";
set @a=2;
execute stmt using @a;
a	b
12	22
set @a=5;
execute stmt using @a;
a	b
15	25
15	25
deallocate prepare stmt;
create table t1 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 values
(3,33), (1,17), (7,72), (4,45), (2,27), (3,35), (4,47), (3,38), (2,22);
prepare stmt from "
with cte as (select * from t1 where a < ? and b > ?)
  select r.a, r.b+10, s.a, s.b+20 from cte as r, cte as s where r.a=s.a+1;
";
set @a=4, @b=20;
execute stmt using @a,@b;
a	r.b+10	a	s.b+20
3	43	2	47
3	45	2	47
3	48	2	47
3	43	2	42
3	45	2	42
3	48	2	42
set @a=5, @b=20;
execute stmt using @a,@b;
a	r.b+10	a	s.b+20
4	55	3	53
4	57	3	53
3	43	2	47
3	45	2	47
3	48	2	47
4	55	3	55
4	57	3	55
4	55	3	58
4	57	3	58
3	43	2	42
3	45	2	42
3	48	2	42
deallocate prepare stmt;
create procedure p1()
begin
declare i int;
set i = 0;
while i < 4 do
insert into t1
with cte(a) as (select i) select r.a-1, s.a+1 from cte as r, cte as s;
set i = i+1;
end while;
end|
create procedure p2(in i int)
begin
insert into t1
with cte(a) as (select i) select r.a-1, s.a+1 from cte as r, cte as s;
end|
delete from t1;
call p1();
select * from t1;
a	b
-1	1
0	2
1	3
2	4
call p1();
select * from t1;
a	b
-1	1
0	2
1	3
2	4
-1	1
0	2
1	3
2	4
delete from t1;
call p2(3);
select * from t1;
a	b
2	4
call p2(7);
select * from t1;
a	b
2	4
6	8
drop procedure p1;
drop procedure p2;
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-17107: PS for CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW defined by SELECT with CTEs
#
create table t1(a int);
insert into t1 values (3), (1), (2);
create table t2 (b int);
insert into t2 values (2), (10);
prepare stmt from
"create or replace view v1 as
 with t as (select s.a from (select t1.a from t1) s),
      r as(select t.a from t2, t where t2.b=t.a)
 select a from r;";
execute stmt;
select * from v1;
a
2
drop view v1;
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-19112: CTE usage when information_schema is set as default db
#
with t as (select 1 as t ) select * from t;
t
1
use information_schema;
with t as (select 1 as t) select * from t;
t
1
with columns as (select 1 as t) select * from columns;
t
1
use test;
#
# MDEV-18460: Server crashed in strmake / tdc_create_key /
# THD::create_tmp_table_def_key
#
connect con1,localhost,root,,;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE test.t (a INT);
WITH cte AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM cte;
1
1
WITH t AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM t;
1
1
WITH cte AS (SELECT 1) SELECT * FROM t;
ERROR 3D000: No database selected
DROP TABLE test.t;
connection default;
disconnect con1;
#
# MDEV-22781: create view with CTE without default database
#
create database db;
use db;
drop database db;
create database db1;
create table db1.t1 (a int);
insert into db1.t1 values (3),(7),(1);
create view db1.v1 as with t as (select * from db1.t1) select * from t;
show create view db1.v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `db1`.`v1` AS with t as (select `db1`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `db1`.`t1`)select `t`.`a` AS `a` from `t`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from db1.v1;
a
3
7
1
drop view db1.v1;
prepare stmt from "
create view db1.v1 as with t as (select * from db1.t1) select * from t;
";
execute stmt;
deallocate prepare stmt;
show create view db1.v1;
View	Create View	character_set_client	collation_connection
v1	CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER VIEW `db1`.`v1` AS with t as (select `db1`.`t1`.`a` AS `a` from `db1`.`t1`)select `t`.`a` AS `a` from `t`	latin1	latin1_swedish_ci
select * from db1.v1;
a
3
7
1
drop view db1.v1;
drop table db1.t1;
drop database db1;
use test;
#
# MDEV-24597: CTE with union used multiple times in query
#
with cte(a) as
(select 1 as d union select 2 as d)
select a from cte as r1
union
select a from cte as r2;
a
1
2
create table t1 (a int, b int) engine=myisam;
insert into t1 values
(3,30), (7,70), (1,10), (7,71), (2,20), (7,72), (3,33), (4,44),
(5,50), (4,40), (3,33), (4,42), (4,43), (5,51);
with cte(c) as
(select a from t1 where b < 30 union select a from t1 where b > 40)
select * from cte as r1, cte as r2 where r1.c = r2.c;
c	c
1	1
2	2
7	7
4	4
5	5
with cte(a,c) as
(
select a, count(*) from t1 group by a having count(*) = 1
union
select a, count(*) from t1 group by a having count(*) = 3
)
select a, c from cte as r1 where a < 3
union
select a, c from cte as r2 where a > 4;
a	c
1	1
2	1
7	3
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-23886: Stored Function returning the result of a query
#             that uses CTE over a table twice
#
create table t1 (c1 int);
insert into t1 values (1),(2),(6);
create function f1() returns int return
( with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select sum(c1) from
(select * from cte1 union all select * from cte1) dt
);
select f1();
f1()
18
create function f2() returns int return
( with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select sum(s.c1) from cte1 as s, cte1 as t where s.c1=t.c1
);
select f2();
f2()
9
create function f3() returns int return
( with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select
case
when exists(select 1 from cte1 where c1 between 1 and 2) then 1
when exists(select 1 from cte1 where c1 between 5 and 6) then 2
else 0
end
);
select f3();
f3()
1
create view v1 as (select c1 from t1);
create function f4() returns int return
( select sum(c1) from
(select * from v1 union all select * from v1) dt
);
select f4();
f4()
18
create function f5() returns int return
( select sum(s.c1) from v1 as s, v1 as t where s.c1=t.c1
);
select f5();
f5()
9
create view v2(s) as
with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select sum(c1) from (select * from cte1 union all select * from cte1) dt;
create function f6() returns int return
(select s from v2);
select f6();
f6()
18
create function f7() returns int return
( select r.s from v2 as r, v2 as t where r.s=t.s
);
select f7();
f7()
18
select f5() + f6();
f5() + f6()
27
prepare stmt from "select f5() + f6();";
execute stmt;
f5() + f6()
27
execute stmt;
f5() + f6()
27
deallocate prepare stmt;
drop function f1;
drop function f2;
drop function f3;
drop function f4;
drop function f5;
drop function f6;
drop function f7;
drop view v1;
drop view v2;
create table t2 (a int, b int);
insert into t2
with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select * from cte1 as s, cte1 as t where s.c1=t.c1 and s.c1 > 5;
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
create procedure p1()
begin
insert into t2
with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select * from cte1 as s, cte1 as t where s.c1=t.c1 and s.c1 <= 2 and t.c1 >= 2;
end |
call p1();
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
drop procedure p1;
# checking CTE resolution for queries with hanging CTEs
with
cte1(a) as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(b) as (select * from cte1 where a >= 2),
cte3 as (select * from cte1,cte2 where cte1.a < cte2.b)
select * from cte3;
a	b
1	2
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
with
cte1(a) as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(b) as (select * from cte1 where a >= 2),
cte3 as (select * from cte1,cte2 where cte1.a < cte2.b)
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
with
cte1(a) as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(b) as (select * from cte1 where c1 >= 2),
cte3 as (select * from cte1,cte2 where cte1.a < cte2.b)
select * from t2;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 'c1' in 'WHERE'
with
cte1(a) as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(b) as (select * from cte1 where a >= 2),
cte3 as (select * from cte1,cte2 where cte1.a < cte2.c1)
select * from t2;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 'cte2.c1' in 'WHERE'
with
cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(a,b) as (select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=s2.c1)
select * from cte2;
a	b
1	1
2	2
with
cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(a,b) as (select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=s2.c1)
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
with
cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2),
cte2(a,b) as (select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=c1)
select * from t2;
ERROR 23000: Column 'c1' in WHERE is ambiguous
with cte3 as
( with cte2(a,b) as
( with cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2)
select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=s2.c1)
select r1.a,r2.b from cte2 as r1, cte2 as r2)
select * from cte3;
a	b
1	1
2	1
1	2
2	2
with cte3 as
( with cte2(a,b) as
( with cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2)
select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=s2.c1)
select r1.a,r2.b from cte2 as r1, cte2 as r2)
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
with cte3 as
( with cte2(a,b) as
( with cte1 as (select * from t1 where c1 <= 2)
select * from cte1 as s1, cte1 as s2 where s1.c1=s2.c1)
select r1.c1,r2.c1 from cte2 as r1, cte2 as r2)
select * from t2;
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 'r1.c1' in 'SELECT'
create procedure p1()
begin
insert into t2
with cte1 as (select c1 from t1)
select * from t1 as s, t1 as t where s.c1=t.c1 and s.c1 <= 2 and t.c1 >= 2;
end |
call p1();
select * from t2;
a	b
6	6
2	2
2	2
drop procedure p1;
create procedure p1()
begin
insert into t2
with cte1 as (select a from t1)
select * from t1 as s, t1 as t where s.c1=t.c1 and s.c1 <= 2 and t.c1 >= 2;
end |
call p1();
ERROR 42S22: Unknown column 'a' in 'SELECT'
drop procedure p1;
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-20411: SP containing only one SELECT with WITH clause
#
create procedure sp1 ()
with cte as (select 1 as a) select * from cte;
call sp1();
a
1
call sp1();
a
1
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (3), (7), (1), (7), (1), (1), (3), (1), (5);
create procedure sp2 ()
with cte as (select * from t1) select * from cte;
call sp2();
a
3
7
1
7
1
1
3
1
5
call sp2();
a
3
7
1
7
1
1
3
1
5
create procedure sp3 ()
with cte as (select * from t1 group by a) select * from cte;
call sp3();
a
1
3
5
7
call sp3();
a
1
3
5
7
drop procedure sp1;
drop procedure sp2;
drop procedure sp3;
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-26095: missing RECURSIVE for the recursive definition of CTE
#             embedded into another CTE definition
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (5), (7);
with cte_e as (
with recursive cte_r as (
select a from t1 union select a+1 as a from cte_r r where a < 10
) select * from cte_r
) select * from cte_e;
a
5
7
6
8
9
10
with cte_e as (
with cte_r as (
select a from t1 union select a+1 as a from cte_r r where a < 10
) select * from cte_r
) select * from cte_e;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'test.cte_r' doesn't exist
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-26025: query with two usage of a CTE executing via PS /SP
#
create table t1 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 value (1,3), (3,2), (1,3), (4,1);
prepare stmt from "with
cte1 as ( select a,b from t1 where a = 1 AND b = 3 ),
cte2 as ( select a,b from cte1 ),
cte3 as ( select a,b from cte2 )
select * from cte3, cte2";
execute stmt;
a	b	a	b
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
execute stmt;
a	b	a	b
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
deallocate prepare stmt;
create procedure sp() with
cte1 as ( select a,b from t1 where a = 1 AND b = 3 ),
cte2 as ( select a,b from cte1 ),
cte3 as ( select a,b from cte2 )
select * from cte3, cte2;
call sp();
a	b	a	b
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
call sp();
a	b	a	b
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
1	3	1	3
drop procedure sp;
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-26825: query with two usage of CTE that refers to another CTE
#             with stored function using a base table.
#
create table t1 (id int primary key);
insert into t1 values
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10);
create  function f(in_id int) returns integer
return (select id from t1 where t1.id = in_id);
with c1 as (select id from t1 where f(id)=id group by id),
c2 as (select id from c1 as pt group by id)
select id from c2 as s1 union select id from c2 as s2;
id
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
with c1 as (select id from t1 as r where f(id)=id group by id),
c2 as (select id from c1 as pt group by id)
select id from c2 as s1 union select id from c2 as s2;
id
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
create function g() returns int return (select count(*) from t1);
create  procedure sp1()
with c1 as (select id from t1 a where g() > 10),
c2 as (select id from c1)
select id from c2 as s1 union select id from c2 as s2;
call sp1();
id
call sp1();
id
drop procedure sp1;
drop function g;
drop function f;
drop table t1;
#
# MDEV-27086: union using CTEs in CREATE TABLE
#
create or replace temporary table tmp as
with cte1 as (select 1 as a), cte2 as (select 2 as a)
select * from cte1 union select * from cte2;
select * from tmp;
a
1
2
create table t1 as
with cte1 as (select 1 as a), cte2 as (select 2 as a)
select * from cte1 union select * from cte2;
select * from t1;
a
1
2
insert into t1 values (3);
create table t2 as
with cte1 as (select * from t1 where a <2), cte2 as (select * from t1 where a > 2)
select * from cte1 union select * from cte2;
select * from t2;
a
1
3
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-26470: CTE in WITH clause of subquery used in DELETE
#
create table t1 (a int);
insert into t1 values (3), (7), (1), (5);
create table t2 (b int);
insert into t2 values (4), (1), (3), (2);
delete from t1
where a in (with cte(a) as (select * from t2 where b <=2) select a from cte);
select * from t1;
a
3
7
5
insert into t1 values (1), (3);
delete t1 from t1, t2
where t1.a=t2.b or
t1.a in (with cte(a) as (select b+1 from t2) select * from cte);
select * from t1;
a
7
drop table t1,t2;
#
# MDEV-25766: Unused CTE lead to a crash in
# find_field_in_tables/find_order_in_list
#
create table t1 (f1 INTEGER);
create view v1 as
select
subq_0.c4 as c2,
subq_0.c4 as c4
from
(select
ref_0.f1 as c4
from
t1 as ref_0
where (select 1)
) as subq_0
order by c2, c4 desc;
WITH
unused_with AS (select
subq_0.c4 as c6
from
(select
11 as c4
from
v1 as ref_0
) as subq_0,
v1 as ref_2
)
select 1 ;
1
1
drop view v1;
drop table t1;
# End of 10.2 tests
#
# MDEV-21673: several references to CTE that uses
#             local variables / parameters of SP
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (col1 int);
CREATE TABLE t2 (col1 int, col2 date, col3 varchar(16), col4 int);
CREATE TABLE t3 (col1 int, col2 date);
CREATE TABLE t4 (col1 int, col2 date);
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3), (7), (9), (1);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES
(3,'2019-09-01','AAA',2), (7,'2019-10-01','AAA',4), (3,'2019-10-01','AAA',8),
(1,'2019-10-01','BBB',9), (1,'2019-10-01','AAA',4), (1,'2019-10-01','AAA',6);
INSERT INTO t3 VALUES
(4,'2018-10-01'), (6,'2018-10-01'), (4,'2017-10-01'), (7,'2017-10-01');
INSERT INTO t4 VALUES
(5,'2018-10-01'), (8,'2017-10-01'), (4,'2017-10-01');
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE SP1()
BEGIN
DECLARE p_date date;
DECLARE p_var2 varchar(16);
SET p_date='2019-10-01';
SET p_var2='AAA';
WITH cte_first(col) AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT col4
FROM t1, t2
WHERE t2.col1 = t1.col1 AND t2.col2 = p_date AND t2.col3 = p_var2
),
cte2 AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT col2
FROM t3
WHERE col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM cte_first )
),
cte3 AS (
SELECT distinct t4.col1
FROM cte2, t4
WHERE t4.col2 = cte2.col2 AND t4.col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM cte_first )
)
SELECT * FROM cte3;
END|
CREATE PROCEDURE SP2(IN d date)
BEGIN
DECLARE p_var2 varchar(16);
SET p_var2='AAA';
WITH cte_first(col) AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT col4
FROM t1, t2
WHERE t2.col1 = t1.col1 AND t2.col2 = d AND t2.col3 = p_var2
),
cte2 AS
(
SELECT DISTINCT col2
FROM t3
WHERE col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM cte_first )
),
cte3 AS (
SELECT distinct t4.col1
FROM cte2, t4
WHERE t4.col2 = cte2.col2 AND t4.col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM cte_first )
)
SELECT * FROM cte3;
END|
CREATE TABLE t AS
SELECT col4 AS col
FROM t1, t2
WHERE t2.col1 = t1.col1 AND t2.col2 ='2019-10-01' AND t2.col3 = 'AAA';
SELECT * FROM t;
col
4
8
4
6
CREATE TABLE tt AS
SELECT col2
FROM t3
WHERE col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM t );
SELECT * FROM tt;
col2
2018-10-01
2017-10-01
2018-10-01
SELECT t4.col1
FROM tt, t4
WHERE t4.col2 = tt.col2 AND t4.col1 IN ( SELECT col FROM t );
col1
4
8
DROP TABLE t,tt;
CALL SP1();
col1
8
4
CALL SP1();
col1
8
4
CALL SP2('2019-10-01');
col1
8
4
CALL SP2('2019-10-01');
col1
8
4
DROP PROCEDURE SP1;
DROP PROCEDURE SP2;
DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3,t4;
# End of 10.3 tests
#
# MDEV-20730: Syntax error on SELECT INTO @variable with CTE
#
with data as (select 1 as id)
select id into @myid from data;
set @save_sql_mode = @@sql_mode;
set sql_mode="oracle";
with data as (select 1 as id)
select id into @myid from data;
set sql_mode= @save_sql_mode;
#
# MDEV-31995 Bogus error executing PS for query using CTE with renaming of columns
#
create table t1 (a int, b int);
insert into t1 values (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(2,1),(2,2);
create table t2 (a int, b int);
insert into t2 values (3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(4,1),(4,2);
with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 group by col1)
select * from cte;
c1	c2
1	6
2	3
prepare st from "with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 group by col1)
select * from cte";
execute st;
c1	c2
1	6
2	3
execute st;
c1	c2
1	6
2	3
drop prepare st;
create procedure sp() with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 group by col1)
select * from cte;
call sp();
c1	c2
1	6
2	3
call sp();
c1	c2
1	6
2	3
drop procedure sp;
with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 order by col1)
select * from cte;
c1	c2
1	9
prepare st from "with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 order by col1)
select * from cte";
execute st;
c1	c2
1	9
execute st;
c1	c2
1	9
drop prepare st;
create procedure sp() with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 order by col1)
select * from cte;
call sp();
c1	c2
1	9
call sp();
c1	c2
1	9
drop procedure sp;
with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 where a > 1 group by col1
union select a as col3, sum(b) as col4 from t2 where b > 2 group by col3),
cte2 (c3, c4) as
(select a as col5, sum(b) as col6 from t1 where a <= 1 group by col5
union select a as col7, sum(b) as col8 from t2 where b <= 2 group by col7)
select * from cte where c1=1 union select * from cte2 where c3=3;
c1	c2
3	3
prepare st from "with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 where a > 1 group by col1
union select a as col3, sum(b) as col4 from t2 where b > 2 group by col3),
cte2 (c3, c4) as
(select a as col5, sum(b) as col6 from t1 where a <= 1 group by col5
union select a as col7, sum(b) as col8 from t2 where b <= 2 group by col7)
select * from cte where c1=1 union select * from cte2 where c3=3";
execute st;
c1	c2
3	3
execute st;
c1	c2
3	3
drop prepare st;
create procedure sp() with cte (c1,c2) as
(select a as col1, sum(b) as col2 from t1 where a > 1 group by col1
union select a as col3, sum(b) as col4 from t2 where b > 2 group by col3),
cte2 (c3, c4) as
(select a as col5, sum(b) as col6 from t1 where a <= 1 group by col5
union select a as col7, sum(b) as col8 from t2 where b <= 2 group by col7)
select * from cte where c1=1 union select * from cte2 where c3=3;
call sp();
c1	c2
3	3
call sp();
c1	c2
3	3
drop procedure sp;
with cte (c1,c2) as (select * from t1)
select cte.c1+1 as col1 , cte.c2 as col2 from cte where cte.c1  > 1
union
select cte.c1 as col3, cte.c2+1 as col4 from cte where cte.c1 < 0;
col1	col2
3	1
3	2
prepare st from "with cte (c1,c2) as (select * from t1)
select cte.c1+1 as col1 , cte.c2 as col2 from cte where cte.c1  > 1
union
select cte.c1 as col3, cte.c2+1 as col4 from cte where cte.c1 < 0";
execute st;
col1	col2
3	1
3	2
execute st;
col1	col2
3	1
3	2
save this to the end to test errors >drop prepare st;
create procedure sp() with cte (c1,c2) as (select * from t1)
select cte.c1+1 as col1 , cte.c2 as col2 from cte where cte.c1  > 1
union
select cte.c1 as col3, cte.c2+1 as col4 from cte where cte.c1 < 0;
call sp();
col1	col2
3	1
3	2
call sp();
col1	col2
3	1
3	2
drop procedure sp;
insert into t1 select * from t2;
with cte (c1, c2) 
as (select a, sum(b) from t1 where b > 1 group by a having sum(b) < 5)
select * from cte where c1 < 4 and c2 > 1;
c1	c2
2	2
# Check pushdown conditions in JSON output
explain format=json with cte (c1, c2) 
as (select a, sum(b) from t1 where b > 1 group by a having sum(b) < 5)
select * from cte where c1 < 4 and c2 > 1;
EXPLAIN
{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost": "REPLACED",
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "<derived2>",
          "access_type": "ALL",
          "loops": 1,
          "rows": 10,
          "cost": "REPLACED",
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cte.c1 < 4 and cte.c2 > 1",
          "materialized": {
            "query_block": {
              "select_id": 2,
              "cost": "REPLACED",
              "having_condition": "sum(t1.b) < 5 and c2 > 1",
              "filesort": {
                "sort_key": "t1.a",
                "temporary_table": {
                  "nested_loop": [
                    {
                      "table": {
                        "table_name": "t1",
                        "access_type": "ALL",
                        "loops": 1,
                        "rows": 10,
                        "cost": "REPLACED",
                        "filtered": 100,
                        "attached_condition": "t1.b > 1 and t1.a < 4"
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}
alter table t1 add column c int;
execute st;
ERROR HY000: WITH column list and SELECT field list have different column counts
drop prepare st;
drop table t1,t2;
Test out recursive CTEs
create table distances (src char(1), dest char(1), distance int);
create table city_population (city char(1), population int);
INSERT INTO `distances` VALUES ('A','A',0),('B','A',593),('C','A',800),
('D','A',221),('E','A',707),('F','A',869),('G','A',225),('H','A',519),
('A','B',919),('B','B',0),('C','B',440),('D','B',79),('E','B',79),
('F','B',154),('G','B',537),('H','B',220),('A','C',491),('B','C',794),
('C','C',0),('D','C',100),('E','C',350),('F','C',748),('G','C',712),
('H','C',315),('A','D',440),('B','D',256),('C','D',958),('D','D',0),
('E','D',255),('F','D',161),('G','D',63),('H','D',831),('A','E',968),
('B','E',345),('C','E',823),('D','E',81),('E','E',0),('F','E',436),
('G','E',373),('H','E',558),('A','F',670),('B','F',677),('C','F',375),
('D','F',843),('E','F',90),('F','F',0),('G','F',328),('H','F',881),
('A','G',422),('B','G',467),('C','G',67),('D','G',936),('E','G',480),
('F','G',592),('G','G',0),('H','G',819),('A','H',537),('B','H',229),
('C','H',534),('D','H',984),('E','H',319),('F','H',643),('G','H',257),
('H','H',0);
insert into city_population values ('A', 5000), ('B', 6000), ('C', 100000),
('D', 80000), ('E', 7000), ('F', 1000), ('G', 100), ('H', -80000);
#find the biggest city within 300 kellikams of 'E'
with recursive travel (src, path, dest, distance, population) as (
select city, cast('' as varchar(10)), city,
0, population
from city_population where city='E'
  union all
select src.src, concat(src.path, dst.dest), dst.dest,
src.distance + dst.distance, dstc.population
from travel src
join distances dst on src.dest != dst.dest
join city_population dstc on dst.dest = dstc.city
where dst.src = src.dest and src.distance + dst.distance < 300
and length(path) < 10
)
select * from travel where dest != 'E' order by population desc, distance
limit 1;
src	path	dest	distance	population
E	FD	D	251	80000
prepare st from "with recursive travel (src, path, dest, distance, population) as (
select city, cast('' as varchar(10)), city,
0, population
from city_population where city='E'
  union all
select src.src, concat(src.path, dst.dest), dst.dest,
src.distance + dst.distance, dstc.population
from travel src
join distances dst on src.dest != dst.dest
join city_population dstc on dst.dest = dstc.city
where dst.src = src.dest and src.distance + dst.distance < 300
and length(path) < 10
)
select * from travel where dest != 'E' order by population desc, distance
limit 1";
execute st;
src	path	dest	distance	population
E	FD	D	251	80000
execute st;
src	path	dest	distance	population
E	FD	D	251	80000
drop prepare st;
create procedure sp() with recursive travel (src, path, dest, distance, population) as (
select city, cast('' as varchar(10)), city,
0, population
from city_population where city='E'
  union all
select src.src, concat(src.path, dst.dest), dst.dest,
src.distance + dst.distance, dstc.population
from travel src
join distances dst on src.dest != dst.dest
join city_population dstc on dst.dest = dstc.city
where dst.src = src.dest and src.distance + dst.distance < 300
and length(path) < 10
)
select * from travel where dest != 'E' order by population desc, distance
limit 1;
call sp();
src	path	dest	distance	population
E	FD	D	251	80000
call sp();
src	path	dest	distance	population
E	FD	D	251	80000
drop procedure sp;
drop table distances, city_population;
#
# MDEV-28615: Multi-table UPDATE over derived table containing
#             row that uses subquery with hanging CTE
#
CREATE TABLE t1 (a int) ENGINE=MYISAM;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3), (7), (1);
UPDATE
(SELECT (5, (WITH cte AS (SELECT 1) SELECT a FROM t1))) dt
JOIN t1 t
ON t.a=dt.a
SET t.a = 1;
ERROR 21000: Operand should contain 1 column(s)
UPDATE
(SELECT a FROM t1
WHERE (5, (WITH cte AS (SELECT 1) SELECT a FROM t1 WHERE a > 4)) <=
(5,a)) dt
JOIN t1 t
ON t.a=dt.a
SET t.a = 1;
SELECT * FROM t1;
a
3
1
1
DROP TABLE t1;
#
# MDEV-31657: CTE with the same name as base table used twice
#             in another CTE
#
create table t (a int);
insert into t values (3), (7), (1);
with
t as (select * from t),
cte as (select t1.a as t1a, t2.a as t2a from t as t1, t as t2 where t1.a=t2.a)
select * from cte;
t1a	t2a
3	3
7	7
1	1
create table s (a int);
insert into s values (1), (4), (7);
with
t as (select * from t),
s as (select a-1 as a from s),
cte as (select t.a as ta, s.a as sa from t, s where t.a=s.a
union
select t.a+1, s.a+1 from t, s where t.a=s.a+1)
select * from cte;
ta	sa
3	3
2	1
8	7
with
t as (select * from t),
cte as (select t.a as ta, s.a as sa from t, s where t.a=s.a
union
select t.a+1, s.a+1 from t, s where t.a=s.a),
s as (select a+10 as a from s)
select * from cte;
ta	sa
1	1
7	7
2	2
8	8
drop table t,s;
with
t as (select * from t),
cte as (select t1.a as t1a, t2.a as t2a from t as t1, t as t2 where t1.a=t2.a)
select * from cte;
ERROR 42S02: Table 'test.t' doesn't exist
# End of 10.4 tests