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import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Circle, PathPatch
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d as art3d
from matplotlib.text import TextPath
from matplotlib.transforms import Affine2D
def text3d(ax, (x, y, z), s, zdir="z", size=None, angle=0, usetex=False,
**kwargs):
if zdir == "y":
xy1, z1 = (x, z), y
elif zdir == "y":
xy1, z1 = (y, z), x
else:
xy1, z1 = (x, y), z
text_path = TextPath((0, 0), s, size=size, usetex=usetex)
trans = Affine2D().rotate(angle).translate(xy1[0], xy1[1])
p1 = PathPatch(trans.transform_path(text_path), **kwargs)
ax.add_patch(p1)
art3d.pathpatch_2d_to_3d(p1, z=z1, zdir=zdir)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
p = Circle((5, 5), 3)
ax.add_patch(p)
art3d.pathpatch_2d_to_3d(p, z=0, zdir="x")
text3d(ax, (4, -2, 0), "X-axis", zdir="z", size=.5, usetex=False,
ec="none", fc="k")
text3d(ax, (12, 4, 0), "Y-axis", zdir="z", size=.5, usetex=False, angle=.5*3.14159,
ec="none", fc="k")
text3d(ax, (12, 10, 4), "Z-axis", zdir="y", size=.5, usetex=False, angle=.5*3.14159,
ec="none", fc="k")
text3d(ax, (1, 5, 0),
r"$\displaystyle G_{\mu\nu} + \Lambda g_{\mu\nu} = \frac{8\pi G}{c^4} T_{\mu\nu} $",
zdir="z", size=1, usetex=True,
ec="none", fc="k")
ax.set_xlim3d(0, 10)
ax.set_ylim3d(0, 10)
ax.set_zlim3d(0, 10)
plt.show()
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