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"""
==================
Animated histogram
==================
Use histogram's `.BarContainer` to draw a bunch of rectangles for an animated
histogram.
"""
import functools
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.animation as animation
# Setting up a random number generator with a fixed state for reproducibility.
rng = np.random.default_rng(seed=19680801)
# Fixing bin edges.
HIST_BINS = np.linspace(-4, 4, 100)
# Histogram our data with numpy.
data = rng.standard_normal(1000)
n, _ = np.histogram(data, HIST_BINS)
# %%
# To animate the histogram, we need an ``animate`` function, which generates
# a random set of numbers and updates the heights of rectangles. The ``animate``
# function updates the `.Rectangle` patches on an instance of `.BarContainer`.
def animate(frame_number, bar_container):
# Simulate new data coming in.
data = rng.standard_normal(1000)
n, _ = np.histogram(data, HIST_BINS)
for count, rect in zip(n, bar_container.patches):
rect.set_height(count)
return bar_container.patches
# %%
# Using :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.hist` allows us to get an instance of
# `.BarContainer`, which is a collection of `.Rectangle` instances. Since
# `.FuncAnimation` will only pass the frame number parameter to the animation
# function, we use `functools.partial` to fix the ``bar_container`` parameter.
# Output generated via `matplotlib.animation.Animation.to_jshtml`.
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
_, _, bar_container = ax.hist(data, HIST_BINS, lw=1,
ec="yellow", fc="green", alpha=0.5)
ax.set_ylim(top=55) # set safe limit to ensure that all data is visible.
anim = functools.partial(animate, bar_container=bar_container)
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, anim, 50, repeat=False, blit=True)
plt.show()
# %%
# .. tags:: plot-type: histogram, animation
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