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<h1 class="chapter"> 35. Runtime Environment </h1>
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC135">35.1 Introduction for Runtime Environment</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC136">35.2 Interrupts</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC137">35.3 Definitions for Runtime Environment</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
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<h2 class="section"> 35.1 Introduction for Runtime Environment </h2>
<p><code>maxima-init.mac</code> is a file which is loaded automatically when Maxima starts.
You can use <code>maxima-init.mac</code> to customize your Maxima environment.
<code>maxima-init.mac</code>, if it exists, is typically placed in the
directory named by <code>maxima_userdir</code>,
although it can be in any directory searched by the function <code>file_search</code>.
</p>
<p>Here is an example <code>maxima-init.mac</code> file:
</p>
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">setup_autoload ("specfun.mac", ultraspherical, assoc_legendre_p);
showtime:all;
</pre></td></tr></table>
<p>In this example, <code>setup_autoload</code> tells Maxima to load the
specified file
(<code>specfun.mac</code>) if any of the functions (<code>ultraspherical</code>,
<code>assoc_legendre_p</code>) are called but not yet defined.
Thus you needn't remember to load the file before calling the functions.
</p>
<p>The statement <code>showtime: all</code> tells Maxima to set the <code>showtime</code> variable.
The <code>maxima-init.mac</code> file can contain any other assignments or
other Maxima statements.
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<h2 class="section"> 35.2 Interrupts </h2>
<p>The user can stop a time-consuming computation with the
^C (control-C) character.
The default action is to stop the computation
and print another user prompt.
In this case, it is not possible to restart a stopped computation.
</p>
<p>If the variable <code>*debugger-hook*</code> is set to <code>nil</code>, by executing
</p>
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">:lisp (setq *debugger-hook* nil)
</pre></td></tr></table>
<p>then upon receiving ^C, Maxima will enter the Lisp debugger,
and the user may use the debugger to inspect the Lisp environment.
The stopped computation can be restarted by entering
<code>continue</code> in the Lisp debugger.
The means of returning to Maxima from the Lisp debugger
(other than running the computation to completion)
is different for each version of Lisp.
</p>
<p>On Unix systems, the character ^Z (control-Z) causes Maxima
to stop altogether, and control is returned to the shell prompt.
The <code>fg</code> command causes Maxima
to resume from the point at which it was stopped.
</p>
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<h2 class="section"> 35.3 Definitions for Runtime Environment </h2>
<dl>
<dt><u>Declaration:</u> <b>feature</b>
<a name="IDX1127"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Maxima understands two distinct types of features,
system features and features which apply to mathematical expressions.
See also <code>status</code> for information about system features.
See also <code>features</code> and <code>featurep</code> for information about mathematical features.
</p>
<p><code>feature</code> itself is not the name of a function or variable.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>featurep</b><i> (<var>a</var>, <var>f</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1128"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Attempts to determine whether the object <var>a</var> has the
feature <var>f</var> on the basis of the facts in the current database. If so,
it returns <code>true</code>, else <code>false</code>.
</p>
<p>Note that <code>featurep</code> returns <code>false</code> when neither <var>f</var>
nor the negation of <var>f</var> can be established.
</p>
<p><code>featurep</code> evaluates its argument.
</p>
<p>See also <code>declare</code> and <code>features</code>.
</p>
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">(%i1) declare (j, even)$
(%i2) featurep (j, integer);
(%o2) true
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>System variable:</u> <b>maxima_tempdir</b>
<a name="IDX1129"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p><code>maxima_tempdir</code> names the directory in which Maxima creates some temporary files.
In particular, temporary files for plotting are created in <code>maxima_tempdir</code>.
</p>
<p>The initial value of <code>maxima_tempdir</code> is the user's home directory,
if Maxima can locate it; otherwise Maxima makes a guess about a suitable directory.
</p>
<p><code>maxima_tempdir</code> may be assigned a string which names a directory.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>System variable:</u> <b>maxima_userdir</b>
<a name="IDX1130"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p><code>maxima_userdir</code> names a directory which Maxima searches to find Maxima and Lisp files.
(Maxima searches some other directories as well;
<code>file_search_maxima</code> and <code>file_search_lisp</code> are the complete lists.)
</p>
<p>The initial value of <code>maxima_userdir</code> is a subdirectory of the user's home directory,
if Maxima can locate it; otherwise Maxima makes a guess about a suitable directory.
</p>
<p><code>maxima_userdir</code> may be assigned a string which names a directory.
However, assigning to <code>maxima_userdir</code> does not automatically change
<code>file_search_maxima</code> and <code>file_search_lisp</code>;
those variables must be changed separately.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>room</b><i> ()</i>
<a name="IDX1131"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>room</b><i> (true)</i>
<a name="IDX1132"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>room</b><i> (false)</i>
<a name="IDX1133"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Prints out a description of the state of storage and
stack management in Maxima. <code>room</code> calls the Lisp function of
the same name.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<code>room ()</code> prints out a moderate description.
</li><li>
<code>room (true)</code> prints out a verbose description.
</li><li>
<code>room (false)</code> prints out a terse description.
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>status</b><i> (feature)</i>
<a name="IDX1134"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>status</b><i> (feature, <var>putative_feature</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1135"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>status</b><i> (status)</i>
<a name="IDX1136"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns information about the presence or absence of certain
system-dependent features.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<code>status (feature)</code> returns a list of system features.
These include Lisp version, operating system type, etc.
The list may vary from one Lisp type to another.
</li><li> <code>status (feature, <var>putative_feature</var>)</code> returns <code>true</code> if <var>putative_feature</var>
is on the list of items returned by <code>status (feature)</code> and <code>false</code> otherwise.
<code>status</code> quotes the argument <var>putative_feature</var>.
The quote-quote operator <code>''</code> defeats quotation.
A feature whose name contains a special character, such as a hyphen,
must be given as a string argument. For example,
<code>status (feature, "ansi-cl")</code>.
</li><li>
<code>status (status)</code> returns a two-element list <code>[feature, status]</code>.
<code>feature</code> and <code>status</code> are the two arguments accepted by the <code>status</code> function;
it is unclear if this list has additional significance.
</li></ul>
<p>The variable <code>features</code> contains a list of features which apply to
mathematical expressions. See <code>features</code> and <code>featurep</code> for more information.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>time</b><i> (%o1, %o2, %o3, ...)</i>
<a name="IDX1137"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns a list of the times, in seconds, taken to compute the output
lines <code>%o1</code>, <code>%o2</code>, <code>%o3</code>, .... The time returned is Maxima's estimate of
the internal computation time, not the elapsed time. <code>time</code> can only
be applied to output line variables; for any other variables, <code>time</code>
returns <code>unknown</code>.
</p>
<p>Set <code>showtime: true</code> to make Maxima print out the computation time
and elapsed time with each output line.
</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>timedate</b><i> ()</i>
<a name="IDX1138"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns a string representing the current time and date.
The string has the format <code>HH:MM:SS Day, mm/dd/yyyy (GMT-n)</code>,
where the fields are
hours, minutes, seconds, day of week, month, day of month, year, and hours different from GMT.
</p>
<p>The return value is a Lisp string.
</p>
<p>Example:
</p>
<table><tr><td> </td><td><pre class="example">(%i1) d: timedate ();
(%o1) 08:05:09 Wed, 11/02/2005 (GMT-7)
(%i2) print ("timedate reports current time", d)$
timedate reports current time 08:05:09 Wed, 11/02/2005 (GMT-7)
</pre></td></tr></table>
</dd></dl>
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