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<h1 class="chapter"> 35. Miscellaneous Options </h1>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC157">35.1 Introduction to Miscellaneous Options</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC158">35.2 Share</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><a href="#SEC159">35.3 Functions and Variables for Miscellaneous Options</a></td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
</td></tr>
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<p><a name="Item_003a-Introduction-to-Miscellaneous-Options"></a>
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<h2 class="section"> 35.1 Introduction to Miscellaneous Options </h2>
<p>In this section various options are discussed which have a global effect
on the operation of Maxima. Also various lists such as the list of all
user defined functions, are discussed.
</p>
<p><a name="Item_003a-Share"></a>
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<h2 class="section"> 35.2 Share </h2>
<p>The Maxima "share" directory contains programs and other files
of interest to Maxima users, but not part of the core implementation of Maxima.
These programs are typically loaded via <code>load</code> or <code>setup_autoload</code>.
</p>
<p><code>:lisp *maxima-sharedir*</code> displays the location of the share directory
within the user's file system.
</p>
<p><code>printfile ("share.usg")</code> prints an out-of-date list of share packages.
Users may find it more informative to browse the share directory using a file system browser.
</p>
<p><a name="Item_003a-Functions-and-Variables-for-Miscellaneous-Options"></a>
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<h2 class="section"> 35.3 Functions and Variables for Miscellaneous Options </h2>
<p><a name="Item_003a-aliases"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>System variable:</u> <b>aliases</b>
<a name="IDX1245"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Default value: <code>[]</code>
</p>
<p><code>aliases</code> is the list of atoms which have a user defined alias (set up by
the <code>alias</code>, <code>ordergreat</code>, <code>orderless</code> functions or by declaring the atom a
<code>noun</code> with <code>declare</code>).
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Global-variables">Global variables</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-alphabetic"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Declaration:</u> <b>alphabetic</b>
<a name="IDX1246"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p><code>alphabetic</code> is a declaration type recognized by <code>declare</code>.
The expression <code>declare(<var>s</var>, alphabetic)</code> tells Maxima to recognize
as alphabetic all of the characters in <var>s</var>, which must be a string.
</p>
<p>See also <a href="maxima_6.html#SEC24">Identifiers</a>.
</p>
<p>Example:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) xx\~yy\`\@ : 1729;
(%o1) 1729
(%i2) declare ("~`@", alphabetic);
(%o2) done
(%i3) xx~yy`@ + @yy`xx + `xx@@yy~;
(%o3) `xx@@yy~ + @yy`xx + 1729
(%i4) listofvars (%);
(%o4) [@yy`xx, `xx@@yy~]
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-args"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>args</b><i> (<var>expr</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1247"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns the list of arguments of <code>expr</code>,
which may be any kind of expression other than an atom.
Only the arguments of the top-level operator are extracted;
subexpressions of <code>expr</code> appear as elements or subexpressions of elements
of the list of arguments.
</p>
<p>The order of the items in the list may depend on the global flag <code>inflag</code>.
</p>
<p><code>args (<var>expr</var>)</code> is equivalent to <code>substpart ("[", <var>expr</var>, 0)</code>.
See also <code>substpart</code>, and <code>op</code>.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Expressions">Expressions</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-genindex"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Option variable:</u> <b>genindex</b>
<a name="IDX1248"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Default value: <code>i</code>
</p>
<p><code>genindex</code> is the alphabetic prefix used to generate the
next variable of summation when necessary.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Sums-and-products">Sums and products</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-gensumnum"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Option variable:</u> <b>gensumnum</b>
<a name="IDX1249"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Default value: 0
</p>
<p><code>gensumnum</code> is the numeric suffix used to generate the next variable
of summation. If it is set to <code>false</code> then the index will consist only
of <code>genindex</code> with no numeric suffix.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Sums-and-products">Sums and products</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-infolists"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>System variable:</u> <b>infolists</b>
<a name="IDX1250"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Default value: <code>[]</code>
</p>
<p><code>infolists</code> is a list of the names of all of the information
lists in Maxima. These are:
</p>
<dl compact="compact">
<dt> <code>labels</code></dt>
<dd><p>All bound <code>%i</code>, <code>%o</code>, and <code>%t</code> labels.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>values</code></dt>
<dd><p>All bound atoms which are user variables, not Maxima
options or switches, created by <code>:</code> or <code>::</code> or functional binding.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>functions</code></dt>
<dd><p>All user-defined functions, created by <code>:=</code> or <code>define</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>arrays</code></dt>
<dd><p>All declared and undeclared arrays, created by <code>:</code>, <code>::</code>, or <code>:=</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>macros</code></dt>
<dd><p>All user-defined macro functions.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>myoptions</code></dt>
<dd><p>All options ever reset by the user (whether or not they
are later reset to their default values).
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>rules</code></dt>
<dd><p>All user-defined pattern matching and simplification rules, created
by <code>tellsimp</code>, <code>tellsimpafter</code>, <code>defmatch</code>, or <code>defrule</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>aliases</code></dt>
<dd><p>All atoms which have a user-defined alias, created by the <code>alias</code>,
<code>ordergreat</code>, <code>orderless</code> functions or by declaring the atom as a <code>noun</code>
with <code>declare</code>.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>dependencies</code></dt>
<dd><p>All atoms which have functional dependencies, created by the
<code>depends</code> or <code>gradef</code> functions.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>gradefs</code></dt>
<dd><p>All functions which have user-defined derivatives, created by the
<code>gradef</code> function.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>props</code></dt>
<dd><p>All atoms which have any property other than those mentioned
above, such as properties established by <code>atvalue</code> or <code>matchdeclare</code>, etc.,
as well as properties established in the <code>declare</code> function.
</p></dd>
<dt> <code>let_rule_packages</code></dt>
<dd><p>All user-defined <code>let</code> rule packages
plus the special package <code>default_let_rule_package</code>.
(<code>default_let_rule_package</code> is the name of the rule package used when
one is not explicitly set by the user.)
</p></dd>
</dl>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Global-variables">Global variables</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-integerp"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>integerp</b><i> (<var>expr</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1251"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns <code>true</code> if <var>expr</var> is a literal numeric integer, otherwise <code>false</code>.
</p>
<p><code>integerp</code> returns <code>false</code> if its argument is a symbol,
even if the argument is declared integer.
</p>
<p>Examples:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) integerp (0);
(%o1) true
(%i2) integerp (1);
(%o2) true
(%i3) integerp (-17);
(%o3) true
(%i4) integerp (0.0);
(%o4) false
(%i5) integerp (1.0);
(%o5) false
(%i6) integerp (%pi);
(%o6) false
(%i7) integerp (n);
(%o7) false
(%i8) declare (n, integer);
(%o8) done
(%i9) integerp (n);
(%o9) false
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Predicate-functions">Predicate functions</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-m1pbranch"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Option variable:</u> <b>m1pbranch</b>
<a name="IDX1252"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Default value: <code>false</code>
</p>
<p><code>m1pbranch</code> is the principal branch for <code>-1</code> to a power.
Quantities such as <code>(-1)^(1/3)</code> (that is, an "odd" rational exponent) and
<code>(-1)^(1/4)</code> (that is, an "even" rational exponent) are handled as follows:
</p>
<pre class="example"> domain:real
(-1)^(1/3): -1
(-1)^(1/4): (-1)^(1/4)
domain:complex
m1pbranch:false m1pbranch:true
(-1)^(1/3) 1/2+%i*sqrt(3)/2
(-1)^(1/4) sqrt(2)/2+%i*sqrt(2)/2
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Expressions">Expressions</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Global-flags">Global flags</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-numberp"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>numberp</b><i> (<var>expr</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1253"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns <code>true</code> if <var>expr</var> is a literal integer, rational number,
floating point number, or bigfloat, otherwise <code>false</code>.
</p>
<p><code>numberp</code> returns <code>false</code> if its argument is a symbol,
even if the argument is a symbolic number such as <code>%pi</code> or <code>%i</code>,
or declared to be
<code>even</code>, <code>odd</code>, <code>integer</code>, <code>rational</code>, <code>irrational</code>,
<code>real</code>, <code>imaginary</code>, or <code>complex</code>.
</p>
<p>Examples:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) numberp (42);
(%o1) true
(%i2) numberp (-13/19);
(%o2) true
(%i3) numberp (3.14159);
(%o3) true
(%i4) numberp (-1729b-4);
(%o4) true
(%i5) map (numberp, [%e, %pi, %i, %phi, inf, minf]);
(%o5) [false, false, false, false, false, false]
(%i6) declare (a, even, b, odd, c, integer, d, rational,
e, irrational, f, real, g, imaginary, h, complex);
(%o6) done
(%i7) map (numberp, [a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h]);
(%o7) [false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false]
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Predicate-functions">Predicate functions</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-properties"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>properties</b><i> (<var>a</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1254"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns a list of the names of all the
properties associated with the atom <var>a</var>.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-props"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Special symbol:</u> <b>props</b>
<a name="IDX1255"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p><code>props</code> are atoms which have any property other than those explicitly
mentioned in <code>infolists</code>, such as specified by <code>atvalue</code>, <code>matchdeclare</code>, etc.,
as well as properties specified in the <code>declare</code> function.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Global-variables">Global variables</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-propvars"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>propvars</b><i> (<var>prop</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1256"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns a list of those atoms on the <code>props</code> list which
have the property indicated by <var>prop</var>. Thus <code>propvars (atvalue)</code>
returns a list of atoms which have atvalues.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-put"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>put</b><i> (<var>atom</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>indicator</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1257"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Assigns <var>value</var> to the property (specified by <var>indicator</var>) of <var>atom</var>.
<var>indicator</var> may be the name of any property, not just a system-defined property.
</p>
<p><code>put</code> evaluates its arguments.
<code>put</code> returns <var>value</var>.
</p>
<p>Examples:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) put (foo, (a+b)^5, expr);
5
(%o1) (b + a)
(%i2) put (foo, "Hello", str);
(%o2) Hello
(%i3) properties (foo);
(%o3) [[user properties, str, expr]]
(%i4) get (foo, expr);
5
(%o4) (b + a)
(%i5) get (foo, str);
(%o5) Hello
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-qput"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>qput</b><i> (<var>atom</var>, <var>value</var>, <var>indicator</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1258"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Assigns <var>value</var> to the property (specified by <var>indicator</var>) of <var>atom</var>.
This is the same as <code>put</code>,
except that the arguments are quoted.
</p>
<p>Example:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) foo: aa$
(%i2) bar: bb$
(%i3) baz: cc$
(%i4) put (foo, bar, baz);
(%o4) bb
(%i5) properties (aa);
(%o5) [[user properties, cc]]
(%i6) get (aa, cc);
(%o6) bb
(%i7) qput (foo, bar, baz);
(%o7) bar
(%i8) properties (foo);
(%o8) [value, [user properties, baz]]
(%i9) get ('foo, 'baz);
(%o9) bar
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-rem"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>rem</b><i> (<var>atom</var>, <var>indicator</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1259"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Removes the property indicated by <var>indicator</var> from <var>atom</var>.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-remove"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remove</b><i> (<var>a_1</var>, <var>p_1</var>, ..., <var>a_n</var>, <var>p_n</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1260"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remove</b><i> ([<var>a_1</var>, ..., <var>a_m</var>], [<var>p_1</var>, ..., <var>p_n</var>], ...)</i>
<a name="IDX1261"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remove</b><i> ("<var>a</var>", operator)</i>
<a name="IDX1262"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remove</b><i> (<var>a</var>, transfun)</i>
<a name="IDX1263"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remove</b><i> (all, <var>p</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1264"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Removes properties associated with atoms.
</p>
<p><code>remove (<var>a_1</var>, <var>p_1</var>, ..., <var>a_n</var>, <var>p_n</var>)</code>
removes property <code>p_k</code> from atom <code>a_k</code>.
</p>
<p><code>remove ([<var>a_1</var>, ..., <var>a_m</var>], [<var>p_1</var>, ..., <var>p_n</var>], ...)</code>
removes properties <code><var>p_1</var>, ..., <var>p_n</var></code>
from atoms <var>a_1</var>, ..., <var>a_m</var>.
There may be more than one pair of lists.
</p>
<p><code>remove (all, <var>p</var>)</code> removes the property <var>p</var> from all atoms which have it.
</p>
<p>The removed properties may be system-defined properties such as
<code>function</code>, <code>macro</code>, or <code>mode_declare</code>, or user-defined properties.
</p>
<p>A property may be <code>transfun</code> to remove
the translated Lisp version of a function.
After executing this, the Maxima version of the function is executed
rather than the translated version.
</p>
<p><code>remove ("<var>a</var>", operator)</code> or, equivalently, <code>remove ("<var>a</var>", op)</code>
removes from <var>a</var> the operator properties declared by
<code>prefix</code>, <code>infix</code>, <code>nary</code>, <code>postfix</code>, <code>matchfix</code>, or <code>nofix</code>.
Note that the name of the operator must be written as a quoted string.
</p>
<p><code>remove</code> always returns <code>done</code> whether or not an atom has a specified property.
This behavior is unlike the more specific remove functions
<code>remvalue</code>, <code>remarray</code>, <code>remfunction</code>, and <code>remrule</code>.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Declarations-and-inferences">Declarations and inferences</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-remvalue"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remvalue</b><i> (<var>name_1</var>, ..., <var>name_n</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1265"></a>
</dt>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>remvalue</b><i> (all)</i>
<a name="IDX1266"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Removes the values of user variables <var>name_1</var>, ..., <var>name_n</var>
(which can be subscripted) from the system.
</p>
<p><code>remvalue (all)</code> removes the values of all variables in <code>values</code>,
the list of all variables given names by the user
(as opposed to those which are automatically assigned by Maxima).
</p>
<p>See also <code>values</code>.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Evaluation">Evaluation</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-rncombine"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>rncombine</b><i> (<var>expr</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1267"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Transforms <var>expr</var> by combining all terms of <var>expr</var> that have
identical denominators or denominators that differ from each other by
numerical factors only. This is slightly different from the behavior
of <code>combine</code>, which collects terms that have identical denominators.
</p>
<p>Setting <code>pfeformat: true</code> and using <code>combine</code> yields results similar
to those that can be obtained with <code>rncombine</code>, but <code>rncombine</code> takes the
additional step of cross-multiplying numerical denominator factors.
This results in neater forms, and the possibility of recognizing some
cancellations.
</p>
<p><code>load(rncomb)</code> loads this function.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Expressions">Expressions</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-scalarp"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>scalarp</b><i> (<var>expr</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1268"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Returns <code>true</code> if <var>expr</var> is a number, constant, or variable
declared <code>scalar</code> with <code>declare</code>, or composed entirely of numbers, constants, and such
variables, but not containing matrices or lists.
</p>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Predicate-functions">Predicate functions</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Vectors">Vectors</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Matrices">Matrices</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-setup_005fautoload"></a>
</p><dl>
<dt><u>Function:</u> <b>setup_autoload</b><i> (<var>filename</var>, <var>function_1</var>, ..., <var>function_n</var>)</i>
<a name="IDX1269"></a>
</dt>
<dd><p>Specifies that
if any of <var>function_1</var>, ..., <var>function_n</var> are referenced and not yet defined,
<var>filename</var> is loaded via <code>load</code>.
<var>filename</var> usually contains definitions for the functions specified,
although that is not enforced.
</p>
<p><code>setup_autoload</code> does not work for array functions.
</p>
<p><code>setup_autoload</code> quotes its arguments.
</p>
<p>Example:
</p>
<pre class="example">(%i1) legendre_p (1, %pi);
(%o1) legendre_p(1, %pi)
(%i2) setup_autoload ("specfun.mac", legendre_p, ultraspherical);
(%o2) done
(%i3) ultraspherical (2, 1/2, %pi);
Warning - you are redefining the Macsyma function ultraspherical
Warning - you are redefining the Macsyma function legendre_p
2
3 (%pi - 1)
(%o3) ------------ + 3 (%pi - 1) + 1
2
(%i4) legendre_p (1, %pi);
(%o4) %pi
(%i5) legendre_q (1, %pi);
%pi + 1
%pi log(-------)
1 - %pi
(%o5) ---------------- - 1
2
</pre>
<div class=categorybox>
<p>Categories: <a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-Function-definition">Function definition</a>
·
<a href="maxima_95.html#Category_003a-File-input">File input</a>
</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<p><a name="Item_003a-Rules-and-Patterns"></a>
</p><hr size="6">
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