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<a name="Functions-and-Variables-for-bitwise"></a>
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Previous: <a href="maxima_toc.html#Top" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Top</a>, Up: <a href="maxima_toc.html#Top" accesskey="u" rel="up">Top</a> [<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="maxima_423.html#Function-and-Variable-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<a name="Functions-and-Variables-for-bitwise-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">43.1 Functions and Variables for bitwise</h3>
<a name="bit_005fnot"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005fnot"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005fnot"></a>Function: <strong>bit_not</strong> <em>(<var>int</var>)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>Inverts all bits of a signed integer. The result of this action reads
<code>-int - 1</code>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_not(i);
(%o2) bit_not(i)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_not(bit_not(i));
(%o3) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_not(3);
(%o4) - 4
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_not(100);
(%o5) - 101
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bit_not(-101);
(%o6) 100
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005fand"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005fand"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005fand"></a>Function: <strong>bit_and</strong> <em>(<var>int1</var>, ...)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>This function calculates a bitwise <code>and</code> of two or more signed integers.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_and(i,i);
(%o2) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_and(i,i,i);
(%o3) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_and(1,3);
(%o4) 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_and(-7,7);
(%o5) 1
</pre></div>
<p>If it is known if one of the parameters to <code>bit_and</code> is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd);
(%o2) done
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_and(1,e);
(%o3) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_and(1,o);
(%o4) 1
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005for"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005for"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005for"></a>Function: <strong>bit_or</strong> <em>(<var>int1</var>, ...)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>This function calculates a bitwise <code>or</code> of two or more signed integers.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_or(i,i);
(%o2) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_or(i,i,i);
(%o3) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_or(1,3);
(%o4) 3
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_or(-7,7);
(%o5) - 1
</pre></div>
<p>If it is known if one of the parameters to <code>bit_or</code> is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd);
(%o2) done
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_or(1,e);
(%o3) e + 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_or(1,o);
(%o4) o
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005fxor"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005fxor"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005fxor"></a>Function: <strong>bit_xor</strong> <em>(<var>int1</var>, ...)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>This function calculates a bitwise <code>or</code> of two or more signed integers.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_xor(i,i);
(%o2) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_xor(i,i,i);
(%o3) i
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_xor(1,3);
(%o4) 2
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_xor(-7,7);
(%o5) - 2
</pre></div>
<p>If it is known if one of the parameters to <code>bit_xor</code> is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd);
(%o2) done
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_xor(1,e);
(%o3) e + 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_xor(1,o);
(%o4) o - 1
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005flsh"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005flsh"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005flsh"></a>Function: <strong>bit_lsh</strong> <em>(<var>int</var>, <var>nBits</var>)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>This function shifts all bits of the signed integer <code>int</code> to the left by
<code>nBits</code> bits. The width of the integer is extended by <code>nBits</code> for
this process. The result of <code>bit_lsh</code> therefore is <code>int * 2</code>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_lsh(0,1);
(%o2) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_lsh(1,0);
(%o3) 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_lsh(1,1);
(%o4) 2
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_lsh(1,i);
(%o5) bit_lsh(1, i)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bit_lsh(-3,1);
(%o6) - 6
</pre><pre class="example">(%i7) bit_lsh(-2,1);
(%o7) - 4
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005frsh"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005frsh"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005frsh"></a>Function: <strong>bit_rsh</strong> <em>(<var>int</var>, <var>nBits</var>)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>This function shifts all bits of the signed integer <code>int</code> to the right by
<code>nBits</code> bits. The width of the integer is reduced by <code>nBits</code> for
this process.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_rsh(0,1);
(%o2) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_rsh(2,0);
(%o3) 2
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_rsh(2,1);
(%o4) 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_rsh(2,2);
(%o5) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bit_rsh(-3,1);
(%o6) - 2
</pre><pre class="example">(%i7) bit_rsh(-2,1);
(%o7) - 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i8) bit_rsh(-2,2);
(%o8) - 1
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005flength"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005flength"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005flength"></a>Function: <strong>bit_length</strong> <em>(<var>int</var>)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>determines how many bits a variable needs to be long in order to store the
number <code>int</code>. This function only operates on positive numbers.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_length(0);
(%o2) 0
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_length(1);
(%o3) 1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_length(7);
(%o4) 3
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_length(8);
(%o5) 4
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<a name="bit_005fonep"></a><a name="Item_003a-bitwise_002fdeffn_002fbit_005fonep"></a><dl>
<dt><a name="index-bit_005fonep"></a>Function: <strong>bit_onep</strong> <em>(<var>int</var>, <var>nBit</var>)</em></dt>
<dd>
<p>determines if bits <code>nBit</code> is set in the signed integer <code>int</code>.
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_onep(85,0);
(%o2) true
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_onep(85,1);
(%o3) false
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_onep(85,2);
(%o4) true
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_onep(85,3);
(%o5) false
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bit_onep(85,100);
(%o6) false
</pre><pre class="example">(%i7) bit_onep(i,100);
(%o7) bit_onep(i, 100)
</pre></div>
<p>For signed numbers the sign bit is interpreted to be more than <code>nBit</code> to the
left of the leftmost bit of <code>int</code> that reads <code>1</code>.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) bit_onep(-2,0);
(%o2) false
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_onep(-2,1);
(%o3) true
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_onep(-2,2);
(%o4) true
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) bit_onep(-2,3);
(%o5) true
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bit_onep(-2,4);
(%o6) true
</pre></div>
<p>If it is known if the number to be tested is even this information
is taken into consideration by the function.
</p><div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) load("bitwise")$
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) declare(e,even,o,odd);
(%o2) done
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) bit_onep(e,0);
(%o3) false
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) bit_onep(o,0);
(%o4) true
</pre></div>
<div class=categorybox>
Categories:<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Number-theory">Number theory</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Binary-operations">Binary operations</a>
·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Package-bitwise">Package bitwise</a>
·</div></dd></dl>
<hr>
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