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<p>
Next: <a href="maxima_31.html#Identifiers" accesskey="n" rel="next">Identifiers</a>, Previous: <a href="maxima_29.html#Introduction-to-Expressions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Introduction to Expressions</a>, Up: <a href="maxima_28.html#Expressions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Expressions</a> [<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="maxima_423.html#Function-and-Variable-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="Nouns-and-Verbs-1"></a>
<h3 class="section">6.2 Nouns and Verbs</h3>
<p>Maxima distinguishes between operators which are "nouns" and operators which are
"verbs". A verb is an operator which can be executed. A noun is an operator
which appears as a symbol in an expression, without being executed. By default,
function names are verbs. A verb can be changed into a noun by quoting the
function name or applying the <code><a href="maxima_33.html#nounify">nounify</a></code> function. A noun can be changed
into a verb by applying the <code><a href="maxima_33.html#verbify">verbify</a></code> function. The evaluation flag
<code><a href="maxima_43.html#nouns">nouns</a></code> causes <code><a href="maxima_43.html#ev">ev</a></code> to evaluate nouns in an expression.
</p>
<p>The verb form is distinguished by a leading dollar sign <code>$</code> on the
corresponding Lisp symbol. In contrast, the noun form is distinguished by a
leading percent sign <code>%</code> on the corresponding Lisp symbol. Some nouns have
special display properties, such as <code>'integrate</code> and <code>'derivative</code>
(returned by <code><a href="maxima_101.html#diff">diff</a></code>), but most do not. By default, the noun and verb forms
of a function are identical when displayed. The global flag <code><a href="maxima_33.html#noundisp">noundisp</a></code><!-- /@w -->
causes Maxima to display nouns with a leading quote mark <code>'</code>.
</p>
<p>See also <code><a href="maxima_33.html#noun">noun</a></code>, <code><a href="maxima_43.html#nouns">nouns</a></code>, <code><a href="maxima_33.html#nounify">nounify</a></code>, and
<code><a href="maxima_33.html#verbify">verbify</a></code>.
</p>
<p>Examples:
</p>
<div class="example">
<pre class="example">(%i1) foo (x) := x^2;
2
(%o1) foo(x) := x
</pre><pre class="example">(%i2) foo (42);
(%o2) 1764
</pre><pre class="example">(%i3) 'foo (42);
(%o3) foo(42)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i4) 'foo (42), nouns;
(%o4) 1764
</pre><pre class="example">(%i5) declare (bar, noun);
(%o5) done
</pre><pre class="example">(%i6) bar (x) := x/17;
x
(%o6) bar(x) := --
17
</pre><pre class="example">(%i7) bar (52);
(%o7) bar(52)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i8) bar (52), nouns;
(%o8) bar(52)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i9) integrate (1/x, x, 1, 42);
(%o9) log(42)
</pre><pre class="example">(%i10) 'integrate (1/x, x, 1, 42);
42
/
[ 1
(%o10) I - dx
] x
/
1
</pre><pre class="example">(%i11) ev (%, nouns);
(%o11) log(42)
</pre></div>
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·<a href="maxima_424.html#Category_003a-Nouns-and-verbs">Nouns and verbs</a>
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Next: <a href="maxima_31.html#Identifiers" accesskey="n" rel="next">Identifiers</a>, Previous: <a href="maxima_29.html#Introduction-to-Expressions" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Introduction to Expressions</a>, Up: <a href="maxima_28.html#Expressions" accesskey="u" rel="up">Expressions</a> [<a href="maxima_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="maxima_423.html#Function-and-Variable-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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