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<div class="document" id="file-name-patterns">
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<h1 class="title">File Name Patterns</h1>
<p id="patterns">Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more files
at a time.</p>
<p>By default, Mercurial treats filenames verbatim without pattern
matching, relative to the current working directory. Note that your
system shell might perform pattern matching of its own before passing
filenames into Mercurial.</p>
<p>Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">Patterns specified in <tt class="docutils literal">.hgignore</tt> are not rooted.
Please see <a class="reference external" href="topic-hgignore.html"><tt class="docutils literal">hg help hgignore</tt></a> for details.</p>
</div>
<p>To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start it with
<tt class="docutils literal">path:</tt>. These path names must completely match starting at the
current repository root, and when the path points to a directory, it is matched
recursively. To match all files in a directory non-recursively (not including
any files in subdirectories), <tt class="docutils literal">rootfilesin:</tt> can be used, specifying an
absolute path (relative to the repository root). To match a single file exactly,
relative to the repository root, you can use <tt class="docutils literal">filepath:</tt>.</p>
<p>To use an extended glob, start a name with <tt class="docutils literal">glob:</tt>. Globs are rooted
at the current directory; a glob such as <tt class="docutils literal">*.c</tt> will only match files
in the current directory ending with <tt class="docutils literal">.c</tt>. <tt class="docutils literal">rootglob:</tt> can be used
instead of <tt class="docutils literal">glob:</tt> for a glob that is rooted at the root of the
repository.</p>
<p>The supported glob syntax extensions are <tt class="docutils literal">**</tt> to match any string
across path separators and <tt class="docutils literal">{a,b}</tt> to mean "a or b".</p>
<p>To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with <tt class="docutils literal">re:</tt>.
Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository.</p>
<p>To read name patterns from a file, use <tt class="docutils literal">listfile:</tt> or <tt class="docutils literal">listfile0:</tt>.
The latter expects null delimited patterns while the former expects line
feeds. Each string read from the file is itself treated as a file
pattern.</p>
<p>To read a set of patterns from a file, use <tt class="docutils literal">include:</tt> or <tt class="docutils literal">subinclude:</tt>.
<tt class="docutils literal">include:</tt> will use all the patterns from the given file and treat them as if
they had been passed in manually. <tt class="docutils literal">subinclude:</tt> will only apply the patterns
against files that are under the subinclude file's directory. See <a class="reference external" href="topic-hgignore.html"><tt class="docutils literal">hg help
hgignore</tt></a> for details on the format of these files.</p>
<p>All patterns, except for <tt class="docutils literal">glob:</tt> specified in command line (not for
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-I</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-X</span></tt> options), can match also against directories: files
under matched directories are treated as matched.
For <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-I</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-X</span></tt> options, <tt class="docutils literal">glob:</tt> will match directories recursively.</p>
<p>Plain examples:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root
of the repository
path:some/path a file or directory named "some/path"
filepath:some/path/to/a/file exactly a single file named
"some/path/to/a/file", relative to the root
of the repository
rootfilesin:foo/bar the files in a directory called foo/bar, but
not any files in its subdirectories and not
a file bar in directory foo
</pre>
<p>Glob examples:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of the
current directory including itself.
foo/* any file in directory foo
foo/** any file in directory foo plus all its subdirectories,
recursively
foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo
foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of foo
including itself.
rootglob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the root of the repository
</pre>
<p>Regexp examples:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repository
</pre>
<p>File examples:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
listfile:list.txt read list from list.txt with one file pattern per line
listfile0:list.txt read list from list.txt with null byte delimiters
</pre>
<p>See also <a class="reference external" href="topic-filesets.html"><tt class="docutils literal">hg help filesets</tt></a>.</p>
<p>Include examples:</p>
<pre class="literal-block">
include:path/to/mypatternfile reads patterns to be applied to all paths
subinclude:path/to/subignorefile reads patterns specifically for paths in the
subdirectory
</pre>
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