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<h3 class="section">6.1 Viewing Your Mail</h3>
<p><a name="index-mh_002dheader_002ddisplay-476"></a><a name="index-mh_002dpage_002dmsg-477"></a><a name="index-mh_002dprevious_002dpage-478"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow-479"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dmouse-480"></a><a name="index-g_t_002c-_0028comma_0029-481"></a><a name="index-g_t_002e-_0028period_0029-482"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040key_007bBS_007d-483"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040key_007bRET_007d-484"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040key_007bSPC_007d-485"></a><a name="index-Mouse_002d2-486"></a>
The command <RET> (<code>mh-show</code>) displays the message that the
cursor is on while <kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> (<code>mh-show-mouse</code>) displays the
message that the mouse cursor is on. If the message is already
displayed, it scrolls to the beginning of the message. Use <SPC>
(<code>mh-page-msg</code>) and <BS> (<code>mh-previous-page</code>) to move
forwards and backwards one page at a time through the message. You can
give either of these commands a prefix argument that specifies the
number of lines to scroll (such as <kbd>10 <SPC></kbd>). The <SPC>
command will also show the next undeleted message if it is used at the
bottom of a message. MH-E normally hides a lot of the superfluous
header fields that mailers add to a message, but if you wish to see
all of them, use the command <kbd>,</kbd> (comma;
<code>mh-header-display</code>).
<p><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dmaximum_002dsize-487"></a>
The option <code>mh-show-maximum-size</code> provides an opportunity to skip
over large messages which may be slow to load. The default value of 0
means that all message are shown regardless of size.
<p>A litany of options control what displayed messages look like.
<p><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dcc-488"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002ddate-489"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dfrom-490"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dheader-491"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dsubject-492"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dto-493"></a>
First, the appearance of the header fields can be modified by
customizing the associated face: <code>mh-show-to</code>, <code>mh-show-cc</code>,
<code>mh-show-from</code>, <code>mh-show-date</code>, and <code>mh-show-subject</code>.
The face <code>mh-show-header</code> is used to deemphasize the other, less
interesting, header fields.
<p><a name="index-regular-expressions_002c-_0040code_007bmh_002dinvisible_002dheader_002dfields_007d-494"></a><a name="index-mh_002dclean_002dmessage_002dheader_002dflag-495"></a><a name="index-mh_002dinvisible_002dheader_002dfields-496"></a><a name="index-mh_002dinvisible_002dheader_002dfields_002ddefault-497"></a>
Normally messages are delivered with a handful of uninteresting header
fields. These are hidden by turning on the option
<code>mh-clean-message-header-flag</code> (which it is by default). The
header fields listed in the option
<code>mh-invisible-header-fields-default</code> are hidden, although you can
check off any field that you would like to see. Header fields that you
would like to hide that aren't listed can be added to the option
<code>mh-invisible-header-fields</code> with a couple of caveats. Regular
expressions are not allowed. Unique fields should have a `<samp><span class="samp">:</span></samp>'
suffix; otherwise, the element can be used to render invisible an
entire class of fields that start with the same prefix. If you think a
header field should be generally ignored, report a bug (see <a href="Bug-Reports.html#Bug-Reports">Bug Reports</a>).
<p><a name="index-header-field_002c-_0040samp_007bFace_003a_007d-498"></a><a name="index-header-field_002c-_0040samp_007bX_002dFace_003a_007d-499"></a><a name="index-header-field_002c-_0040samp_007bX_002dImage_002dURL_003a_007d-500"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007bFace_003a_007d-header-field-501"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007bX_002dFace_003a_007d-header-field-502"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007bX_002dImage_002dURL_003a_007d-header-field-503"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002duse_002dxface_002dflag-504"></a>
MH-E can display the content of `<samp><span class="samp">Face:</span></samp>', `<samp><span class="samp">X-Face:</span></samp>', and
`<samp><span class="samp">X-Image-URL:</span></samp>' header fields. If any of these fields occur in the
header of your message, the sender's face will appear in the
`<samp><span class="samp">From:</span></samp>' header field. If more than one of these fields appear,
then the first field found in the order `<samp><span class="samp">Face:</span></samp>', `<samp><span class="samp">X-Face:</span></samp>',
and `<samp><span class="samp">X-Image-URL:</span></samp>' will be used. The option
<code>mh-show-use-xface-flag</code> is used to turn this feature on and off.
This feature will be turned on by default if your system supports it.
<p>The first header field used, if present, is the Gnus-specific
`<samp><span class="samp">Face:</span></samp>' field<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-1" name="fnd-1"><sup>1</sup></a>.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040command_007buncompface_007d-505"></a><a name="index-Emacs_002c-packages_002c-x_002dface-506"></a><a name="index-Unix-commands_002c-_0040command_007buncompface_007d-507"></a><a name="index-x_002dface-package-508"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dxface-509"></a>
Next is the traditional `<samp><span class="samp">X-Face:</span></samp>' header field<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-2" name="fnd-2"><sup>2</sup></a>. MH-E
renders the foreground and background of the image using the
associated attributes of the face <code>mh-show-xface</code>.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040command_007bconvert_007d-510"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040command_007bwget_007d-511"></a><a name="index-ImageMagick-512"></a><a name="index-Unix-commands_002c-_0040command_007bconvert_007d-513"></a><a name="index-Unix-commands_002c-_0040command_007bwget_007d-514"></a><a name="index-mh_002dfetch_002dx_002dimage_002durl-515"></a>
Finally, MH-E will display images referenced by the
`<samp><span class="samp">X-Image-URL:</span></samp>' header field if neither the `<samp><span class="samp">Face:</span></samp>' nor the
`<samp><span class="samp">X-Face:</span></samp>' fields are present<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-3" name="fnd-3"><sup>3</sup></a>. Of the three header fields this is the most efficient in
terms of network usage since the image doesn't need to be transmitted
with every single mail. The option <code>mh-fetch-x-image-url</code>
controls the fetching of the `<samp><span class="samp">X-Image-URL:</span></samp>' header field image
with the following values:
<dl>
<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">Ask Before Fetching</span></samp>'<dd>You are prompted before the image is fetched. MH-E will remember your
reply and will either use the already fetched image the next time the
same URL is encountered or silently skip it if you didn't fetch it the
first time. This is a good setting.
<!-- -->
<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">Never Fetch</span></samp>'<dd>Images are never fetched and only displayed if they are already
present in the cache. This is the default.
</dl>
<p>There isn't a value of `<samp><span class="samp">Always Fetch</span></samp>' for privacy and DOS (denial
of service) reasons. For example, fetching a URL can tip off a spammer
that you've read his email (which is why you shouldn't blindly answer
yes if you've set this option to `<samp><span class="samp">Ask Before Fetching</span></samp>'). Someone
may also flood your network and fill your disk drive by sending a
torrent of messages, each specifying a unique URL to a very large
file.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040file_007b_002emhe_002dx_002dimage_002dcache_007d-516"></a><a name="index-files_002c-_0040file_007b_002emhe_002dx_002dimage_002dcache_007d-517"></a>
The cache of images is found in the directory
<samp><span class="file">.mhe-x-image-cache</span></samp> within your MH directory. You can add your
own face to the `<samp><span class="samp">From:</span></samp>' field too. See <a href="Picture.html#Picture">Picture</a>.
<p><a name="index-g_t_0040command_007bmhl_007d-518"></a><a name="index-MH-commands_002c-_0040command_007bmhl_007d-519"></a><a name="index-mh_002dmhl_002dformat_002dfile-520"></a>
Normally MH-E takes care of displaying messages itself (rather than
calling an MH program to do the work). If you'd rather have
<samp><span class="command">mhl</span></samp> display the message (within MH-E), change the option
<code>mh-mhl-format-file</code> from its default value of `<samp><span class="samp">Use Default
mhl Format (Printing Only)</span></samp>'. You can set this option to `<samp><span class="samp">Use
Default mhl Format</span></samp>' to get the same output as you would get if you ran
<samp><span class="command">mhl</span></samp> from the shell. If you have a format file that you want
MH-E to use, you can set this option to `<samp><span class="samp">Specify an mhl Format
File</span></samp>' and enter the name of your format file (<samp><span class="command">mhl</span></samp>(1) or
section <a href="http://rand-mh.sourceforge.net/book/mh/shomes.html#Usisho">Using mhl</a> in
the MH book tells you how to write one). Your format file should
specify a non-zero value for `<samp><span class="samp">overflowoffset</span></samp>' to allow MH-E to
parse the header. Note that <samp><span class="command">mhl</span></samp> is always used for printing
and forwarding; in this case, the value of <code>mh-mhl-format-file</code>
is consulted if you have specified a format file.
<p><a name="index-citations_002c-highlighting-521"></a><a name="index-highlighting-citations-522"></a><a name="index-mh_002dhighlight_002dcitation_002dstyle-523"></a>
If the sender of the message has cited other messages in his message,
then MH-E will highlight these citations to emphasize the sender's
actual response. The option <code>mh-highlight-citation-style</code> can be
customized to change the highlighting style. The `<samp><span class="samp">Multicolor</span></samp>'
method uses a different color for each indentation while the
`<samp><span class="samp">Monotone</span></samp>' method highlights all citations in red. To disable
highlighting of citations entirely, choose `<samp><span class="samp">None</span></samp>'.
<p><a name="index-URLs_002c-highlighting-524"></a><a name="index-email-addresses_002c-highlighting-525"></a><a name="index-highlighting-URLs-526"></a><a name="index-highlighting-email-addresses-527"></a><a name="index-links_002c-following-528"></a><a name="index-goto_002daddress_002dat_002dpoint-529"></a><a name="index-C_002dc-_0040key_007bRET_007d-530"></a><a name="index-Mouse_002d2-531"></a><a name="index-goto_002daddress_002dhighlight_002dp-532"></a>
Email addresses and URLs in the message are highlighted if the option
<code>goto-address-highlight-p</code> is on, which it is by default. To view
the web page for a highlighted URL or to send a message using a
highlighted email address, use <kbd>Mouse-2</kbd> or <kbd>C-c <RET></kbd>
(<code>goto-address-at-point</code>). See <a href="Sending-Mail.html#Sending-Mail">Sending Mail</a>, to see how to
configure Emacs to send the message using MH-E.
<p><a name="index-boldface_002c-showing-533"></a><a name="index-emphasis-534"></a><a name="index-italics_002c-showing-535"></a><a name="index-smileys-536"></a><a name="index-typesetting-537"></a><a name="index-underline_002c-showing-538"></a><a name="index-gnus_002demphasis_002dalist-539"></a><a name="index-mh_002ddecode_002dmime_002dflag-540"></a><a name="index-mh_002dgraphical_002demphasis_002dflag-541"></a><a name="index-mh_002dgraphical_002dsmileys_002dflag-542"></a>
It is a long standing custom to inject body language using a
cornucopia of punctuation, also known as the <dfn>smileys</dfn>. MH-E can
render these as graphical widgets if the option
<code>mh-graphical-smileys-flag</code> is turned on, which it is by default.
Smileys include patterns such as :-) and ;-). Similarly, a few
typesetting features are indicated in ASCII text with certain
characters. If your terminal supports it, MH-E can render these
typesetting directives naturally if the option
<code>mh-graphical-emphasis-flag</code> is turned on, which it is by
default. For example, _underline_ will be
<u>underlined</u>,*bold* will appear in <b>bold</b>, /italics/ will appear in <i>italics</i>,
and so on. See the option <code>gnus-emphasis-alist</code> for the whole
list. Both of these options are disabled if the option
<code>mh-decode-mime-flag</code> is turned off. See <a href="Viewing-Attachments.html#Viewing-Attachments">Viewing Attachments</a>.
<p><a name="index-signature-separator-543"></a><a name="index-vCard-544"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dsignature-545"></a>
MH-E normally renders signatures and vCards in italics so that the
body of the message stands out more. MH-E depends on the presence of
the <dfn>signature separator</dfn> (<code>"-- "</code>) to do this. You can also
customize the face <code>mh-show-signature</code> so the appearance of the
signature block is more to your liking.
<p><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dhook-546"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dmode_002dhook-547"></a>
Two hooks can be used to control how messages are displayed. The first
hook, <code>mh-show-mode-hook</code>, is called early on in the process of
the message display. It is usually used to perform some action on the
message's content. The second hook, <code>mh-show-hook</code>, is the last
thing called after messages are displayed. It's used to affect the
behavior of MH-E in general or when <code>mh-show-mode-hook</code> is too
early.
<p><a name="index-MH_002dShow-mode-548"></a><a name="index-modes_002c-MH_002dShow-549"></a><a name="index-mh_002dshow_002dbuffer_002dmode_002dline_002dbuffer_002did-550"></a>
For those who like to modify their mode lines, use
<code>mh-show-buffer-mode-line-buffer-id</code> to modify the mode line in
the MH-Show buffers. Place the two escape strings `<samp><span class="samp">%s</span></samp>' and
`<samp><span class="samp">%d</span></samp>', which will display the folder name and the message number,
respectively, somewhere in the string in that order. The default value
of <code>"{show-%s} %d"</code> yields a mode line of
<pre class="smallexample"> -----{show-+inbox} 4 (MH-Show)--Bot--------------------------------
</pre>
<div class="footnote">
<hr>
<h4>Footnotes</h4><p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-1" href="#fnd-1">1</a>]</small> The `<samp><span class="samp">Face:</span></samp>' field appeared in GNU
Emacs 21 and XEmacs. For more information, see
<a href="http://quimby.gnus.org/circus/face/">http://quimby.gnus.org/circus/face/</a>.</p>
<p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-2" href="#fnd-2">2</a>]</small> The
display of this field requires the
<a href="ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/faces/compface/compface.tar.Z"><samp><span class="command">uncompface</span></samp> program</a>. Recent versions of XEmacs have internal
support for `<samp><span class="samp">X-Face:</span></samp>' images. If your version of XEmacs does not,
then you'll need both <samp><span class="command">uncompface</span></samp> and the
<a href="ftp://ftp.jpl.org/pub/elisp/">`<samp><span class="samp">x-face</span></samp>' package</a>.</p>
<p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-3" href="#fnd-3">3</a>]</small> The display of the images
requires the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/wget.html"><samp><span class="command">wget</span></samp> program</a> to fetch the image and the <samp><span class="command">convert</span></samp>
program from the <a href="http://www.imagemagick.org/">ImageMagick suite</a>.</p>
<p><hr></div>
</body></html>
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