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.. _python_35:
Python 3.5
==========
Below is a list of finalised/accepted PEPs for Python 3.5 grouped into their impact to MicroPython.
.. table::
:widths: 30 50 20
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| **Extensions to the syntax** | **Status** |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 448 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0448/>`_ | Additional unpacking generalizations | Partial |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 465 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0465/>`_ | A new matrix multiplication operator | Complete |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 492 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0492/>`_ | Coroutines with ``async`` and ``await`` syntax | Complete |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| **Extensions and changes to runtime** |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 461 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0461/>`_ | % formatting for binary strings | Complete |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 475 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0475/>`_ | Retrying system calls that fail with ``EINTR`` | Complete |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 479 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0479/>`_ | Change ``StopIteration`` handling inside generators | Complete |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| **Standard library changes** |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 471 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0471/>`_ | ``os.scandir()`` | |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 485 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0485/>`_ | ``math.isclose()``, a function for testing | Complete |
| | approximate equality | |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| **Miscellaneous changes** |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 441 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0441/>`_ | Improved Python zip application support | |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 486 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0486/>`_ | Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual | Not relevant |
| | environments | |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 484 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0484/>`_ | Type hints (advisory only) | Complete [#fth]_ |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 488 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0488/>`_ | Elimination of PYO files | Not relevant |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
| `PEP 489 <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0489/>`_ | Redesigning extension module loading | |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------+--------------------+
Other Language Changes:
.. table::
:widths: 90 10
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Added the *namereplace* error handlers. The *backslashreplace* error handlers now work with decoding and | |
| translating. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Property docstrings are now writable. This is especially useful for collections.namedtuple() docstrings | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Circular imports involving relative imports are now supported. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
New Modules:
* `typing <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#typing>`_
* `zipzap <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#zipapp>`_
Changes to built-in modules:
.. table::
:widths: 90 10
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `collections <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#collections>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *OrderedDict* class is now implemented in C, which makes it 4 to 100 times faster. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| *OrderedDict.items()* , *OrderedDict.keys()* , *OrderedDict.values()* views now support reversed() | |
| iteration. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The deque class now defines *index()*, *insert()*, and *copy()*, and supports the + and * operators. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Docstrings produced by namedtuple() can now be updated. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The UserString class now implements the *__getnewargs__()*, *__rmod__()*, *casefold()*, *format_map()*, | |
| *isprintable()*, and *maketrans()* methods to match the corresponding methods of str. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `heapq <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#heapq>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Element comparison in *merge()* can now be customized by passing a key function in a new optional key | |
| keyword argument, and a new optional *reverse* keyword argument can be used to reverse element comparison | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `io <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#io>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new *BufferedIOBase.readinto1()* method, that uses at most one call to the underlying raw stream's | |
| *RawIOBase.read()* or *RawIOBase.readinto()* methods | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `json <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#json>`_ | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| JSON decoder now raises JSONDecodeError instead of ValueError to provide better context information about | |
| the error. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `math <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#math>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Two new constants have been added to the math module: *inf* and *nan*. | Complete |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new function *isclose()* provides a way to test for approximate equality. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new *gcd()* function has been added. The *fractions.gcd()* function is now deprecated. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `os <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#os>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The new *scandir()* function returning an iterator of DirEntry objects has been added. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *urandom()* function now uses the *getrandom()* syscall on Linux 3.17 or newer, and *getentropy()* on | |
| OpenBSD 5.6 and newer, removing the need to use /dev/urandom and avoiding failures due to potential file | |
| descriptor exhaustion. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| New *get_blocking()* and *set_blocking()* functions allow getting and setting a file descriptor's blocking| |
| mode (O_NONBLOCK.) | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| There is a new *os.path.commonpath()* function returning the longest common sub-path of each passed | |
| pathname | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `re <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#re>`_ | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| References and conditional references to groups with fixed length are now allowed in lookbehind assertions| |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The number of capturing groups in regular expressions is no longer limited to 100. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *sub()* and *subn()* functions now replace unmatched groups with empty strings instead of raising an | |
| exception. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *re.error* exceptions have new attributes, msg, pattern, pos, lineno, and colno, that provide better | |
| context information about the error | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `socket <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#socket>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Functions with timeouts now use a monotonic clock, instead of a system clock. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new *socket.sendfile()* method allows sending a file over a socket by using the high-performance | |
| *os.sendfile()* function on UNIX, resulting in uploads being from 2 to 3 times faster than when using | |
| plain *socket.send()* | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *socket.sendall()* method no longer resets the socket timeout every time bytes are received or sent. | |
| The socket timeout is now the maximum total duration to send all data. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The backlog argument of the *socket.listen()* method is now optional. By default it is set to SOMAXCONN or| Complete |
| to 128, whichever is less. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `ssl <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#ssl>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Memory BIO Support | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Support | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| There is a new *SSLSocket.version()* method to query the actual protocol version in use. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The SSLSocket class now implements a *SSLSocket.sendfile()* method. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *SSLSocket.send()* method now raises either the *ssl.SSLWantReadError* or *ssl.SSLWantWriteError* | |
| exception on a non-blocking socket if the operation would block. Previously, it would return 0. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *cert_time_to_seconds()* function now interprets the input time as UTC and not as local time, per RFC | |
| 5280. Additionally, the return value is always an int. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| New *SSLObject.shared_ciphers()* and *SSLSocket.shared_ciphers()* methods return the list of ciphers sent | |
| by the client during the handshake. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *SSLSocket.do_handshake()*, *SSLSocket.read()*, *SSLSocket.shutdown()*, and *SSLSocket.write()* | |
| methods of the SSLSocket class no longer reset the socket timeout every time bytes are received or sent. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *match_hostname()* function now supports matching of IP addresses. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `sys <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#sys>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new *set_coroutine_wrapper()* function allows setting a global hook that will be called whenever a | |
| coroutine object is created by an async def function. A corresponding *get_coroutine_wrapper()* can be | |
| used to obtain a currently set wrapper. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| A new *is_finalizing()* function can be used to check if the Python interpreter is shutting down. | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| `time <https://docs.python.org/3/whatsnew/3.5.html#time>`_ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
| The *monotonic()* function is now always available | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------+
.. rubric:: Notes
.. [#fth] The MicroPython parser correct ignores all type hints. However, the ``typing`` module is not built-in.
|
