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<H1><A NAME="SECTION001400000000000000000"></A>
<A NAME="sec-repeat"></A>
<BR>
Repeats
</H1>
<P>
<I><B>MMA</B></I> attempts to be as comfortable to use as standard sheet music. This includes <B>repeats</B> and <B>endings</B>.
<P>
More complex structures like <B>D.S.</B>, <B>Coda</B>, etc. are <I>not</I> directly supported. But, they are easily simulated with by using some simple variables, conditionals and <I>Goto</I>s. See chapter <A HREF="node15.html#sec-variables">15</A> for details. Often as not, it may be easier to use your editor to cut, paste and duplicate. Another, alternate, method of handling complicated repeats is to set sections of code in <I>Mset</I> (<A HREF="node15.html#sec-mset"><IMG ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="1" ALT="[*]"
SRC="file:/usr/lib/latex2html/icons/crossref.png"></A>) variables and simply expand those.
<P>
A section of music to be repeated is indicated with a <I>Repeat</I> and <I>Repeatend</I> or <I>EndRepeat</I><A NAME="tex2html56"
HREF="#foot4942"><SUP>14.1</SUP></A> In addition, you can have <I>RepeatEndings</I>.
<P>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
<P><A NAME="eg-repeat"></A></P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=10" BGCOLOR="#dddddd" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><CAPTION ALIGN="BOTTOM"><STRONG><B>Example</B> 14.1:</STRONG>
Repeats</CAPTION>
<TR><TD>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>
<IMG
WIDTH="497" HEIGHT="73" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
SRC="img21.png"
ALT="\includegraphics[width=.9\textwidth]{mupex/repeat.ps}"> <BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Repeat
<BR>
1 Am
<BR>
2 C
<BR>
RepeatEnding 2
<BR>
3 D7
<BR>
RepeatEnding
<BR>
4 D7 / Dm
<BR>
RepeatEnd
<BR>
5 G7
<BR>
6 A </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<BR>
<BR>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV>
<P>
In example <A HREF="#eg-repeat">14.1</A> <I><B>MMA</B></I> produces music with bars:
<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
1, 2, 3,
<BR>
1, 2, 3,
<BR>
1, 2, 4,
<BR>
1, 2, 5, 6
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
This works just like standard sheet music. Note that both <I>RepeatEnding</I> and <I>RepeatEnd</I> can take an optional argument indicating the number of times to use the ending or to repeat the block. The effect of an optional count for <I>RepeatEnding</I> is illustrated in the example, above. The following simple example:
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Repeat
<BR>
1 Am
<BR>
2 Cm
<BR>
RepeatEnd 3 </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
Will expand to:
<BLOCKQUOTE>
1, 2,
<BR>
1, 2,
<BR>
1, 2
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
Note that the optional argument ``3'' produces a total of three copies. The default argument for <I>Repeat</I> is ``2'' (values less than 2 are not permitted).
<P>
Combining optional counts with both <I>RepeatEnding</I> and <I>RepeatEnd</I> is permitted. However, the final repeats will not include the endings. Another example:
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Repeat
<BR>
1 Am
<BR>
2 C
<BR>
RepeatEnding 2
<BR>
3 D7
<BR>
RepeatEnd 2 </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
Produces:
<BLOCKQUOTE>
1, 2, 3,
<BR>
1, 2, 3,
<BR>
1, 2,
<BR>
1, 2
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>
<I><B>MMA</B></I> processes repeats by reading the input file and creating duplicates of the repeated material. This means that a directive in the repeated material would be processed multiple times. Unless you know what you are doing, directives should not be inserted in repeat sections. Be especially careful if you define a pattern inside a repeat. Using <I>Tempo</I> with a ``+'' or ``-'' will be problematic as well.
<P>
Repeats can be nested to any level.
<P>
There must be one <I>RepeatEnd</I> or <I>EndRepeat</I> for every <I>Repeat</I>. Any number of <I>RepeatEndings</I> can be included before the <I>RepeatEnd</I>.
<BR><HR><H4>Footnotes</H4>
<DL>
<DT><A NAME="foot4942">...EndRepeat</A><A
HREF="node14.html#tex2html56"><SUP>14.1</SUP></A></DT>
<DD>The reason for both <I>EndRepeat</I> and <I>RepeatEnd</I> is that we have both <I>IfEnd</I> and <I>EndIf</I>.
</DD>
</DL><HR>
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<ADDRESS>
Bob
2004-12-02
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