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<LI><A NAME="tex2html367"
HREF="node7.html#SECTION00710000000000000000">Riff</A>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html368"
HREF="node7.html#SECTION00720000000000000000">Multiple Riffs</A>
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<H1><A NAME="SECTION00700000000000000000"></A>
<A NAME="sec-riffs"></A>
<BR>
Riffs
</H1>
<P>
In previous chapters we learned how to create a <I>Pattern</I> which
becomes a part of a <I>Sequence</I>. And how to set a musical style
by defining a <I>Groove</I>.
<P>
These predfined <I>Grooves</I> are wonderful things. And, yes, entire
accompaniment tracks can be created with just some chords and few <I>Grooves</I>.
But, often we want a bit of variety in the track.
<P>
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00710000000000000000">
Riff</A>
</H1>
<P>
The <I>Riff</I> command permits the setting of an alternate pattern for any
track for a single bar-this overrides the current <I>Sequence</I> for that
track.
<P>
The syntax for <I>Riff</I> is very similar to that of <I>Define</I>, with the
execption that no pattern name is used. You might think of <I>Riff</I> as
the setting of an <I>Sequence</I> with an anonymous pattern.
<P>
A <I>Riff</I> is set with the command:
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Track Riff Pattern </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
where:
<P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>Track</STRONG></DT>
<DD>is any valid <I><B>MMA</B></I> track name,
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>Pattern</STRONG></DT>
<DD>is any existing pattern name defined for the specified
track, or a pattern definition following the same syntax as
a <I>Define</I>. In addition the pattern can be a single ``z'', indicating
no pattern for the specified track.
<P>
</DD>
</DL>
<P>
Following is a short example using <I>Riff</I> to change the Chord Pattern:
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Groove Rhumba
<BR>
1 Fm7
<BR>
2 Bb7
<BR>
3 EbM7
<BR>
Chord Riff 1 4 100; 3 8 90; 3.666 8 80; 4.333 8 70
<BR>
4 Eb6 / Eb
<BR>
5 Fm7 </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
In this case we have a Rhumba Groove for the song. But, in bar 4 we
want to emphasize the melodic pattern by chording a quarter-note triplet
over beats 3 and 4. In this case we have defined the pattern right in the
<I>Riff</I> command.
<P>
Our next example shows that <I>Riff</I> patterns can be defined just like
the patterns used in a sequence.
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Begin Drum
<BR> Define Emph1 1 0 128
<BR> Define Emph8 Emph1 * 8
<BR>
End
<BR>
<BR>
Groove Blues
<BR>
<BR>
1 C
<BR>
2 G
<BR>
Drum1 Riff Emph8
<BR>
3 G
<BR>
4 F
<BR>
5 C </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
In this case we have defined the <B>Emph8</B> pattern as a series of
eighth notes. We then apply this for the 3rd bar. If you compile and
play this example you will hear a sporadic handclap on bar 3. The <B>Drum1</B>
track is using a handclap tone with a random skip factor (previously defined in the
Blues groove).
<P>
The special pattern ``z'' can be used to turn off a track for a single
bar. This is similar to using a ``z'' in the <I>Sequence</I> directive.
<P>
A few things to keep in mind when using <I>Riffs</I>:
<P>
<UL>
<LI>A <I>Riff</I> is in effect for only one bar.
<P>
</LI>
<LI><I>Riff</I> sequences are always enabled. Even if there
is no sequence for a track, or if the ``z'' sequence is
being used, the pattern specified in <I>Riff</I> will apply.
<P>
</LI>
<LI>The existing voicing, articulation, etc. for the track will
apply to the <I>Riff</I>.
<P>
</LI>
<LI>It's quite possible to use a macro for repeated <I>Riff</I>s.
In example <A HREF="#eg-riff">7.1</A> we have
created a macro which sets the <I>Volume</I>,
<I>Articulate</I>, etc. as well as the pattern. Note how the pattern
is initially set as single whole note, but redfined in the <I>Riff</I>
as a run controlled by another macro. In bar 2 an eight note run is
played and in bar 5 this is changed to a run of triplets.
<P>
<DIV ALIGN="CENTER">
<P><A NAME="eg-riff"></A></P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=10" BGCOLOR="#dddddd" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><CAPTION ALIGN="BOTTOM"><STRONG><B>Example</B> 7.1:</STRONG>
Using Macros and Riffs</CAPTION>
<TR><TD>
<BR>
<BR>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Mset CRiff
<BR> Begin Scale
<BR> Define Run 1 1 120
<BR> Riff Run * $SSpeed
<BR> Voice AltoSax
<BR> Volume f
<BR> Articulate 80
<BR> Rskip 5
<BR> End
<BR>
MsetEnd
<BR>
Groove Blues
<BR>
1 C
<BR>
Set SSpeed 8
<BR> $CRiff
<BR>
2 G
<BR>
3 G
<BR>
Set SSpeed 12
<BR> $CRIFF
<BR>
5 C </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<BR>
<BR>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV>
<P>
</LI>
</UL>
<P>
<I>Riff</I>s can also be used to specify a bar of music in a <I>Solo</I> or <I>Melody</I> track. Please see the ``Solo and Melody'' chapter (<A HREF="node10.html#chap-solo"><IMG ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="1" ALT="[*]"
SRC="file:/usr/lib/latex2html/icons/crossref.png"></A>).
<P>
<H1><A NAME="SECTION00720000000000000000">
Multiple Riffs</A>
</H1>
<P>
Use the syntax described above you can reset the sequence or set the
melody notes for a single bar--the bar which follows the <I>Riff</I> command.
As an alternate, you can set a number of lines at once using the <I>Riffs</I>
command (the only difference here is the trailing ``s''). This command
``stacks'' its argument on a special stack; each line is ``pulled'' from the
stack as successive chord lines are processed.
<P>
Recycling an earlier example, lets assume that we want to use
a customized pattern for bars 4 and 5 in our mythical song:
<P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING=0 CELLPADDING=5" BGCOLOR="OldLace" BORDER=3><TR> <TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE><B>Groove Rhumba
<BR>
1 Fm7
<BR>
2 Bb7
<BR>
3 EbM7
<BR>
Chord Riffs 1 4 100; 3 8 90; 3.666 8 80; 4.333 8 70
<BR>
Chord Riffs 1 2 100; 3 8 90;
<BR>
4 Eb6 / Eb
<BR>
5 Fm7 </B></BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>
In this example the first <I>Chord Riff</I> will be used in bar 4; the
second in bar 5. For an example of this see the sample file <TT><A NAME="tex2html33"
HREF="egs/riffs.mma">egs/riffs.mma</A></TT>.
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Bob
2004-12-02
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