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<!--Table of Child-Links-->
<A ID="CHILD_LINKS"><STRONG>Subsections</STRONG></A>

<UL CLASS="ChildLinks">
<LI><A ID="tex2html532"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00610000000000000000">Creating A Groove</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html533"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00620000000000000000">Using A Groove</A>
<UL>
<LI><A ID="tex2html534"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00621000000000000000">Extended Groove Notation</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html535"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00622000000000000000">Groove Search Summary</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html536"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00623000000000000000">Overlay Grooves</A>
</UL>
<BR>
<LI><A ID="tex2html537"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00630000000000000000">Groove Aliases</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html538"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00640000000000000000">AllGrooves</A>
<UL>
<LI><A ID="tex2html539"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00641000000000000000">Options</A>
</UL>
<BR>
<LI><A ID="tex2html540"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00650000000000000000">Deleting Grooves</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html541"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00660000000000000000">Sticky</A>
<LI><A ID="tex2html542"
  HREF="node6.html#SECTION00670000000000000000">Library Issues</A>
</UL>
<!--End of Table of Child-Links-->
<HR>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00600000000000000000"></A>
<A ID="sec-grooves"></A>
<BR>
Grooves
</H1>

<P>
Grooves, in some ways, are 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT> 's answer to macros ... but they
are cooler, easier to use, and have a more musical name.

<P>
Really, though, a groove is just a simple mechanism for saving and
restoring a set of patterns and sequences. Using grooves it is easy to
create sequence libraries which can be incorporated into your songs
with a single command.

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00610000000000000000">
Creating A Groove</A>
</H1>

<P>
A groove can be created at anytime in an input file with the command:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>DefGroove SlowRhumba  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Optionally, you can include a documentation string to the end of this
command:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>DefGroove SlowRumba A descriptive comment!  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
A groove name can include any character, including digits and
punctuation. However, it cannot include a space character (used as a
delimiter), a colon &ldquo;:&rdquo; or a '/'.<A ID="tex2html36"
  HREF="#foot1011"><SUP><SPAN CLASS="arabic">6</SPAN>.<SPAN CLASS="arabic">1</SPAN></SUP></A>
<P>
In normal operation the documentation strings are ignored. However,
when 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  is run with the -Dx command line option these strings are
printed to the terminal screen in <SPAN CLASS="logo,LaTeX">L<SUP><SMALL>A</SMALL></SUP>T<SMALL>E</SMALL>X</SPAN> format. The standard library
document is generated from this data. The comments <SPAN  CLASS="textit">must</SPAN> be
suitable for <SPAN CLASS="logo,LaTeX">L<SUP><SMALL>A</SMALL></SUP>T<SMALL>E</SMALL>X</SPAN>: this means that special symbols like &ldquo;#&rdquo;,
&ldquo;&amp;&rdquo;, etc. must be &ldquo;quoted&rdquo; with a preceding &ldquo; \&rdquo;.

<P>
At this point the following information is saved:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>Current Sequence size,
</LI>
<LI>The current sequence for each track,
</LI>
<LI>Time setting (quarter notes per bar),
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Accent&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Articulation&rdquo; settings for each track,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Compress&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Direction&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;DupRoot&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Harmony&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;HarmonyOnly&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;HarmonyVolume&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Invert&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Limit&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Mallet&rdquo; (rate and decay),
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;MidiSeq&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;MidiVoice&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;MidiClear&rdquo;
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;NoteSpan&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Octave&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Range&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;RSkip&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Rtime&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;RDuration&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Rvolume&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Scale&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;SeqRnd&rdquo;, globally and for each track,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;SeqRndWeight&rdquo;, globally and for each track,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Strum&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;SwingMode&rdquo; Status and Skew,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Time Signature&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Tone&rdquo; for drum tracks,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Unify&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Voice&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;VoicingCenter&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;VoicingMode&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;VoicingMove&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;VoicingRange&rdquo;,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;Volume&rdquo; for tracks and master,
</LI>
<LI>&ldquo;VolumeRatio&rdquo;.

<P>
</LI>
</UL>

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00620000000000000000">
Using A Groove</A>
</H1>

<P>
You can restore a previously defined groove at anytime in your song
with:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Name  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
At this point all of the previously saved information is restored.

<P>
If the specified groove is not in memory 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  will search the
library files on disk for a file containing it. The search is done in
the files in the L<SMALL>IB</SMALL>P<SMALL>ATH</SMALL> directory
<A HREF="node33.html#libpath">here</A>. Please note, the search
ends with the <SPAN  CLASS="textit">first</SPAN> matching groove name found. The search
begins with <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib</SPAN></SPAN> and continues though the other directories
in your library (in alphabetical order). If you have two
grooves with the same name in different directories or files, please
read the section below on extended groove notation.

<P>
A few cautions:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>Pattern definitions are <SPAN  CLASS="textit">not</SPAN> saved in grooves. Redefining
  a pattern results in a new pattern definition. Sequences use the
  pattern definition in effect when the sequence is declared. In
  short, if you do something like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Chord Define MyPat 1 2.2 90  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
and use the pattern &ldquo;MyPat&rdquo; in a chord sequence <SPAN  CLASS="textit">and</SPAN> save that
pattern into a groove you should be careful <SPAN  CLASS="textit">not to</SPAN> redefine
&ldquo;MyPat&rdquo;. 

<P>
On the other hand, if you dynamically define patterns for your
sequences:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Chord Sequence {1 2.2 90}   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
you'll be safe since you can't change these kind of settings (other
than by issuing a new S<SMALL>EQUENCE</SMALL> command.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>The &ldquo;SeqSize&rdquo; setting is restored with a groove. The sequence
  point is also reset to bar 1. If you have multi-bar sequences,
  restoring a groove may upset your idea of the sequence pattern.

<P>
</LI>
</UL>

<P>
To make life (infinitely) more interesting, you can specify more than
one previously defined groove. In this case the next groove is
selected after each bar. For example:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Tango LightTango LightTangoSus LightTango  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
would create the following bars:

<P>

<OL>
<LI>Tango
</LI>
<LI>LightTango
</LI>
<LI>LightTangoSus
</LI>
<LI>LightTango
</LI>
<LI>Tango
</LI>
<LI>...
</LI>
</OL>

<P>
Note how the groove pattern wraps around to the first one when the
list is exhausted. There is no way to select an item from the list,
except by going though it.

<P>
You might find this handy if you have a piece with an alternating time
signature. For example, you might have a <SPAN  CLASS="textbf">3/4</SPAN> <SPAN  CLASS="textbf">4/4</SPAN>
song. Rather than creating a 2 bar groove, you could do something
like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Groove34 Groove44  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
For long lists you can use the &ldquo;/&rdquo; to repeat the last groove in the
list. For example, this:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove G1 G1 G1 G3 G3 G4 G4  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
could be written as:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove G1 / / G3 / G4   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
When you use the &ldquo;list&rdquo; feature of G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s you should be
aware of what happens with the bar sequence number. Normally the
sequence number is incremented after each bar is processed; and, when
a new groove is selected the sequence number is reset (see S<SMALL>EQ</SMALL>,
<A HREF="node30.html#seqnumber">discussed here)</A>. When you use a
list which changes the G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> after each bar the sequence
number is reset after each bar ... with one exception: if the same
G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> is being used for two or more bars the sequence will not
be reset.<A ID="tex2html37"
  HREF="#foot9411"><SUP><SPAN CLASS="arabic">6</SPAN>.<SPAN CLASS="arabic">2</SPAN></SUP></A>
<P>
Another way to select G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s is to use a list of grooves with
a leading value. In its simplest form the leading value will just
select a groove from this list:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove 3  Grv1 Grv2 Grv3 Grv4  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
will select G<SMALL>RV3</SMALL> which gives the identical result as:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Grv3  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
But, if you use a <SMALL>VARIABLE</SMALL>, you can select the G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> to use based
on the value of that variable ... handy if you want different sounds
for repeated sections. Again, an example:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Set loop 1  // create counter with value of 1 
<BR>
Repeat
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Groove $loop BossaNovaSus BossaNova1Sus BossaNovaFill
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;print This is loop $Loop ...Groove is $_Groove
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;1 A / Am
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;Inc Loop  // Bump the counter value
<BR>
RepeatEnd 4   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
If you use this option, make sure the value of the counter is greater
than 0. Also, note that the values larger than the list count are
&ldquo;looped&rdquo; to be valid. The use of &ldquo;/&rdquo;s for repeated names is also
permitted. For an example have a look at the file <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">grooves.mma</SPAN></SPAN>,
included in this distribution. You could get the same results with
various &ldquo;if&rdquo; statements, but this is easier.

<P>

<H2><A ID="SECTION00621000000000000000"></A>
<A ID="extended-groove"></A>
<BR>
Extended Groove Notation
</H2>

<P>
In addition to only loading a new groove by using the <SPAN  CLASS="textit">name</SPAN> of a
G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> you can also set the specific file that the
G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> exists in by using a filename prefix:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove stdlib/rhumba:rhumbaend  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
would load the &ldquo;RhumbaEnd&rdquo; groove from the file <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">rhumba.mma</SPAN></SPAN>
file located in the <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib</SPAN></SPAN> directory. In most cases the use of
an extended groove name is only required once (if at all) since the
command forces the file containing the named groove to be completely
read and all grooves defined in that file will now be in memory and
available with simple G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> commands.

<P>
Extended groove names, in just about all cases, eliminate the need for
the U<SMALL>SE</SMALL> command. For a complete understanding you should also
read the PATHS section, <A HREF="node33.html#lib-files">here</A>,
of this manual.

<P>
<SPAN  CLASS="textit">Important</SPAN>: The filename to the left of the &ldquo;:&rdquo; is a system
pathname, not a 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  variable. As such it <SPAN  CLASS="textit">must match the case</SPAN>
for the filename/path on your system. If, for example, you have a file
<SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">casio/poprock1.mma</SPAN></SPAN> and attempt to access it with G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>
<SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">Casio/Poprock1:PopRock1End</SPAN></SPAN> it will not work. You must use the
form G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">casio/poprock1:PopRock1End</SPAN></SPAN>. The case of the
data to the right of the &ldquo;:&rdquo; is not important. <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Do not use
  quotation marks</SPAN> when specifying a filename. 

<P>
When using an extended name, you (probably) only need to use the full
name once ... the entire file is read into memory making all of its
content available. For a, contrived, example:

<P>

<OL>
<LI>Assume you have two files, both called <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN>. One
  file is in <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib</SPAN></SPAN>; the other in <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">mylib</SPAN></SPAN>. Both directories can be found in
  P<SMALL>ATH</SMALL>L<SMALL>IB</SMALL>.

<P>
</LI>
<LI><SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN> defines grooves &ldquo;g1&rdquo;, &ldquo;g2&rdquo;, &ldquo;g3&rdquo; and &ldquo;gspecial&rdquo;.

<P>
</LI>
<LI><SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">mylib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN> defines grooves &ldquo;g1&rdquo;, &ldquo;g2&rdquo; and
  &ldquo;g3&rdquo;. It <SPAN  CLASS="textit">does not</SPAN> define &ldquo;gspecial&rdquo;.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Near the top of your song file you issue:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove mylib/swing:g1  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
The file <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">mylib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN> is read and the groove &ldquo;g1&rdquo; is enabled.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Later in the file you issue the command:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove g2  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Since this groove is already in memory, it is enabled.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Next:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>groove Gspecial  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Since this groove is <SPAN  CLASS="textit">not</SPAN> in memory (it wasn't in the file
<SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">mylib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN>) 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  now searches its database files and finds
the requested groove in <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN>. The file is read and
&ldquo;Gspecial&rdquo; is enabled.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Now you want to use groove &ldquo;g1&rdquo; again:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove g1  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Since the file <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN> has been read the &ldquo;g1&rdquo; groove
from <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">mylib/swing.mma</SPAN></SPAN> has been replaced. You, probably, have the
wrong groove in memory.

<P>
</LI>
</OL>

<P>
To help find problems you may encounter managing multiple libraries,
you can enable the special warning flag (see <A HREF="node28.html#debugging">here</A>):

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Debug Groove=On  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
which will issue a warning each time a G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> name is
redefined. You must enable this option from within a file; it is not
available on the command line.

<P>
A further, and most useful, method of dealing with multiple libraries
is to specify the groove name relative to the library name. In this
case we will assume you have a library directory &ldquo;casio&rdquo; and wish to
load the groove &ldquo;80sPopIntro&rdquo;. That particular groove is in the file
<SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">casio/80spop</SPAN></SPAN> and you could load it using:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove casio/80spop:80sPopIntro  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
however, you'll find it easier to use the shorter notation:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove casio:80sPopIntro  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
In this case the name on the left side of the &ldquo;:&rdquo; is taken to be the
name of the library and the various files in that, and only that,
library are searched. The only caution is that if you have more than
one file containing a groove named &ldquo;80sPopIntro&rdquo; in the casio
library, the first one found will be loaded ... and you will
not be informed of other matches.

<P>
Again, note that the name to the left of the &ldquo;:&rdquo; is a system
directory name and must be in the appropriate case for your
filesystem. <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">Casio</SPAN></SPAN> and <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">casio</SPAN></SPAN> are <SPAN  CLASS="textit">not</SPAN> the same.

<P>

<H2><A ID="SECTION00622000000000000000">
Groove Search Summary</A>
</H2>

<P>
Whenever a G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> command is issued a search for the named
groove is done. To help the unweary, here's a brief summary of the
logic (or, perhaps, lack thereof) of the method used:

<P>

<OL>
<LI>When a simple groove name, i.e., &ldquo;swing&rdquo;, is used 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  first
  looks in memory for that groove name. If found, it is activated.
  If not found, 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  will look for
  a library file containing that groove. The library files are
  examined in alphabetical order, except for <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">stdlib</SPAN></SPAN> which is
  always searched first.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>If an extended name with a filename is used, i.e.,
  &ldquo;casio/80spop:80sPopIntro&rdquo;, is used the library file <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">80spop</SPAN></SPAN>
  will be loaded and the groove will be enabled.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>If the extended name is a directory name, i.e.,
  &ldquo;casio:80sPopIntro&rdquo;, the files in the library directory
  <SPAN  CLASS="texttt"><SPAN  CLASS="textbf">casio</SPAN></SPAN> will be checked for the groove. The first file found
  containing the groove will be loaded.
</LI>
</OL>

<P>
For the last two cases, above:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>The groove will always be replaced (reloaded) by one from the
  file each time it is requested. All other duplicated groove names in
  memory will be re-read as well.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>You can simply use the non-extended version in subsequent
  calls.This avoids reloading the file.
</LI>
</UL>

<P>

<H2><A ID="SECTION00623000000000000000"></A>
<A ID="track-groove"></A>
<BR>
Overlay Grooves
</H2>

<P>
To make the creation of variations easier, you can use G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>
in a track setting:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Scale Groove Funny  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
In this case only the information saved in the corresponding
D<SMALL>EF</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVE </SMALL>F<SMALL>UNNY</SMALL> for the S<SMALL>CALE</SMALL> track will be restored.
You might think of this as a &ldquo;groove overlay&rdquo;. Have a look at the
sample song &ldquo;Yellow Bird&rdquo; for an example.

<P>
When restoring track grooves, as in the above example, the
S<SMALL>EQ</SMALL>S<SMALL>IZE</SMALL> is not reset. The sequence size of the restored track
is adjusted to fit the current sequence size setting.

<P>
One caution with these &ldquo;overlays&rdquo; is that no check is done to see if
the track you're using exists. Yes, the G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> must have been
defined, but not the track. Huh? Well, you need to know a bit about
how 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  parses files and how it handles new tracks. When 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  reads
a line in a file it first checks to see if the first word on the line
is a simple command like P<SMALL>RINT</SMALL>, MIDI or any other
command which doesn't require a leading trackname. If it is, the
appropriate function is called and file parsing continues. If it is
not a simple command 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  tests to see if it is a track specific
command. But to do that, it first has to test the first word to see if
it is a valid track name like <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Bass</SPAN> or <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Chord-Major</SPAN>. And,
if it is a valid track name and that track doesn't exist, the track is
created ... this is done <SPAN  CLASS="textit">before</SPAN> the rest of the command is
processed. So, if you have a command like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Bass-Foo Groove Something  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
and you really meant to type:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Bass-Foe Groove Something  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
you'll have a number of things happening:

<P>

<OL>
<LI>The track <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Bass-Foo</SPAN> will be created. This is not an issue
  to be concerned over since no data will be created for this new
  track unless you set a S<SMALL>EQUENCE</SMALL> for it.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>As part of the creation, all the existing G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s will
  have the <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Bass-Foo</SPAN> track (with its default/empty settings)
  added to them.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>And the current setting you think you're modifying with the
  <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Bass-Foe</SPAN> settings will be created with the <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Bass-Foo</SPAN>
  settings (which are nothing).

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Eventually you'll wonder why 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  isn't working.

<P>
</LI>
</OL>

<P>
So, be very careful using this command option. Check your spelling.
And use the P<SMALL>RINT</SMALL>A<SMALL>CTIVE</SMALL> command to verify your G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>
creations. A basic test is done by 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  when you use a G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>
in this manner and if the sequence for the named track is not defined
you will get a warning.

<P>
In most cases you will find the C<SMALL>OPY</SMALL> command detailed
<A HREF="node30.html#copy">here</A> to be more robust.

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00630000000000000000">
Groove Aliases</A>
</H1>

<P>
In an attempt to make the entire groove naming issue simpler, an
additional command has been added. More complication to make life
simpler.

<P>
You can create an alias for any defined G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> name with:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>DefAlias SomeGroove NewAlias  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Now you can refer to the groove &ldquo;SomeGroove&rdquo; with the name
&ldquo;NewAlias&rdquo;.

<P>
A few rules:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>the alias name must not be the name of a currently defined
  groove,
</LI>
<LI>when defining a new groove you cannot use the name of an alias.
</LI>
</UL>

<P>
Groove aliases are a tool designed to make it possible to have a
standard set of groove names in 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  usable at the same time as the
standard library.

<P>
There is a major difference between a groove alias and the simple act
of assigning two names to the same groove. Consider this snippet:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>...define some things ...
<BR>
Defgroove Good 
<BR>
Defgroove Good2   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
You now have both &ldquo;good&rdquo; and &ldquo;good2&rdquo; assigned to the same set of
sequences, etc. Now, let's change something:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Good 
<BR>
Chord Voice Accordion 
<BR>  ...
<BR>  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Now, the groove &ldquo;good&rdquo; has an accordion voicing; &ldquo;good2&rdquo; still has
whatever the old &ldquo;good&rdquo; had. Compare this with:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>...define some things ...
<BR>
DefGroove Good 
<BR>
DefAlias Good2 Good   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
Now, make the same change:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Good 
<BR>
Chord Voice Accordion   </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
By using an alias &ldquo;good2&rdquo; now points to the changed &ldquo;good&rdquo;.

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00640000000000000000">
AllGrooves</A>
</H1>

<P>
There are times when you wish to change a setting in a set of library
files. For example, you like the <SPAN  CLASS="textit">Rhumba</SPAN> library sounds, but,
for a particular song you'd like a punchier bass sound. Now, it is
fairly easy to create a new library file for this; or you can set the
new bass settings each time you select a different G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>.

<P>
Much easier is to apply your changes to all the G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s in the
file. For example:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Use Rhumba 
<BR>
Begin AllGrooves 
<BR>&nbsp; Bass Articulate 50 
<BR>&nbsp; Bass Volume +20 
<BR>&nbsp; Walk Articulate 50 
<BR>&nbsp; Walk Volume +10 
<BR>
End 
<BR>   ...</B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
The A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL> command operates by applying its arguments to
each G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> currently defined. This includes the environment
you are currently in, even if this is not a defined G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>.

<P>
Everything after A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL> is interpreted as a legitimate 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT> 
  command. The syntax definition for A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL> is &ldquo;Allgrooves
  MMA-Command&rdquo;, so

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>AllGrooves Chord Octave 5  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
sets the O<SMALL>CTAVE</SMALL> to 5 for track Chord (and only Chord, not
  Chord-Foo, etc.) in all grooves.

<P>
Note: this is different from the A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>T<SMALL>RACKS</SMALL><A HREF="node30.html#alltracks">,
  here,</A> command which lets
you specify tracks for track types. Or course, there is nothing to
stop you from combining these with something like:

<P>
A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES </SMALL>A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>T<SMALL>RACKS </SMALL>C<SMALL>HORD </SMALL>O<SMALL>CTAVE 5</SMALL>

<P>
the results of which are left as an exercise for the reader.

<P>
A warning message will be displayed if the command had no
effect. The warning &ldquo;No tracks affected with ...&rdquo; will be
displayed if nothing was done. This could be due to a misspelled
command or track name, or the fact that the specified track does not
exist.

<P>
If you want to &ldquo;undo&rdquo; the effect of the A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL> just
import the library file again with:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Use stdlib/rhumba
<BR>
Groove Rhumba  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
or remove all the current G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s from memory with:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>GrooveClear
<BR>
Groove Rhumba  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
In both cases you'll end up with the original G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> settings.

<P>

<H2><A ID="SECTION00641000000000000000">
Options</A>
</H2>

<P>
The A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL> can take options in the &ldquo;Option=Value&rdquo; format.
Please note that options must be at the start of the line. The first
non-option pair (or a &ldquo;&ndash;&rdquo;) will terminate the scan for options.

<P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>NoWarn=True/False</STRONG></DT>
<DD>You can disable <SPAN  CLASS="textit">all</SPAN> warning messages which might
  be displayed when using A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> by using the command
  modifier N<SMALL>O</SMALL>W<SMALL>ARN=</SMALL>T<SMALL>RUE</SMALL> as an argument. For example:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>AllGrooves Bass Sequence B11  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
will display a warning message (it's not recommended to change all
  sequence definitions like this), but:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>AllGrooves NoWarn=True Bass Sequence B11  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
will complile cleanly. We recommend you get your file working
  properly <SPAN  CLASS="textit">before</SPAN> adding this modifier.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>Verbose=True/False</STRONG></DT>
<DD>Print the names of the affected grooves.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>Only=A[,B..]</STRONG></DT>
<DD>Specify a list of grooves to apply the command.
  Only the grooves in memory <SPAN  CLASS="textit">and</SPAN> listed will be affected. You
  cannot use this option in conjunction with the S<SMALL>KIP</SMALL> option.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>Skip=A[,B..]</STRONG></DT>
<DD>All the grooves in memory will be affected with
  the exception of the grooves specified. You cannot use this option
  in conjunction with the O<SMALL>NLY</SMALL> option.

<P>
</DD>
</DL>

<P>
A few notes:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>This command only effects G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s which have been loaded
  into memory either by loading a library file or otherwise creating a
  G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>The in memory grooves can all have different sequence sizes.
  Special code inhibits the printing of warning messages when you use
  a too-long list (of sequence points) of commands. For example,
  &ldquo;AllGrooves Chord Octave 3 4 5 6&rdquo; will not generate a warning with
  a groove with a sequence size of 2, it will just be truncated.

<P>
</LI>
<LI>Be careful what commands you use since they are applied rather
  blindly. For example, the command:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>AllTracks BeatAdjust 2  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
will insert 2 additional beats for each G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> you have. So,
  if you have 10 G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s you would insert 20 beats. Not what
  you intended. T<SMALL>EMPO</SMALL> and other commands will cause similar
  problems. Actually, B<SMALL>EAT</SMALL>A<SMALL>DJUST</SMALL> is not permitted in
  A<SMALL>LL</SMALL>G<SMALL>ROOVES</SMALL>, but it's a cool example.

<P>
</LI>
</UL>

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00650000000000000000">
Deleting Grooves</A>
</H1>

<P>
There are times when you might want 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  to forget about all the
G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s in its memory. Just do a:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>GrooveClear  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
at any point in your input file and that is exactly what happens. But,
&ldquo;why&rdquo;, you may ask, &ldquo;would one want to do this?&rdquo; One case would be
to force the re-reading of a library file. For example, a library file
might have a user setting like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>If Ndef ChordVoice
<BR>
Set ChordVoice Piano1
<BR>
Endif  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
In this case you could set the variable &ldquo;ChordVoice&rdquo; before loading
any of the G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>s in the file. All works! Now, assume that you
have a repeated section and want to change the voice. Simply changing
the variable <SPAN  CLASS="textit">does not work</SPAN>. The library file isn't re-read
since the existing G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> data is already in memory. Using
G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL>C<SMALL>LEAR</SMALL> erases the existing data and forces a re-reading of
the library file.

<P>
Please note that low-level settings like MIDI track assignments are
<SPAN  CLASS="textit">not</SPAN> changed by this command.

<P>
Groove aliases are also deleted with this command.

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00660000000000000000"></A>
<A ID="sect-sticky"></A>
<BR>
Sticky
</H1>
In most cases the method used to save and restore grooves works just
fine. However, you may want a certain track be invisible to the groove
mechanism. You may find this option convenient if you creating a
&ldquo;click track&rdquo; or if you are using triggers (see
<A HREF="node26.html#sec-triggers">here</A>) across different
grooves.

<P>
Setting a track as S<SMALL>TICKY</SMALL>

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Drum-Testing Sticky True  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
solves the problem. 

<P>
The command takes a single value of &ldquo;True&rdquo; or &ldquo;False&rdquo;. &ldquo;On&rdquo;,
&ldquo;1&rdquo;, &ldquo;Off&rdquo; and &ldquo;0&rdquo; may also be used. The only way a sticky track can
become un-sticky is with a command like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Drum-Testing  Sticky False  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
You can set the sticky bit from a T<SMALL>RIGGER</SMALL> command as well. The
results are the same.

<P>
Note: Sticky tracks are <SPAN  CLASS="textit">not</SPAN> deleted with the S<SMALL>EQ</SMALL>C<SMALL>LEAR</SMALL> command.

<P>

<H1><A ID="SECTION00670000000000000000">
Library Issues</A>
</H1>

<P>
If you are using a groove from a library file, you just need to do
something like:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Groove Rhumba2  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
at the appropriate position in your input file.

<P>
One minor problem which <SPAN  CLASS="textit">may</SPAN> arise is that more than one library
file has defined the same groove name. This might happen if you have a
third-party library file. For the proposes of this example, let's
assume that the standard library file &ldquo;rhumba.mma&rdquo; and a second file
&ldquo;xyz-rhumba.mma&rdquo; both define the groove &ldquo;Rhumba2&rdquo;. The
<A HREF="node33.html#lib-use">auto-load</A> routines
which search the library database will load the first &ldquo;Rhumba2&rdquo; it
finds, and the search order cannot be determined. To overcome this
possible problem, do a explicit loading of the correct file. In this
case, simply do:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Use xyz-rhumba  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
near the top of your file. And if you wish to switch to the groove
defined in the standard file, you can always do:

<P>

      <Table Hspace="40%" CellSpacing=0 CellPadding=10 BGColor="OldLace" Border=3>
        <tr><td>
    <B>Use rhumba  </B> 
   
	    </td></tr>
      </Table>

<P>
just before the groove call. The U<SMALL>SE</SMALL> will read the specified
file and overwrite the old definition of &ldquo;Rhumba2&rdquo; with its own.

<P>
This issue in covered in more detail <A HREF="node33.html#library-maint">here in</A> this manual. Most problems of this kind
are easily avoided by using the extended groove notation, detailed above.

<P>
<BR><HR><H4>Footnotes</H4>
<DL>
<DT><A ID="foot1011">... '/'.</A><A
 HREF="node6.html#tex2html36"><SUP><SPAN CLASS="arabic">6</SPAN>.<SPAN CLASS="arabic">1</SPAN></SUP></A></DT>
<DD>The '/' and ':' are used
  in extended names.

</DD>
<DT><A ID="foot9411">... reset.</A><A
 HREF="node6.html#tex2html37"><SUP><SPAN CLASS="arabic">6</SPAN>.<SPAN CLASS="arabic">2</SPAN></SUP></A></DT>
<DD>Actually, 
<FONT Face="Serif"  Color="Navy"><I>MMA</I></FONT>  checks to see the next
  G<SMALL>ROOVE</SMALL> in the list is the same as the current one, and if it
  is then no change is done.

</DD>
</DL>
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