1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
|
! Copyright (C) 2005 Barbara Ercolano
!
! Version 2.02
module continuum_mod
use constants_mod
use common_mod
use interpolation_mod
! common variables
real, parameter :: hcRyd_k = 157893.94 ! constant: h*cRyd/k (Ryd at inf used) [K]
real, parameter :: hcRyd = 2.1799153e-11 ! constant: h*c*Ryd (Ryd at inf used) [erg]
real, parameter :: cRyd = 3.2898423e15 ! constant: c*Ryd (Ryd at inf used) [Hz]
real(kind=8), allocatable, save :: inSpectrumErg(:) ! input specrum energy distribution [erg/(cm^2*s*Hz*sr)]
real(kind=8), allocatable, save :: inSpectrumPhot(:) ! input specrum energy distribution [phot/(cm^2*s*Hz*sr)]
real, allocatable, save :: inSpectrumProbDen(:,:) ! probability density for input spectrum (nstars,nbins)
real, save :: normConstantErg = 0. ! normalization constant (area beyond input spectrum)
real, save :: normConstantPhot= 0. ! normalization constant (area beyond input spectrum)
real :: correctionPhot
real,save :: RStar
integer, parameter :: maxLim = 200000 ! max number of rows in the input spectrum file
integer :: nuP ! frequency pointer
logical, save :: lgF=.true.
contains
subroutine setContinuum()
implicit none
! local variables
character(len=50) :: filein ! input file name
character(len=1) :: junk ! used in file reading
integer :: err ! allocation error status
integer :: i, j, k, iStar ! counters
integer :: ios ! I/O error status
integer :: numLam
integer :: star1
integer, parameter :: sb99nuLim=1221
integer,dimension(nbins) :: lamCount
real :: skip, time ! stellar surface [e36 cm^2]
real(kind=8),dimension(maxLim) :: tmp1, tmp2
real, dimension(maxLim) :: enArray ! freq array as read from input spectrum file [Hz]
real(kind=8), dimension(maxLim) :: Hflux ! flux array as read from input spectrum file [erg/cm^2/s/Hz/sr]
print*, 'in setContinuum ', contShape
ios = 0
lamCount=0
! initialize arrays
if (lgF) then
allocate(inSpectrumErg(nbins), stat = err)
if (err /= 0) then
print*, "! setContinuum: can't allocate grid memory"
stop
end if
allocate(inSpectrumPhot(nbins), stat = err)
if (err /= 0) then
print*, "setContinuum: can't allocate grid memory"
stop
end if
lgF = .false.
end if
allocate(inSpectrumProbDen(0:nStars,nbins), stat = err)
if (err /= 0) then
print*, "setContinuum: can't allocate grid memory"
stop
end if
inSpectrumProbDen = 0.
! find the Lyman limit
call locate(nuArray, 1., lymanP)
if (Ldiffuse >0.) then
star1 = 0
else
star1 = 1
end if
do iStar=star1, nStars
! initialise arrays
enArray = 0.
Hflux = 0.
inSpectrumErg = 0.
inSpectrumPhot = 0.
inSpectrumProbDen(iStar,:) = 0.
filein = contShape(iStar)
! open file for reading
close(12)
open(unit = 12, file=filein, action="read", status = 'old', position = 'rewind', iostat=err)
if (err /= 0) then
! then maybe a set continuum has been chosen
print*, 'contShape ', contShape(iStar)
do i = 1, nbins
inSpectrumErg(i) = getFlux(nuArray(i), Tstellar(iStar), contShape(iStar))
inSpectrumPhot(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)/ (nuArray(i)*hcRyd)
end do
else
print*, 'contShape,spID ', contShape(iStar), spID(iStar)
select case(spID(iStar))
case ('sb99')
! Starburst99 input
! NOTE: the file must be in the format of 5 columns
! the first containing the time step
! the second the lambda points (A)
! and the fourth containing the stellar spectrum points
! (erg/s/A/sr). The file must be in ascending
! wavenegth order.
! First 7 lines are comments
! check if the end of the file has been reached
if (taskid==0) print*, '! setContinuum: reading STARBURST99 File at t= ',tStep(iStar)
do j = 1, 7
read(unit=12, fmt=*)
end do
do j = 1, maxLim
read(unit=12, fmt=*, iostat=ios) time
if (ios < 0) exit ! end of file reached
if (time == tStep(iStar)) then
backspace(12)
do k = 1, sb99nuLim
read(12, *) time, enArray(k), skip, Hflux(k)
! change Log L(lambda) [erg/s/A] into L(nu) [erg/s/Hz]
tmp1(k) = (10.**(Hflux(k))*(1.e-8*enArray(k)**2))/c
! change to Ryd
tmp2(k) = (c/(enArray(k)*1.e-8))/cRyd
end do
exit
end if
end do
close(12)
do i = 1,sb99nuLim
Hflux(i) = tmp1(sb99nuLim-i+1)
enArray(i) = real(tmp2(sb99nuLim-i+1))
end do
do j = 1, sb99nuLim
if (enArray(j) >= nuArray(1)-widflx(1)/2. .and.&
& enArray(j) < nuArray(1)+widflx(1)/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(1) = inSpectrumErg(1)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(1) = lamCount(1)+1
end if
do i = 2, nbins-1
if(enArray(j)>=(nuArray(i-1)+nuArray(i))/2. .and.&
& enArray(j)<(nuArray(i+1)+nuArray(i))/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(i) = lamCount(i)+1
end if
end do
if(enArray(j)>=nuArray(nbins)-widflx(nbins)/2. .and.&
& enArray(j) < nuArray(nbins)+widflx(nbins)/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(nbins) = inSpectrumErg(nbins)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(nbins) = lamCount(nbins)+1
end if
end do
do i = 1, nbins
if (lamCount(i)>0) then
inSpectrumErg(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)/real(lamCount(i))
end if
inSpectrumPhot(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)/ (nuArray(i)*hcRyd)
end do
do i = 2, nbins-1
if (inSpectrumErg(i) <= 0. .and. inSpectrumErg(i-1)>0.) then
do j = i+1, nbins
if (inSpectrumErg(j) > 0.) then
inSpectrumErg(i) = inSpectrumErg(i-1)-&
& ( (nuArray(i)-nuArray(i-1))*&
& (inSpectrumErg(i-1)-inSpectrumErg(j))/&
& (nuArray(j)-nuArray(i-1)))
exit
end if
end do
end if
end do
case ('rauch')
do j = 1, maxLim
! check if the end of file has been reached
! NOTE: the file must be in the format of two columns
! the first containing the lambda points (A)
! and the second containing the input spectrum points
! (erg/cm^2/s/A/sr). The file must be in ascending
! wavenegth order. See e.g. Thomas Rauch's tables
! http://astro.uni-tuebingen.de/~rauch/
! check if the end of the file has been reached
read(unit=12, fmt=*, iostat=ios) junk
if (ios < 0) exit ! end of file reached
if (junk.eq."*") cycle
backspace(12)
read(12, *) enArray(j), Hflux(j)
! change Hflux(lambda) [erg/cm^"/s/A/sr] into Hflux(nu) [erg/cm^2/s/Hz]
tmp1(j) = (Hflux(j)*(1.e-8*enArray(j)**2))/c/4.
! change to Ryd
tmp2(j) = (c/(enArray(j)*1.e-8))/cRyd
end do
close(12)
do i = 1,j-1
Hflux(i) = tmp1(j-1-i+1)
enArray(i) = real(tmp2(j-1-i+1))
end do
numLam = j-1
do j = 1, numLam
if (enArray(j) >= nuArray(1)-widflx(1)/2. .and.&
& enArray(j) < nuArray(1)+widflx(1)/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(1) = inSpectrumErg(1)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(1) = lamCount(1)+1
end if
do i = 2, nbins-1
if(enArray(j)>=(nuArray(i-1)+nuArray(i))/2. .and.&
& enArray(j)<(nuArray(i+1)+nuArray(i))/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(i) = lamCount(i)+1
end if
end do
if(enArray(j)>=nuArray(nbins)-widflx(nbins)/2. .and.&
& enArray(j) < nuArray(nbins)+widflx(nbins)/2.) then
inSpectrumErg(nbins) = inSpectrumErg(nbins)+Hflux(j)
lamCount(nbins) = lamCount(nbins)+1
end if
end do
do i = 1, nbins
if (lamCount(i)>0) then
inSpectrumErg(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)/real(lamCount(i))
end if
inSpectrumPhot(i) = inSpectrumErg(i)/ (nuArray(i)*hcRyd)
end do
! get physical flux
inSpectrumErg = fourPi*inSpectrumErg
inSpectrumPhot = fourPi*inSpectrumPhot
case default
print*, '! setContinuum: unsupported spectrum ID', i, spID(i)
stop
end select
end if
! set the input spectrum probability density distribution
call setProbDen(iStar)
end do
if (nStars==1) then
if (LPhot > 0. ) then ! calculate Lstar [e36 erg/s]
if (contShape(1) == 'powerlaw') then
print*, '! setContinuum: powerlaw do not allow Lphot. Please resubmit with Lstar.'
stop
end if
RStar = sqrt(Lphot / (fourPi*normConstantPhot*cRyd))
LStar(1) = fourPi*RStar*RStar*sigma*TStellar(1)**4
deltaE(1)=Lstar(1)/nPhotons(1)
if (taskid==0) then
print*, "Q(H) = ", LPhot, " [e36 phot/s]"
print*, "LStar= ", LStar(1), " [e36 erg/s]"
print*, "RStar = ", RStar, " [e18 cm]"
print*, "deltaE = ", deltaE, " [e36 erg/s]"
endif
else if (allocated(Lstar)) then ! calculate LPhot [e36 phot/s]
deltaE(1)=Lstar(1)/nPhotons(1)
if (contShape(1) /= 'powerlaw') then
RStar = sqrt(Lstar(1) / (fourPi*sigma*TStellar(1)**4))
LPhot = fourPi*RStar*RStar*normConstantPhot*cRyd
if (taskid==0) then
print*, "RStar = ", RStar, " [e18 cm]"
print*, "Q(H) = ", LPhot, " [e36 phot/s]"
print*, "LStar = ", LStar(1), " [e36erg/s]"
endif
end if
if (taskid==0) print*, "deltaE = ", deltaE(1), " [e36 erg/s]"
end if
end if
if (Ldiffuse>0. .and. nPhotonsDiffuse>0 ) then
deltaE(0) = Ldiffuse/nPhotonsDiffuse
end if
print*, 'out setContinuum'
end subroutine setContinuum
! this function returns energy distribution [erg/(cm^2*s*Hz*sr)] for the
! continuum specified by contShape at the specified cell
function getFlux(energy, temperature, cShape)
real, intent(in) :: energy ! energy [Ryd]
real, intent(in) :: temperature! temperature [K]
real :: constant ! units constant
real :: denominator ! denominator
real :: getFlux ! erg/(cm^2*s*Hz*sr)
character(len=50), intent(in) :: cShape
! calculate the input spectrum
! this is the Planck function divided by h (to avoid underflow)
select case (cShape)
case ("blackbody")
constant = 0.5250229/hPlanck ! 2*fr1Ryd^3 / c^2 [erg/cm^2]
! Planck's law: B(T) = (2 h nu^3/c^2) / (exp(h nu / (k T)) - 1)
! transformaion of frequency into Ryd: nu = Ryd c nu [Ryd]
if (hcRyd_k*energy/temperature > 86.) then
! Wien distribution
getFlux = constant*energy*energy*energy*&
& exp(dble(-hcRyd_k*energy/temperature)) ! single precision maximum exponent is -87.3365479, double precision necessary to avoid FPEs
return
end if
denominator = (exp(hcRyd_k*energy/temperature)-1.)
if (denominator <= 0.) then
! Rayleigh-Jeans distribution
! 2*fr1Ryd2*k/c^2 = 3.32154e-6
getFlux = 3.32154e-6*energy*energy*temperature/hPlanck
return
end if
getFlux = constant*energy*energy*energy/&
& denominator
return
case ("powerlaw")
if (energy>=nuMin .and. energy <= nuMax) then
getFlux = energy**(-pwlIndex)
else
getFlux = 0.
end if
return
case default
print*, "! getFlux: invalid continuum shape", cShape
stop
end select
end function getFlux
subroutine setProbDen(iS)
implicit none
! local variables
integer, intent(in) :: iS ! central star index
integer :: i ! counter
real :: maxp
double precision :: inSpSumErg(nbins) ! partial input spectrum sum [erg/s]
double precision :: inSpSumPhot(nbins) ! partial input spectrum sum [phot/s]
inSpSumPhot = 0.
inSpSumErg = 0.
! if (taskid==0) print*,'Ionising/illuminating spectrum:'
do i = 1, nbins
! if (taskid==0) print*, i, nuArray(i), inSpectrumErg(i)
inSpSumErg(i) = real(inSpectrumErg(i))
inSpSumPhot(i) = real(inSpectrumPhot(i))
end do
! calculate normalization constants
normConstantErg=0.
do i = 1, nbins
normConstantErg = normConstantErg + inSpSumErg(i)*widFlx(i)
end do
normConstantPhot=0.
do i = lymanP, nbins
normConstantPhot = normConstantPhot + inSpSumPhot(i)*widFlx(i)
end do
! normalise spectrum and calculate PDF
inSpectrumProbDen(iS,1) = inSpSumErg(1)*widFlx(1)/normConstantErg
do i = 2, nbins
inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i) = inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i-1) + &
& inSpSumErg(i)*widFlx(i)/normConstantErg
end do
maxp = 0.
do i = 1, nbins
if (inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i)>maxp) maxp = inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i)
end do
do i = 1, nbins
if (inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i)>=maxp) inSpectrumProbDen(iS,i)=1.
end do
if (contShape(iS)=='blackbody') then
normConstantErg = Pi*normConstantErg*hPlanck
normConstantPhot = Pi*normConstantPhot*hPlanck
end if
end subroutine setProbDen
subroutine setLdiffuse(grid)
implicit none
type(grid_type), intent(inout) :: grid(1:nGrids)
real :: norm, dV
integer :: iloc, igrid, ix, iy, iz, ngridsloc
if (emittingGrid>0) then
nGridsloc=emittingGrid
else
nGridsloc=nGrids
end if
if (lgGas) then
norm = 0.
do igrid = 1, nGridsloc
do ix = 1, grid(igrid)%nx
do iy = 1, grid(igrid)%ny
do iz = 1, grid(igrid)%nz
if (grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)>0) then
dV = getVolumeCon(grid(igrid),ix,iy,iz)
iloc = grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)
norm = norm+grid(igrid)%Hden(iloc)*dV
end if
end do
end do
end do
end do
norm = Ldiffuse/norm
do igrid = 1, nGridsloc
do ix = 1, grid(igrid)%nx
do iy = 1, grid(igrid)%ny
do iz = 1, grid(igrid)%nz
if (grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)>0) then
dV = getVolumeCon(grid(igrid),ix,iy,iz)
iloc = grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)
grid(igrid)%LdiffuseLoc(iloc) = norm*grid(igrid)%Hden(iloc)*dV
end if
end do
end do
end do
end do
else if (lgDust) then
norm = 0.
do igrid = 1, nGridsloc
do ix = 1, grid(igrid)%nx
do iy = 1, grid(igrid)%ny
do iz = 1, grid(igrid)%nz
if (grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)>0) then
dV = getVolumeCon(grid(igrid),ix,iy,iz)
iloc = grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)
norm = norm+grid(igrid)%nDust(iloc)*dV
end if
end do
end do
end do
end do
norm = Ldiffuse/norm
do igrid = 1, nGridsloc
do ix = 1, grid(igrid)%nx
do iy = 1, grid(igrid)%ny
do iz = 1, grid(igrid)%nz
if (grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)>0) then
dV = getVolumeCon(grid(igrid),ix,iy,iz)
iloc = grid(igrid)%active(ix,iy,iz)
grid(igrid)%LdiffuseLoc(iloc) = norm*grid(igrid)%nDust(iloc)*dV
end if
end do
end do
end do
end do
else
print*, 'setLdiffuse: insanity - no dust or gas!'
stop
end if
end subroutine setLdiffuse
! this function returns the volume of a cell in [e45 cm^3]
function getVolumeCon(grid,xP, yP, zP)
implicit none
type(grid_type),intent(in) :: grid ! the grid
integer, intent(in) :: xP, yP, zP ! cell indeces
real :: getVolumeCon ! volume of the cell [e45 cm^3]
! local variables
real :: dx, & ! cartesian axes increments
& dy, & ! in [cm]
& dz !
if (lg1D) then
if (nGrids>1) then
print*, '! getVolumeCon: 1D option and multiple grids options are not compatible'
stop
end if
if (xP == 1) then
getVolumeCon = 4.*Pi* ( (grid%xAxis(xP+1)/1.e15)**3)/3.
else if ( xP==grid%nx) then
getVolumeCon = Pi* ( (3.*(grid%xAxis(xP)/1.e15)-(grid%xAxis(xP-1)/1.e15))**3 - &
& ((grid%xAxis(xP)/1.e15)+(grid%xAxis(xP-1)/1.e15))**3 ) / 6.
else
getVolumeCon = Pi* ( ((grid%xAxis(xP+1)/1.e15)+(grid%xAxis(xP)/1.e15))**3 - &
& ((grid%xAxis(xP-1)/1.e15)+(grid%xAxis(xP)/1.e15))**3 ) / 6.
end if
getVolumeCon = getVolumeCon/8.
else
if ( (xP>1) .and. (xP<grid%nx) ) then
dx = abs(grid%xAxis(xP+1)-grid%xAxis(xP-1))/2.
else if ( xP==1 ) then
if (lgSymmetricXYZ) then
dx = abs(grid%xAxis(xP+1)-grid%xAxis(xP))/2.
else
dx = abs(grid%xAxis(xP+1)-grid%xAxis(xP))
end if
else if ( xP==grid%nx ) then
dx = abs(grid%xAxis(xP) -grid%xAxis(xP-1))
end if
if ( (yP>1) .and. (yP<grid%ny) ) then
dy = abs(grid%yAxis(yP+1)-grid%yAxis(yP-1))/2.
else if ( yP==1 ) then
if (lgSymmetricXYZ) then
dy = abs(grid%yAxis(yP+1)-grid%yAxis(yP))/2.
else
dy = abs(grid%yAxis(yP+1)-grid%yAxis(yP))
end if
else if ( yP==grid%ny ) then
dy = abs(grid%yAxis(yP) -grid%yAxis(yP-1))
end if
if ( (zP>1) .and. (zP<grid%nz) ) then
dz = abs(grid%zAxis(zP+1)-grid%zAxis(zP-1))/2.
else if ( zP==1 ) then
if (lgSymmetricXYZ) then
dz = abs(grid%zAxis(zP+1)-grid%zAxis(zP))/2.
else
dz = abs(grid%zAxis(zP+1)-grid%zAxis(zP))
end if
else if ( zP==grid%nz ) then
dz = abs(grid%zAxis(zP)-grid%zAxis(zP-1))
end if
dx = dx/1.e15
dy = dy/1.e15
dz = dz/1.e15
! calculate the volume
getVolumeCon = dx*dy*dz
end if
end function getVolumeCon
end module continuum_mod
|
