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//
// SignedXml.cs - SignedXml implementation for XML Signature
//
// Author:
// Sebastien Pouliot <sebastien@ximian.com>
// Atsushi Enomoto <atsushi@ximian.com>
// Tim Coleman <tim@timcoleman.com>
//
// (C) 2002, 2003 Motus Technologies Inc. (http://www.motus.com)
// Copyright (C) Tim Coleman, 2004
// Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Novell, Inc (http://www.novell.com)
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
// a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
// permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
// the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
// included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
// NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
// OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
using System.Collections;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Policy;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
#if NET_2_0
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
#endif
namespace System.Security.Cryptography.Xml {
public class SignedXml {
public const string XmlDsigCanonicalizationUrl = "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315";
public const string XmlDsigCanonicalizationWithCommentsUrl = XmlDsigCanonicalizationUrl + "#WithComments";
public const string XmlDsigDSAUrl = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "dsa-sha1";
public const string XmlDsigHMACSHA1Url = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "hmac-sha1";
public const string XmlDsigMinimalCanonicalizationUrl = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "minimal";
public const string XmlDsigNamespaceUrl = "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#";
public const string XmlDsigRSASHA1Url = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "rsa-sha1";
public const string XmlDsigSHA1Url = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "sha1";
#if NET_2_0
public const string XmlDecryptionTransformUrl = "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/decrypt#XML";
public const string XmlDsigBase64TransformUrl = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "base64";
public const string XmlDsigC14NTransformUrl = XmlDsigCanonicalizationUrl;
public const string XmlDsigC14NWithCommentsTransformUrl = XmlDsigCanonicalizationWithCommentsUrl;
public const string XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransformUrl = XmlDsigNamespaceUrl + "enveloped-signature";
public const string XmlDsigExcC14NTransformUrl = "http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#";
public const string XmlDsigExcC14NWithCommentsTransformUrl = XmlDsigExcC14NTransformUrl + "WithComments";
public const string XmlDsigXPathTransformUrl = "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116";
public const string XmlDsigXsltTransformUrl = "http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xslt-19991116";
public const string XmlLicenseTransformUrl = "urn:mpeg:mpeg21:2003:01-REL-R-NS:licenseTransform";
private EncryptedXml encryptedXml;
#endif
protected Signature m_signature;
private AsymmetricAlgorithm key;
protected string m_strSigningKeyName;
private XmlDocument envdoc;
private IEnumerator pkEnumerator;
private XmlElement signatureElement;
private Hashtable hashes;
// FIXME: enable it after CAS implementation
#if false //NET_1_1
private XmlResolver xmlResolver = new XmlSecureResolver (new XmlUrlResolver (), new Evidence ());
#else
private XmlResolver xmlResolver = new XmlUrlResolver ();
#endif
private ArrayList manifests;
#if NET_2_0
private IEnumerator _x509Enumerator;
#endif
private static readonly char [] whitespaceChars = new char [] {' ', '\r', '\n', '\t'};
public SignedXml ()
{
m_signature = new Signature ();
m_signature.SignedInfo = new SignedInfo ();
hashes = new Hashtable (2); // 98% SHA1 for now
}
public SignedXml (XmlDocument document) : this ()
{
if (document == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("document");
envdoc = document;
}
public SignedXml (XmlElement elem) : this ()
{
if (elem == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("elem");
envdoc = new XmlDocument ();
envdoc.LoadXml (elem.OuterXml);
}
#if NET_2_0
[ComVisible (false)]
public EncryptedXml EncryptedXml {
get { return encryptedXml; }
set { encryptedXml = value; }
}
#endif
public KeyInfo KeyInfo {
get {
#if NET_2_0
if (m_signature.KeyInfo == null)
m_signature.KeyInfo = new KeyInfo ();
#endif
return m_signature.KeyInfo;
}
set { m_signature.KeyInfo = value; }
}
public Signature Signature {
get { return m_signature; }
}
public string SignatureLength {
get { return m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureLength; }
}
public string SignatureMethod {
get { return m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod; }
}
public byte[] SignatureValue {
get { return m_signature.SignatureValue; }
}
public SignedInfo SignedInfo {
get { return m_signature.SignedInfo; }
}
public AsymmetricAlgorithm SigningKey {
get { return key; }
set { key = value; }
}
// NOTE: CryptoAPI related ? documented as fx internal
public string SigningKeyName {
get { return m_strSigningKeyName; }
set { m_strSigningKeyName = value; }
}
public void AddObject (DataObject dataObject)
{
m_signature.AddObject (dataObject);
}
public void AddReference (Reference reference)
{
#if NET_2_0
if (reference == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("reference");
#endif
m_signature.SignedInfo.AddReference (reference);
}
private Stream ApplyTransform (Transform t, XmlDocument input)
{
// These transformer modify input document, which should
// not affect to the input itself.
if (t is XmlDsigXPathTransform
|| t is XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform
#if NET_2_0
|| t is XmlDecryptionTransform
#endif
)
input = (XmlDocument) input.Clone ();
t.LoadInput (input);
if (t is XmlDsigEnvelopedSignatureTransform)
// It returns XmlDocument for XmlDocument input.
return CanonicalizeOutput (t.GetOutput ());
object obj = t.GetOutput ();
if (obj is Stream)
return (Stream) obj;
else if (obj is XmlDocument) {
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream ();
XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter (ms, Encoding.UTF8);
((XmlDocument) obj).WriteTo (xtw);
xtw.Flush ();
// Rewind to the start of the stream
ms.Position = 0;
return ms;
}
else if (obj == null) {
throw new NotImplementedException ("This should not occur. Transform is " + t + ".");
}
else {
// e.g. XmlDsigXPathTransform returns XmlNodeList
return CanonicalizeOutput (obj);
}
}
private Stream CanonicalizeOutput (object obj)
{
Transform c14n = GetC14NMethod ();
c14n.LoadInput (obj);
return (Stream) c14n.GetOutput ();
}
private XmlDocument GetManifest (Reference r)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument ();
doc.PreserveWhitespace = true;
if (r.Uri [0] == '#') {
// local manifest
if (signatureElement != null) {
XmlElement xel = GetIdElement (signatureElement.OwnerDocument, r.Uri.Substring (1));
if (xel == null)
throw new CryptographicException ("Manifest targeted by Reference was not found: " + r.Uri.Substring (1));
doc.LoadXml (xel.OuterXml);
FixupNamespaceNodes (xel, doc.DocumentElement);
}
}
else if (xmlResolver != null) {
// TODO: need testing
Stream s = (Stream) xmlResolver.GetEntity (new Uri (r.Uri), null, typeof (Stream));
doc.Load (s);
}
if (doc.FirstChild != null) {
// keep a copy of the manifests to check their references later
if (manifests == null)
manifests = new ArrayList ();
manifests.Add (doc);
return doc;
}
return null;
}
private void FixupNamespaceNodes (XmlElement src, XmlElement dst)
{
// add namespace nodes
foreach (XmlAttribute attr in src.SelectNodes ("namespace::*")) {
if (attr.LocalName == "xml")
continue;
if (attr.OwnerElement == src)
continue;
dst.SetAttributeNode (dst.OwnerDocument.ImportNode (attr, true) as XmlAttribute);
}
}
[MonoTODO ("Need testing")]
private byte[] GetReferenceHash (Reference r)
{
Stream s = null;
XmlDocument doc = null;
if (r.Uri == String.Empty) {
doc = envdoc;
}
else if (r.Type == XmlSignature.Uri.Manifest) {
doc = GetManifest (r);
}
else {
doc = new XmlDocument ();
doc.PreserveWhitespace = true;
string objectName = null;
if (r.Uri.StartsWith ("#xpointer")) {
string uri = string.Join ("", r.Uri.Substring (9).Split (whitespaceChars));
if (uri.Length < 2 || uri [0] != '(' || uri [uri.Length - 1] != ')')
// FIXME: how to handle invalid xpointer?
uri = String.Empty;
else
uri = uri.Substring (1, uri.Length - 2);
if (uri == "/")
doc = envdoc;
else if (uri.Length > 6 && uri.StartsWith ("id(") && uri [uri.Length - 1] == ')')
// id('foo'), id("foo")
objectName = uri.Substring (4, uri.Length - 6);
}
else if (r.Uri [0] == '#') {
objectName = r.Uri.Substring (1);
}
else if (xmlResolver != null) {
// TODO: test but doc says that Resolver = null -> no access
try {
// no way to know if valid without throwing an exception
Uri uri = new Uri (r.Uri);
s = (Stream) xmlResolver.GetEntity (uri, null, typeof (Stream));
}
catch {
// may still be a local file (and maybe not xml)
s = File.OpenRead (r.Uri);
}
}
if (objectName != null) {
foreach (DataObject obj in m_signature.ObjectList) {
if (obj.Id == objectName) {
XmlElement xel = obj.GetXml ();
doc.LoadXml (xel.OuterXml);
FixupNamespaceNodes (xel, doc.DocumentElement);
break;
}
}
}
}
if (r.TransformChain.Count > 0) {
foreach (Transform t in r.TransformChain) {
if (s == null) {
s = ApplyTransform (t, doc);
}
else {
t.LoadInput (s);
object o = t.GetOutput ();
if (o is Stream)
s = (Stream) o;
else
s = CanonicalizeOutput (o);
}
}
}
else if (s == null) {
// we must not C14N references from outside the document
// e.g. non-xml documents
if (r.Uri [0] != '#') {
s = new MemoryStream ();
doc.Save (s);
}
else {
// apply default C14N transformation
s = ApplyTransform (new XmlDsigC14NTransform (), doc);
}
}
HashAlgorithm digest = GetHash (r.DigestMethod);
return digest.ComputeHash (s);
}
private void DigestReferences ()
{
// we must tell each reference which hash algorithm to use
// before asking for the SignedInfo XML !
foreach (Reference r in m_signature.SignedInfo.References) {
// assume SHA-1 if nothing is specified
if (r.DigestMethod == null)
r.DigestMethod = XmlDsigSHA1Url;
r.DigestValue = GetReferenceHash (r);
}
}
private Transform GetC14NMethod ()
{
Transform t = (Transform) CryptoConfig.CreateFromName (m_signature.SignedInfo.CanonicalizationMethod);
if (t == null)
throw new CryptographicException ("Unknown Canonicalization Method {0}", m_signature.SignedInfo.CanonicalizationMethod);
return t;
}
private Stream SignedInfoTransformed ()
{
Transform t = GetC14NMethod ();
if (signatureElement == null) {
// when creating signatures
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument ();
doc.PreserveWhitespace = true;
doc.LoadXml (m_signature.SignedInfo.GetXml ().OuterXml);
if (envdoc != null)
foreach (XmlAttribute attr in envdoc.DocumentElement.SelectNodes ("namespace::*")) {
if (attr.LocalName == "xml")
continue;
if (attr.Prefix == doc.DocumentElement.Prefix)
continue;
doc.DocumentElement.SetAttributeNode (doc.ImportNode (attr, true) as XmlAttribute);
}
t.LoadInput (doc);
}
else {
// when verifying signatures
// TODO - check m_signature.SignedInfo.Id
XmlElement el = signatureElement.GetElementsByTagName (XmlSignature.ElementNames.SignedInfo, XmlSignature.NamespaceURI) [0] as XmlElement;
StringWriter sw = new StringWriter ();
XmlTextWriter xtw = new XmlTextWriter (sw);
xtw.WriteStartElement (el.Prefix, el.LocalName, el.NamespaceURI);
// context namespace nodes (except for "xmlns:xml")
XmlNodeList nl = el.SelectNodes ("namespace::*");
foreach (XmlAttribute attr in nl) {
if (attr.ParentNode == el)
continue;
if (attr.LocalName == "xml")
continue;
if (attr.Prefix == el.Prefix)
continue;
attr.WriteTo (xtw);
}
foreach (XmlNode attr in el.Attributes)
attr.WriteTo (xtw);
foreach (XmlNode n in el.ChildNodes)
n.WriteTo (xtw);
xtw.WriteEndElement ();
byte [] si = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes (sw.ToString ());
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream ();
ms.Write (si, 0, si.Length);
ms.Position = 0;
t.LoadInput (ms);
}
// C14N and C14NWithComments always return a Stream in GetOutput
return (Stream) t.GetOutput ();
}
// reuse hash - most document will always use the same hash
private HashAlgorithm GetHash (string algorithm)
{
HashAlgorithm hash = (HashAlgorithm) hashes [algorithm];
if (hash == null) {
hash = HashAlgorithm.Create (algorithm);
if (hash == null)
throw new CryptographicException ("Unknown hash algorithm: {0}", algorithm);
hashes.Add (algorithm, hash);
// now ready to be used
}
else {
// important before reusing an hash object
hash.Initialize ();
}
return hash;
}
public bool CheckSignature ()
{
return (CheckSignatureInternal (null) != null);
}
private bool CheckReferenceIntegrity (ArrayList referenceList)
{
if (referenceList == null)
return false;
// check digest (hash) for every reference
foreach (Reference r in referenceList) {
// stop at first broken reference
byte[] hash = GetReferenceHash (r);
if (! Compare (r.DigestValue, hash))
return false;
}
return true;
}
public bool CheckSignature (AsymmetricAlgorithm key)
{
if (key == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("key");
return (CheckSignatureInternal (key) != null);
}
private AsymmetricAlgorithm CheckSignatureInternal (AsymmetricAlgorithm key)
{
pkEnumerator = null;
if (key != null) {
// check with supplied key
if (!CheckSignatureWithKey (key))
return null;
} else {
#if NET_2_0
if (Signature.KeyInfo == null)
return null;
#else
if (Signature.KeyInfo == null)
throw new CryptographicException ("At least one KeyInfo is required.");
#endif
// no supplied key, iterates all KeyInfo
while ((key = GetPublicKey ()) != null) {
if (CheckSignatureWithKey (key)) {
break;
}
}
pkEnumerator = null;
if (key == null)
return null;
}
// some parts may need to be downloaded
// so where doing it last
if (!CheckReferenceIntegrity (m_signature.SignedInfo.References))
return null;
if (manifests != null) {
// do not use foreach as a manifest could contain manifests...
for (int i=0; i < manifests.Count; i++) {
Manifest manifest = new Manifest ((manifests [i] as XmlDocument).DocumentElement);
if (! CheckReferenceIntegrity (manifest.References))
return null;
}
}
return key;
}
// Is the signature (over SignedInfo) valid ?
private bool CheckSignatureWithKey (AsymmetricAlgorithm key)
{
if (key == null)
return false;
SignatureDescription sd = (SignatureDescription) CryptoConfig.CreateFromName (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod);
if (sd == null)
return false;
AsymmetricSignatureDeformatter verifier = (AsymmetricSignatureDeformatter) CryptoConfig.CreateFromName (sd.DeformatterAlgorithm);
if (verifier == null)
return false;
try {
verifier.SetKey (key);
verifier.SetHashAlgorithm (sd.DigestAlgorithm);
HashAlgorithm hash = GetHash (sd.DigestAlgorithm);
// get the hash of the C14N SignedInfo element
MemoryStream ms = (MemoryStream) SignedInfoTransformed ();
byte[] digest = hash.ComputeHash (ms);
return verifier.VerifySignature (digest, m_signature.SignatureValue);
}
catch {
// e.g. SignatureMethod != AsymmetricAlgorithm type
return false;
}
}
private bool Compare (byte[] expected, byte[] actual)
{
bool result = ((expected != null) && (actual != null));
if (result) {
int l = expected.Length;
result = (l == actual.Length);
if (result) {
for (int i=0; i < l; i++) {
if (expected[i] != actual[i])
return false;
}
}
}
return result;
}
public bool CheckSignature (KeyedHashAlgorithm macAlg)
{
if (macAlg == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("macAlg");
pkEnumerator = null;
// Is the signature (over SignedInfo) valid ?
Stream s = SignedInfoTransformed ();
if (s == null)
return false;
byte[] actual = macAlg.ComputeHash (s);
// HMAC signature may be partial
if (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureLength != null) {
int length = actual.Length;
try {
// SignatureLength is in bits
length = (Int32.Parse (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureLength) >> 3);
}
catch {
}
if (length != actual.Length) {
byte[] trunked = new byte [length];
Buffer.BlockCopy (actual, 0, trunked, 0, length);
actual = trunked;
}
}
if (Compare (m_signature.SignatureValue, actual)) {
// some parts may need to be downloaded
// so where doing it last
return CheckReferenceIntegrity (m_signature.SignedInfo.References);
}
return false;
}
#if NET_2_0
[MonoTODO]
[ComVisible (false)]
public bool CheckSignature (X509Certificate2 certificate, bool verifySignatureOnly)
{
throw new NotImplementedException ();
}
#endif
public bool CheckSignatureReturningKey (out AsymmetricAlgorithm signingKey)
{
signingKey = CheckSignatureInternal (null);
return (signingKey != null);
}
public void ComputeSignature ()
{
if (key != null) {
if (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod == null)
// required before hashing
m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod = key.SignatureAlgorithm;
else if (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod != key.SignatureAlgorithm)
throw new CryptographicException ("Specified SignatureAlgorithm is not supported by the signing key.");
DigestReferences ();
AsymmetricSignatureFormatter signer = null;
// in need for a CryptoConfig factory
if (key is DSA)
signer = new DSASignatureFormatter (key);
else if (key is RSA)
signer = new RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter (key);
if (signer != null) {
SignatureDescription sd = (SignatureDescription) CryptoConfig.CreateFromName (m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod);
HashAlgorithm hash = GetHash (sd.DigestAlgorithm);
// get the hash of the C14N SignedInfo element
byte[] digest = hash.ComputeHash (SignedInfoTransformed ());
signer.SetHashAlgorithm ("SHA1");
m_signature.SignatureValue = signer.CreateSignature (digest);
}
}
}
public void ComputeSignature (KeyedHashAlgorithm macAlg)
{
if (macAlg == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("macAlg");
if (macAlg is HMACSHA1) {
DigestReferences ();
m_signature.SignedInfo.SignatureMethod = XmlDsigHMACSHA1Url;
m_signature.SignatureValue = macAlg.ComputeHash (SignedInfoTransformed ());
}
else
throw new CryptographicException ("unsupported algorithm");
}
public virtual XmlElement GetIdElement (XmlDocument document, string idValue)
{
// this works only if there's a DTD or XSD available to define the ID
XmlElement xel = document.GetElementById (idValue);
if (xel == null) {
// search an "undefined" ID
xel = (XmlElement) document.SelectSingleNode ("//*[@Id='" + idValue + "']");
}
return xel;
}
// According to book ".NET Framework Security" this method
// iterates all possible keys then return null
protected virtual AsymmetricAlgorithm GetPublicKey ()
{
if (m_signature.KeyInfo == null)
return null;
if (pkEnumerator == null) {
pkEnumerator = m_signature.KeyInfo.GetEnumerator ();
}
#if NET_2_0
if (_x509Enumerator != null) {
if (_x509Enumerator.MoveNext ()) {
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) _x509Enumerator.Current;
return new X509Certificate2 (cert.GetRawCertData ()).PublicKey.Key;
} else {
_x509Enumerator = null;
}
}
#endif
while (pkEnumerator.MoveNext ()) {
AsymmetricAlgorithm key = null;
KeyInfoClause kic = (KeyInfoClause) pkEnumerator.Current;
if (kic is DSAKeyValue)
key = DSA.Create ();
else if (kic is RSAKeyValue)
key = RSA.Create ();
if (key != null) {
key.FromXmlString (kic.GetXml ().InnerXml);
return key;
}
#if NET_2_0
if (kic is KeyInfoX509Data) {
_x509Enumerator = ((KeyInfoX509Data) kic).Certificates.GetEnumerator ();
if (_x509Enumerator.MoveNext ()) {
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) _x509Enumerator.Current;
return new X509Certificate2 (cert.GetRawCertData ()).PublicKey.Key;
}
}
#endif
}
return null;
}
public XmlElement GetXml ()
{
return m_signature.GetXml (envdoc);
}
public void LoadXml (XmlElement value)
{
if (value == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException ("value");
signatureElement = value;
m_signature.LoadXml (value);
#if NET_2_0
// Need to give the EncryptedXml object to the
// XmlDecryptionTransform to give it a fighting
// chance at decrypting the document.
foreach (Reference r in m_signature.SignedInfo.References) {
foreach (Transform t in r.TransformChain) {
if (t is XmlDecryptionTransform)
((XmlDecryptionTransform) t).EncryptedXml = EncryptedXml;
}
}
#endif
}
#if NET_1_1
[ComVisible (false)]
public XmlResolver Resolver {
set { xmlResolver = value; }
}
#endif
}
}
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