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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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>initlocation</TITLE
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><H1
><SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
><H2
>Name</H2
><SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
> &#8212; Create a secondary <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> database storage area</DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>initlocation [ --location=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
> | -D <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
> ]
    [ --username=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> | -u <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> ]
    [ <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
> ]</PRE
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT2"
><H3
>Inputs</H3
><P
>&#13;<P
></P
></P><DL
><DT
>--location=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
>, -D <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
>, <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Where in your Unix filesystem do you want alternate databases to go?
The top level directory is called the <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PGDATA</TT
> directory, so you
might want to point your first alternate location at <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PGDATA2</TT
>.&#13;</P
></DD
><DT
>--username=<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>, -u <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>, <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PGUSER</TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Who will be the Unix filesystem owner of this database storage area?
The
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> superuser is a Unix user 
who owns all files that store the database
system and also owns the postmaster and backend processes that access them.
Usually, this is the user who should run <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
>
and who will thus have ownership of the directories and files.

<BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>Only the Unix superuser can create a database system with a
different user as the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> superuser.
Specifying a user other than the <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> superuser
may lead to database security and data integrity problems. Refer to the
<I
CLASS="CITETITLE"
><SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> Administrator's Guide</I
>
 for more information.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
>&#13;</P
></DD
></DL
><P>&#13;</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT2"
><H3
>Outputs</H3
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
> will create directories in 
the specified place.

<P
></P
></P><DL
><DT
>We are initializing the database area with username postgres (uid=500).
This user will own all the files and must also own the server process.
Creating Postgres database system directory <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
>
Creating Postgres database system directory <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
>Successful completion.&#13;</P
></DD
><DT
>We are initializing the database area with username postgres (uid=500).
This user will own all the files and must also own the server process.
Creating Postgres database system directory /usr/local/src/testlocation
mkdir: cannot make directory `<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
>': Permission denied</DT
><DD
><P
>You do not have filesystem permission to write to the specified directory area.&#13;</P
></DD
><DT
>Valid username not given.  You must specify the username for
the Postgres superuser for the database system you are
initializing, either with the --username option or by default
to the USER environment variable.</DT
><DD
><P
>The username which you have specified is not the
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> superuser.&#13;</P
></DD
><DT
>Can't tell what username to use.  You don't have the USER
environment variable set to your username and didn't specify the
--username option</DT
><DD
><P
>Specify the <SPAN
CLASS="OPTION"
>--username</SPAN
> command line option.&#13;</P
></DD
></DL
><P>&#13;</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><H2
>Description</H2
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
> 
creates a new <SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> secondary database storage area. 
A secondary storage area contains a required tree of directories with
the correct file permissions on those directories.&#13;</P
><P
>Creating a database storage area consists of creating the directories in which
database data might live.&#13;</P
><P
>There are two kinds of arguments for <SPAN
CLASS="APPLICATION"
>initlocation</SPAN
>.
First, you can specify an environment variable (e.g. <TT
CLASS="ENVAR"
>PGDATA2</TT
>).
This environment variable should be known to the backend for later use in
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>CREATE DATABASE/WITH LOCATION</B
>
 or 
<B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>createdb -D <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>altdir</I
></TT
></B
>.
However, <I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>the backend daemon must have this variable in it's
environment</I
> for this to succeed.

Second, you may be able to specify an explicit
absolute path to the top directory of the storage area. However,this second
option is possible only if explicitly enabled during the
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> installation. It is usually disabled
 to alleviate security and data integrity concerns.

<BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
><SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>Postgres</SPAN
> will add <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/base/</TT
>
to the specified path to create the storage area.&#13;</P
><P
>The backend requires that any argument to <SPAN
CLASS="OPTION"
>WITH LOCATION</SPAN
> which is
in all uppercase and which has no path delimiters is an environment variable.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
>&#13;</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><H2
>Usage</H2
><P
>To create a database in an alternate location, using an environment variable:

<PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>% setenv PGDATA2 /opt/postgres/data

% initlocation PGDATA2
% createdb -D PGDATA2</PRE
>&#13;</P
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