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|
NT-GUIDE(1) mrtg NT-GUIDE(1)
NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
nt-guide - The Windows NT Guide to MRTG 2.9.17
SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
Installing MRTG on an Windows NT or Windows 2000 box is
not quite as click and point as some might want it to be.
But then again it is not all that difficult if you follow
the instructions below.
PPPPRRRREEEERRRREEEEQQQQUUUUIIIISSSSIIIITTTTSSSS
To get MRTG to work on Windows NT you need the following:
+o A copy of Perl for NT from http://www.ActiveState.com
(it must be version 5.005 or better 5.6).
+o The latest version of MRTG from http://peo-
ple.ee.ethz.ch/~oetiker/webtools/mrtg/pub . look for
mrtg-2.9.17.zip or better. The archive does also con-
tain a precompiled copy of rateup.exe for Win32.
IIIINNNNSSSSTTTTAAAALLLLLLLLAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
I suggest you do the following from the machine that will
be running MRTG, which, in this case is also a web server.
All examples are for doing things to a LOCAL machine.
First
Unzip MRTG to C:\mrtg-2.9.17 on the WindowsNT machine
of your choice.
Next
Install Perl on the same Windows NT machine. You might
want to make sure that the Perl binary directory is
listed in your system path.
C:\Perl\bin;%SystemRoot%\system32;%SystemRoot%;...
You can manually check this by going to [Control
Panel]->[System]->[Environment]
To see if everything is installed properly you can open a
Command Shell and go into _c_:_\_m_r_t_g_-_2_._9_._1_7_\_b_i_n. Type:
perl mrtg
This should give you a friendly error message complaining
about the missing mrtg configuration file. Now, you have
successfully installed mrtg and perl.
CCCCOOOONNNNFFFFIIIIGGGGUUUURRRRIIIINNNNGGGG MMMMRRRRTTTTGGGG
Now it is time to walk create a configuration for
mrtg. But before we begin you need to know a few things,
take an opportunity to gather the following information:
+o The IP address or hostname of the and snmp port num-
ber, (if non standard), of the device you want to mon-
itor.
+o If you want to monitor something other than bytes in
and out, you must also know the SNMPOID of what you
want to monitor.
+o Finally you need to know the read-only SNMP community
string for your device. If you don't know it, try
ppppuuuubbbblllliiiicccc, that is the default.
For the rest of this document we will be using device
11110000....11110000....11110000....1111 ( a CISCO Catalyst 5000) with Community string
ppppuuuubbbblllliiiicccc. We are interested in monitoring traffic, and the
CPU Load. Let's begin.
The first thing we do in setting up mrtg is by making a
default config file. Get to a cmd prompt and change to
the _c_:_\_m_r_t_g_-_2_._9_._1_7_\_b_i_n directory. Type the following com-
mand:
perl cfgmaker public@10.10.10.1 --global "WorkDir: c:\www\mrtg" --output mrtg.cfg
This creates an initial MRTG config file for you. Note
that in this file all interfaces of your router will be
stored by number. Unfortunately these numbers are likely
to change when ever you reconfigure your router. So in
order to work around this you can get _c_f_g_m_a_k_e_r to produce
a configuration which is based on Ip numbers, or even
Interface Descriptions. Check the cfgmaker manpage
If you get an error message complaining about nnnnoooo ssssuuuucccchhhh nnnnaaaammmmeeee
or nnnnoooo rrrreeeessssppppoooonnnnsssseeee, your community name is probably wrong.
Now, lets take a look at the mrtg.cfg file that was cre-
ated.
In Perl a "#" is a comment, synonymous with "REM" in DOS.
Add the following to the top of the mrtg.cfg file:
WorkDir: D:\InetPub\wwwroot\MRTG
This is where the web pages are created, usually a web
root.
######################################################################
# Description: LCP SUWGB
# Contact: Administrator
# System Name: LC-Bridge
# Location: Here
#.....................................................................
TargetDevice's IP Address:Interface Number:Community:IP
Address
Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 1:public@10.10.10.1
This is the interface speed (Default is 10 megabits; for
100Mbit devices use 12500000 and so on...)
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample.device): ether0
This section determines how the web page headers will look
PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(1)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample.device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 2:public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(2)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
#---------------------------------------------------------------
And that is a very basic mrtg config file. You can run
this and see your results by going into the
_c_:_\_m_r_t_g_-_2_._9_._1_7_\_b_i_n directory and typing:
perl mrtg mrtg.cfg
It is normal to get errors for the first two times you run
this command. The errors will alert you about the fact
that there have not been any log files in existnace
before.
If you take a look at those web pages they are not real
exciting, yet. You need to have the mrtg files run every
five minutes to produce the desired results. Just run it
again after a few minutes. You should now be able to see
the first lines in your graphs.
MMMMAAAAKKKKEEEE MMMMRRRRTTTTGGGG RRRRUUUUNNNN AAAALLLLLLLL TTTTHHHHEEEE TTTTIIIIMMMMEEEE
Starting mrtg by hand every time you want to run it is not
going to make you happy I guess.
There is a special option you can set in the mrtg config-
uration file so so that mrtg will not terminate after it
was started. Instead it will wait for 5 minutes and then
run again.
Add the option
RunAsDaemon: yes
to your mrtg.cfg file and start it with:
start /Dc:\mrtg-2.9.17\bin wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
If you use wwwwppppeeeerrrrllll instead of ppppeeeerrrrllll, no console window will
show. MRTG is now running in the background. If it runns
into problems it will tell you so over the EventLog. To
stop MRTG, open the taskmanager and terminate the
wwwwppppeeeerrrrllll....eeeexxxxeeee process. If mrtg has anything to tell you these
messages can be found in the eventlog.
If you put a shortcut with
Target: wperl mrtg --logging=eventlog mrtg.cfg
Start in: c:\mrtg-2.9.17\bin
into your startup folder, mrtg will now start whever you
login to your NT box.
If you do not want to log into your NT box just to start
mrtg. Have a look at http://www.firedaemon.com/mrtg-
howto.html which describes a free tool to start any pro-
gram as a Service. The pages gives specific instructions
for mrtg users.
EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEE
Now lets look at a config file to monitor what we wanted
to on our mythical Cisco Cat 5000 -- utilization on ports
3, 5, 10, and 24, and the CPU Load, which will show us
nonstandard mrtg configurations as well as more options..
WorkDir: D:\InetPub\wwwroot\MRTG
######################################################################
# Description: LCP SUWGB
# Contact: Administrator
# System Name: LC-Bridge
# Location: Here
#.....................................................................
Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 3:public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(3)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
#---------------------------------------------------------------
Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 5:public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(5)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
#---------------------------------------------------------------
Target[10.10.10.1.1]: 10:public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.1]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.1]: LC-Bridge (sample-device): ether0
PageTop[10.10.10.1.1]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ether0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ether0(10)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>sample-device(10.10.10.1)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
#---------------------------------------------------------------
Target[10.10.10.1.2]: 24:public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[10.10.10.1.2]: 1250000
Title[10.10.10.1.2]: LC-Bridge (): ulink0
PageTop[10.10.10.1.2]: <H1>Traffic Analysis for ulink0</H1>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>System:</TD><TD>LC-Bridge inAndover</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Maintainer:</TD><TD>Administrator</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Interface:</TD><TD>ulink0(24)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>IP:</TD><TD>()</TD></TR>
<TR><TD>Max Speed:</TD>
<TD>1250.0 kBytes/s (ethernetCsmacd)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
#---------------------------------------------------------------
# Router CPU load %
Target[cpu.1]:1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0&1.3.6.1.4.1.9.2.1.58.0:public@10.10.10.1
RouterUptime[cpu.1]: public@10.10.10.1
MaxBytes[cpu.1]: 100
Title[cpu.1]: CPU LOAD
PageTop[cpu.1]: <H1>CPU Load %</H1>
Unscaled[cpu.1]: ymwd
ShortLegend[cpu.1]: %
XSize[cpu.1]: 380
YSize[cpu.1]: 100
YLegend[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization
Legend1[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
Legend2[cpu.1]: CPU Utilization in % (Load)
Legend3[cpu.1]:
Legend4[cpu.1]:
LegendI[cpu.1]:
LegendO[cpu.1]: Usage
Options[cpu.1]: gauge
This is a nice example of how to monitor any SNMP device
if you know what OID you want to use. Once again, For an
explanation of the more advance features of mrtg, please
see Tobias's documentation.
AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRRSSSS
David S. Divins <ddivins@moon.jic.com>, Steve Pierce
<MRTG@HDL.com>, Tobi Oeitker <oetiker@ee.ethz.ch>
2001-06-05 2.9.17 NT-GUIDE(1)
|
