/* Copyright (c) 2008-2022 the MRtrix3 contributors.
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * Covered Software is provided under this License on an "as is"
 * basis, without warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, or
 * statutory, including, without limitation, warranties that the
 * Covered Software is free of defects, merchantable, fit for a
 * particular purpose or non-infringing.
 * See the Mozilla Public License v. 2.0 for more details.
 *
 * For more details, see http://www.mrtrix.org/.
 */

#ifndef __progressbar_h__
#define __progressbar_h__

#include <string>
#include <memory>
#include <mutex>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <chrono>


#include "mrtrix.h"
#include "timer.h"
#include "types.h"
#include "math/math.h"
#include "debug.h"

#define BUSY_INTERVAL 0.1

namespace MR
{


  //! implements a progress meter to provide feedback to the user
  /*! The ProgressBar class displays a text message along with a indication of
   * the progress status. For command-line applications, this will be shown on
   * the terminal. For GUI applications, this will be shown as a graphical
   * progress bar.
   *
   * It has two modes of operation:
   * - percentage completion: if the maximum value is non-zero, then the
   * percentage completed will be displayed. Each call to
   * ProgressBar::operator++() will increment the value by one, and the
   * percentage displayed is computed from the current value with respect to
   * the maximum specified.
   * - busy indicator: if the maximum value is set to zero, then a 'busy'
   * indicator will be shown instead. For the command-line version, this
   * consists of a dot moving from side to side.
   *
   * Other implementations can be created by overriding the display_func() and
   * done_func() static functions. These functions will then be used throughout
   * the application.  */
  class ProgressBar { NOMEMALIGN
    public:

      //! Create an unusable ProgressBar.
      ProgressBar () : show (false) { }
      ProgressBar (const ProgressBar& p) = delete;
      ProgressBar (ProgressBar&& p) = default;

      FORCE_INLINE ~ProgressBar  () {
        done();
      }

      //! Create a new ProgressBar, displaying the specified text.
      /*! If \a target is unspecified or set to zero, the ProgressBar will
       * display a busy indicator, updated at regular time intervals.
       * Otherwise, the ProgressBar will display the percentage completed,
       * computed from the number of times the ProgressBar::operator++()
       * function was called relative to the value specified with \a target. */
      ProgressBar (const std::string& text, size_t target = 0, int log_level = 1);

      //! returns whether the progress will be shown
      /*! The progress may not be shown if the -quiet option has been supplied
       * to the application.
        * \returns true if the progress will be shown, false otherwise. */
      FORCE_INLINE operator bool () const {
        return show;
      }

      //! returns whether the progress will be shown
      /*! The progress may not be shown if the -quiet option has been supplied
       * to the application.
       * \returns true if the progress will not be shown, false otherwise. */
      FORCE_INLINE bool operator! () const {
        return !show;
      }

      FORCE_INLINE size_t value () const { return _value; }
      FORCE_INLINE size_t count () const { return current_val; }
      FORCE_INLINE bool show_percent () const { return _multiplier; }
      FORCE_INLINE bool text_has_been_modified () const { return _text_has_been_modified; }
      FORCE_INLINE const std::string& text () const { return _text; }
      FORCE_INLINE const std::string& ellipsis () const { return _ellipsis; }

      //! set the maximum target value of the ProgressBar
      /*! This function should only be called if the ProgressBar has been
       * created with a non-zero target value. In other words, the ProgressBar
       * has been created to display a percentage value, rather than a busy
       * indicator. */
      FORCE_INLINE void set_max (size_t new_target);

      FORCE_INLINE void set_text (const std::string& new_text);

      //! update text displayed and optionally increment counter
      /*! This expects a function, functor or lambda function that should
       * return a std::string to replace the text. This functor will only be
       * called when necessary, i.e. when BUSY_INTERVAL time has elapsed, or if
       * the percentage value to display has changed. The reason for passing a
       * functor rather than the text itself is to minimise the overhead of
       * forming the string in cases where this is sufficiently expensive to
       * impact performance if invoked every iteration. By passing a function,
       * this operation is only performed when strictly necessary.
       *
       * The simplest way to use this method is using C++11 lambda functions,
       * for example:
       * \code
       * progress.update ([&](){ return "current energy = " + str(energy_value); });
       * \endcode
       *
       * \note due to this lazy update, the text is not guaranteed to be up to
       * date by the time processing is finished. If this is important, you
       * should also use the set_text() method to set the final text displayed
       * before the ProgressBar's done() function is called (typically in the
       * destructor when it goes out of scope).*/
      template <class TextFunc>
        FORCE_INLINE void update (TextFunc&& text_func, bool increment = true);

      //! increment the current value by one.
      FORCE_INLINE void operator++ ();
      FORCE_INLINE void operator++ (int) { ++ (*this); }

      FORCE_INLINE void done () {
        if (show) {
          done_func (*this);
          progressbar_active = false;
        }
      }

      template <class ThreadType>
        void run_update_thread (const ThreadType& threads) const;

      struct SwitchToMultiThreaded { NOMEMALIGN
        SwitchToMultiThreaded ();
        ~SwitchToMultiThreaded ();
      };



      static bool set_update_method ();
      static void (*display_func) (const ProgressBar& p);
      static void (*done_func) (const ProgressBar& p);
      static void (*previous_display_func) (const ProgressBar& p);

      static std::condition_variable notifier;
      static bool notification_is_genuine;
      static std::mutex mutex;;
      static void* data;

      mutable bool first_time;
      mutable size_t last_value;

    private:

      const bool show;
      std::string _text, _ellipsis;
      size_t _value, current_val, next_percent;
      double next_time;
      float _multiplier;
      Timer timer;
      bool _text_has_been_modified;

      FORCE_INLINE void display_now () { display_func (*this); }

      static bool progressbar_active;
  };










  FORCE_INLINE ProgressBar::ProgressBar (const std::string& text, size_t target, int log_level) :
    first_time (true),
    last_value (0),
    show (std::this_thread::get_id() == ::MR::App::main_thread_ID && !progressbar_active && App::log_level >= log_level),
    _text (text),
    _ellipsis ("..."),
    _value (0),
    current_val (0),
    next_percent (0),
    next_time (0.0),
    _multiplier (0.0),
    _text_has_been_modified (false) {
      if (show) {
        set_max (target);
        progressbar_active = true;
      }
    }




  inline void ProgressBar::set_max (size_t target)
  {
    if (!show)
      return;
    if (target) {
      _multiplier = 0.01 * target;
    }
    else {
      _multiplier = 0.0;
      timer.start();
    }
  }



  FORCE_INLINE void ProgressBar::set_text (const std::string& new_text)
  {
    if (!show)
      return;
    _text_has_been_modified = true;
    if (new_text.size()) {
#ifdef MRTRIX_WINDOWS
      size_t old_size = _text.size();
#endif
      _text = new_text;
#ifdef MRTRIX_WINDOWS
      if (_text.size() < old_size)
        _text.resize (old_size, ' ');
#endif
    }
  }





  template <class TextFunc>
    FORCE_INLINE void ProgressBar::update (TextFunc&& text_func, const bool increment)
    {
      if (!show)
        return;
      double time = timer.elapsed();
      if (increment && _multiplier) {
        if (++current_val >= next_percent) {
          set_text (text_func());
          _ellipsis.clear();
          _value = std::round (current_val / _multiplier);
          next_percent = std::ceil ((_value+1) * _multiplier);
          next_time = time;
          display_now();
          return;
        }
      }
      if (time >= next_time) {
        set_text (text_func());
        _ellipsis.clear();
        if (_multiplier)
          next_time = time + BUSY_INTERVAL;
        else {
          _value = time / BUSY_INTERVAL;
          do { next_time += BUSY_INTERVAL; }
          while (next_time <= time);
        }
        display_now();
      }
    }




  FORCE_INLINE void ProgressBar::operator++ ()
  {
    if (!show)
      return;
    if (_multiplier) {
      if (++current_val >= next_percent) {
        _value = std::round (current_val / _multiplier);
        next_percent = std::ceil ((_value+1) * _multiplier);
        display_now();
      }
    }
    else {
      double time = timer.elapsed();
      if (time >= next_time) {
        _value = time / BUSY_INTERVAL;
        do { next_time += BUSY_INTERVAL; }
        while (next_time <= time);
        display_now();
      }
    }
  }





  template <class ThreadType>
    inline void ProgressBar::run_update_thread (const ThreadType& threads) const
    {
      if (!show)
        return;
      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock (mutex);
      while (!threads.finished()) {
        notifier.wait_for (lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(1), []{ return notification_is_genuine; });
        if (notification_is_genuine) {
          previous_display_func (*this);
          notification_is_genuine = false;
        }
      }
    }

}

#endif