File: mysqld.cc

package info (click to toggle)
mysql-8.0 8.0.44-1
links: PTS, VCS
area: main
in suites: sid
size: 1,272,892 kB
sloc: cpp: 4,685,345; ansic: 412,712; pascal: 108,395; java: 83,641; perl: 30,221; cs: 27,067; sql: 26,594; python: 21,816; sh: 17,285; yacc: 17,169; php: 11,522; xml: 7,388; javascript: 7,083; makefile: 1,793; lex: 1,075; awk: 670; asm: 520; objc: 183; ruby: 97; lisp: 86
file content (12622 lines) | stat: -rw-r--r-- 472,419 bytes
/* Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0,
  as published by the Free Software Foundation.

  This program is designed to work with certain software (including
  but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms,
  as designated in a particular file or component or in included license
  documentation.  The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional
  permission to link the program and your derivative works with the
  separately licensed software that they have either included with
  the program or referenced in the documentation.

  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301  USA */

/**
  @file sql/mysqld.cc
  MySQL server daemon.
*/

/* clang-format off */
/**
  @mainpage Welcome

  Welcome to the MySQL source code documentation.

  This documentation covers primarily the MySQL server,
  for the @c mysqld process.

  Other programs, like the MySQL Router, are also documented,
  see the @ref PAGE_SERVER_TOOLS section.

  The order chosen to present the content is to start with low level components,
  and build upon previous sections, so that code is presented in a logical order.

  For some sections, a full article (Doxygen 'page') presents the component in detail.

  For other sections, only links are provided, as a starting point into the component.

  For the user manual, see http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/

  For the internals manual, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/index.html

  This documentation is published for each release, starting with MySQL 8.0.

  The present document corresponds to:

  Document generated on: ${DOXYGEN_GENERATION_DATE},
  branch: ${DOXYGEN_GENERATION_BRANCH},
  revision: ${DOXYGEN_GENERATION_REVISION}

  For the latest available version, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/dev/mysql-server/latest/

  For other versions, see https://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-archive.html
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_GET_STARTED Getting Started

  - @ref start_source
  - @subpage PAGE_CODING_GUIDELINES
  - @ref start_debug

  @section start_source Build from source

  See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/source-installation.html

  @section start_debug Debugging

  The easiest way to install a server, and attach a debugger to it,
  is to start the mysql-test-run (MTR) tool with debugging options

  @verbatim
  cd mysql-test
  ./mtr --ddd main.parser
  @endverbatim

  The following functions are good candidates for breakpoints:
  - #my_message_sql
  - #dispatch_command

  Replace 'main.parser' with another test script, or write your own, to debug a specific area.
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_CODING_GUIDELINES Coding Guidelines

  This section shows the guidelines that MySQL developers
  follow when writing new code.

  New MySQL code uses the Google C++ coding style
  (https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html), with two
  exceptions:

  - Member variable names: Do not use foo_. Instead, use
    m_foo (non-static) or s_foo (static).

  - Do not use non-const references as function parameters, even if they
    are optional. Instead, use pointers for in/out and output parameters.
    (This matches an older version of the Google style guide.) Do not use
    references, whether const or non-const, as struct or class members.

  Old projects and modifications to old code use an older MySQL-specific
  style for the time being. Since 8.0, MySQL style uses the same formatting
  rules as Google coding style (e.g., brace placement, indentation, line
  lengths, etc.), but differs in a few important aspects:

  - Class names: Do not use MyClass. Instead, use My_class.

  - Function names: Use snake_case().

  - Comment Style: Use either the // or <em>/</em>* *<em>/</em> syntax. // is
    much more common but both syntaxes are permitted for the time being.

  - Doxygen comments: Use <em>/</em>** ... *<em>/</em> syntax and not ///.

  - Doxygen commands: Use '@' and not '\' for doxygen commands.

  - You may see structs starting with st_ and being typedef-ed to some
    UPPERCASE (e.g. typedef struct st_foo { ... } FOO). However,
    this is legacy from when the codebase contained C. Do not make such new
    typedefs nor structs with st_ prefixes, and feel free to remove those that
    already exist, except in public header files that are part of libmysql
    (which need to be parseable as C99).


  Code formatting is enforced by use of clang-format throughout the code
  base. However, note that formatting is only one part of coding style;
  you are required to take care of non-formatting issues yourself, such as
  following naming conventions, having clear ownership of code or minimizing
  the use of macros. See the Google coding style guide for the entire list.

  Consistent style is important for us, because everyone must know what to
  expect. Knowing our rules, you'll find it easier to read our code, and when
  you decide to contribute (which we hope you'll consider!) we'll find it
  easier to read and review your code.

  - @subpage GENERAL_DEVELOPMENT_GUIDELINES
  - @subpage DBUG_TAGS

*/

/**
  @page PAGE_INFRASTRUCTURE Infrastructure

  @section infra_basic Basic classes and templates

  @subsection infra_basic_container Container

  See #DYNAMIC_ARRAY, #List, #I_P_List, #LF_HASH.

  @subsection infra_basic_syncho Synchronization

  See #native_mutex_t, #native_rw_lock_t, #native_cond_t.

  @subsection infra_basic_fileio File IO

  See #my_open, #my_dir.

  @section infra_server_blocks Server building blocks

  @subsection infra_server_blocks_vio Virtual Input Output

  See #Vio, #vio_init.

  @section deployment Deployment

  @subsection deploy_install Installation

  See #opt_initialize, #bootstrap::run_bootstrap_thread.

  @subsection deploy_startup Startup

  See #mysqld_main.

  @subsection deploy_shutdown Shutdown

  See #handle_fatal_signal, #signal_hand.

  @subsection deploy_upgrade Upgrade

  See #Mysql::Tools::Upgrade::Program.

*/

/**
  @page PAGE_PROTOCOL Client/Server Protocol

  @section protocol_overview Overview

  The MySQL protocol is used between MySQL Clients and a MySQL Server.
  It is implemented by:
    - Connectors (Connector/C, Connector/J, and so forth)
    - MySQL Proxy
    - Communication between master and slave replication servers

  The protocol supports these features:
    - Transparent encryption using SSL
    - Transparent compression
    - A @ref page_protocol_connection_phase where capabilities and
      authentication data are exchanged
    - A @ref page_protocol_command_phase which accepts commands
      from the client and executes them

  Further reading:
    - @subpage page_protocol_basics
    - @subpage page_protocol_connection_lifecycle
*/

/** @page page_mysqlx_protocol X %Protocol

@par Topics in this section:

- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_lifecycle
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_authentication
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_messages
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_expectations
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_notices
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_xplugin
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_use_cases
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_implementation
- @subpage mysqlx_protocol_comparison
- @subpage mysqlx_community_connector

The X %Protocol is implemented by the X Plugin and the following
MySQL clients support the protocol:

-  MYSQLXSHELL

-  MySQL for Visual Studio 2.0.2 or higher

-  MySQL Connector/J 6.0.2 or higher

-  MySQL Connector/Net 7.0.2 or higher

-  MySQL Connector/Node.js
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_SQL_EXECUTION SQL Query Execution

  @section sql_query_exec_parsing SQL Parsing

  The parser processes SQL strings and builds a tree representation of them.

  See @ref GROUP_PARSER.

  @subpage PAGE_SQL_Optimizer

  @subpage stored_programs

  @section sql_query_exec_prepared Prepared statements

  See #mysql_stmt_prepare

  @section func_stored_proc Stored procedures

  See #sp_head, #sp_instr.

  @section sql_query_exec_sql_functions SQL Functions

  See #Item_func

  @section sql_query_exec_error_handling Error handling

  See #my_message, #my_error

  @subpage PAGE_TXN

*/

/**
  @page PAGE_STORAGE Data Storage

  @section storage_innodb Innodb

  See #ha_innobase or read details about InnoDB internals:
  - @subpage PAGE_INNODB_PFS
  - @subpage PAGE_INNODB_REDO_LOG
  - @subpage PAGE_INNODB_LOCK_SYS
  - @subpage PAGE_INNODB_UTILS

  @section storage_temptable Temp table

  Before 8.0, temporary tables were handled by heap engine.
  The heap engine had no feature to store bigger tables on disk.

  Since 8.0, there is a brand new temptable engine, which
  is written from scratch using c++11. It has following advantages:
  - it is able to store bigger tables on disk (in temporary files),
  - it uses row format with variable size (can save memory for varchars),
  - it is better designed (easier to maintain).

  @subpage PAGE_TEMPTABLE

*/


/**
  @page PAGE_REPLICATION Replication

  @subpage PAGE_RPL_FIELD_METADATA

*/

/**
  @page PAGE_TXN Transactions

  See #trans_begin, #trans_commit, #trans_rollback.
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_SECURITY Security

  @subpage AUTHORIZATION_PAGE
  @subpage PAGE_KEYRING_COMPONENT
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_MONITORING Monitoring

  @subpage PAGE_PFS
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_EXTENDING Extending MySQL

  Components
  ----------

  MySQL 8.0 introduces support for extending the server through components.
  Components can communicate with other components through service APIs.
  And can provide implementations of service APIs for other components to use.
  All components are equal and can communicate with all other components.
  Service implementations can be found by name via a registry service handle
  which is passed to the component initialization function.
  There can be multiple service API implementations for a single service API.
  One of them is the default implementation.
  Service API are stateless by definition. If they need to handle state or
  object instances they need to do so by using factory methods and instance
  handles.

  To ease up transition to the component model the current server
  functionality (server proper and plugins) is contained within
  a dedicated built in server component. The server component currently
  contains all of the functionality provided by the server and
  classical server plugins.

  More components can be installed via the "INSTALL COMPONENT" SQL command.

  The component infrastructure is designed as a replacement for the classical
  MySQL plugin system as it does not suffer from some of the limitations of it
  and provides better isolation for the component code.

  See @subpage PAGE_COMPONENTS.

  Plugins and Services
  --------------------

  As of MySQL 5.1 the server functionality can be extended through
  installing (dynamically or statically linked) extra code modules
  called plugins.

  The server defines a set of well known plugin APIs that the modules
  can implement.

  To allow plugins to reuse server code the server exposes a pre-defined
  set of functions to plugins called plugin services.

  See the following for more details:
  - @subpage page_ext_plugins
  - @subpage page_ext_plugin_services


  User Defined Functions
  ----------------------

  Native code user defined functions can be added to MySQL server using
  the CREATE FUNCTION ... SONAME syntax.

  These can co-exit with @ref page_ext_plugins or reside in their own
  separate binaries.

  To learn how to create these user defined functions see @subpage page_ext_udf
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_SERVICES Available services

  @subpage PAGE_TABLE_ACCESS_SERVICE
  @subpage PAGE_MYSQL_SERVER_TELEMETRY_TRACES_SERVICE
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_SERVER_TOOLS Server tools

  - @subpage PAGE_MYSQL_ROUTER
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_CLIENT_TOOLS Client tools

  See mysqldump.cc mysql.cc
*/


/**
  @page PAGE_TESTING_TOOLS Testing Tools

  - @subpage PAGE_MYSQL_TEST_RUN
  - @subpage PAGE_COMPONENT_MOCK_UNIT_TEST_TOOLS
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_DEV_TOOLS Development Tools

  - @subpage PAGE_LOCK_ORDER
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_CODE_PATHS Code paths

  This section details how the server executes some statements,
  to illustrate how different parts work together.

  Note that this overall view might take some shortcuts,
  hiding some details or taking liberties with the notations,
  to present the whole code structure in a comprehensible way.

  - @subpage CODE_PATH_CREATE_TABLE
*/

/**
  @page CODE_PATH_CREATE_TABLE CREATE TABLE

  @section CREATE_TABLE_PARSER Parser

  @startuml

  actor ddl as "CREATE TABLE Query"
  participant server as "MySQL Server"
  participant parser as "SQL Parser"
  participant bison as "Bison Parser"
  participant lexer as "Lexical Scanner"
  participant pt as "Parse Tree Nodes"

  ddl -> server : DDL QUERY TEXT
  server -> parser : THD::sql_parser()
  == Bison parser ==
  parser -> bison : MYSQLparse()
  bison -> lexer : MYSQLlex()
  bison <-- lexer : yylval, yylloc
  bison -> pt : new
  activate pt
  parser <-- pt : Abstract Syntax Tree

  @enduml

  When a query is sent to the server,
  the first step is to invoke the bison parser
  to build an Abstract Syntax Tree to represent the query text.

  Assume the following statement:
  @verbatim
  CREATE TABLE test.t1 (a int) ENGINE = "INNODB";
  @endverbatim

  In the bison grammar file, the rule implementing the CREATE TABLE
  statement is @c create_table_stmt.

  The tree created is an object of class @ref PT_create_table_stmt.

  This parse tree node has several related nodes, such as:
  - @ref PT_create_table_option and sub classes, for table options.
  - @ref PT_table_element and sub classes, for the columns, indexes, etc.

  The collection of nodes returned after the bison parsing is known
  as the "Abstract Syntax Tree" that represents a SQL query.

  @section CREATE_TABLE_CMD Sql command

  @startuml

  actor ddl as "CREATE TABLE Query"
  participant server as "MySQL Server"
  participant parser as "SQL Parser"
  participant ast as "Abstract Syntax Tree"
  participant cmd as "SQL Command"
  participant ci as "HA_CREATE_INFO"
  participant plugin as "MySQL plugin"

  ddl -> server : DDL QUERY TEXT
  server -> parser : THD::sql_parser()
  == Bison parser ==
  == Build SQL command ==
  parser -> ast : make_cmd()
  ast -> ast : contextualize()
  ast -> ci : build()
  activate ci
  ci -> plugin : ha_resolve_engine()
  ci <-- plugin : storage engine handlerton
  ast <-- ci : Parse Tree (contextualized)
  ast -> cmd : build()
  activate cmd
  server <-- cmd : SQL Command

  @enduml

  Once the bison parser has finished parsing a query text,
  the next step is to build a SQL command from the Abstract Syntax Tree.

  In the Abstract Syntax Tree, attributes like a storage engine name
  ("INNODB") are represented as strings, taken from the query text.

  These attributes need to be converted to objects in the SQL context,
  such as an @ref innodb_hton pointer to represent the INNODB storage engine.

  The process that performs these transformations is contextualize().

  The @ref Parse_tree_root class is an abstract factory, building @ref Sql_cmd
  objects.

  For a CREATE TABLE statement, class @ref PT_create_table_stmt builds a
  concrete @ref Sql_cmd_create_table object.

  @ref PT_create_table_stmt::make_cmd() in particular performs the following
  actions:
  - contextualize the parse tree for the CREATE TABLE statement.
  - build a @ref HA_CREATE_INFO structure to represent the table DDL.
  - resolve the storage engine name to an actual @ref handlerton pointer,
    in @ref PT_create_table_engine_option::contextualize()

  @section CREATE_TABLE_RUNTIME Runtime execution

  @startuml

  actor ddl as "CREATE TABLE Query"
  participant server as "MySQL Server"
  participant cmd as "SQL Command"
  participant rt as "Runtime"

  ddl -> server : DDL QUERY TEXT
  == Bison parser ==
  == Build SQL command ==
  == Execute SQL command ==
  server -> cmd : execute()
  cmd -> rt : mysql_create_table()

  @enduml

  Execution of a CREATE TABLE statement invokes
  @ref Sql_cmd_create_table::execute(),
  which in turns calls:
  - @ref mysql_create_table(),
  - @ref mysql_create_table_no_lock(),
  - @ref create_table_impl(),
  - @ref rea_create_base_table().

  Execution of this code is the runtime implementation of the CREATE TABLE
  statement, and eventually leads to:
  - @ref dd::create_table(), to create the table in the Data Dictionary,
  - @ref ha_create_table(), to create the table in the handlerton.

  Details about the dictionary and the storage engine are expanded
  in the following two sections.


  @section CREATE_TABLE_DD Data Dictionary

  @startuml

  actor ddl as "CREATE TABLE Query"
  participant server as "MySQL Server"
  participant rt as "Runtime"
  participant dd as "Data Dictionary"
  participant ddt as "Data Dictionary Table"
  participant sdi as "Serialized Dictionary Information"
  participant hton as "Handlerton"
  participant se as "Storage Engine"
  participant ts as "Tablespace"

  ddl -> server : DDL QUERY TEXT
  == ... ==
  server -> rt : ( execution code path )
  == Data Dictionary ==
  rt -> dd : dd::create_table()
  dd -> ddt : build dd::Table()
  activate ddt
  rt <-- ddt : dd:Table instance
  == Serialized Dictionary Information ==
  rt -> dd : store()
  dd -> sdi : dd::sdi::store()
  sdi -> sdi : sdi_tablespace::store_tbl_sdi()
  == Storage Engine (Tablespace) ==
  sdi -> hton : handlerton::sdi()
  hton -> se : ::sdi() implementation.
  se -> ts : write metadata in tablespace

  @enduml

  In the data dictionary, creation of a new table calls:
  - @ref dd::create_dd_user_table()
  - @ref fill_dd_table_from_create_info()

  The data dictionary code parses the content of the HA_CREATE_INFO
  input, and builds a @ref dd::Table object, to represent the table metadata.
  Part of this metadata includes the storage engine name.

  The runtime code then calls @c store() to save this new metadata.

  To store a table metadata, the data dictionary code first serialize it
  into an sdi format.

  The serialized object is then stored in persistence,
  either in a tablespace or in a file:
  - @ref sdi_tablespace::store_tbl_sdi()
  - @ref sfi_file::store_tbl_sdi()

  When storing data into a tablespace, the storage engine handlerton is
  invoked, so that the storage engine can ultimately store
  the table metadata in the tablespace maintained by the storage engine.

  @section CREATE_TABLE_SE Storage Engine

  @startuml

  actor ddl as "CREATE TABLE Query"
  participant server as "MySQL Server"
  participant rt as "Runtime"
  participant sei as "Storage Engine Interface"
  participant hton as "Storage Engine Handlerton"
  participant handler as "Storage Engine Handler"

  ddl -> server : DDL QUERY TEXT
  == ... ==
  server -> rt : ( execution code path )
  == Storage Engine (table) ==
  rt -> sei : ha_create_table()
  sei -> hton : handlerton::create()
  hton -> handler : (build a new table handler)
  activate handler
  sei <-- handler : storage engine table handler
  sei -> handler : handler::create()

  @enduml

  When execution of the CREATE TABLE statement
  reaches the storage engine interface,
  the SQL layer function @ref ha_create_table()
  invokes the storage engine @ref handlerton::create()
  method to instantiate a new storage engine table,
  represented by @ref handler.
  The SQL layer then calls @ref handler::create() to create
  the table inside the storage engine.
*/

/**
  @page PAGE_SQL_Optimizer SQL Optimizer

  The task of query optimizer is to determine the most efficient means for
  executing queries. The query optimizer consists of the following
  sub-modules:

  - @ref Query_Resolver
  - @ref Query_Optimizer
  - @ref Query_Planner
  - @ref Query_Executor

  @subpage PAGE_OPT_TRACE

  Additional articles about the query optimizer:

  - @ref PAGE_OPT_TRACE
  - @ref AGGREGATE_CHECKS
*/
/* clang-format on */

#define LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG "Server"

#include "sql/mysqld.h"

#include "my_config.h"

#include "errmsg.h"  // init_client_errs
#include "ft_global.h"
#ifdef _WIN32
#include "jemalloc_win.h"
#endif
#include "keycache.h"  // KEY_CACHE
#include "libbinlogevents/include/binlog_event.h"
#include "libbinlogevents/include/control_events.h"
#include "m_string.h"
#include "migrate_keyring.h"  // Migrate_keyring
#include "my_alloc.h"
#include "my_base.h"
#include "my_bitmap.h"  // MY_BITMAP
#include "my_command.h"
#include "my_compiler.h"
#include "my_dbug.h"
#include "my_default.h"  // print_defaults
#include "my_dir.h"
#include "my_getpwnam.h"
#include "my_loglevel.h"
#include "my_macros.h"
#include "my_shm_defaults.h"  // IWYU pragma: keep
#include "my_stacktrace.h"    // my_set_exception_pointers
#include "my_thread_local.h"
#include "my_time.h"
#include "my_timer.h"  // my_timer_initialize
#include "myisam.h"
#include "mysql/components/services/bits/psi_bits.h"
#include "mysql/components/services/log_builtins.h"
#include "mysql/components/services/log_shared.h"
#include "mysql/components/services/mysql_runtime_error_service.h"
#include "mysql/plugin.h"
#include "mysql/plugin_audit.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_cond.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_file.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_memory.h"  // mysql_memory_init
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_mutex.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_rwlock.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_socket.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_stage.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_statement.h"
#include "mysql/psi/mysql_thread.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_cond.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_data_lock.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_error.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_file.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_idle.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_mdl.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_memory.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_mutex.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_rwlock.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_socket.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_stage.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_statement.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_system.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_table.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_thread.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_tls_channel.h"
#include "mysql/psi/psi_transaction.h"
#include "mysql/service_mysql_alloc.h"
#include "mysql/thread_type.h"
#include "mysql_com.h"
#include "mysql_time.h"
#include "mysql_version.h"
#include "mysqld_error.h"
#include "mysys/build_id.h"
#include "mysys_err.h"  // EXIT_OUT_OF_MEMORY
#include "pfs_thread_provider.h"
#include "print_version.h"
#include "scope_guard.h"                            // create_scope_guard()
#include "server_component/log_sink_buffer.h"       // log_error_stage_set()
#include "server_component/log_sink_perfschema.h"   // log_error_read_log()
#include "server_component/log_sink_trad.h"         // log_sink_trad()
#include "server_component/log_source_backtrace.h"  // log_error_read_backtrace()
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <shellapi.h>
#endif
#include "sql/auth/auth_common.h"         // grant_init
#include "sql/auth/sql_authentication.h"  // init_rsa_keys
#include "sql/auth/sql_security_ctx.h"
#include "sql/auto_thd.h"   // Auto_THD
#include "sql/binlog.h"     // mysql_bin_log
#include "sql/bootstrap.h"  // bootstrap
#include "sql/check_stack.h"
#include "sql/conn_handler/connection_acceptor.h"  // Connection_acceptor
#include "sql/conn_handler/connection_handler_impl.h"  // Per_thread_connection_handler
#include "sql/conn_handler/connection_handler_manager.h"  // Connection_handler_manager
#include "sql/conn_handler/socket_connection.h"  // stmt_info_new_packet
#include "sql/current_thd.h"                     // current_thd
#include "sql/dd/cache/dictionary_client.h"
#include "sql/debug_sync.h"  // debug_sync_end
#include "sql/derror.h"
#include "sql/event_data_objects.h"  // init_scheduler_psi_keys
#include "sql/events.h"              // Events
#include "sql/handler.h"
#include "sql/hostname_cache.h"  // hostname_cache_init
#include "sql/init.h"            // unireg_init
#include "sql/item.h"
#include "sql/item_cmpfunc.h"  // Arg_comparator
#include "sql/item_create.h"
#include "sql/item_func.h"
#include "sql/item_strfunc.h"  // Item_func_uuid
#include "sql/keycaches.h"     // get_or_create_key_cache
#include "sql/log.h"
#include "sql/log_event.h"  // Rows_log_event
#include "sql/log_resource.h"
#include "sql/mdl.h"
#include "sql/mdl_context_backup.h"  // mdl_context_backup_manager
#include "sql/my_decimal.h"
#include "sql/mysqld_daemon.h"
#include "sql/mysqld_thd_manager.h"              // Global_THD_manager
#include "sql/opt_costconstantcache.h"           // delete_optimizer_cost_module
#include "sql/options_mysqld.h"                  // OPT_THREAD_CACHE_SIZE
#include "sql/partitioning/partition_handler.h"  // partitioning_init
#include "sql/persisted_variable.h"              // Persisted_variables_cache
#include "sql/plugin_table.h"
#include "sql/protocol.h"
#include "sql/psi_memory_key.h"  // key_memory_MYSQL_RELAY_LOG_index
#include "sql/query_options.h"
#include "sql/range_optimizer/range_optimizer.h"    // range_optimizer_init
#include "sql/replication.h"                        // thd_enter_cond
#include "sql/resourcegroups/resource_group_mgr.h"  // init, post_init
#ifdef _WIN32
#include "sql/restart_monitor_win.h"
#endif
#include "my_openssl_fips.h"  // OPENSSL_ERROR_LENGTH, set_fips_mode
#include "sql/rpl_async_conn_failover_configuration_propagation.h"
#include "sql/rpl_filter.h"
#include "sql/rpl_gtid.h"
#include "sql/rpl_gtid_persist.h"  // Gtid_table_persistor
#include "sql/rpl_handler.h"       // RUN_HOOK
#include "sql/rpl_info_factory.h"
#include "sql/rpl_info_handler.h"
#include "sql/rpl_injector.h"  // injector
#include "sql/rpl_io_monitor.h"
#include "sql/rpl_log_encryption.h"
#include "sql/rpl_mi.h"
#include "sql/rpl_msr.h"      // Multisource_info
#include "sql/rpl_replica.h"  // replica_load_tmpdir
#include "sql/rpl_rli.h"      // Relay_log_info
#include "sql/rpl_source.h"   // max_binlog_dump_events
#include "sql/rpl_trx_tracking.h"
#include "sql/sd_notify.h"  // sd_notify_connect
#include "sql/session_tracker.h"
#include "sql/set_var.h"
#include "sql/sp_head.h"    // init_sp_psi_keys
#include "sql/sql_audit.h"  // mysql_audit_general
#include "sql/sql_base.h"
#include "sql/sql_callback.h"  // MUSQL_CALLBACK
#include "sql/sql_class.h"     // THD
#include "sql/sql_component.h"
#include "sql/sql_connect.h"
#include "sql/sql_error.h"
#include "sql/sql_initialize.h"  // opt_initialize_insecure
#include "sql/sql_lex.h"
#include "sql/sql_list.h"
#include "sql/sql_locale.h"   // MY_LOCALE
#include "sql/sql_manager.h"  // start_handle_manager
#include "sql/sql_parse.h"    // check_stack_overrun
#include "sql/sql_plugin.h"   // opt_plugin_dir
#include "sql/sql_plugin_ref.h"
#include "sql/sql_reload.h"          // handle_reload_request
#include "sql/sql_restart_server.h"  // is_mysqld_managed
#include "sql/sql_servers.h"
#include "sql/sql_show.h"
#include "sql/sql_table.h"  // build_table_filename
#include "sql/sql_udf.h"
#include "sql/ssl_acceptor_context_iterator.h"
#include "sql/ssl_acceptor_context_operator.h"
#include "sql/ssl_acceptor_context_status.h"
#include "sql/ssl_init_callback.h"
#include "sql/sys_vars.h"         // fixup_enforce_gtid_consistency_...
#include "sql/sys_vars_shared.h"  // intern_find_sys_var
#include "sql/table_cache.h"      // table_cache_manager
#include "sql/tc_log.h"           // tc_log
#include "sql/thd_raii.h"
#include "sql/thr_malloc.h"
#include "sql/transaction.h"
#include "sql/tztime.h"  // Time_zone
#include "sql/udf_service_impl.h"
#include "sql/xa.h"
#include "sql/xa/transaction_cache.h"  // xa::Transaction_cache
#include "sql_common.h"                // mysql_client_plugin_init
#include "sql_string.h"
#include "storage/myisam/ha_myisam.h"  // HA_RECOVER_OFF
#include "storage/perfschema/pfs_services.h"
#include "thr_lock.h"
#include "thr_mutex.h"
#include "typelib.h"
#include "violite.h"

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
#include "storage/perfschema/pfs_server.h"
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

#ifdef _WIN32
#include "sql/conn_handler/named_pipe_connection.h"
#include "sql/conn_handler/shared_memory_connection.h"
#include "sql/named_pipe.h"
#endif

#ifdef MY_MSCRT_DEBUG
#include <crtdbg.h>
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fenv.h>
#include <limits.h>
#ifdef HAVE_GRP_H
#include <grp.h>
#endif
#ifndef _WIN32
#include <netdb.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_MMAN_H
#include <sys/mman.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PRCTL_H
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
#include <sys/resource.h>
#endif
#include <sys/stat.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <crtdbg.h>
#include <process.h>
#endif
#include "unicode/putil.h"   // u_setDataDirectory()
#include "unicode/uclean.h"  // u_cleanup()

#include <algorithm>
#include <atomic>
#include <functional>
#include <new>

#ifndef EMBEDDED_LIBRARY
#ifdef WITH_LOCK_ORDER
#include "sql/debug_lock_order.h"
#endif /* WITH_LOCK_ORDER */
#endif /* EMBEDDED_LIBRARY */

#ifndef EMBEDDED_LIBRARY
#include "srv_session.h"
#endif

#include <mysql/components/minimal_chassis.h>
#include <mysql/components/services/dynamic_loader_scheme_file.h>
#include <mysql/components/services/mysql_psi_system_service.h>
#include <mysql/components/services/mysql_rwlock_service.h>
#include <mysql/components/services/ongoing_transaction_query_service.h>
#include "sql/auth/dynamic_privileges_impl.h"
#include "sql/dd/dd.h"                   // dd::shutdown
#include "sql/dd/dd_kill_immunizer.h"    // dd::DD_kill_immunizer
#include "sql/dd/dictionary.h"           // dd::get_dictionary
#include "sql/dd/ndbinfo_schema/init.h"  // dd::ndbinfo::init_schema_and_tables()
#include "sql/dd/performance_schema/init.h"  // performance_schema::init
#include "sql/dd/upgrade/server.h"      // dd::upgrade::upgrade_system_schemas
#include "sql/dd/upgrade_57/upgrade.h"  // dd::upgrade_57::in_progress
#include "sql/server_component/component_sys_var_service_imp.h"
#include "sql/server_component/log_builtins_filter_imp.h"
#include "sql/server_component/log_builtins_imp.h"
#include "sql/server_component/mysql_server_keyring_lockable_imp.h"
#include "sql/server_component/mysql_thd_store_imp.h"
#include "sql/server_component/persistent_dynamic_loader_imp.h"
#include "sql/srv_session.h"

using std::max;
using std::min;
using std::vector;

#define mysqld_charset &my_charset_latin1
#define mysqld_default_locale_name "en_US"

#ifdef HAVE_FPU_CONTROL_H
#include <fpu_control.h>  // IWYU pragma: keep
#elif defined(__i386__)
#define fpu_control_t unsigned int
#define _FPU_EXTENDED 0x300
#define _FPU_DOUBLE 0x200
#if defined(__GNUC__)
#define _FPU_GETCW(cw) asm volatile("fnstcw %0" : "=m"(*&cw))
#define _FPU_SETCW(cw) asm volatile("fldcw %0" : : "m"(*&cw))
#else
#define _FPU_GETCW(cw) (cw = 0)
#define _FPU_SETCW(cw)
#endif
#endif
inline void setup_fpu() {
#ifdef HAVE_FEDISABLEEXCEPT
  fedisableexcept(FE_ALL_EXCEPT);
#endif

  /* Set FPU rounding mode to "round-to-nearest" */
  fesetround(FE_TONEAREST);

  /*
    x86 (32-bit) requires FPU precision to be explicitly set to 64 bit
    (double precision) for portable results of floating point operations.
    However, there is no need to do so if compiler is using SSE2 for floating
    point, double values will be stored and processed in 64 bits anyway.
  */
#if defined(__i386__) && !defined(__SSE2_MATH__)
#if !defined(_WIN32)
  fpu_control_t cw;
  _FPU_GETCW(cw);
  cw = (cw & ~_FPU_EXTENDED) | _FPU_DOUBLE;
  _FPU_SETCW(cw);
#endif /* _WIN32 && */
#endif /* __i386__ */
}

extern "C" void handle_fatal_signal(int sig);
void my_server_abort();

/* Constants */

#include "welcome_copyright_notice.h"  // ORACLE_WELCOME_COPYRIGHT_NOTICE

const char *show_comp_option_name[] = {"YES", "NO", "DISABLED"};

static const char *tc_heuristic_recover_names[] = {"OFF", "COMMIT", "ROLLBACK",
                                                   NullS};
static TYPELIB tc_heuristic_recover_typelib = {
    array_elements(tc_heuristic_recover_names) - 1, "",
    tc_heuristic_recover_names, nullptr};

const char *first_keyword = "first", *binary_keyword = "BINARY";
const char *my_localhost = "localhost";

bool opt_large_files = sizeof(my_off_t) > 4;
static bool opt_autocommit;  ///< for --autocommit command-line option
static get_opt_arg_source source_autocommit;

/*
  Used with --help for detailed option
*/
bool opt_help = false, opt_verbose = false, opt_validate_config = false;

arg_cmp_func Arg_comparator::comparator_matrix[5] = {
    &Arg_comparator::compare_string,      // Compare strings
    &Arg_comparator::compare_real,        // Compare float values
    &Arg_comparator::compare_int_signed,  // Compare signed int values
    &Arg_comparator::compare_row,         // Compare row values
    &Arg_comparator::compare_decimal};    // Compare decimal values

PSI_file_key key_file_binlog_cache;
PSI_file_key key_file_binlog_index_cache;

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_status;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_manager;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_crypt;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_user_conn;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_global_system_variables;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_prepared_stmt_count;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_replica_list;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_replica_net_timeout;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_uuid_generator;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_error_messages;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_default_password_lifetime;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_mandatory_roles;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_password_history;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_password_reuse_interval;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_sql_rand;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_log_throttle_qni;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_reset_gtid_table;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_compress_gtid_table;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_collect_instance_log;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit_queue;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit_queue;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_done;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_flush_queue;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_index;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_log;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_binlog_end_pos;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync_queue;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_xids;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_log_info;
static PSI_mutex_key key_BINLOG_LOCK_wait_for_group_turn;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_global_sid_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_gtid_mode_lock;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_system_variables_hash;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_connect;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_replica;
static PSI_cond_key key_BINLOG_COND_done;
static PSI_cond_key key_BINLOG_COND_flush_queue;
static PSI_cond_key key_BINLOG_update_cond;
static PSI_cond_key key_BINLOG_prep_xids_cond;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_manager;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_compress_gtid_table;
static PSI_cond_key key_BINLOG_COND_wait_for_group_turn;
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_signal_hand;
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_main;
static PSI_file_key key_file_casetest;
static PSI_file_key key_file_pid;
#if defined(_WIN32)
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_con_namedpipes;
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_con_sharedmem;
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_con_sockets;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_handler_count;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_handler_count;
static PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_shutdown_restart;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group;
#else
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_socket_listener_active;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_socket_listener_active;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_start_signal_handler;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_start_signal_handler;
#endif  // _WIN32
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_server_started;
static PSI_cond_key key_COND_server_started;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_keyring_operations;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_tls_ctx_options;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_partial_revokes;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_authentication_policy;
static PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit;
static PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_server_shutting_down;
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE */

/**
  Statement instrumentation key for replication.
*/
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_STATEMENT_INTERFACE
PSI_statement_info stmt_info_rpl;
#endif

/* the default log output is log tables */
static bool lower_case_table_names_used = false;
#if !defined(_WIN32)
static bool socket_listener_active = false;
static int pipe_write_fd = -1;
static bool opt_daemonize = false;
#endif
bool opt_debugging = false;
static bool opt_external_locking = false, opt_console = false;
static bool opt_short_log_format = false;
static char *mysqld_user, *mysqld_chroot;
static const char *default_character_set_name;
static const char *character_set_filesystem_name;
static const char *lc_messages;
static const char *lc_time_names_name;
char *my_bind_addr_str;
char *my_admin_bind_addr_str;
uint mysqld_admin_port;
bool listen_admin_interface_in_separate_thread;
static const char *default_collation_name;
const char *default_storage_engine;
const char *default_tmp_storage_engine;
ulonglong temptable_max_ram;
ulonglong temptable_max_mmap;
bool temptable_use_mmap;
static char compiled_default_collation_name[] = MYSQL_DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME;
static bool binlog_format_used = false;

LEX_STRING opt_init_connect, opt_init_replica;

/* Global variables */

LEX_STRING opt_mandatory_roles;
bool opt_mandatory_roles_cache = false;
bool opt_always_activate_granted_roles = false;
bool opt_bin_log;
bool opt_general_log, opt_slow_log, opt_general_log_raw;
ulonglong log_output_options;
bool opt_log_queries_not_using_indexes = false;
ulong opt_log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 0;
bool opt_log_slow_extra = false;
bool opt_disable_networking = false, opt_skip_show_db = false;
bool opt_skip_name_resolve = false;
bool opt_character_set_client_handshake = true;
bool server_id_supplied = false;
static bool opt_endinfo;
bool using_udf_functions;
bool locked_in_memory;
bool opt_using_transactions;
ulong opt_tc_log_size;
std::atomic<int32> connection_events_loop_aborted_flag;
static std::atomic<enum_server_operational_state> server_operational_state{
    SERVER_BOOTING};
char *opt_log_error_suppression_list;
char *opt_log_error_services;
char *opt_keyring_migration_user = nullptr;
char *opt_keyring_migration_host = nullptr;
char *opt_keyring_migration_password = nullptr;
char *opt_keyring_migration_socket = nullptr;
char *opt_keyring_migration_source = nullptr;
char *opt_keyring_migration_destination = nullptr;
ulong opt_keyring_migration_port = 0;
bool migrate_connect_options = false;
uint host_cache_size;
ulong log_error_verbosity = 3;  // have a non-zero value during early start-up
bool opt_keyring_migration_to_component = false;
bool opt_persist_sensitive_variables_in_plaintext{true};
int argc_cached;
char **argv_cached;

#if defined(_WIN32)
/*
  Thread handle of shutdown event handler thread.
  It is used as argument during thread join.
*/
my_thread_handle shutdown_restart_thr_handle;

ulong slow_start_timeout;
bool opt_no_monitor = false;
#endif

bool opt_no_dd_upgrade = false;
long opt_upgrade_mode = UPGRADE_AUTO;
long opt_check_table_funs = CHECK_TABLE_FUN_ABORT;
bool opt_initialize = false;
bool opt_skip_replica_start = false;  ///< If set, slave is not autostarted
bool opt_enable_named_pipe = false;
bool opt_local_infile, opt_replica_compressed_protocol;
bool opt_safe_user_create = false;
bool opt_show_replica_auth_info;
bool opt_log_replica_updates = false;
char *opt_replica_skip_errors;
bool opt_replica_allow_batching = true;

/**
  compatibility option:
    - index usage hints (USE INDEX without a FOR clause) behave as in 5.0
*/
bool old_mode;

/*
  Legacy global handlerton. These will be removed (please do not add more).
*/
handlerton *heap_hton;
handlerton *temptable_hton;
handlerton *myisam_hton;
handlerton *innodb_hton;

char *opt_disabled_storage_engines;
uint opt_server_id_bits = 0;
ulong opt_server_id_mask = 0;
bool read_only = false, opt_readonly = false;
bool super_read_only = false, opt_super_readonly = false;
bool opt_require_secure_transport = false;
bool relay_log_purge;
bool relay_log_recovery;
bool opt_allow_suspicious_udfs;
const char *opt_secure_file_priv;
bool opt_log_slow_admin_statements = false;
bool opt_log_slow_replica_statements = false;
bool lower_case_file_system = false;
bool opt_large_pages = false;
bool opt_super_large_pages = false;
bool opt_myisam_use_mmap = false;
std::atomic<bool> offline_mode;
uint opt_large_page_size = 0;
uint default_password_lifetime = 0;
bool password_require_current = false;
std::atomic<bool> partial_revokes;
bool opt_partial_revokes;  // Initialized through Sys_var

mysql_mutex_t LOCK_default_password_lifetime;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_mandatory_roles;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_password_history;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_password_reuse_interval;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_tls_ctx_options;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_partial_revokes;

#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
MYSQL_PLUGIN_IMPORT uint opt_debug_sync_timeout = 0;
#endif /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */
bool opt_old_style_user_limits = false, trust_function_creators = false;
bool check_proxy_users = false, mysql_native_password_proxy_users = false,
     sha256_password_proxy_users = false;
/*
  True if there is at least one per-hour limit for some user, so we should
  check them before each query (and possibly reset counters when hour is
  changed). False otherwise.
*/
volatile bool mqh_used = false;
bool opt_noacl = false;
bool sp_automatic_privileges = true;

int32_t opt_regexp_time_limit;
int32_t opt_regexp_stack_limit;

/** True, if restarted from a cloned database. This information
is needed by GR to set some configurations right after clone. */
bool clone_startup = false;

/** True, if clone recovery has failed. For managed server we
restart server again with old database files. */
bool clone_recovery_error = false;

ulong binlog_row_event_max_size;
ulong binlog_checksum_options;
ulong binlog_row_metadata;
bool opt_source_verify_checksum = false;
bool opt_replica_sql_verify_checksum = true;
const char *binlog_format_names[] = {"MIXED", "STATEMENT", "ROW", NullS};
bool binlog_gtid_simple_recovery;
ulong binlog_error_action;
const char *binlog_error_action_list[] = {"IGNORE_ERROR", "ABORT_SERVER",
                                          NullS};
uint32 gtid_executed_compression_period = 0;
bool opt_log_unsafe_statements;

const char *timestamp_type_names[] = {"UTC", "SYSTEM", NullS};
ulong opt_log_timestamps;
uint mysqld_port, test_flags, select_errors, ha_open_options;
uint mysqld_port_timeout;
ulong delay_key_write_options;
uint protocol_version;
uint lower_case_table_names;
long tc_heuristic_recover;
ulong back_log, connect_timeout, server_id;
ulong table_cache_size;
ulong table_cache_instances;
ulong table_cache_size_per_instance;
ulong schema_def_size;
ulong stored_program_def_size;
ulong table_def_size;
ulong tablespace_def_size;
ulong what_to_log;
ulong slow_launch_time;
std::atomic<int32> atomic_replica_open_temp_tables{0};
ulong open_files_limit, max_binlog_size, max_relay_log_size;
ulong slave_trans_retries;
uint replica_net_timeout;
ulong replica_exec_mode_options;
ulonglong replica_type_conversions_options;
ulong opt_mts_replica_parallel_workers;
ulonglong opt_mts_pending_jobs_size_max;
ulonglong slave_rows_search_algorithms_options;
bool opt_replica_preserve_commit_order;
#ifndef NDEBUG
uint replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used;
#endif
ulong mts_parallel_option;
ulong binlog_cache_size = 0;
ulonglong max_binlog_cache_size = 0;
ulong replica_max_allowed_packet = 0;
ulong binlog_stmt_cache_size = 0;
int32 opt_binlog_max_flush_queue_time = 0;
long opt_binlog_group_commit_sync_delay = 0;
ulong opt_binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count = 0;
ulonglong max_binlog_stmt_cache_size = 0;
ulong refresh_version; /* Increments on each reload */
std::atomic<query_id_t> atomic_global_query_id{1};
ulong aborted_threads;
ulong delayed_insert_timeout, delayed_insert_limit, delayed_queue_size;
ulong delayed_insert_threads, delayed_insert_writes, delayed_rows_in_use;
ulong delayed_insert_errors, flush_time;
ulong specialflag = 0;
ulong binlog_cache_use = 0, binlog_cache_disk_use = 0;
ulong binlog_stmt_cache_use = 0, binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use = 0;
ulong max_connections, max_connect_errors;
ulong rpl_stop_replica_timeout = LONG_TIMEOUT;
bool log_bin_use_v1_row_events = false;
bool thread_cache_size_specified = false;
bool host_cache_size_specified = false;
bool table_definition_cache_specified = false;
ulong locked_account_connection_count = 0;

ulonglong global_conn_mem_limit = 0;
ulonglong global_conn_mem_counter = 0;

/**
  This variable holds handle to the object that's responsible
  for loading/unloading components from manifest file
*/
Deployed_components *g_deployed_components = nullptr;

/**
  Limit of the total number of prepared statements in the server.
  Is necessary to protect the server against out-of-memory attacks.
*/
ulong max_prepared_stmt_count;
/**
  Current total number of prepared statements in the server. This number
  is exact, and therefore may not be equal to the difference between
  `com_stmt_prepare' and `com_stmt_close' (global status variables), as
  the latter ones account for all registered attempts to prepare
  a statement (including unsuccessful ones).  Prepared statements are
  currently connection-local: if the same SQL query text is prepared in
  two different connections, this counts as two distinct prepared
  statements.
*/
ulong prepared_stmt_count = 0;
ulong current_pid;
uint sync_binlog_period = 0, sync_relaylog_period = 0,
     sync_relayloginfo_period = 0, sync_masterinfo_period = 0,
     opt_mta_checkpoint_period, opt_mta_checkpoint_group;
ulong expire_logs_days = 0;
ulong binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 0;
bool opt_binlog_expire_logs_auto_purge{true};
/**
  Soft upper limit for number of sp_head objects that can be stored
  in the sp_cache for one connection.
*/
ulong stored_program_cache_size = 0;
/**
  Compatibility option to prevent auto upgrade of old temporals
  during certain ALTER TABLE operations.
*/
bool avoid_temporal_upgrade;

bool persisted_globals_load = true;

bool opt_keyring_operations = true;

bool opt_table_encryption_privilege_check = false;

const double log_10[] = {
    1e000, 1e001, 1e002, 1e003, 1e004, 1e005, 1e006, 1e007, 1e008, 1e009, 1e010,
    1e011, 1e012, 1e013, 1e014, 1e015, 1e016, 1e017, 1e018, 1e019, 1e020, 1e021,
    1e022, 1e023, 1e024, 1e025, 1e026, 1e027, 1e028, 1e029, 1e030, 1e031, 1e032,
    1e033, 1e034, 1e035, 1e036, 1e037, 1e038, 1e039, 1e040, 1e041, 1e042, 1e043,
    1e044, 1e045, 1e046, 1e047, 1e048, 1e049, 1e050, 1e051, 1e052, 1e053, 1e054,
    1e055, 1e056, 1e057, 1e058, 1e059, 1e060, 1e061, 1e062, 1e063, 1e064, 1e065,
    1e066, 1e067, 1e068, 1e069, 1e070, 1e071, 1e072, 1e073, 1e074, 1e075, 1e076,
    1e077, 1e078, 1e079, 1e080, 1e081, 1e082, 1e083, 1e084, 1e085, 1e086, 1e087,
    1e088, 1e089, 1e090, 1e091, 1e092, 1e093, 1e094, 1e095, 1e096, 1e097, 1e098,
    1e099, 1e100, 1e101, 1e102, 1e103, 1e104, 1e105, 1e106, 1e107, 1e108, 1e109,
    1e110, 1e111, 1e112, 1e113, 1e114, 1e115, 1e116, 1e117, 1e118, 1e119, 1e120,
    1e121, 1e122, 1e123, 1e124, 1e125, 1e126, 1e127, 1e128, 1e129, 1e130, 1e131,
    1e132, 1e133, 1e134, 1e135, 1e136, 1e137, 1e138, 1e139, 1e140, 1e141, 1e142,
    1e143, 1e144, 1e145, 1e146, 1e147, 1e148, 1e149, 1e150, 1e151, 1e152, 1e153,
    1e154, 1e155, 1e156, 1e157, 1e158, 1e159, 1e160, 1e161, 1e162, 1e163, 1e164,
    1e165, 1e166, 1e167, 1e168, 1e169, 1e170, 1e171, 1e172, 1e173, 1e174, 1e175,
    1e176, 1e177, 1e178, 1e179, 1e180, 1e181, 1e182, 1e183, 1e184, 1e185, 1e186,
    1e187, 1e188, 1e189, 1e190, 1e191, 1e192, 1e193, 1e194, 1e195, 1e196, 1e197,
    1e198, 1e199, 1e200, 1e201, 1e202, 1e203, 1e204, 1e205, 1e206, 1e207, 1e208,
    1e209, 1e210, 1e211, 1e212, 1e213, 1e214, 1e215, 1e216, 1e217, 1e218, 1e219,
    1e220, 1e221, 1e222, 1e223, 1e224, 1e225, 1e226, 1e227, 1e228, 1e229, 1e230,
    1e231, 1e232, 1e233, 1e234, 1e235, 1e236, 1e237, 1e238, 1e239, 1e240, 1e241,
    1e242, 1e243, 1e244, 1e245, 1e246, 1e247, 1e248, 1e249, 1e250, 1e251, 1e252,
    1e253, 1e254, 1e255, 1e256, 1e257, 1e258, 1e259, 1e260, 1e261, 1e262, 1e263,
    1e264, 1e265, 1e266, 1e267, 1e268, 1e269, 1e270, 1e271, 1e272, 1e273, 1e274,
    1e275, 1e276, 1e277, 1e278, 1e279, 1e280, 1e281, 1e282, 1e283, 1e284, 1e285,
    1e286, 1e287, 1e288, 1e289, 1e290, 1e291, 1e292, 1e293, 1e294, 1e295, 1e296,
    1e297, 1e298, 1e299, 1e300, 1e301, 1e302, 1e303, 1e304, 1e305, 1e306, 1e307,
    1e308};

/* Index extension. */
const int index_ext_length = 6;
const char *index_ext = ".index";
const int relay_ext_length = 10;
const char *relay_ext = "-relay-bin";
/* True if --log-bin option is used. */
bool log_bin_supplied = false;

time_t server_start_time, flush_status_time;

char server_uuid[UUID_LENGTH + 1];
const char *server_uuid_ptr;
#if defined(HAVE_BUILD_ID_SUPPORT)
char server_build_id[42];
const char *server_build_id_ptr;
#endif
char mysql_home[FN_REFLEN], pidfile_name[FN_REFLEN];
char system_time_zone_dst_on[30], system_time_zone_dst_off[30];
char default_logfile_name[FN_REFLEN];
char default_binlogfile_name[FN_REFLEN];
char default_binlog_index_name[FN_REFLEN + index_ext_length];
char default_relaylogfile_name[FN_REFLEN + relay_ext_length];
char default_relaylog_index_name[FN_REFLEN + relay_ext_length +
                                 index_ext_length];
char *default_tz_name;
static char errorlog_filename_buff[FN_REFLEN];
const char *log_error_dest;
const char *my_share_dir[FN_REFLEN];
char glob_hostname[HOSTNAME_LENGTH + 1];
char mysql_real_data_home[FN_REFLEN], lc_messages_dir[FN_REFLEN],
    reg_ext[FN_EXTLEN], mysql_charsets_dir[FN_REFLEN], *opt_init_file;
const char *opt_tc_log_file;
char *lc_messages_dir_ptr;
char mysql_unpacked_real_data_home[FN_REFLEN];
size_t mysql_unpacked_real_data_home_len;
size_t mysql_data_home_len = 1;
uint reg_ext_length;
char logname_path[FN_REFLEN];
char slow_logname_path[FN_REFLEN];
char secure_file_real_path[FN_REFLEN];
Time_zone *default_tz;
char *mysql_data_home = const_cast<char *>(".");
const char *mysql_real_data_home_ptr = mysql_real_data_home;
char *opt_protocol_compression_algorithms;
char server_version[SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH];
const char *mysqld_unix_port;
char *opt_mysql_tmpdir;

char *opt_authentication_policy;
std::vector<std::string> authentication_policy_list;
/*
  keep track of plugin_ref until plugins used in opt_authentication_policy
  are properly validated and updated. This will ensure that plugin is not
  unloaded in between check() and update() of authentication_policy variable
*/
std::vector<plugin_ref> authentication_policy_plugin_ref;

/** name of reference on left expression in rewritten IN subquery */
const char *in_left_expr_name = "<left expr>";

my_decimal decimal_zero;
/** Number of connection errors from internal server errors. */
ulong connection_errors_internal = 0;
/** Number of errors when reading the peer address. */
ulong connection_errors_peer_addr = 0;

/* classes for comparison parsing/processing */
Eq_creator eq_creator;
Ne_creator ne_creator;
Equal_creator equal_creator;
Gt_creator gt_creator;
Lt_creator lt_creator;
Ge_creator ge_creator;
Le_creator le_creator;

Rpl_global_filter rpl_global_filter;
Rpl_filter *binlog_filter;
Rpl_acf_configuration_handler *rpl_acf_configuration_handler = nullptr;
Source_IO_monitor *rpl_source_io_monitor = nullptr;
Udf_load_service udf_load_service;

struct System_variables global_system_variables;
struct System_variables max_system_variables;
struct System_status_var global_status_var;

MY_TMPDIR mysql_tmpdir_list;

CHARSET_INFO *system_charset_info, *files_charset_info;
CHARSET_INFO *national_charset_info, *table_alias_charset;
CHARSET_INFO *character_set_filesystem;

MY_LOCALE *my_default_lc_messages;
MY_LOCALE *my_default_lc_time_names;

SHOW_COMP_OPTION have_symlink, have_dlopen, have_query_cache;
SHOW_COMP_OPTION have_geometry, have_rtree_keys;
SHOW_COMP_OPTION have_compress;
SHOW_COMP_OPTION have_profiling;
SHOW_COMP_OPTION have_statement_timeout = SHOW_OPTION_DISABLED;

/* Thread specific variables */

thread_local MEM_ROOT **THR_MALLOC = nullptr;

mysql_mutex_t LOCK_status, LOCK_uuid_generator, LOCK_crypt,
    LOCK_global_system_variables, LOCK_user_conn, LOCK_error_messages;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_sql_rand;

/**
  The below lock protects access to two global server variables:
  max_prepared_stmt_count and prepared_stmt_count. These variables
  set the limit and hold the current total number of prepared statements
  in the server, respectively. As PREPARE/DEALLOCATE rate in a loaded
  server may be fairly high, we need a dedicated lock.
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_prepared_stmt_count;

/**
  Protects slave_list in rpl_source.cc; the list of currently running
  dump threads with metadata for the replica.
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_replica_list;
/*
 The below two locks are introduced as guards (second mutex) for
  the global variables sql_replica_skip_counter and replica_net_timeout
  respectively. See fix_slave_skip_counter/fix_replica_net_timeout
  for more details
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_replica_net_timeout;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_log_throttle_qni;
mysql_rwlock_t LOCK_sys_init_connect, LOCK_sys_init_replica;
mysql_rwlock_t LOCK_system_variables_hash;
my_thread_handle signal_thread_id;
sigset_t mysqld_signal_mask;
my_thread_attr_t connection_attrib;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_server_started;
mysql_cond_t COND_server_started;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_reset_gtid_table;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_compress_gtid_table;
mysql_cond_t COND_compress_gtid_table;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_collect_instance_log;
#if !defined(_WIN32)
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_socket_listener_active;
mysql_cond_t COND_socket_listener_active;
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_start_signal_handler;
mysql_cond_t COND_start_signal_handler;
#endif

/*
  The below lock protects access to global server variable
  keyring_operations.
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_keyring_operations;
/*
  The below lock protects to execute commands 'ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE BINLOG
  MASTER KEY' and 'SET @@GLOBAL.binlog_encryption=ON/OFF' in parallel.
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key;

/*
  The below lock protects to execute commands 'CREATE/ALTER USER' and
  'SET @@GLOBAL.authentication_policy...' in parallel.
*/
mysql_mutex_t LOCK_authentication_policy;

mysql_mutex_t LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit;

mysql_rwlock_t LOCK_server_shutting_down;

/*
  Variable is reverted during shutdown command just before server's
  internals are disabled.
*/
bool server_shutting_down = false;

bool mysqld_server_started = false;
/**
  Set to true to signal at startup if the process must die.

  Needed because kill_mysql() will not do anything before
  the server is fully initialized. Thus it now just sets this
  flag to on and exits. And then mysqld_main() will check if
  the flag is on at the right place and exit the process if it
  is.
*/
static bool mysqld_process_must_end_at_startup = false;

/* replication parameters, if master_host is not NULL, we are a slave */
uint report_port = 0;
ulong master_retry_count = 0;
const char *master_info_file;
const char *relay_log_info_file;
char *report_user, *report_password, *report_host;
char *opt_relay_logname = nullptr, *opt_relaylog_index_name = nullptr;
/*
  True if the --relay-log-index is set by users from
  config file or command line.
*/
bool opt_relaylog_index_name_supplied = false;
/*
  True if the --relay-log is set by users from
  config file or command line.
*/
bool opt_relay_logname_supplied = false;
/*
  True if --log-replica-updates option is set explicitly
  on command line or configuration file.
*/
bool log_replica_updates_supplied = false;

/*
  True if --replica-preserve-commit-order-supplied option is set explicitly
  on command line or configuration file.
*/
bool replica_preserve_commit_order_supplied = false;
char *opt_general_logname, *opt_slow_logname, *opt_bin_logname;

/*
  True if expire_logs_days and binlog_expire_logs_seconds are set
  explicitly.
*/
bool expire_logs_days_supplied = false;
bool binlog_expire_logs_seconds_supplied = false;
/* Static variables */

static bool opt_myisam_log;
static ulong opt_specialflag;
char *opt_binlog_index_name;
char *mysql_home_ptr, *pidfile_name_ptr;
char *default_auth_plugin;
/**
  Memory for allocating command line arguments, after load_defaults().
*/
static MEM_ROOT argv_alloc{PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED, 512};
/** Remaining command line arguments (count), filtered by handle_options().*/
static int remaining_argc;
/** Remaining command line arguments (arguments), filtered by
 * handle_options().*/
static char **remaining_argv;

/**
 Holds the "original" (i.e. as on startup) set of arguments.

 The argument processing goes as follows:
 1. At startup the "original" set of arguments is shallow-copied into
 the read only list @ref orig_argv.
 2. The config file arguments are read from the config files (.cnf and
   persisted read-only) and are appended as command line arguments.
   In the process the argv is deep copied because of the expansion
 3. The result from 2 is set into @ref remaining_argv / @ref remaining_argc.
 4. Then remaining_argv is fed into various consumers:
   - the server compiled in set of arguments
   - the early plugins
   - the rest of the plugins
   - the error log
   - the components from the persisted dynamic loader init.
   All of the above "take away" the values they match from the extended
   command line set. And vary the values of @ref my_getopt_skip_unknown
   according to their needs (mostly keep it set).
   As a result, when the server is done booting up the things that remain
   in remaining_argv become less and less.
 5. When the bootstrap process is done a check is run:
    my_getopt_skip_unknown is set to off and the argument parser is called
    on remaining_argv with an empty set of argument definitions.
    This ensures that all of the remaining argument values in remaining_argv
    are either marked as "loose" (i.e. optional) or are "consumed" by prior
    argument list processings.
    The side effect of this is that all --loose arguments are also consumed
    out of remaining_argv.
 6. A check is made if the remaining_argv is an empty list. If not the server
    exits.
 7. At this point the server is marked as successfully started.
 8. Subsequent argument processings happen when e.g. a plugin is loaded via
    @ref mysql_install_plugin or a component registers system variables via
    @ref mysql_component_sys_variable_imp::register_variable. However, since
    remaining_argv is empty these need to run over the orig_argc/orig_argv.
    But argument value assignment would normally "eat" out the values found.
    This would mean that the orig_argv array will get shortened and if you
    load the same plugin twice for example its system variables will not have
    the values supplied the second time they start.
    Thus once the server is started (@ref mysqld_server_started is on) any
    argument value parsing should happen over a *copy* of orig_argc/orig_argv
    that should subsequently be discarded.
    @ref remaining_argv should not be consulted anymore at this point.
*/
int orig_argc;
char **orig_argv;
namespace {
#ifndef _WIN32
FILE *nstdout = nullptr;
#endif
char my_progpath[FN_REFLEN];
const char *my_orig_progname = nullptr;

/**
  This variable holds the exit value of the signal handler thread.
*/
std::atomic<int> signal_hand_thr_exit_code(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);

/**
  Inspects the program name in argv[0] and substitutes the full path
  of the executable.

  @param argv argument vector (array) for executable.
 */
void substitute_progpath(char **argv) {
  if (test_if_hard_path(argv[0])) return;

#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (GetModuleFileName(NULL, my_progpath, sizeof(my_progpath))) {
    my_orig_progname = argv[0];
    argv[0] = my_progpath;
  }
#else
  /* If the path has a directory component, use my_realpath()
     (implicitly relative to cwd) */
  if (strchr(argv[0], FN_LIBCHAR) != nullptr &&
      !my_realpath(my_progpath, argv[0], MYF(0))) {
    my_orig_progname = argv[0];
    argv[0] = my_progpath;
    return;
  }

  // my_realpath() cannot resolve it, it must be a bare executable
  // name in path
  assert(strchr(argv[0], FN_LIBCHAR) == nullptr);

  const char *spbegin = getenv("PATH");
  if (spbegin == nullptr) spbegin = "";
  const char *spend = spbegin + strlen(spbegin);

  while (true) {
    const char *colonend = std::find(spbegin, spend, ':');
    std::string cand{spbegin, colonend};
    spbegin = colonend + 1;

    cand.append(1, '/');
    cand.append(argv[0]);

    if (my_access(cand.c_str(), X_OK) == 0) {
      if (my_realpath(my_progpath, cand.c_str(), MYF(0))) {
        // Fallback to raw cand
        assert(cand.length() < FN_REFLEN);
        std::copy(cand.begin(), cand.end(), my_progpath);
        my_progpath[cand.length()] = '\0';
      }
      my_orig_progname = argv[0];
      argv[0] = my_progpath;
      break;
    }
    if (colonend == spend) {
      assert(false);
      break;
    }
  }  // while (true)
#endif  // defined(_WIN32)
  if (my_orig_progname == nullptr) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_TO_GET_ABSOLUTE_PATH, argv[0]);
  }
}
}  // namespace

static Connection_acceptor<Mysqld_socket_listener> *mysqld_socket_acceptor =
    nullptr;
#ifdef _WIN32
static Named_pipe_listener *named_pipe_listener = NULL;
Connection_acceptor<Named_pipe_listener> *named_pipe_acceptor = NULL;
Connection_acceptor<Shared_mem_listener> *shared_mem_acceptor = NULL;
mysql_rwlock_t LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group;
char *named_pipe_full_access_group;
#endif

Checkable_rwlock *global_sid_lock = nullptr;
Sid_map *global_sid_map = nullptr;
Gtid_state *gtid_state = nullptr;
Gtid_table_persistor *gtid_table_persistor = nullptr;

/* cache for persisted variables */
static Persisted_variables_cache persisted_variables_cache;

void persisted_variables_refresh_keyring_support() {
  persisted_variables_cache.keyring_support_available();
}

void set_remaining_args(int argc, char **argv) {
  remaining_argc = argc;
  remaining_argv = argv;
}

int *get_remaining_argc() { return &remaining_argc; }

char ***get_remaining_argv() { return &remaining_argv; }

/*
  Multiple threads of execution use the random state maintained in global
  sql_rand to generate random numbers. sql_rnd_with_mutex use mutex
  LOCK_sql_rand to protect sql_rand across multiple instantiations that use
  sql_rand to generate random numbers.
 */
ulong sql_rnd_with_mutex() {
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_sql_rand);
  ulong tmp =
      (ulong)(my_rnd(&sql_rand) * 0xffffffff); /* make all bits random */
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_sql_rand);
  return tmp;
}

struct System_status_var *get_thd_status_var(THD *thd, bool *aggregated) {
  assert(thd != nullptr);
  assert(aggregated != nullptr);
  *aggregated = thd->status_var_aggregated;
  return &thd->status_var;
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
void thd_mem_cnt_alloc(THD *thd, size_t size, const char *key_name) {
  thd->current_key_name = key_name;
  thd->m_mem_cnt.alloc_cnt(size);
}
#else
void thd_mem_cnt_alloc(THD *thd, size_t size) {
  thd->m_mem_cnt.alloc_cnt(size);
}
#endif

void thd_mem_cnt_free(THD *thd, size_t size) { thd->m_mem_cnt.free_cnt(size); }

static void option_error_reporter(enum loglevel level, uint ecode, ...) {
  va_list args;
  va_start(args, ecode);

  /*
    Don't print warnings for --loose options during initialize.
  */
  if (level == ERROR_LEVEL || !opt_initialize || (log_error_verbosity > 1)) {
    error_log_print(level, ecode, args);
  }
  va_end(args);
}

/**
  Character set and collation error reporter that prints to sql error log.
  @param level          log message level
  @param ecode          Error code of the error message.

  This routine is used to print character set and collation
  warnings and errors inside an already running mysqld server,
  e.g. when a character set or collation is requested for the very first time
  and its initialization does not go well for some reasons.
*/

static void charset_error_reporter(enum loglevel level, uint ecode, ...) {
  va_list args;
  va_start(args, ecode);
  error_log_print(level, ecode, args);
  va_end(args);
}

struct rand_struct sql_rand;  ///< used by sql_class.cc:THD::THD()

#ifndef _WIN32
PasswdValue user_info;
static my_thread_t main_thread_id;
#endif  // !_WIN32

/* OS specific variables */

#ifdef _WIN32
static bool mysqld_early_option = false;
static bool windows_service = false;
static bool use_opt_args;
static int opt_argc;
static char **opt_argv;
static char **my_global_argv = nullptr;
static int my_global_argc;

static mysql_mutex_t LOCK_handler_count;
static mysql_cond_t COND_handler_count;
static HANDLE hEventShutdown;
static HANDLE hEventRestart;
const char *shared_memory_base_name = default_shared_memory_base_name;
bool opt_enable_shared_memory;
static char shutdown_event_name[40];
static char restart_event_name[40];
static NTService Service;  ///< Service object for WinNT
#endif                     /* _WIN32 */

/**
   Flag indicating if dynamic plugins have been loaded. Only to be accessed
   by main thread.
 */
bool dynamic_plugins_are_initialized = false;

#ifndef NDEBUG
static const char *default_dbug_option;
#endif

bool opt_use_ssl = true;
bool opt_use_admin_ssl = true;
ulong opt_ssl_fips_mode = SSL_FIPS_MODE_OFF;

/* Function declarations */

static int mysql_init_variables();
static int get_options(int *argc_ptr, char ***argv_ptr);
static void add_terminator(vector<my_option> *options);
extern "C" bool mysqld_get_one_option(int, const struct my_option *, char *);
static void set_server_version(void);
static int init_thread_environment();
static const char *get_relative_path(const char *path);
static int fix_paths(void);
static int test_if_case_insensitive(const char *dir_name);
static void end_ssl();
static void delete_dictionary_tablespace();

extern "C" void *signal_hand(void *arg);
static bool pid_file_created = false;
static void usage(void);
static void clean_up_mutexes(void);
static bool create_pid_file();
[[noreturn]] static void mysqld_exit(int exit_code);
static void delete_pid_file(myf flags);
static void clean_up(bool print_message);
static int handle_early_options();
static void adjust_related_options(ulong *requested_open_files);
static void process_bootstrap();
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
static void init_server_psi_keys();
#endif

/**
  Notify any waiters that the server components have been initialized.
  Used by the signal handler thread and by Cluster.

  @see signal_hand
*/

static void server_components_initialized() {
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_server_started);
  mysqld_server_started = true;
  mysql_cond_broadcast(&COND_server_started);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_server_started);
}

SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_runtime_error) * error_service;
SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_psi_system_v1) * system_service;
SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_rwlock_v1) * rwlock_service;
SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(registry) * srv_registry;
SERVICE_TYPE(dynamic_loader_scheme_file) * scheme_file_srv;
using loader_type_t = SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(dynamic_loader);
using runtime_error_type_t = SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(mysql_runtime_error);
using psi_system_type_t = SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(mysql_psi_system_v1);
using rwlock_type_t = SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(mysql_rwlock_v1);
using loader_scheme_type_t = SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(dynamic_loader_scheme_file);
extern REQUIRES_SERVICE_PLACEHOLDER(mysql_rwlock_v1);
extern REQUIRES_SERVICE_PLACEHOLDER(mysql_psi_system_v1);
extern bool initialize_minimal_chassis(SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(registry) *
                                       *registry);
extern bool deinitialize_minimal_chassis(SERVICE_TYPE_NO_CONST(registry) *
                                         registry);
/*
  List of components to be loaded directly using dynamic loader load.
  These components should to be present in the plugin directory path.
*/
const char *component_urns[] = {"file://component_reference_cache"};
#define NUMBER_OF_COMPONENTS 1

/**
  Initializes component infrastructure by bootstrapping core component
  subsystem.

  @return Status of performed operation
  @retval false success
  @retval true failure
*/
static bool component_infrastructure_init() {
  bool retval = false;
  if (initialize_minimal_chassis(&srv_registry)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_COMPONENTS_INFRASTRUCTURE_BOOTSTRAP);
    return true;
  }
  /* Here minimal_chassis dynamic_loader_scheme_file service has
     to be acquired */
  srv_registry->acquire(
      "dynamic_loader_scheme_file.mysql_minimal_chassis",
      reinterpret_cast<my_h_service *>(
          const_cast<loader_scheme_type_t **>(&scheme_file_srv)));

  srv_registry->acquire("dynamic_loader",
                        reinterpret_cast<my_h_service *>(
                            const_cast<loader_type_t **>(&dynamic_loader_srv)));

  my_service<SERVICE_TYPE(registry_registration)> registrator(
      "registry_registration", srv_registry);

  // Sets default file scheme loader for MySQL server.
  registrator->set_default(
      "dynamic_loader_scheme_file.mysql_server_path_filter");

  // Sets default rw_lock for MySQL server.
  registrator->set_default("mysql_rwlock_v1.mysql_server");
  srv_registry->acquire("mysql_rwlock_v1.mysql_server",
                        reinterpret_cast<my_h_service *>(
                            const_cast<rwlock_type_t **>(&rwlock_service)));
  mysql_service_mysql_rwlock_v1 =
      reinterpret_cast<SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_rwlock_v1) *>(rwlock_service);

  // Sets default psi_system event service for MySQL server.
  registrator->set_default("mysql_psi_system_v1.mysql_server");
  srv_registry->acquire("mysql_psi_system_v1.mysql_server",
                        reinterpret_cast<my_h_service *>(
                            const_cast<psi_system_type_t **>(&system_service)));
  /* This service variable is needed for mysql_unload_plugin */
  mysql_service_mysql_psi_system_v1 =
      reinterpret_cast<SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_psi_system_v1) *>(system_service);

  // Sets default mysql_runtime_error for MySQL server.
  registrator->set_default("mysql_runtime_error.mysql_server");
  srv_registry->acquire(
      "mysql_runtime_error.mysql_server",
      reinterpret_cast<my_h_service *>(
          const_cast<runtime_error_type_t **>(&error_service)));
  /* This service variable is needed where ever mysql_error_service_printf()
     service api is used */
  mysql_service_mysql_runtime_error =
      reinterpret_cast<SERVICE_TYPE(mysql_runtime_error) *>(error_service);

  return retval;
}

/**
  This function is used to initialize the mysql_server component services.
*/
static void server_component_init() {
  mysql_comp_sys_var_services_init();
  init_thd_store_service();
}

/**
  This function is used to de-initialize the mysql_server component services.
*/
static void server_component_deinit() { deinit_thd_store_service(); }

/**
  Initializes MySQL Server component infrastructure part by initialize of
  dynamic loader persistence.

  @return Status of performed operation
  @retval false success
  @retval true failure
*/

static bool mysql_component_infrastructure_init() {
  /* We need a temporary THD during boot */
  Auto_THD thd;
  Disable_autocommit_guard autocommit_guard(thd.thd);
  dd::cache::Dictionary_client::Auto_releaser scope_releaser(
      thd.thd->dd_client());

  server_component_init();

  if (persistent_dynamic_loader_init(thd.thd)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_COMPONENTS_PERSIST_LOADER_BOOTSTRAP);
    trans_rollback_stmt(thd.thd);
    // Full rollback in case we have THD::transaction_rollback_request.
    trans_rollback(thd.thd);
    return true;
  }
  return trans_commit_stmt(thd.thd) || trans_commit(thd.thd);
}

/**
  De-initializes Component infrastructure by de-initialization of the MySQL
  Server services (persistent dynamic loader) followed by de-initailization of
  the core Components infrostructure.

  @return Status of performed operation
  @retval false success
  @retval true failure
*/
static bool component_infrastructure_deinit() {
  persistent_dynamic_loader_deinit();
  bool retval = false;

  srv_registry->release(reinterpret_cast<my_h_service>(
      const_cast<loader_scheme_type_t *>(scheme_file_srv)));
  srv_registry->release(reinterpret_cast<my_h_service>(
      const_cast<loader_type_t *>(dynamic_loader_srv)));
  srv_registry->release(reinterpret_cast<my_h_service>(
      const_cast<runtime_error_type_t *>(error_service)));
  srv_registry->release(reinterpret_cast<my_h_service>(
      const_cast<psi_system_type_t *>(system_service)));
  srv_registry->release(reinterpret_cast<my_h_service>(
      const_cast<rwlock_type_t *>(rwlock_service)));

  if (deinitialize_minimal_chassis(srv_registry)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_COMPONENTS_INFRASTRUCTURE_SHUTDOWN);
    retval = true;
  }
  /*
    It's the deinitialize_minimal_chassis() that actually unloads all
    components. Services provided by mysql_server component may still
    be required at that time. E.g. mysql_thd_store::unregister_slot()
    can be used by a component as a part of deinitialization.
    Hence, deinitialize internal data structures used by mysql_server
    component's services here.
  */
  server_component_deinit();
  return retval;
}

static bool initialize_manifest_file_components() {
  /*
    Read components from manifest file

    Note that the word 'components' is used differently in the server.
    Here we address the component service infrastructure, but in other places,
    like init_server_components() the word is used in bit different context
    and may mean general idea of modularity.
  */
  assert(strlen(mysql_real_data_home) > 0);
  g_deployed_components =
      new (std::nothrow) Deployed_components(my_progname, mysql_real_data_home);
  if (g_deployed_components == nullptr ||
      g_deployed_components->valid() == false) {
    /*Error would have been raised by Deployed_components constructor */
    g_deployed_components = nullptr;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

static void deinitialize_manifest_file_components() {
  if (g_deployed_components != nullptr) {
    /* Error if any would have been raised */
    delete g_deployed_components;
    g_deployed_components = nullptr;
  }
}

/**
  Block and wait until server components have been initialized.
*/

#ifndef _WIN32
static void server_components_init_wait() {
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_server_started);
  while (!mysqld_server_started)
    mysql_cond_wait(&COND_server_started, &LOCK_server_started);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_server_started);
}
#endif

/****************************************************************************
** Code to end mysqld
****************************************************************************/

/**
  This class implements callback function used by close_connections()
  to set KILL_CONNECTION flag on all thds in thd list.
  If m_kill_dump_thread_flag is not set it kills all other threads
  except dump threads. If this flag is set, it kills dump threads.
*/
class Set_kill_conn : public Do_THD_Impl {
 private:
  int m_dump_thread_count;
  bool m_kill_dump_threads_flag;

 public:
  Set_kill_conn() : m_dump_thread_count(0), m_kill_dump_threads_flag(false) {}

  void set_dump_thread_flag() { m_kill_dump_threads_flag = true; }

  int get_dump_thread_count() const { return m_dump_thread_count; }

  void operator()(THD *killing_thd) override {
    DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("Informing thread %u that it's time to die",
                        killing_thd->thread_id()));
    if (!m_kill_dump_threads_flag) {
      // We skip slave threads & scheduler on this first loop through.
      if (killing_thd->slave_thread) return;

      if (killing_thd->get_command() == COM_BINLOG_DUMP ||
          killing_thd->get_command() == COM_BINLOG_DUMP_GTID) {
        ++m_dump_thread_count;
        return;
      }
      DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("Check_dump_thread_is_alive", {
        assert(killing_thd->get_command() != COM_BINLOG_DUMP &&
               killing_thd->get_command() != COM_BINLOG_DUMP_GTID);
      };);
    }
    mysql_mutex_lock(&killing_thd->LOCK_thd_data);

    if (killing_thd->kill_immunizer) {
      /*
        If killing_thd is in kill immune mode (i.e. operation on new DD tables
        is in progress) then just save state_to_set with THD::kill_immunizer
        object.

        While exiting kill immune mode, awake() is called again with the killed
        state saved in THD::kill_immunizer object.
      */
      killing_thd->kill_immunizer->save_killed_state(THD::KILL_CONNECTION);
    } else {
      killing_thd->killed = THD::KILL_CONNECTION;

      MYSQL_CALLBACK(Connection_handler_manager::event_functions,
                     post_kill_notification, (killing_thd));
    }

    if (killing_thd->is_killable && killing_thd->kill_immunizer == nullptr) {
      mysql_mutex_lock(&killing_thd->LOCK_current_cond);
      if (killing_thd->current_cond.load()) {
        mysql_mutex_lock(killing_thd->current_mutex);
        mysql_cond_broadcast(killing_thd->current_cond);
        mysql_mutex_unlock(killing_thd->current_mutex);
      }
      mysql_mutex_unlock(&killing_thd->LOCK_current_cond);
    }
    mysql_mutex_unlock(&killing_thd->LOCK_thd_data);
  }
};

/**
  This class implements callback function used by close_connections()
  to close vio connection for all thds in thd list
*/
class Call_close_conn : public Do_THD_Impl {
 public:
  Call_close_conn(bool server_shutdown) : is_server_shutdown(server_shutdown) {}

  void operator()(THD *closing_thd) override {
    if (closing_thd->get_protocol()->connection_alive()) {
      LEX_CSTRING main_sctx_user = closing_thd->m_main_security_ctx.user();
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_FORCE_CLOSE_THREAD, my_progname,
             (long)closing_thd->thread_id(),
             (main_sctx_user.length ? main_sctx_user.str : ""));
      /*
        Do not generate MYSQL_AUDIT_CONNECTION_DISCONNECT event, when closing
        thread close sessions. Each session will generate DISCONNECT event by
        itself.
      */
      close_connection(closing_thd, 0, is_server_shutdown, false);
    }
  }

 private:
  bool is_server_shutdown;
};

static void close_connections(void) {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  (void)RUN_HOOK(server_state, before_server_shutdown, (nullptr));

  Per_thread_connection_handler::kill_blocked_pthreads();

  uint dump_thread_count = 0;
  uint dump_thread_kill_retries = 8;

  // Close listeners.
  if (mysqld_socket_acceptor != nullptr)
    mysqld_socket_acceptor->close_listener();
#ifdef _WIN32
  if (named_pipe_acceptor != NULL) named_pipe_acceptor->close_listener();

  if (shared_mem_acceptor != NULL) shared_mem_acceptor->close_listener();
#endif

  /*
    First signal all threads that it's time to die
    This will give the threads some time to gracefully abort their
    statements and inform their clients that the server is about to die.
  */

  Global_THD_manager *thd_manager = Global_THD_manager::get_instance();
  LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_DEPART_WITH_GRACE,
         static_cast<int>(thd_manager->get_thd_count()));

  Set_kill_conn set_kill_conn;
  thd_manager->do_for_all_thd(&set_kill_conn);
  LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_SHUTTING_DOWN_REPLICA_THREADS);
  end_slave();

  if (set_kill_conn.get_dump_thread_count()) {
    /*
      Replication dump thread should be terminated after the clients are
      terminated. Wait for few more seconds for other sessions to end.
     */
    while (thd_manager->get_thd_count() > dump_thread_count &&
           dump_thread_kill_retries) {
      sleep(1);
      dump_thread_kill_retries--;
    }
    set_kill_conn.set_dump_thread_flag();
    thd_manager->do_for_all_thd(&set_kill_conn);
  }

  // Disable the event scheduler
  Events::stop();

  if (thd_manager->get_thd_count() > 0) sleep(2);  // Give threads time to die

  /*
    Force remaining threads to die by closing the connection to the client
    This will ensure that threads that are waiting for a command from the
    client on a blocking read call are aborted.
  */

  LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_DISCONNECTING_REMAINING_CLIENTS,
         static_cast<int>(thd_manager->get_thd_count()));

  Call_close_conn call_close_conn(true);
  thd_manager->do_for_all_thd(&call_close_conn);

  (void)RUN_HOOK(server_state, after_server_shutdown, (nullptr));

  /*
    All threads have now been aborted. Stop event scheduler thread
    after aborting all client connections, otherwise user may
    start/stop event scheduler after Events::deinit() deallocates
    scheduler object(static member in Events class)
  */
  Events::deinit();
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("Waiting for threads to die (count=%u)",
                      thd_manager->get_thd_count()));
  thd_manager->wait_till_no_thd();
  /*
    Connection threads might take a little while to go down after removing from
    global thread list. Give it some time.
  */
  Connection_handler_manager::wait_till_no_connection();

  delete_slave_info_objects();
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("close_connections thread"));
}

bool signal_restart_server() {
  if (!is_mysqld_managed()) {
    my_error(ER_RESTART_SERVER_FAILED, MYF(0),
             "mysqld is not managed by supervisor process");
    return true;
  }

#ifdef _WIN32
  if (!SetEvent(hEventRestart)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SET_EVENT_FAILED, GetLastError());
    my_error(ER_RESTART_SERVER_FAILED, MYF(0), "Internal operation failure");
    return true;
  }
#else

  if (pthread_kill(signal_thread_id.thread, SIGUSR2)) {
    DBUG_PRINT("error", ("Got error %d from pthread_kill", errno));
    my_error(ER_RESTART_SERVER_FAILED, MYF(0), "Internal operation failure");
    return true;
  }
#endif
  return false;
}

void kill_mysql(void) {
  DBUG_TRACE;

  if (!mysqld_server_started) {
    mysqld_process_must_end_at_startup = true;
    return;
  }
#if defined(_WIN32)
  {
    if (!SetEvent(hEventShutdown)) {
      DBUG_PRINT("error", ("Got error: %ld from SetEvent", GetLastError()));
    }
    /*
      or:
      HANDLE hEvent=OpenEvent(0, false, "MySqlShutdown");
      SetEvent(hEventShutdown);
      CloseHandle(hEvent);
    */
  }
#else
  if (pthread_kill(signal_thread_id.thread, SIGTERM)) {
    DBUG_PRINT("error", ("Got error %d from pthread_kill",
                         errno)); /* purecov: inspected */
  }
#endif
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("After pthread_kill"));
}

static void unireg_abort(int exit_code) {
  DBUG_TRACE;

  if (errno) {
    sysd::notify("ERRNO=", errno, "\n");
  }

  if (opt_initialize && exit_code && !opt_validate_config)
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL,
           mysql_initialize_directory_freshly_created
               ? ER_DATA_DIRECTORY_UNUSABLE_DELETABLE
               : ER_DATA_DIRECTORY_UNUSABLE,
           mysql_real_data_home);

  // At this point it does not make sense to buffer more messages.
  // Just flush what we have and write directly to stderr.
  flush_error_log_messages();

  // set server state to SHUTTING DOWN as we may exit from BOOTING state
  // it helps other modules waiting for server bootup to complete, exit early
  server_operational_state = SERVER_SHUTTING_DOWN;

  if (opt_help) usage();

  bool daemon_launcher_quiet =
      (IF_WIN(false, opt_daemonize) && !mysqld::runtime::is_daemon() &&
       !is_help_or_validate_option());

  if (!daemon_launcher_quiet && exit_code) LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_ABORTING);

  mysql_audit_notify(MYSQL_AUDIT_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_SHUTDOWN,
                     MYSQL_AUDIT_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_REASON_ABORT, exit_code);
#ifndef _WIN32
  if (signal_thread_id.thread != 0) {
    // Make sure the signal thread isn't blocked when we are trying to exit.
    server_components_initialized();

    pthread_kill(signal_thread_id.thread, SIGTERM);
    my_thread_join(&signal_thread_id, nullptr);
  }
  signal_thread_id.thread = 0;

  if (mysqld::runtime::is_daemon()) {
    mysqld::runtime::signal_parent(pipe_write_fd, 0);
  }
#endif
  clean_up(!is_help_or_validate_option() && !daemon_launcher_quiet &&
           (exit_code || !opt_initialize)); /* purecov: inspected */
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("done with cleanup in unireg_abort"));
  mysqld_exit(exit_code);
}

void clean_up_mysqld_mutexes() { clean_up_mutexes(); }

static void mysqld_exit(int exit_code) {
  assert((exit_code >= MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT && exit_code <= MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT) ||
         exit_code == MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT);
  mysql_audit_finalize();
  Srv_session::module_deinit();
  delete_optimizer_cost_module();
  clean_up_mutexes();
  my_end(opt_endinfo ? MY_CHECK_ERROR | MY_GIVE_INFO : 0);
  destroy_error_log();
  log_error_read_log_exit();
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  shutdown_performance_schema();
#endif

#ifdef WITH_LOCK_ORDER
  LO_cleanup();
#endif

#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (hEventShutdown) CloseHandle(hEventShutdown);
  close_service_status_pipe_in_mysqld();
#endif  // _WIN32

  exit(exit_code); /* purecov: inspected */
}

/**
   GTID cleanup destroys objects and reset their pointer.
   Function is reentrant.
*/
void gtid_server_cleanup() {
  if (gtid_state != nullptr) {
    delete gtid_state;
    gtid_state = nullptr;
  }
  if (global_sid_map != nullptr) {
    delete global_sid_map;
    global_sid_map = nullptr;
  }
  if (global_sid_lock != nullptr) {
    delete global_sid_lock;
    global_sid_lock = nullptr;
  }
  if (gtid_table_persistor != nullptr) {
    delete gtid_table_persistor;
    gtid_table_persistor = nullptr;
  }
}

/**
   GTID initialization.

   @return true if allocation does not succeed
           false if OK
*/
bool gtid_server_init() {
  global_gtid_mode.set(
      static_cast<Gtid_mode::value_type>(Gtid_mode::sysvar_mode));
  bool res = (!(global_sid_lock = new Checkable_rwlock(
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
                    key_rwlock_global_sid_lock
#endif
                    )) ||
              !(global_sid_map = new Sid_map(global_sid_lock)) ||
              !(gtid_state = new Gtid_state(global_sid_lock, global_sid_map)) ||
              !(gtid_table_persistor = new Gtid_table_persistor()));

  if (res) {
    gtid_server_cleanup();
  }
  return res;
}

// Free connection acceptors
static void free_connection_acceptors() {
  delete mysqld_socket_acceptor;
  mysqld_socket_acceptor = nullptr;

#ifdef _WIN32
  delete named_pipe_acceptor;
  named_pipe_acceptor = NULL;
  delete shared_mem_acceptor;
  shared_mem_acceptor = NULL;
#endif
}

static bool set_server_shutting_down() {
  /* Server shutting down already set. */
  if (server_shutting_down) return true;

  mysql_rwlock_wrlock(&LOCK_server_shutting_down);
  server_shutting_down = true;
  mysql_rwlock_unlock(&LOCK_server_shutting_down);

  return false;
}

static void clean_up(bool print_message) {
  DBUG_PRINT("exit", ("clean_up"));

  if (set_server_shutting_down()) return;

  ha_pre_dd_shutdown();
  dd::shutdown();

  Events::deinit();
  stop_handle_manager();

  memcached_shutdown();

  release_keyring_handles();
  keyring_lockable_deinit();

  /*
    make sure that handlers finish up
    what they have that is dependent on the binlog
  */
  if (print_message && (!is_help_or_validate_option() || opt_verbose))
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_BINLOG_END);
  ha_binlog_end(current_thd);

  injector::free_instance();
  mysql_bin_log.cleanup();

  udf_load_service.deinit();
  delete rpl_source_io_monitor;
  rpl_source_io_monitor = nullptr;
  delete rpl_acf_configuration_handler;
  rpl_acf_configuration_handler = nullptr;

  if (use_slave_mask) bitmap_free(&slave_error_mask);
  my_tz_free();
  servers_free(true);
  acl_free(true);
  grant_free();
  hostname_cache_free();
  range_optimizer_free();
  item_func_sleep_free();
  lex_free(); /* Free some memory */
  item_create_cleanup();
  if (!opt_noacl) udf_unload_udfs();
  table_def_start_shutdown();
  delegates_shutdown();
  plugin_shutdown();
  gtid_server_cleanup();  // after plugin_shutdown
  delete_optimizer_cost_module();
  ha_end();
  if (tc_log) {
    tc_log->close();
    tc_log = nullptr;
  }

  if (dd::upgrade_57::in_progress()) delete_dictionary_tablespace();

  Recovered_xa_transactions::destroy();
  delegates_destroy();
  xa::Transaction_cache::dispose();
  MDL_context_backup_manager::destroy();
  table_def_free();
  mdl_destroy();
  key_caches.delete_elements();
  multi_keycache_free();
  query_logger.cleanup();
  free_tmpdir(&mysql_tmpdir_list);
  my_free(opt_bin_logname);
  free_max_user_conn();
  delete binlog_filter;
  rpl_channel_filters.clean_up();
  end_ssl();
  vio_end();
  u_cleanup();
#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
  /* End the debug sync facility. See debug_sync.cc. */
  debug_sync_end();
#endif /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */

  delete_pid_file(MYF(0));

  if (print_message && my_default_lc_messages && server_start_time)
    LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_COMPLETE, my_progname,
           server_version, MYSQL_COMPILATION_COMMENT_SERVER);
  cleanup_errmsgs();

  sysd::notify("STATUS=Server shutdown complete");

  free_connection_acceptors();
  Connection_handler_manager::destroy_instance();

  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize)
    resourcegroups::Resource_group_mgr::destroy_instance();
  mysql_client_plugin_deinit();

  Global_THD_manager::destroy_instance();

  my_free(const_cast<char *>(log_bin_basename));
  my_free(const_cast<char *>(log_bin_index));
  my_free(const_cast<char *>(relay_log_basename));
  my_free(const_cast<char *>(relay_log_index));
  free_list(opt_early_plugin_load_list_ptr);
  free_list(opt_plugin_load_list_ptr);

  /*
    Is this the best place for components deinit? It may be changed when new
    dependencies are discovered, possibly being divided into separate points
    where all dependencies are still ok.
  */
  log_error_stage_set(LOG_ERROR_STAGE_SHUTTING_DOWN);
  log_builtins_error_stack(LOG_ERROR_SERVICES_DEFAULT, false, nullptr);
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize) {
    unregister_pfs_notification_service();
    unregister_pfs_resource_group_service();
  }
#endif
  deinit_tls_psi_keys();
  deinitialize_manifest_file_components();
  component_infrastructure_deinit();
  /*
    component unregister_variable() api depends on system_variable_hash.
    component_infrastructure_deinit() interns calls the deinit function
    of components which are loaded, and the deinit functions can have
    the component system unregister_ variable()  api's, hence we need
    to call the sys_var_end() after component_infrastructure_deinit()
  */
  sys_var_end();
  free_status_vars();

  finish_client_errs();
  deinit_errmessage();  // finish server errs
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("Error messages freed"));

  if (have_statement_timeout == SHOW_OPTION_YES) my_timer_deinitialize();

  have_statement_timeout = SHOW_OPTION_DISABLED;

  persisted_variables_cache.cleanup();

  udf_deinit_globals();
  /*
    The following lines may never be executed as the main thread may have
    killed us
  */
  DBUG_PRINT("quit", ("done with cleanup"));
} /* clean_up */

static void clean_up_mutexes() {
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_log_throttle_qni);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_status);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_manager);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_crypt);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_user_conn);
  mysql_rwlock_destroy(&LOCK_sys_init_connect);
  mysql_rwlock_destroy(&LOCK_sys_init_replica);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_global_system_variables);
  mysql_rwlock_destroy(&LOCK_system_variables_hash);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_uuid_generator);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_sql_rand);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_prepared_stmt_count);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_replica_list);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_replica_net_timeout);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_error_messages);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_default_password_lifetime);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_mandatory_roles);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_server_started);
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_server_started);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_reset_gtid_table);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_compress_gtid_table);
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_compress_gtid_table);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_collect_instance_log);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_password_history);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_password_reuse_interval);
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_manager);
#ifdef _WIN32
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_handler_count);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_handler_count);
  mysql_rwlock_destroy(&LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group);
#endif
#ifndef _WIN32
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_socket_listener_active);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);
  mysql_cond_destroy(&COND_start_signal_handler);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_start_signal_handler);
#endif
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_keyring_operations);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_tls_ctx_options);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_partial_revokes);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_authentication_policy);
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit);
  mysql_rwlock_destroy(&LOCK_server_shutting_down);
}

/****************************************************************************
** Init IP and UNIX socket
****************************************************************************/

static void set_ports() {
  char *env;
  if (!mysqld_port &&
      !opt_disable_networking) {  // Get port if not from commandline
    mysqld_port = MYSQL_PORT;

    /*
      if builder specifically requested a default port, use that
      (even if it coincides with our factory default).
      only if they didn't do we check /etc/services (and, failing
      on that, fall back to the factory default of 3306).
      either default can be overridden by the environment variable
      MYSQL_TCP_PORT, which in turn can be overridden with command
      line options.
    */

#if MYSQL_PORT_DEFAULT == 0
    struct servent *serv_ptr;
    if ((serv_ptr = getservbyname("mysql", "tcp")))
      mysqld_port = ntohs((u_short)serv_ptr->s_port); /* purecov: inspected */
#endif
    if ((env = getenv("MYSQL_TCP_PORT")))
      mysqld_port = (uint)atoi(env); /* purecov: inspected */
  }
  if (!mysqld_unix_port) {
#ifdef _WIN32
    mysqld_unix_port = MYSQL_NAMEDPIPE;
#else
    mysqld_unix_port = MYSQL_UNIX_ADDR;
#endif
    if ((env = getenv("MYSQL_UNIX_PORT")))
      mysqld_unix_port = env; /* purecov: inspected */
  }
}

#if !defined(_WIN32)
/* Change to run as another user if started with --user */

static PasswdValue check_user(const char *user) {
  uid_t user_id = geteuid();

  PasswdValue tmp_user_info =
      (user == nullptr ? PasswdValue{} : my_getpwnam(user));

  // Don't bother if we aren't superuser
  if (user_id) {
    if (user) {
      /* Don't give a warning, if real user is same as given with --user */
      if ((tmp_user_info.IsVoid() || user_id != tmp_user_info.pw_uid))
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_USER_REQUIRES_ROOT);
    }
    return PasswdValue{};
  }
  assert(user_id == 0);  // we are running as root

  if (!user) {
    if (!opt_initialize && !is_help_or_validate_option()) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_REALLY_RUN_AS_ROOT);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
    return PasswdValue{};
  }
  /* purecov: begin tested */
  if (!strcmp(user, "root"))
    return PasswdValue{};  // Avoid problem with dynamic libraries

  if (tmp_user_info.IsVoid()) {
    // Allow a numeric uid to be used
    const char *pos;
    for (pos = user; my_isdigit(mysqld_charset, *pos); pos++)
      ;
    if (*pos)  // Not numeric id
      goto err;

    tmp_user_info = my_getpwuid(atoi(user));
    if (tmp_user_info.IsVoid()) goto err;
  }
  return tmp_user_info;
  /* purecov: end */

err:
  LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_USER_WHAT_USER, user);
  unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  return PasswdValue{};
}

namespace mysqld_funcs_unit_test {
PasswdValue check_user_drv(const char *user) { return check_user(user); }
}  // namespace mysqld_funcs_unit_test

static void set_user(const char *user, const PasswdValue &user_info_arg) {
  /* purecov: begin tested */
  assert(user_info_arg.IsVoid() == false);
#ifdef HAVE_INITGROUPS
  initgroups(user, user_info_arg.pw_gid);
#endif
  if (setgid(user_info_arg.pw_gid) == -1) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_SETGID, strerror(errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  if (setuid(user_info_arg.pw_uid) == -1) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_SETUID, strerror(errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PRCTL_H
  if (test_flags & TEST_CORE_ON_SIGNAL) {
    /* inform kernel that process is dumpable */
    (void)prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 1);
  }
#endif

  /* purecov: end */
}

static void set_effective_user(const PasswdValue &user_info_arg) {
  assert(user_info_arg.IsVoid() == false);
  if (setregid((gid_t)-1, user_info_arg.pw_gid) == -1) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_SETREGID, strerror(errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  if (setreuid((uid_t)-1, user_info_arg.pw_uid) == -1) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_SETREUID, strerror(errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
}

/** Change root user if started with @c --chroot . */
static void set_root(const char *path) {
  if (chroot(path) == -1) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_CHROOT, strerror(errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  my_setwd("/", MYF(0));
}
#endif  // !_WIN32

/**
  Check that an address value is a wildcard IP value,
  that is it has either the value 0.0.0.0 for IPv4 or the value ::1 in
  case IPv6, or has the specially treated symbol * as its value.

  @param address_value   Address value to check
  @param address_length  Address length

  @return true in case the address value is a wildcard value, else false.
*/
bool check_address_is_wildcard(const char *address_value,
                               size_t address_length) {
  return
      // Wildcard is not allowed in case a comma separated list of
      // addresses is specified
      native_strncasecmp(address_value, MY_BIND_ALL_ADDRESSES,
                         address_length) == 0 ||
      // The specially treated address :: is not allowed in case
      // a comma separated list of addresses is specified
      native_strncasecmp(address_value, ipv6_all_addresses, address_length) ==
          0 ||
      // The specially treated address 0.0.0.0 is not allowed in case
      // a comma separated list of addresses is specified
      native_strncasecmp(address_value, ipv4_all_addresses, address_length) ==
          0;
}

/**
  Take a string representing host or ip address followed by
  optional delimiter '/' and namespace name and put address part
  and namespace part into corresponding output parameters.

  @param begin_address_value  start of a string containing an address value
  @param end_address_value  pointer to an end of string containing
                            an address value. Has the value nullptr in case
                            address value not continue
  @param [out] address_value  address value extracted from address string
  @param [out] network_namespace  network namespace extracted from
                                  the address string value if any

  @return false on success, true on address format error
*/
static bool parse_address_string(const char *begin_address_value,
                                 const char *end_address_value,
                                 std::string *address_value,
                                 std::string *network_namespace) {
  const char *namespace_separator = strchr(begin_address_value, '/');

  if (namespace_separator != nullptr) {
    if (begin_address_value == namespace_separator)
      /*
        Parse error: there is no character before '/',
        that is missed address value
      */
      return true;

    if (namespace_separator < end_address_value) {
      if (end_address_value - namespace_separator == 1)
        /*
          Parse error: there is no character immediately after '/',
          that is missed namespace name.
        */
        return true;

      /*
        Found namespace delimiter. Extract namespace and address values
      */
      *address_value = std::string(begin_address_value, namespace_separator);
      *network_namespace =
          std::string(namespace_separator + 1, end_address_value);
    } else if (end_address_value != nullptr)
      /*
        This branch corresponds to the case when namespace separator is located
        after the last character of the address subvalue being processed.
        For example, if the following string '192.168.1.1,172.1.1.1/red'
        passed into the function create_bind_address_info_from_string(),
        then during handling of the address 192.168.1.1 search of '/'
        will return a position after the end of the sub string 192.168.1.1
        (in the next sub string 172.1.1.1/red) that should be ignored.
      */
      *address_value = std::string(begin_address_value, end_address_value);
    else {
      /*
        This branch corresponds to the case when namespace separator is located
        at the last part of address values. For example,
        this branch is executed during handling of the following value
        192.168.1.1,::1,::1/greeen for the option --bind-address.
      */
      *address_value = std::string(begin_address_value, namespace_separator);
      *network_namespace = std::string(namespace_separator + 1);
      if (*(namespace_separator + 1) == 0)
        /*
          Parse error: there is no character immediately
          after '/' - a namespace name missed.
        */
        return true;
    }
  } else {
    /*
      Regular address without network namespace found.
    */
    *address_value = end_address_value != nullptr
                         ? std::string(begin_address_value, end_address_value)
                         : std::string(begin_address_value);
  }

  return false;
}

/**
  Parse a value of address sub string with checking of address string format,
  extract address part and namespace part of the address value, and store
  their values into the argument valid_bind_addresses.

  @return false on success, true on address format error
*/
static bool create_bind_address_info_from_string(
    const char *begin_address_value, const char *end_address_value,
    std::list<Bind_address_info> *valid_bind_addresses) {
  Bind_address_info bind_address_info;
  std::string address_value, network_namespace;

  if (parse_address_string(begin_address_value, end_address_value,
                           &address_value, &network_namespace))
    return true;

  if (network_namespace.empty())
    bind_address_info = Bind_address_info(address_value);
  else {
    /*
      Wildcard value is not allowed in case network namespace specified
      for address value in the option bind-address.
    */
    if (check_address_is_wildcard(address_value.c_str(),
                                  address_value.length())) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL,
             ER_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_NOT_ALLOWED_FOR_WILDCARD_ADDRESS);
      return true;
    }

    bind_address_info = Bind_address_info(address_value, network_namespace);
  }

  valid_bind_addresses->emplace_back(bind_address_info);

  return false;
}

/**
  Check acceptable value(s) of parameter bind-address

  @param      bind_address          Value of the parameter bind-address
  @param[out] valid_bind_addresses  List of addresses to listen and their
                                    corresponding network namespaces if set.

  @return false on success, true on failure
*/
static bool check_bind_address_has_valid_value(
    const char *bind_address,
    std::list<Bind_address_info> *valid_bind_addresses) {
  if (strlen(bind_address) == 0)
    // Empty value for bind_address is an error
    return true;

  const char *comma_separator = strchr(bind_address, ',');
  const char *begin_of_value = bind_address;
  const bool multiple_bind_addresses = (comma_separator != nullptr);

  if (comma_separator == begin_of_value)
    // Return an error if a value of bind_address begins with comma
    return true;

  while (comma_separator != nullptr) {
    Bind_address_info bind_address_info;
    std::string address_value, network_namespace;
    /*
      Wildcard value is not allowed in case multi-addresses value specified
      for the option bind-address.
    */
    if (check_address_is_wildcard(begin_of_value,
                                  comma_separator - begin_of_value)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_WILDCARD_NOT_ALLOWED_FOR_MULTIADDRESS_BIND);

      return true;
    }

    if (create_bind_address_info_from_string(begin_of_value, comma_separator,
                                             valid_bind_addresses))
      return true;

    begin_of_value = comma_separator + 1;
    comma_separator = strchr(begin_of_value, ',');
    if (comma_separator == begin_of_value)
      // Return an error if a value of bind_address has two adjacent commas
      return true;
  }

  /*
    Wildcard value is not allowed in case multi-addresses value specified
    for the option bind-address.
  */
  if (multiple_bind_addresses &&
      (check_address_is_wildcard(begin_of_value, strlen(begin_of_value)) ||
       strlen(begin_of_value) == 0))
    return true;

  if (create_bind_address_info_from_string(begin_of_value, comma_separator,
                                           valid_bind_addresses))
    return true;

  return false;
}

/**
  Check acceptable value(s) of the parameter admin-address

  @param      admin_bind_addr_str   Value of the parameter admin-address
  @param[out] admin_address_info    List of addresses to listen and their
                                    corresponding network namespaces if set.

  @return false on success, true on failure
*/
static bool check_admin_address_has_valid_value(
    const char *admin_bind_addr_str, Bind_address_info *admin_address_info) {
  std::string address_value, network_namespace;

  if (parse_address_string(admin_bind_addr_str, nullptr, &address_value,
                           &network_namespace))
    return true;

  if (check_address_is_wildcard(address_value.c_str(),
                                address_value.length())) {
    if (!network_namespace.empty())
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL,
             ER_NETWORK_NAMESPACE_NOT_ALLOWED_FOR_WILDCARD_ADDRESS);

    return true;
  }

  if (network_namespace.empty())
    *admin_address_info = Bind_address_info(address_value);
  else
    *admin_address_info = Bind_address_info(address_value, network_namespace);

  return false;
}

static bool network_init(void) {
  if (opt_initialize) return false;

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
  std::string const unix_sock_name(mysqld_unix_port ? mysqld_unix_port : "");
#else
  std::string const unix_sock_name("");
#endif

  std::list<Bind_address_info> bind_addresses_info;

  if (!opt_disable_networking || unix_sock_name != "") {
    if (my_bind_addr_str != nullptr &&
        check_bind_address_has_valid_value(my_bind_addr_str,
                                           &bind_addresses_info)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_VALUE_OF_BIND_ADDRESSES, my_bind_addr_str);
      return true;
    }

    Bind_address_info admin_address_info;
    if (!opt_disable_networking) {
      if (my_admin_bind_addr_str != nullptr &&
          check_admin_address_has_valid_value(my_admin_bind_addr_str,
                                              &admin_address_info)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_ADMIN_ADDRESS, my_admin_bind_addr_str);
        return true;
      }
      /*
        Port 0 is interpreted by implementations of TCP protocol
        as a hint to find a first free port value to use and bind to it.
        On the other hand, the option mysqld_admin_port can be assigned
        the value 0 if a user specified a value that is out of allowable
        range of values. Therefore, to avoid a case when an operating
        system binds admin interface to am arbitrary selected port value,
        set it explicitly to the value MYSQL_ADMIN_PORT in case it has value 0.
      */
      if (mysqld_admin_port == 0) mysqld_admin_port = MYSQL_ADMIN_PORT;
    }
    Mysqld_socket_listener *mysqld_socket_listener = new (std::nothrow)
        Mysqld_socket_listener(bind_addresses_info, mysqld_port,
                               admin_address_info, mysqld_admin_port,
                               admin_address_info.address.empty()
                                   ? false
                                   : listen_admin_interface_in_separate_thread,
                               back_log, mysqld_port_timeout, unix_sock_name);
    if (mysqld_socket_listener == nullptr) return true;

    mysqld_socket_acceptor = new (std::nothrow)
        Connection_acceptor<Mysqld_socket_listener>(mysqld_socket_listener);
    if (mysqld_socket_acceptor == nullptr) {
      delete mysqld_socket_listener;
      mysqld_socket_listener = nullptr;
      return true;
    }

    if (mysqld_socket_acceptor->init_connection_acceptor())
      return true;  // mysqld_socket_acceptor would be freed in unireg_abort.

    if (report_port == 0) report_port = mysqld_port;

    if (!opt_disable_networking) assert(report_port != 0);
  }
#ifdef _WIN32
  // Create named pipe
  if (opt_enable_named_pipe) {
    std::string pipe_name = mysqld_unix_port ? mysqld_unix_port : "";

    named_pipe_listener = new (std::nothrow) Named_pipe_listener(&pipe_name);
    if (named_pipe_listener == NULL) return true;

    named_pipe_acceptor = new (std::nothrow)
        Connection_acceptor<Named_pipe_listener>(named_pipe_listener);
    if (named_pipe_acceptor == NULL) {
      delete named_pipe_listener;
      named_pipe_listener = NULL;
      return true;
    }

    if (named_pipe_acceptor->init_connection_acceptor())
      return true;  // named_pipe_acceptor would be freed in unireg_abort.
  }

  // Setup shared_memory acceptor
  if (opt_enable_shared_memory) {
    std::string shared_mem_base_name =
        shared_memory_base_name ? shared_memory_base_name : "";

    Shared_mem_listener *shared_mem_listener =
        new (std::nothrow) Shared_mem_listener(&shared_mem_base_name);
    if (shared_mem_listener == NULL) return true;

    shared_mem_acceptor = new (std::nothrow)
        Connection_acceptor<Shared_mem_listener>(shared_mem_listener);
    if (shared_mem_acceptor == NULL) {
      delete shared_mem_listener;
      shared_mem_listener = NULL;
      return true;
    }

    if (shared_mem_acceptor->init_connection_acceptor())
      return true;  // shared_mem_acceptor would be freed in unireg_abort.
  }
#endif  // _WIN32
  return false;
}

#ifdef _WIN32
static uint handler_count = 0;

static inline void decrement_handler_count() {
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_handler_count);
  handler_count--;
  mysql_cond_signal(&COND_handler_count);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_handler_count);
}

extern "C" void *socket_conn_event_handler(void *arg) {
  my_thread_init();

  Connection_acceptor<Mysqld_socket_listener> *conn_acceptor =
      static_cast<Connection_acceptor<Mysqld_socket_listener> *>(arg);
  conn_acceptor->connection_event_loop();

  decrement_handler_count();
  my_thread_end();
  return 0;
}

extern "C" void *named_pipe_conn_event_handler(void *arg) {
  my_thread_init();

  Connection_acceptor<Named_pipe_listener> *conn_acceptor =
      static_cast<Connection_acceptor<Named_pipe_listener> *>(arg);
  conn_acceptor->connection_event_loop();

  decrement_handler_count();
  my_thread_end();
  return 0;
}

extern "C" void *shared_mem_conn_event_handler(void *arg) {
  my_thread_init();

  Connection_acceptor<Shared_mem_listener> *conn_acceptor =
      static_cast<Connection_acceptor<Shared_mem_listener> *>(arg);
  conn_acceptor->connection_event_loop();

  decrement_handler_count();
  my_thread_end();
  return 0;
}

void setup_conn_event_handler_threads() {
  my_thread_handle hThread;

  DBUG_TRACE;

  if ((!have_tcpip || opt_disable_networking) && !opt_enable_shared_memory &&
      !opt_enable_named_pipe) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_WIN_LISTEN_BUT_HOW);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);  // Will not return
  }

  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_handler_count);
  handler_count = 0;

  if (opt_enable_named_pipe) {
    int error = mysql_thread_create(
        key_thread_handle_con_namedpipes, &hThread, &connection_attrib,
        named_pipe_conn_event_handler, named_pipe_acceptor);
    if (!error)
      handler_count++;
    else
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_NAMED_PIPES_THREAD, error);
  }

  if (have_tcpip && !opt_disable_networking) {
    int error = mysql_thread_create(
        key_thread_handle_con_sockets, &hThread, &connection_attrib,
        socket_conn_event_handler, mysqld_socket_acceptor);
    if (!error)
      handler_count++;
    else
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_TCPIP_THREAD, error);
  }

  if (opt_enable_shared_memory) {
    int error = mysql_thread_create(
        key_thread_handle_con_sharedmem, &hThread, &connection_attrib,
        shared_mem_conn_event_handler, shared_mem_acceptor);
    if (!error)
      handler_count++;
    else
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_SHM_THREAD, error);
  }

  // Block until all connection listener threads have exited.
  while (handler_count > 0)
    mysql_cond_wait(&COND_handler_count, &LOCK_handler_count);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_handler_count);
}

/*
  On Windows, we use native SetConsoleCtrlHandler for handle events like Ctrl-C
  with graceful shutdown.
  Also, we do not use signal(), but SetUnhandledExceptionFilter instead - as it
  provides possibility to pass the exception to just-in-time debugger, collect
  dumps and potentially also the exception and thread context used to output
  callstack.
*/

static BOOL WINAPI console_event_handler(DWORD type) {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  if (type == CTRL_C_EVENT) {
    /*
      Do not shutdown before startup is finished and shutdown
      thread is initialized. Otherwise there is a race condition
      between main thread doing initialization and CTRL-C thread doing
      cleanup, which can result into crash.
    */
    if (hEventShutdown)
      kill_mysql();
    else
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_NOT_RIGHT_NOW);
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

#ifdef DEBUG_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_FILTER
#define DEBUGGER_ATTACH_TIMEOUT 120
/*
  Wait for debugger to attach and break into debugger. If debugger is not
  attached, resume after timeout.
*/
static void wait_for_debugger(int timeout_sec) {
  if (!IsDebuggerPresent()) {
    int i;
    printf("Waiting for debugger to attach, pid=%u\n", GetCurrentProcessId());
    fflush(stdout);
    for (i = 0; i < timeout_sec; i++) {
      Sleep(1000);
      if (IsDebuggerPresent()) {
        /* Break into debugger */
        __debugbreak();
        return;
      }
    }
    printf("pid=%u, debugger not attached after %d seconds, resuming\n",
           GetCurrentProcessId(), timeout_sec);
    fflush(stdout);
  }
}
#endif /* DEBUG_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_FILTER */

LONG WINAPI my_unhandler_exception_filter(EXCEPTION_POINTERS *ex_pointers) {
  static BOOL first_time = true;
  if (!first_time) {
    /*
      This routine can be called twice, typically
      when detaching in JIT debugger.
      Return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER to terminate process.
    */
    return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;
  }
  first_time = false;
#ifdef DEBUG_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_FILTER
  /*
   Unfortunately there is no clean way to debug unhandled exception filters,
   as debugger does not stop there(also documented in MSDN)
   To overcome, one could put a MessageBox, but this will not work in service.
   Better solution is to print error message and sleep some minutes
   until debugger is attached
*/
  wait_for_debugger(DEBUGGER_ATTACH_TIMEOUT);
#endif /* DEBUG_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_FILTER */
  __try {
    my_set_exception_pointers(ex_pointers);
    handle_fatal_signal(ex_pointers->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode);
  } __except (EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) {
    DWORD written;
    const char msg[] = "Got exception in exception handler!\n";
    WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), msg, sizeof(msg) - 1, &written,
              NULL);
  }
  /*
    Return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH to give JIT debugger
    (drwtsn32 or vsjitdebugger) possibility to attach,
    if JIT debugger is configured.
    Windows Error reporting might generate a dump here.
  */
  return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;
}

void my_init_signals() {
  if (opt_console) SetConsoleCtrlHandler(console_event_handler, true);

  /* Avoid MessageBox()es*/
  _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
  _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
  _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ERROR, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
  _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ERROR, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);
  _CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
  _CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_ASSERT, _CRTDBG_FILE_STDERR);

  /*
    Do not use SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX in the following SetErrorMode (),
    because it would prevent JIT debugger and Windows error reporting
    from working. We need WER or JIT-debugging, since our own unhandled
    exception filter is not guaranteed to work in all situation
    (like heap corruption or stack overflow)
  */
  SetErrorMode(SetErrorMode(0) | SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS |
               SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX);
  SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(my_unhandler_exception_filter);
}

#else  // !_WIN32

extern "C" {
static void empty_signal_handler(int sig [[maybe_unused]]) {}
}

void my_init_signals() {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  struct sigaction sa;
  (void)sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);

  if (!(test_flags & TEST_NO_STACKTRACE) ||
      (test_flags & TEST_CORE_ON_SIGNAL)) {
#ifdef HAVE_STACKTRACE
    my_init_stacktrace();
#endif

    if (test_flags & TEST_CORE_ON_SIGNAL) {
      // Change limits so that we will get a core file.
      struct rlimit rl;
      rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
      if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rl)) LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CORE_VALUES);
    }

    /*
      SA_RESETHAND resets handler action to default when entering handler.
      SA_NODEFER allows receiving the same signal during handler.
      E.g. SIGABRT during our signal handler will dump core (default action).
    */
    sa.sa_flags = SA_RESETHAND | SA_NODEFER;
    sa.sa_handler = handle_fatal_signal;
    // Treat these as fatal and handle them.
    sigaction(SIGABRT, &sa, nullptr);
    sigaction(SIGFPE, &sa, nullptr);
    // Handle these as well, except for ASAN/UBSAN builds:
    // we let sanitizer runtime handle them instead.
#if defined(HANDLE_FATAL_SIGNALS)
    sigaction(SIGBUS, &sa, nullptr);
    sigaction(SIGILL, &sa, nullptr);
    sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sa, nullptr);
#endif
  }

  // Ignore SIGPIPE
  sa.sa_flags = 0;
  sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
  (void)sigaction(SIGPIPE, &sa, nullptr);

  // SIGALRM is used to interrupt the socket listener.
  sa.sa_handler = empty_signal_handler;
  (void)sigaction(SIGALRM, &sa, nullptr);

  // Fix signals if ignored by parents (can happen on Mac OS X).
  sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
  (void)sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, nullptr);
  (void)sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, nullptr);
  (void)sigaction(SIGUSR1, &sa, nullptr);

  (void)sigemptyset(&mysqld_signal_mask);
  /*
    Block SIGQUIT, SIGHUP, SIGTERM, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2.
    The signal handler thread does sigwait() on these.
  */
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGQUIT);
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGHUP);
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGTERM);
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGTSTP);
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGUSR1);
  (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGUSR2);
  /*
    Block SIGINT unless debugging to prevent Ctrl+C from causing
    unclean shutdown of the server.
  */
  if (!(test_flags & TEST_SIGINT)) (void)sigaddset(&mysqld_signal_mask, SIGINT);
  pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mysqld_signal_mask, nullptr);
}

static void start_signal_handler() {
  int error;
  my_thread_attr_t thr_attr;
  DBUG_TRACE;

  (void)my_thread_attr_init(&thr_attr);
  (void)pthread_attr_setscope(&thr_attr, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM);
  (void)my_thread_attr_setdetachstate(&thr_attr, MY_THREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);

  size_t guardize = 0;
  (void)pthread_attr_getguardsize(&thr_attr, &guardize);
#if defined(__ia64__) || defined(__ia64)
  /*
    Peculiar things with ia64 platforms - it seems we only have half the
    stack size in reality, so we have to double it here
  */
  guardize = my_thread_stack_size;
#endif
  if (0 !=
      my_thread_attr_setstacksize(&thr_attr, my_thread_stack_size + guardize)) {
    assert(false);
  }

  /*
    Set main_thread_id so that SIGTERM/SIGQUIT/SIGKILL/SIGUSR2 can interrupt
    the socket listener successfully.
  */
  main_thread_id = my_thread_self();

  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_start_signal_handler);
  if ((error = mysql_thread_create(key_thread_signal_hand, &signal_thread_id,
                                   &thr_attr, signal_hand, nullptr))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_INTERRUPT_THREAD, error, errno);
    flush_error_log_messages();
    exit(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  mysql_cond_wait(&COND_start_signal_handler, &LOCK_start_signal_handler);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_start_signal_handler);

  (void)my_thread_attr_destroy(&thr_attr);
}

/** This thread handles SIGTERM, SIGQUIT, SIGHUP, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2 signals.
 */
/* ARGSUSED */
extern "C" void *signal_hand(void *arg [[maybe_unused]]) {
  my_thread_init();

  sigset_t set;
  (void)sigemptyset(&set);
  (void)sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
  (void)sigaddset(&set, SIGQUIT);
  (void)sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP);
  (void)sigaddset(&set, SIGUSR1);
  (void)sigaddset(&set, SIGUSR2);

  /*
    Signal to start_signal_handler that we are ready.
    This works by waiting for start_signal_handler to free mutex,
    after which we signal it that we are ready.
  */
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_start_signal_handler);
  mysql_cond_broadcast(&COND_start_signal_handler);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_start_signal_handler);

  /*
    Wait until that all server components have been successfully initialized.
    This step is mandatory since signal processing can be done safely only when
    all server components have been initialized.
  */
  server_components_init_wait();
  for (;;) {
    int sig = 0;
    int rc;
    bool error;
#ifdef __APPLE__
    while ((rc = sigwait(&set, &sig)) == EINTR) {
    }
    error = rc != 0;
#else
    siginfo_t sig_info;
    while ((rc = sigwaitinfo(&set, &sig_info)) == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
    }
    error = rc == -1;
    if (!error) sig = sig_info.si_signo;
#endif             // __APPLE__
    if (error)
      sql_print_error(
          "Fatal error in signal handling thread. sigwait/sigwaitinfo returned "
          "error  %d\n. Exiting signal handler "
          "thread.",
          errno);

    if (error || server_shutting_down) {
      my_thread_end();
      my_thread_exit(nullptr);  // Safety
      return nullptr;           // Avoid compiler warnings
    }
    switch (sig) {
      case SIGUSR2:
        signal_hand_thr_exit_code = MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT;
#ifndef __APPLE__  // Mac OS doesn't have sigwaitinfo.
                   //  Log a note if mysqld is restarted via kill command.
        if (sig_info.si_pid != getpid()) {
          sql_print_information(
              "Received signal SIGUSR2."
              " Restarting mysqld (Version %s)",
              server_version);
        }
#endif             // __APPLE__
        [[fallthrough]];
      case SIGTERM:
      case SIGQUIT:
#ifndef __APPLE__  // Mac OS doesn't have sigwaitinfo.
        if (sig_info.si_pid != getpid())
          LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_INFO, "<via user signal>",
                 server_version, MYSQL_COMPILATION_COMMENT_SERVER);
#else
        LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_INFO, "<via user signal>",
               server_version, MYSQL_COMPILATION_COMMENT_SERVER);
#endif  // __APPLE__
        // Switch to the file log message processing.
        query_logger.set_handlers((log_output_options != LOG_NONE) ? LOG_FILE
                                                                   : LOG_NONE);
        DBUG_PRINT("info",
                   ("Got signal: %d  connection_events_loop_aborted: %d", sig,
                    connection_events_loop_aborted()));
        if (!connection_events_loop_aborted()) {
          // Mark abort for threads.
          set_connection_events_loop_aborted(true);
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
          // Delete the instrumentation for the signal thread.
          PSI_THREAD_CALL(delete_current_thread)();
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE */
          /*
            Kill the socket listener.
            The main thread will then set socket_listener_active= false,
            and wait for us to finish all the cleanup below.
          */
          mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);
          while (socket_listener_active) {
            DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Killing socket listener"));
            if (pthread_kill(main_thread_id, SIGALRM)) {
              assert(false);
              break;
            }
            mysql_cond_wait(&COND_socket_listener_active,
                            &LOCK_socket_listener_active);
          }
          mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);

          close_connections();
        }
        my_thread_end();
        my_thread_exit(nullptr);
        return nullptr;  // Avoid compiler warnings
        break;
      case SIGHUP:
        if (!connection_events_loop_aborted()) {
          int not_used;
          handle_reload_request(
              nullptr,
              (REFRESH_LOG | REFRESH_TABLES | REFRESH_FAST | REFRESH_GRANT |
               REFRESH_THREADS | REFRESH_HOSTS),
              nullptr, &not_used);  // Flush logs
          // Re-enable query logs after the options were reloaded.
          query_logger.set_handlers(log_output_options);
        }
        break;
      case SIGUSR1:
        if (!connection_events_loop_aborted()) {
          int not_used;
          handle_reload_request(
              nullptr,
              (REFRESH_ERROR_LOG |   /**< Rotate only the error log */
               REFRESH_GENERAL_LOG | /**< Flush the general log */
               REFRESH_SLOW_LOG),    /**< Flush the slow query log */
              nullptr, &not_used);   // Flush logs
          // Re-enable query logs after the options were reloaded.
          query_logger.set_handlers(log_output_options);
        }
        break;
      default:
        break; /* purecov: tested */
    }
  }
  return nullptr; /* purecov: deadcode */
}

#endif  // !_WIN32

/**
  All global error messages are sent here where the first one is stored
  for the client.
*/
/* ARGSUSED */
extern "C" void my_message_sql(uint error, const char *str, myf MyFlags);

void my_message_sql(uint error, const char *str, myf MyFlags) {
  THD *thd = current_thd;
  DBUG_TRACE;
  DBUG_PRINT("error", ("error: %u  message: '%s'", error, str));

  assert(str != nullptr);
  /*
    An error should have a valid error number (!= 0), so it can be caught
    in stored procedures by SQL exception handlers.
    Calling my_error() with error == 0 is a bug.
    Remaining known places to fix:
    - storage/myisam/mi_create.c, my_printf_error()
    TODO:
    assert(error != 0);
  */

  if (error == 0) {
    /* At least, prevent new abuse ... */
    assert(strncmp(str, "MyISAM table", 12) == 0);
    error = ER_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
  }

  /* Caller wishes to inform client, and one is attached. */
  if (thd) {
    (void)thd->raise_condition(error, nullptr, Sql_condition::SL_ERROR, str,
                               MyFlags & ME_FATALERROR);

    /*
      Now for an argument check.
      We're asserting after rather than before raising the
      condition to make the culprit easier to track down.

      Messages intended for the error-log are in the range
      starting at ER_SERVER_RANGE_START (error_code 10,000);
      messages intended for sending to a client are in the
      range below ER_SERVER_RANGE_START. If a message is to
      be sent to both a client and the error log, it must
      be added twice (once in each range), and two separate
      calls (e.g. my_error() and LogErr()) must be added to
      the code.

      Only error-codes from the client range should be seen
      in this if(). If your patch asserts here, one of two
      things probably happened:

      - You added a new message to messages_to_error_log.txt:
        The message was added to the server range, but code
        was added that tries to send the message to a client
        (my_error(), push_warning_printf(), etc.).

        => Move the new message to messages_to_clients.txt.
           The copied message should be added at the end of
           the range for the lowest server version you're adding
           the message to.
           Rebuild the server; rerun your test.

      - You used an existing message:
        The existing message is intended for use with
        the error-log (it appears in messages_to_error_log.txt),
        but the new code tries to send it to a client (my_error(),
        push_warning_printf(), etc.).

        => Copy the existing message to messages_to_clients.txt.
           - The copied message should be added at the end of
             the range for the lowest server version you're adding
             the message to.
           - The copied message will need its own symbol;
             if in doubt, call the copy of ER_EXAMPLE_MESSAGE
             ER_DA_EXAMPLE_MESSAGE (as this version is for use
             with the diagnostics area).
           Then make sure that your new code references
           this new symbol when it sends the message
           to a client.
           Rebuild the server; rerun your test.

      We'll assert this here (rather than in raise_condition) as
      SQL's SIGNAL command also calls raise_condition, and SIGNAL
      is currently allowed to set any error-code (regardless of
      range). SIGNALing an error-code from the error-log range
      will not result in writing to that log to prevent abuse.
    */
    assert(error < ER_SERVER_RANGE_START);
  }

  /* When simulating OOM, skip writing to error log to avoid mtr errors */
  DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("simulate_out_of_memory", return;);

  /*
    Caller wishes to send to both the client and the error-log.
    This is legacy behaviour that is no longer legal as errors flagged
    to a client and those sent to the error-log are in different
    numeric ranges now. If you own code that does this, see about
    updating it by splitting it into two calls, one sending status
    to the client, the other sending it to the error-log using
    LogErr() and friends.
  */
  if (MyFlags & ME_ERRORLOG) {
    /*
      We've removed most uses of ME_ERRORLOG in the server.
      This leaves three possible cases, in which we'll rewrite
      the error-code from one in the client-range to one in
      the error-log range here:

      - EE_OUTOFMEMORY: Correct to ER_SERVER_OUT_OF_RESOURCES so
                        mysys can remain logger-agnostic.

      - HA_* range:     Correct to catch-all ER_SERVER_HANDLER_ERROR.

      - otherwise:      Flag as using info from the diagnostics area
                        (ER_ERROR_INFO_FROM_DA). This is a failsafe;
                        if your code triggers it, your code is probably
                        wrong.
    */
    if ((error == EE_OUTOFMEMORY) || (error == HA_ERR_OUT_OF_MEM))
      error = ER_SERVER_OUT_OF_RESOURCES;
    else if (error <= HA_ERR_LAST)
      error = ER_SERVER_HANDLER_ERROR;

    if (error < ER_SERVER_RANGE_START)
      LogEvent()
          .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
          .prio(ERROR_LEVEL)
          .errcode(ER_ERROR_INFO_FROM_DA)
          .lookup(ER_ERROR_INFO_FROM_DA, error, str);
    else
      LogEvent()
          .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
          .prio(ERROR_LEVEL)
          .errcode(error)
          .verbatim(str);

    /*
      This is no longer supported behaviour except for the cases
      outlined above, so flag anything else in debug builds!
      (We're bailing after rather than before printing to make the
      culprit easier to track down.)
    */
    assert((error == ER_FEATURE_NOT_AVAILABLE) ||
           (error >= ER_SERVER_RANGE_START));
  }

  /*
    Caller wishes to send to client, but none is attached, so we send
    to error-log instead.
  */
  else if (!thd) {
    LogEvent()
        .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
        .subsys(LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG)
        .prio(ERROR_LEVEL)
        .errcode((error < ER_SERVER_RANGE_START)
                     ? ER_SERVER_NO_SESSION_TO_SEND_TO
                     : error)
        .lookup(ER_SERVER_NO_SESSION_TO_SEND_TO, error, str);
  }
}

extern "C" void *my_str_malloc_mysqld(size_t size);
extern "C" void my_str_free_mysqld(void *ptr);
extern "C" void *my_str_realloc_mysqld(void *ptr, size_t size);

void *my_str_malloc_mysqld(size_t size) {
  return my_malloc(key_memory_my_str_malloc, size, MYF(MY_FAE));
}

void my_str_free_mysqld(void *ptr) { my_free(ptr); }

void *my_str_realloc_mysqld(void *ptr, size_t size) {
  return my_realloc(key_memory_my_str_malloc, ptr, size, MYF(MY_FAE));
}

const char *load_default_groups[] = {
#ifdef WITH_NDBCLUSTER_STORAGE_ENGINE
    "mysql_cluster",
#endif
    "mysqld",        "server", MYSQL_BASE_VERSION, nullptr, nullptr};

#if defined(_WIN32)
static const int load_default_groups_sz =
    sizeof(load_default_groups) / sizeof(load_default_groups[0]);
#endif

/**
  This function is used to check for stack overrun for pathological
  cases of regular expressions and 'like' expressions.
  The call to current_thd is quite expensive, so we try to avoid it
  for the normal cases.
  The size of each stack frame for the wildcmp() routines is ~128 bytes,
  so checking *every* recursive call is not necessary.
 */
extern "C" {
static int check_enough_stack_size(int recurse_level) {
  uchar stack_top;
  if (recurse_level % 16 != 0) return 0;

  THD *my_thd = current_thd;
  if (my_thd != nullptr)
    return check_stack_overrun(my_thd, STACK_MIN_SIZE * 4, &stack_top);
  return 0;
}
}  // extern "C"

SHOW_VAR com_status_vars[] = {
    {"admin_commands", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_other),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"assign_to_keycache",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ASSIGN_TO_KEYCACHE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_db",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_DB]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_event",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_EVENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_function",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_FUNCTION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_instance",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_INSTANCE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_procedure",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_PROCEDURE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_resource_group",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_RESOURCE_GROUP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_server",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_SERVER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_table",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_TABLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_tablespace",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_TABLESPACE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_user",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_USER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"alter_user_default_role",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ALTER_USER_DEFAULT_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"analyze",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ANALYZE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"begin", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_BEGIN]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"binlog",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_BINLOG_BASE64_EVENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"call_procedure",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CALL]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"change_db",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHANGE_DB]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"change_master",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHANGE_MASTER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"change_repl_filter",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHANGE_REPLICATION_FILTER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"change_replication_source",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHANGE_MASTER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"check", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHECK]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"checksum",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CHECKSUM]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"clone", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CLONE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"commit",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_COMMIT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_db",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_DB]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_event",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_EVENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_function",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_SPFUNCTION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_index",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_INDEX]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_procedure",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_PROCEDURE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_role",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_server",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_SERVER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_table",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_TABLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_resource_group",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_RESOURCE_GROUP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_trigger",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_TRIGGER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_udf",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_FUNCTION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_user",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_USER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_view",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_VIEW]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"create_spatial_reference_system",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_CREATE_SRS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"dealloc_sql",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DEALLOCATE_PREPARE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"delete",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DELETE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"delete_multi",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DELETE_MULTI]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"do", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DO]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_db",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_DB]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_event",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_EVENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_function",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_FUNCTION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_index",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_INDEX]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_procedure",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_PROCEDURE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_resource_group",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_RESOURCE_GROUP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_role",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_server",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_SERVER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_spatial_reference_system",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_SRS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_table",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_TABLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_trigger",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_TRIGGER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_user",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_USER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"drop_view",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_DROP_VIEW]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"empty_query",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_EMPTY_QUERY]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"execute_sql",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_EXECUTE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"explain_other",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_EXPLAIN_OTHER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"flush", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_FLUSH]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"get_diagnostics",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_GET_DIAGNOSTICS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"grant", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_GRANT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"grant_roles",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_GRANT_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"ha_close",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_HA_CLOSE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"ha_open",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_HA_OPEN]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"ha_read",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_HA_READ]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"help", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_HELP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"import",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_IMPORT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"insert",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_INSERT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"insert_select",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_INSERT_SELECT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"install_component",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_INSTALL_COMPONENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"install_plugin",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_INSTALL_PLUGIN]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"kill", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_KILL]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"load", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_LOAD]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"lock_instance",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_LOCK_INSTANCE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"lock_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_LOCK_TABLES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"optimize",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_OPTIMIZE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"preload_keys",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_PRELOAD_KEYS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"prepare_sql",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_PREPARE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"purge", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_PURGE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"purge_before_date",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_PURGE_BEFORE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"release_savepoint",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RELEASE_SAVEPOINT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"rename_table",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RENAME_TABLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"rename_user",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RENAME_USER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"repair",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REPAIR]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"replace",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REPLACE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"replace_select",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REPLACE_SELECT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"reset", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RESET]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"resignal",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RESIGNAL]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"restart",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_RESTART_SERVER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"revoke",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REVOKE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"revoke_all",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REVOKE_ALL]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"revoke_roles",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_REVOKE_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"rollback",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ROLLBACK]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"rollback_to_savepoint",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_ROLLBACK_TO_SAVEPOINT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"savepoint",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SAVEPOINT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"select",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SELECT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"set_option",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SET_OPTION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"set_password",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SET_PASSWORD]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"set_resource_group",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SET_RESOURCE_GROUP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"set_role",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SET_ROLE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"signal",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SIGNAL]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_binlog_events",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_BINLOG_EVENTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_binlogs",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_BINLOGS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_charsets",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CHARSETS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_collations",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_COLLATIONS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_db",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_DB]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_event",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_EVENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_func",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_FUNC]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_proc",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_PROC]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_table",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_trigger",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_TRIGGER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_databases",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_DATABASES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_engine_logs",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_ENGINE_LOGS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_engine_mutex",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_ENGINE_MUTEX]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_engine_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_ENGINE_STATUS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_events",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_EVENTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_errors",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_ERRORS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_fields",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_FIELDS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_function_code",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_FUNC_CODE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_function_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_STATUS_FUNC]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_grants",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_GRANTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_keys",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_KEYS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_master_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_MASTER_STAT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_open_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_OPEN_TABLES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_plugins",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PLUGINS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_privileges",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PRIVILEGES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_procedure_code",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PROC_CODE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_procedure_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_STATUS_PROC]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_processlist",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PROCESSLIST]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_profile",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PROFILE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_profiles",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_PROFILES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_relaylog_events",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_RELAYLOG_EVENTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_replicas",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_SLAVE_HOSTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_slave_hosts",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_SLAVE_HOSTS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_replica_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_SLAVE_STAT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_slave_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_SLAVE_STAT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_STATUS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_storage_engines",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_STORAGE_ENGINES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_table_status",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_TABLE_STATUS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_TABLES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_triggers",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_TRIGGERS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_variables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_VARIABLES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_warnings",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_WARNS]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"show_create_user",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHOW_CREATE_USER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"shutdown",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SHUTDOWN]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"replica_start",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SLAVE_START]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"slave_start",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SLAVE_START]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"replica_stop",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SLAVE_STOP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"slave_stop",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_SLAVE_STOP]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"group_replication_start",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_START_GROUP_REPLICATION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"group_replication_stop",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_STOP_GROUP_REPLICATION]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_execute", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_execute),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_close", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_close),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_fetch", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_fetch),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_prepare", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_prepare),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_reset", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_reset),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"stmt_send_long_data",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_send_long_data),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"truncate",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_TRUNCATE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"uninstall_component",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UNINSTALL_COMPONENT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"uninstall_plugin",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UNINSTALL_PLUGIN]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"unlock_instance",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var,
                      com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UNLOCK_INSTANCE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"unlock_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UNLOCK_TABLES]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"update",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UPDATE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"update_multi",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_UPDATE_MULTI]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_commit",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_COMMIT]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_end",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_END]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_prepare",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_PREPARE]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_recover",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_RECOVER]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_rollback",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_ROLLBACK]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"xa_start",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_XA_START]),
     SHOW_LONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {NullS, NullS, SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL}};

LEX_CSTRING sql_statement_names[(uint)SQLCOM_END + 1];

static void init_sql_statement_names() {
  char *first_com = (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[0]);
  char *last_com =
      (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[(uint)SQLCOM_END]);
  int record_size = (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[1]) -
                    (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stat[0]);
  char *ptr;
  uint i;
  uint com_index;

  for (i = 0; i < ((uint)SQLCOM_END + 1); i++)
    sql_statement_names[i] = {STRING_WITH_LEN("")};

  SHOW_VAR *var = &com_status_vars[0];
  while (var->name != nullptr) {
    ptr = var->value;
    if ((first_com <= ptr) && (ptr <= last_com)) {
      com_index = ((int)(ptr - first_com)) / record_size;
      assert(com_index < (uint)SQLCOM_END);
      sql_statement_names[com_index].str = var->name;
      /* TODO: Change SHOW_VAR::name to a LEX_STRING, to avoid strlen() */
      sql_statement_names[com_index].length = strlen(var->name);
    }
    var++;
  }

  assert(strcmp(sql_statement_names[(uint)SQLCOM_SELECT].str, "select") == 0);
  assert(strcmp(sql_statement_names[(uint)SQLCOM_SIGNAL].str, "signal") == 0);

  sql_statement_names[(uint)SQLCOM_END].str = "error";
}

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_STATEMENT_INTERFACE
PSI_statement_info sql_statement_info[(uint)SQLCOM_END + 1];
PSI_statement_info com_statement_info[(uint)COM_END + 1];

/**
  Initialize the command names array.
  Since we do not want to maintain a separate array,
  this is populated from data mined in com_status_vars,
  which already has one name for each command.
*/
static void init_sql_statement_info() {
  uint i;

  for (i = 0; i < ((uint)SQLCOM_END + 1); i++) {
    sql_statement_info[i].m_name = sql_statement_names[i].str;
    sql_statement_info[i].m_flags = 0;
    sql_statement_info[i].m_documentation = PSI_DOCUMENT_ME;
  }

  /* "statement/sql/error" represents broken queries (syntax error). */
  sql_statement_info[(uint)SQLCOM_END].m_name = "error";
  sql_statement_info[(uint)SQLCOM_END].m_flags = 0;
  sql_statement_info[(uint)SQLCOM_END].m_documentation =
      "Invalid SQL queries (syntax error).";

  /* "statement/sql/clone" will mutate to clone plugin statement */
  sql_statement_info[(uint)SQLCOM_CLONE].m_flags = PSI_FLAG_MUTABLE;
}

static void init_com_statement_info() {
  uint index;

  for (index = 0; index < (uint)COM_END + 1; index++) {
    com_statement_info[index].m_name =
        Command_names::str_notranslate(index).c_str();
    com_statement_info[index].m_flags = 0;
    com_statement_info[index].m_documentation = PSI_DOCUMENT_ME;
  }

  /* "statement/abstract/query" can mutate into "statement/sql/..." */
  com_statement_info[(uint)COM_QUERY].m_flags = PSI_FLAG_MUTABLE;
  com_statement_info[(uint)COM_QUERY].m_documentation =
      "SQL query just received from the network. "
      "At this point, the real statement type is unknown, "
      "the type will be refined after SQL parsing.";

  /* "statement/com/clone" will mutate to clone plugin statement */
  com_statement_info[(uint)COM_CLONE].m_flags = PSI_FLAG_MUTABLE;
}
#endif

/**
  Parse @@authentication_policy variable value.

  @param [in]  val            Buffer holding variable value.
  @param [out] policy_list    Vector holding the parsed values.

  @retval  false    OK
  @retval  true     Error
*/
bool parse_authentication_policy(char *val,
                                 std::vector<std::string> &policy_list) {
  std::string token;
  std::string policy_val(val);
  std::stringstream policy_str(val);
  bool is_empty = false;
  /* count comma */
  size_t comma_cnt = std::count(policy_val.begin(), policy_val.end(), ',');
  if (comma_cnt >= MAX_AUTH_FACTORS) return true;
  /*
    While parsing ensure that an empty value which means an optional nth factor,
    should be followed with an empty value only.
    Below are some invalid values:
    'caching_sha2_password,,authentication_fido'
    ',authentication_fido,authentication_ldap_simple'
    ',authentication_fido,'
    ',,'
  */
  while (getline(policy_str, token, ',')) {
    std::string s(token);
    /* trim spaces */
    s.erase(std::remove(s.begin(), s.end(), ' '), s.end());
    if (s.length() && is_empty) {
      policy_list.clear();
      return true;
    };
    if (!s.length()) is_empty = true;
    policy_list.push_back(s);
  }
  /*
    Values like 'caching_sha2_password,authentication_fido,' or
    'caching_sha2_password,,' will not capture the last empty value, thus append
    an empty value to the list.
  */
  if ((comma_cnt == policy_list.size()) &&
      policy_list.size() < MAX_AUTH_FACTORS)
    policy_list.push_back("");

  if (policy_list.size() > MAX_AUTH_FACTORS) {
    policy_list.clear();
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}

/**
  Validate @@authentication_policy variable value.

  @param [in]  val    Buffer holding variable value.

  @retval  false    success
  @retval  true     failure
*/
bool validate_authentication_policy(char *val) {
  std::vector<std::string> list;
  if (parse_authentication_policy(val, list)) return true;
  for (auto it = list.begin(); it != list.end(); it++) {
    /* plugin name in first place holder cannot be empty */
    if (!it->length()) {
      if (list.size() == 1 || it == list.begin()) return true;
    }
    /* skip special characters like * and <empty> string */
    if (!it->length()) continue;
    if (!it->compare("*")) continue;
    /* validate plugin name */
    plugin_ref p = my_plugin_lock_by_name(nullptr, to_lex_cstring(it->c_str()),
                                          MYSQL_AUTHENTICATION_PLUGIN);
    if (!p) goto error;
    st_mysql_auth *auth = (st_mysql_auth *)plugin_decl(p)->info;
    /*
      ensure 2nd and 3rd factor auth plugins which store password in mysql
      server are not allowed.
    */
    if (it != list.begin() &&
        auth->authentication_flags & AUTH_FLAG_USES_INTERNAL_STORAGE) {
      authentication_policy_plugin_ref.push_back(p);
      goto error;
    }
    /*
      ensure plugin name in first place holder cannot be auth plugin
      which requires registration step.
    */
    if (it == list.begin() &&
        auth->authentication_flags & AUTH_FLAG_REQUIRES_REGISTRATION) {
      authentication_policy_plugin_ref.push_back(p);
      goto error;
    }
    authentication_policy_plugin_ref.push_back(p);
  }
  return false;
error:
  for (auto p : authentication_policy_plugin_ref) plugin_unlock(nullptr, p);
  authentication_policy_plugin_ref.clear();
  return true;
}

/**
  Update @@authentication_policy variable value.

  @retval  false    success
  @retval  true     failure
*/
bool update_authentication_policy() {
  std::vector<std::string> list;
  if (parse_authentication_policy(opt_authentication_policy, list)) return true;
  /* update the actual policy list only after validation is successful */
  authentication_policy_list = list;
  /* release plugin reference */
  for (auto p : authentication_policy_plugin_ref) plugin_unlock(nullptr, p);
  authentication_policy_plugin_ref.clear();
  return false;
}
/**
  Create a replication file name or base for file names.

  @param     key Instrumentation key used to track allocations
  @param[in] opt Value of option, or NULL
  @param[in] def Default value if option value is not set.
  @param[in] ext Extension to use for the path

  @returns Pointer to string containing the full file path, or NULL if
  it was not possible to create the path.
 */
static inline const char *rpl_make_log_name(PSI_memory_key key, const char *opt,
                                            const char *def, const char *ext) {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("opt: %s, def: %s, ext: %s", (opt && opt[0]) ? opt : "",
                       def, ext));
  char buff[FN_REFLEN];
  /*
    opt[0] needs to be checked to make sure opt name is not an empty
    string, in case it is an empty string default name will be considered
  */
  const char *base = (opt && opt[0]) ? opt : def;
  unsigned int options = MY_REPLACE_EXT | MY_UNPACK_FILENAME | MY_SAFE_PATH;

  /* mysql_real_data_home_ptr may be null if no value of datadir has been
     specified through command-line or througha cnf file. If that is the
     case we make mysql_real_data_home_ptr point to mysql_real_data_home
     which, in that case holds the default path for data-dir.
  */

  DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("emulate_empty_datadir_param",
                  { mysql_real_data_home_ptr = nullptr; };);

  if (mysql_real_data_home_ptr == nullptr)
    mysql_real_data_home_ptr = mysql_real_data_home;

  if (fn_format(buff, base, mysql_real_data_home_ptr, ext, options))
    return my_strdup(key, buff, MYF(0));
  else
    return nullptr;
}

int init_common_variables() {
#if defined(HAVE_BUILD_ID_SUPPORT)
  my_find_build_id(server_build_id);
#endif

  my_decimal_set_zero(&decimal_zero);  // set decimal_zero constant;
  tzset();                             // Set tzname

  max_system_variables.pseudo_thread_id = (my_thread_id)~0;
  server_start_time = flush_status_time = time(nullptr);

  binlog_filter = new Rpl_filter;
  if (!binlog_filter) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_BINLOG_FILTERS_OOM, strerror(errno));
    return 1;
  }

  if (init_thread_environment() || mysql_init_variables()) return 1;

  {
#ifdef _WIN32
    strmake(system_time_zone_dst_off, _tzname[0],
            sizeof(system_time_zone_dst_off) - 1);
    strmake(system_time_zone_dst_on, _tzname[1],
            sizeof(system_time_zone_dst_on) - 1);
#else
    strmake(system_time_zone_dst_off, tzname[0],
            sizeof(system_time_zone_dst_off) - 1);
    strmake(system_time_zone_dst_on, tzname[1],
            sizeof(system_time_zone_dst_on) - 1);
#endif
  }
  /*
    We set SYSTEM time zone as reasonable default and
    also for failure of my_tz_full_init() and bootstrap mode.
    If user explicitly set time zone with --default-time-zone
    option we will change this value in my_tz_full_init().
  */
  global_system_variables.time_zone = my_tz_SYSTEM;

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
  /*
    Complete the mysql_bin_log initialization.
    Instrumentation keys are known only after the performance schema
    initialization, and can not be set in the MYSQL_BIN_LOG constructor (called
    before main()).
  */
  mysql_bin_log.set_psi_keys(
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_index, key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit_queue, key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit_queue, key_BINLOG_LOCK_done,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_flush_queue, key_BINLOG_LOCK_log,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_binlog_end_pos, key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync_queue, key_BINLOG_LOCK_xids,
      key_BINLOG_LOCK_log_info, key_BINLOG_LOCK_wait_for_group_turn,
      key_BINLOG_COND_done, key_BINLOG_COND_flush_queue, key_BINLOG_update_cond,
      key_BINLOG_prep_xids_cond, key_BINLOG_COND_wait_for_group_turn,
      key_file_binlog, key_file_binlog_index, key_file_binlog_cache,
      key_file_binlog_index_cache);
#endif

  /*
    Init mutexes for the global MYSQL_BIN_LOG objects.
    As safe_mutex depends on what MY_INIT() does, we can't init the mutexes of
    global MYSQL_BIN_LOGs in their constructors, because then they would be
    inited before MY_INIT(). So we do it here.
  */
  mysql_bin_log.init_pthread_objects();

  /* TODO: remove this when my_time_t is 64 bit compatible */
  if (!is_time_t_valid_for_timestamp(server_start_time)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_UNSUPPORTED_DATE);
    return 1;
  }

  if (gethostname(glob_hostname, sizeof(glob_hostname)) < 0) {
    strmake(glob_hostname, STRING_WITH_LEN("localhost"));
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CALL_ME_LOCALHOST, glob_hostname);
    strmake(default_logfile_name, STRING_WITH_LEN("mysql"));
  } else
    strmake(default_logfile_name, glob_hostname,
            sizeof(default_logfile_name) - 5);

  strmake(default_binlogfile_name, STRING_WITH_LEN("binlog"));
  if (opt_initialize || opt_initialize_insecure) {
    /*
      System tables initialization are not binary logged (regardless
      --log-bin option).

      Disable binary log while executing any user script sourced while
      initializing system except if explicitly requested.
    */
    opt_bin_log = false;
  }

  strmake(pidfile_name, default_logfile_name, sizeof(pidfile_name) - 5);
  my_stpcpy(fn_ext(pidfile_name), ".pid");  // Add proper extension

  /*
    The default-storage-engine entry in my_long_options should have a
    non-null default value. It was earlier initialized as
    (longlong)"MyISAM" in my_long_options but this triggered a
    compiler error in the Sun Studio 12 compiler. As a work-around we
    set the def_value member to 0 in my_long_options and initialize it
    to the correct value here.

    From MySQL 5.5 onwards, the default storage engine is InnoDB.
  */
  default_storage_engine = "InnoDB";
  default_tmp_storage_engine = default_storage_engine;

  /*
    Add server status variables to the dynamic list of
    status variables that is shown by SHOW STATUS.
    Later, in plugin_register_builtin_and_init_core_se(),
    plugin_register_dynamic_and_init_all() and
    mysql_install_plugin(), new entries could be added
    to that list.
  */
  if (add_status_vars(status_vars)) return 1;  // an error was already reported

#ifndef NDEBUG
  /*
    We have few debug-only commands in com_status_vars, only visible in debug
    builds. for simplicity we enable the assert only in debug builds

    There are 8 Com_ variables which don't have corresponding SQLCOM_ values:
    (TODO strictly speaking they shouldn't be here, should not have Com_ prefix
    that is. Perhaps Stmt_ ? Comstmt_ ? Prepstmt_ ?)

      Com_admin_commands       => com_other
      Com_stmt_close           => com_stmt_close
      Com_stmt_execute         => com_stmt_execute
      Com_stmt_fetch           => com_stmt_fetch
      Com_stmt_prepare         => com_stmt_prepare
      Com_stmt_reprepare       => com_stmt_reprepare
      Com_stmt_reset           => com_stmt_reset
      Com_stmt_send_long_data  => com_stmt_send_long_data

    We also have aliases for 5 com_status_vars:

      Com_slave_start              => Com_replica_start
      Com_slave_stop               => Com_replica_stop
      Com_show_slave_status        => Com_show_replica_status
      Com_show_slave_hosts         => Com_show_replicas
      Com_change_master            => Com_change_replication_source

    With this correction the number of Com_ variables (number of elements in
    the array, excluding the last element - terminator) must match the number
    of SQLCOM_ constants.
  */
  static_assert(sizeof(com_status_vars) / sizeof(com_status_vars[0]) - 1 ==
                    SQLCOM_END + 12,
                "");
#endif

  if (get_options(&remaining_argc, &remaining_argv)) return 1;

  /*
    The opt_bin_log can be false (binary log is disabled) only if
    --skip-log-bin/--disable-log-bin is configured or while the
    system is initializing.
  */
  if (!opt_bin_log) {
    /*
      The log-replica-updates should be disabled if binary log is disabled
      and --log-replica-updates option is not set explicitly on command
      line or configuration file.
    */
    if (!log_replica_updates_supplied) opt_log_replica_updates = false;
  }

  if (opt_protocol_compression_algorithms) {
    if ((opt_protocol_compression_algorithms[0] == 0) ||
        (validate_compression_attributes(
            std::string(opt_protocol_compression_algorithms), std::string(),
            true))) {
      /*
       --protocol-compression-algorithms is set to invalid value, resetting
       its value to default "zlib,zstd,uncompressed"
      */
      opt_protocol_compression_algorithms =
          const_cast<char *>(PROTOCOL_COMPRESSION_DEFAULT_VALUE);
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_PROTOCOL_COMPRESSION_RESET_LOG);
    }
  }
  update_parser_max_mem_size();
  update_optimizer_switch();

  if (set_default_auth_plugin(default_auth_plugin,
                              strlen(default_auth_plugin))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_AUTH_CANT_SET_DEFAULT_PLUGIN);
    return 1;
  }
  set_server_version();

#if defined(HAVE_BUILD_ID_SUPPORT)
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_BUILD_ID, server_build_id);
  }
#endif
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_BASEDIR_SET_TO, mysql_home);
  }
  if (!opt_validate_config && (opt_initialize || opt_initialize_insecure)) {
    LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_STARTING_INIT, my_progname, server_version,
           (ulong)getpid());
  } else if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
    LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_STARTING_AS, my_progname, server_version,
           (ulong)getpid());
  }
  if (opt_help && !opt_verbose) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);

  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("%s  Ver %s for %s on %s\n", my_progname, server_version,
                      SYSTEM_TYPE, MACHINE_TYPE));

#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_LARGE_PAGES
  /* Initialize large page size */
  if (opt_large_pages && (opt_large_page_size = my_get_large_page_size())) {
    DBUG_PRINT("info",
               ("Large page set, large_page_size = %d", opt_large_page_size));
  } else {
    opt_large_pages = false;
    /*
       Either not configured to use large pages or Linux haven't
       been compiled with large page support
    */
  }
#endif /* HAVE_LINUX_LARGE_PAGES */
#ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS_LARGE_PAGES
#define LARGE_PAGESIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)         /* 4MB */
#define SUPER_LARGE_PAGESIZE (256 * 1024 * 1024) /* 256MB */
  if (opt_large_pages) {
    /*
      tell the kernel that we want to use 4/256MB page for heap storage
      and also for the stack. We use 4 MByte as default and if the
      super-large-page is set we increase it to 256 MByte. 256 MByte
      is for server installations with GBytes of RAM memory where
      the MySQL Server will have page caches and other memory regions
      measured in a number of GBytes.
      We use as big pages as possible which isn't bigger than the above
      desired page sizes.
    */
    int nelem;
    size_t max_desired_page_size;
    if (opt_super_large_pages)
      max_desired_page_size = SUPER_LARGE_PAGESIZE;
    else
      max_desired_page_size = LARGE_PAGESIZE;
    nelem = getpagesizes(NULL, 0);
    if (nelem > 0) {
      size_t *pagesize = (size_t *)malloc(sizeof(size_t) * nelem);
      if (pagesize != NULL && getpagesizes(pagesize, nelem) > 0) {
        size_t max_page_size = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < nelem; i++) {
          if (pagesize[i] > max_page_size &&
              pagesize[i] <= max_desired_page_size)
            max_page_size = pagesize[i];
        }
        free(pagesize);
        if (max_page_size > 0) {
          struct memcntl_mha mpss;

          mpss.mha_cmd = MHA_MAPSIZE_BSSBRK;
          mpss.mha_pagesize = max_page_size;
          mpss.mha_flags = 0;
          memcntl(NULL, 0, MC_HAT_ADVISE, (caddr_t)&mpss, 0, 0);
          mpss.mha_cmd = MHA_MAPSIZE_STACK;
          memcntl(NULL, 0, MC_HAT_ADVISE, (caddr_t)&mpss, 0, 0);
        }
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* HAVE_SOLARIS_LARGE_PAGES */

  longlong default_value;
  sys_var *var;
  /* Calculate and update default value for thread_cache_size. */
  if ((default_value = 8 + max_connections / 100) > 100) default_value = 100;
  var = find_static_system_variable("thread_cache_size");
  var->update_default(default_value);

  /* Calculate and update default value for host_cache_size. */
  if ((default_value = 128 + max_connections) > 628 &&
      (default_value = 628 + ((max_connections - 500) / 20)) > 2000)
    default_value = 2000;
  var = find_static_system_variable("host_cache_size");
  var->update_default(default_value);

  /* Fix thread_cache_size. */
  if (!thread_cache_size_specified &&
      (Per_thread_connection_handler::max_blocked_pthreads =
           8 + max_connections / 100) > 100)
    Per_thread_connection_handler::max_blocked_pthreads = 100;

  /* Fix host_cache_size. */
  if (!host_cache_size_specified &&
      (host_cache_size = 128 + max_connections) > 628 &&
      (host_cache_size = 628 + ((max_connections - 500) / 20)) > 2000)
    host_cache_size = 2000;

  /* Fix back_log */
  if (back_log == 0 && (back_log = max_connections) > 65535) back_log = 65535;

  unireg_init(opt_specialflag); /* Set up extern variables */
  while (!(my_default_lc_messages =
               my_locale_by_name(nullptr, lc_messages, strlen(lc_messages)))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_TO_FIND_LOCALE_NAME, lc_messages);
    if (!my_strcasecmp(&my_charset_latin1, lc_messages,
                       mysqld_default_locale_name))
      return 1;
    lc_messages = mysqld_default_locale_name;
  }
  global_system_variables.lc_messages = my_default_lc_messages;
  if (init_errmessage()) /* Read error messages from file */
    return 1;
  init_client_errs();

  mysql_client_plugin_init();
  if (item_create_init()) return 1;
  item_init();
  range_optimizer_init();
  my_string_stack_guard = check_enough_stack_size;
  /*
    Process a comma-separated character set list and choose
    the first available character set. This is mostly for
    test purposes, to be able to start "mysqld" even if
    the requested character set is not available (see bug#18743).
  */
  for (;;) {
    char *next_character_set_name =
        strchr(const_cast<char *>(default_character_set_name), ',');
    if (next_character_set_name) *next_character_set_name++ = '\0';
    if (!(default_charset_info = get_charset_by_csname(
              default_character_set_name, MY_CS_PRIMARY, MYF(MY_WME)))) {
      if (next_character_set_name) {
        default_character_set_name = next_character_set_name;
        default_collation_name = nullptr;  // Ignore collation
      } else
        return 1;  // Eof of the list
    } else {
      warn_on_deprecated_charset(nullptr, default_charset_info,
                                 default_character_set_name,
                                 "--character-set-server");
      break;
    }
  }

  if (default_collation_name) {
    CHARSET_INFO *default_collation;
    default_collation = get_charset_by_name(default_collation_name, MYF(0));
    if (!default_collation) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_TO_FIND_COLLATION_NAME,
             default_collation_name);
      return 1;
    }
    if (!my_charset_same(default_charset_info, default_collation)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_COLLATION_FOR_CHARSET,
             default_collation_name, default_charset_info->csname);
      return 1;
    }
    warn_on_deprecated_collation(nullptr, default_collation,
                                 "--collation-server");
    default_charset_info = default_collation;
  }
  /* Set collactions that depends on the default collation */
  global_system_variables.collation_server = default_charset_info;
  global_system_variables.collation_database = default_charset_info;
  global_system_variables.default_collation_for_utf8mb4 =
      &my_charset_utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;

  if (is_supported_parser_charset(default_charset_info)) {
    global_system_variables.collation_connection = default_charset_info;
    global_system_variables.character_set_results = default_charset_info;
    global_system_variables.character_set_client = default_charset_info;
  } else {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_FIXING_CLIENT_CHARSET,
           default_charset_info->csname, my_charset_latin1.csname);
    global_system_variables.collation_connection = &my_charset_latin1;
    global_system_variables.character_set_results = &my_charset_latin1;
    global_system_variables.character_set_client = &my_charset_latin1;
  }

  if (!(character_set_filesystem = get_charset_by_csname(
            character_set_filesystem_name, MY_CS_PRIMARY, MYF(MY_WME))))
    return 1;
  else
    warn_on_deprecated_charset(nullptr, character_set_filesystem,
                               character_set_filesystem_name,
                               "--character-set-filesystem");
  global_system_variables.character_set_filesystem = character_set_filesystem;

  if (lex_init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_OOM);
    return 1;
  }

  while (!(my_default_lc_time_names = my_locale_by_name(
               nullptr, lc_time_names_name, strlen(lc_time_names_name)))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_TO_FIND_LOCALE_NAME, lc_time_names_name);
    if (!my_strcasecmp(&my_charset_latin1, lc_time_names_name,
                       mysqld_default_locale_name))
      return 1;
    lc_time_names_name = mysqld_default_locale_name;
  }
  global_system_variables.lc_time_names = my_default_lc_time_names;

  /* check log options and issue warnings if needed */
  if (opt_general_log && opt_general_logname &&
      !(log_output_options & LOG_FILE) && !(log_output_options & LOG_NONE))
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOG_FILES_GIVEN_LOG_OUTPUT_IS_TABLE,
           "--general-log-file option");

  if (opt_slow_log && opt_slow_logname && !(log_output_options & LOG_FILE) &&
      !(log_output_options & LOG_NONE))
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOG_FILES_GIVEN_LOG_OUTPUT_IS_TABLE,
           "--slow-query-log-file option");

  if (opt_general_logname &&
      !is_valid_log_name(opt_general_logname, strlen(opt_general_logname))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_LOG_FILE_INVALID, "--general_log_file",
           opt_general_logname);
    return 1;
  }

  if (opt_slow_logname &&
      !is_valid_log_name(opt_slow_logname, strlen(opt_slow_logname))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_LOG_FILE_INVALID, "--slow_query_log_file",
           opt_slow_logname);
    return 1;
  }

  if (global_system_variables.transaction_write_set_extraction ==
          HASH_ALGORITHM_OFF &&
      mysql_bin_log.m_dependency_tracker.m_opt_tracking_mode !=
          DEPENDENCY_TRACKING_COMMIT_ORDER) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL,
           ER_TX_EXTRACTION_ALGORITHM_FOR_BINLOG_TX_DEPEDENCY_TRACKING,
           "XXHASH64 or MURMUR32", "WRITESET or WRITESET_SESSION");
    return 1;
  } else
    mysql_bin_log.m_dependency_tracker.tracking_mode_changed();

#define FIX_LOG_VAR(VAR, ALT) \
  if (!VAR || !*VAR) VAR = ALT;

  FIX_LOG_VAR(opt_general_logname,
              make_query_log_name(logname_path, QUERY_LOG_GENERAL));
  FIX_LOG_VAR(opt_slow_logname,
              make_query_log_name(slow_logname_path, QUERY_LOG_SLOW));

#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
  /* Initialize the debug sync facility. See debug_sync.cc. */
  if (debug_sync_init()) return 1; /* purecov: tested */
#endif                             /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */

  if (opt_validate_config) return 0;

  /* create the data directory if requested */
  if (unlikely(opt_initialize) &&
      initialize_create_data_directory(mysql_real_data_home))
    return 1;

  /*
    Ensure that lower_case_table_names is set on system where we have case
    insensitive names.  If this is not done the users MyISAM tables will
    get corrupted if accesses with names of different case.
  */
  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("lower_case_table_names: %d", lower_case_table_names));
  lower_case_file_system = test_if_case_insensitive(mysql_real_data_home);
  if (!lower_case_table_names && lower_case_file_system == 1) {
    if (lower_case_table_names_used) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_LOWER_CASE_TABLE_NAMES_CS_DD_ON_CI_FS_UNSUPPORTED);
      return 1;
    } else {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOWER_CASE_TABLE_NAMES_USING_2,
             mysql_real_data_home);
      lower_case_table_names = 2;
    }
  } else if (lower_case_table_names == 2 &&
             !(lower_case_file_system =
                   (test_if_case_insensitive(mysql_real_data_home) == 1))) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOWER_CASE_TABLE_NAMES_USING_0,
           mysql_real_data_home);
    lower_case_table_names = 0;
  } else {
    lower_case_file_system =
        (test_if_case_insensitive(mysql_real_data_home) == 1);
  }

  /* Reset table_alias_charset, now that lower_case_table_names is set. */
  table_alias_charset = (lower_case_table_names ? &my_charset_utf8mb3_tolower_ci
                                                : &my_charset_bin);

  /*
    Build do_table and ignore_table rules to hashes
    after the resetting of table_alias_charset.
  */
  if (rpl_global_filter.build_do_table_hash() ||
      rpl_global_filter.build_ignore_table_hash()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_HASH_DO_AND_IGNORE_RULES);
    return 1;
  }

  /*
    Reset the P_S view for global replication filter at
    the end of server startup.
  */
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  rpl_global_filter.wrlock();
  rpl_global_filter.reset_pfs_view();
  rpl_global_filter.unlock();
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

  if (rpl_channel_filters.build_do_and_ignore_table_hashes()) return 1;

  return 0;
}

static int init_thread_environment() {
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_status, &LOCK_status, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_manager, &LOCK_manager, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_crypt, &LOCK_crypt, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_user_conn, &LOCK_user_conn, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_global_system_variables,
                   &LOCK_global_system_variables, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_rwlock_init(key_rwlock_LOCK_system_variables_hash,
                    &LOCK_system_variables_hash);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_prepared_stmt_count, &LOCK_prepared_stmt_count,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_replica_list, &LOCK_replica_list,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter,
                   &LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_replica_net_timeout, &LOCK_replica_net_timeout,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker,
                   &LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_error_messages, &LOCK_error_messages,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_uuid_generator, &LOCK_uuid_generator,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_sql_rand, &LOCK_sql_rand, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_log_throttle_qni, &LOCK_log_throttle_qni,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_default_password_lifetime,
                   &LOCK_default_password_lifetime, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_mandatory_roles, &LOCK_mandatory_roles,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_password_history, &LOCK_password_history,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_password_reuse_interval,
                   &LOCK_password_reuse_interval, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_rwlock_init(key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_connect, &LOCK_sys_init_connect);
  mysql_rwlock_init(key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_replica, &LOCK_sys_init_replica);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_manager, &COND_manager);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_server_started, &LOCK_server_started,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_server_started, &COND_server_started);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_reset_gtid_table, &LOCK_reset_gtid_table,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_compress_gtid_table, &LOCK_compress_gtid_table,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_collect_instance_log, &LOCK_collect_instance_log,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_compress_gtid_table, &COND_compress_gtid_table);
  Events::init_mutexes();
#if defined(_WIN32)
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_handler_count, &LOCK_handler_count,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_handler_count, &COND_handler_count);
  mysql_rwlock_init(key_rwlock_LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group,
                    &LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group);
#else
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_socket_listener_active,
                   &LOCK_socket_listener_active, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_socket_listener_active,
                  &COND_socket_listener_active);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_start_signal_handler, &LOCK_start_signal_handler,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_cond_init(key_COND_start_signal_handler, &COND_start_signal_handler);
#endif  // _WIN32
  /* Parameter for threads created for connections */
  (void)my_thread_attr_init(&connection_attrib);
  my_thread_attr_setdetachstate(&connection_attrib, MY_THREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
#ifndef _WIN32
  pthread_attr_setscope(&connection_attrib, PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM);
#endif

  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_keyring_operations, &LOCK_keyring_operations,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_tls_ctx_options, &LOCK_tls_ctx_options,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key,
                   &LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options, &LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_partial_revokes, &LOCK_partial_revokes,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_authentication_policy, &LOCK_authentication_policy,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_mutex_init(key_LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit, &LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit,
                   MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);
  mysql_rwlock_init(key_rwlock_LOCK_server_shutting_down,
                    &LOCK_server_shutting_down);
  return 0;
}

static PSI_memory_key key_memory_openssl = PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED;

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
#define FILE_LINE_ARGS
#else
#define FILE_LINE_ARGS , const char *, int
#endif

static void *my_openssl_malloc(size_t size FILE_LINE_ARGS) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  return my_malloc(key_memory_openssl, size, MYF(MY_WME));
#else
  return my_std_malloc(key_memory_openssl, size, MYF(MY_WME));
#endif  // !_WIN32
}
static void *my_openssl_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size FILE_LINE_ARGS) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  return my_realloc(key_memory_openssl, ptr, size, MYF(MY_WME));
#else
  return my_std_realloc(key_memory_openssl, ptr, size, MYF(MY_WME));
#endif  // !_WIN32
}
static void my_openssl_free(void *ptr FILE_LINE_ARGS) {
#ifndef _WIN32
  return my_free(ptr);
#else
  return my_std_free(ptr);
#endif  // !_WIN32
}

static int init_ssl() {
#if defined(HAVE_PSI_MEMORY_INTERFACE)
  static PSI_memory_info all_openssl_memory[] = {
      {&key_memory_openssl, "openssl_malloc", 0, 0,
       "All memory used by openSSL"}};
  mysql_memory_register("mysqld_openssl", all_openssl_memory,
                        (int)array_elements(all_openssl_memory));
#endif /* defined(HAVE_PSI_MEMORY_INTERFACE) */
  int ret = CRYPTO_set_mem_functions(my_openssl_malloc, my_openssl_realloc,
                                     my_openssl_free);
  if (ret == 0)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SSL_MEMORY_INSTRUMENTATION_INIT_FAILED,
           "CRYPTO_set_mem_functions");
  ssl_start();
  char ssl_err_string[OPENSSL_ERROR_LENGTH] = {'\0'};
  if (set_fips_mode(opt_ssl_fips_mode, ssl_err_string)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SSL_FIPS_MODE_ERROR, ssl_err_string);
    return 1;
  }

  if (opt_ssl_fips_mode != SSL_FIPS_MODE_OFF)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATE_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT, "--ssl-fips-mode");

  return 0;
}

static int init_ssl_communication() {
  if (TLS_channel::singleton_init(&mysql_main, mysql_main_channel, opt_use_ssl,
                                  &server_main_callback, opt_initialize))
    return 1;

  /*
    The default value of --admin-ssl is ON. If it is set
    to off, we should treat it as an explicit attempt to
    set TLS off for admin channel and thereby not use
    main channel's TLS configuration.
  */
  if (!opt_use_admin_ssl) g_admin_ssl_configured = true;

  bool initialize_admin_tls =
      (!opt_initialize && (my_admin_bind_addr_str != nullptr))
          ? opt_use_admin_ssl
          : false;

  Ssl_init_callback_server_admin server_admin_callback;
  if (TLS_channel::singleton_init(&mysql_admin, mysql_admin_channel,
                                  initialize_admin_tls, &server_admin_callback,
                                  opt_initialize))
    return 1;

  if (initialize_admin_tls && !g_admin_ssl_configured) {
    Lock_and_access_ssl_acceptor_context context(mysql_main);
    if (context.have_ssl())
      LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_TLS_CONFIGURATION_REUSED,
             mysql_admin_channel.c_str(), mysql_main_channel.c_str());
  }

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
  ERR_remove_thread_state(0);
#endif /* OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L */

  if (init_rsa_keys()) return 1;
  return 0;
}

static void end_ssl() {
  TLS_channel::singleton_deinit(mysql_main);
  TLS_channel::singleton_deinit(mysql_admin);
  deinit_rsa_keys();
}

/**
  Generate a UUID and save it into server_uuid variable.

  @return Return 0 or 1 if an error occurred.
 */
static int generate_server_uuid() {
  THD *thd;
  Item_func_uuid *func_uuid;
  String uuid;

  /*
    To be able to run this from boot, we allocate a temporary THD,
    since plugins are not yet loaded we pass false to temporary THD.
   */
  if (!(thd = new THD(false))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_NO_THD_NO_UUID);
    return 1;
  }
  thd->thread_stack = (char *)&thd;
  thd->store_globals();

  /*
    Initialize the variables which are used during "uuid generator
    initialization" with values that should normally differ between
    mysqlds on the same host. This avoids that another mysqld started
    at the same time on the same host get the same "server_uuid".
  */

  const time_t save_server_start_time = server_start_time;
  server_start_time += ((ulonglong)current_pid << 48) + current_pid;
  thd->status_var.bytes_sent = (ulonglong)thd;

  lex_start(thd);
  func_uuid = new (thd->mem_root) Item_func_uuid();
  func_uuid->fixed = true;
  func_uuid->val_str(&uuid);

  // Restore global variables used for salting
  server_start_time = save_server_start_time;

  delete thd;

  strncpy(server_uuid, uuid.c_ptr(), UUID_LENGTH);
  DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("server_uuid_deterministic",
                  memcpy(server_uuid, "00000000-1111-0000-1111-000000000000",
                         UUID_LENGTH););
  server_uuid[UUID_LENGTH] = '\0';
  return 0;
}

/**
  Save all options which was auto-generated by server-self into the given file.

  @param fname The name of the file in which the auto-generated options will b
  e saved.

  @return Return 0 or 1 if an error occurred.
 */
static int flush_auto_options(const char *fname) {
  File fd;
  IO_CACHE io_cache;
  int result = 0;

  if ((fd = my_open(fname, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, MYF(MY_WME))) < 0) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_AUTO_OPTIONS_FAILED, "file", fname, my_errno());
    return 1;
  }

  if (init_io_cache(&io_cache, fd, IO_SIZE * 2, WRITE_CACHE, 0L, false,
                    MYF(MY_WME))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_AUTO_OPTIONS_FAILED, "a cache on ", fname,
           my_errno());
    my_close(fd, MYF(MY_WME));
    return 1;
  }

  my_b_seek(&io_cache, 0L);
  my_b_printf(&io_cache, "%s\n", "[auto]");
  my_b_printf(&io_cache, "server-uuid=%s\n", server_uuid);

  if (flush_io_cache(&io_cache) || my_sync(fd, MYF(MY_WME))) result = 1;

  my_close(fd, MYF(MY_WME));
  end_io_cache(&io_cache);
  return result;
}

/**
  File 'auto.cnf' resides in the data directory to hold values of options that
  server evaluates itself and that needs to be durable to sustain the server
  restart. There is only a section ['auto'] in the file. All these options are
  in the section. Only one option exists now, it is server_uuid.
  Note, the user may not supply any literal value to these auto-options, and
  only allowed to trigger (re)evaluation.
  For instance, 'server_uuid' value will be evaluated and stored if there is
  no corresponding line in the file.
  Because of the specifics of the auto-options, they need separate storage.
  Meanwhile, it is the 'auto.cnf' that has the same structure as 'my.cnf'.

  @todo consider to implement sql-query-able persistent storage by WL#5279.
  @return Return 0 or 1 if an error occurred.
 */
static int init_server_auto_options() {
  bool flush = false;
  char fname[FN_REFLEN];
  char name[] = "auto";
  char *name_ptr = name;
  const char *groups[] = {"auto", nullptr};
  char *uuid = nullptr;
  my_option auto_options[] = {
      {"server-uuid", 0, "", &uuid, &uuid, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0,
       0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
      {nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0,
       0, nullptr, 0, nullptr}};

  DBUG_TRACE;

  if (nullptr == fn_format(fname, "auto.cnf", mysql_real_data_home_ptr, "",
                           MY_UNPACK_FILENAME | MY_SAFE_PATH))
    return 1;

  /* load_defaults require argv[0] is not null */
  char **argv = &name_ptr;
  int argc = 1;
  if (!check_file_permissions(fname, false)) {
    /*
      Found a world writable file hence removing it as it is dangerous to write
      a new UUID into the same file.
     */
    my_delete(fname, MYF(MY_WME));
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_WRITABLE_CONFIG_REMOVED, fname);
  }

  /* load all options in 'auto.cnf'. */
  MEM_ROOT alloc{PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED, 512};
  if (my_load_defaults(fname, groups, &argc, &argv, &alloc, nullptr)) return 1;

  if (handle_options(&argc, &argv, auto_options, mysqld_get_one_option))
    return 1;

  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("uuid=%p=%s server_uuid=%s", uuid, uuid, server_uuid));
  if (uuid) {
    if (!binary_log::Uuid::is_valid(uuid, binary_log::Uuid::TEXT_LENGTH)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_UUID_INVALID);
      goto err;
    }
    /*
      Uuid::is_valid() cannot do strict check on the length as it will be
      called by GTID::is_valid() as well (GTID = UUID:seq_no). We should
      explicitly add the *length check* here in this function.

      If UUID length is less than '36' (UUID_LENGTH), that error case would have
      got caught in above is_valid check. The below check is to make sure that
      length is not greater than UUID_LENGTH i.e., there are no extra characters
      (Garbage) at the end of the valid UUID.
    */
    if (strlen(uuid) > UUID_LENGTH) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_UUID_SCRUB, UUID_LENGTH);
      goto err;
    }
    strcpy(server_uuid, uuid);
  } else {
    DBUG_PRINT("info", ("generating server_uuid"));
    flush = true;
    /* server_uuid will be set in the function */
    if (generate_server_uuid()) goto err;
    DBUG_PRINT("info", ("generated server_uuid=%s", server_uuid));
    if (opt_initialize || opt_initialize_insecure) {
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_CREATING_NEW_UUID_FIRST_START, server_uuid);

    } else {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CREATING_NEW_UUID, server_uuid);
    }
  }

  if (flush) return flush_auto_options(fname);
  return 0;
err:
  return 1;
}

static bool initialize_storage_engine(const char *se_name, const char *se_kind,
                                      plugin_ref *dest_plugin) {
  LEX_CSTRING name = {se_name, strlen(se_name)};
  plugin_ref plugin;
  handlerton *hton;
  if ((plugin = ha_resolve_by_name(nullptr, &name, false)))
    hton = plugin_data<handlerton *>(plugin);
  else {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_UNKNOWN_UNSUPPORTED_STORAGE_ENGINE, se_name);
    return true;
  }
  if (!ha_storage_engine_is_enabled(hton)) {
    if (!opt_initialize) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DEFAULT_SE_UNAVAILABLE, se_kind, se_name);
      return true;
    }
    assert(*dest_plugin);
  } else {
    /*
      Need to unlock as global_system_variables.table_plugin
      was acquired during plugin_register_builtin_and_init_core_se()
    */
    plugin_ref old_dest_plugin = *dest_plugin;
    *dest_plugin = plugin;
    plugin_unlock(nullptr, old_dest_plugin);
  }
  return false;
}

static void setup_error_log() {
  /* Setup logs */

  /*
    Enable old-fashioned error log, except when the user has requested
    help information. Since the implementation of plugin server
    variables the help output is now written much later.

    log_error_dest can be:
    disabled_my_option     --log-error was not used or --log-error=
    ""                     --log-error without arguments (no '=')
    filename               --log-error=filename
   */

#ifdef _WIN32
  /*
    Enable the error log file only if console option is not specified
    and --help is not used.
  */
  bool log_errors_to_file = !is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_console;
#else
  /*
    Enable the error log file only if --log-error=filename or --log-error
    was used. Logging to file is disabled by default unlike on Windows.
  */
  bool log_errors_to_file =
      !is_help_or_validate_option() && (log_error_dest != disabled_my_option);
#endif

  if (log_errors_to_file) {
    // Construct filename if no filename was given by the user.
    if (!log_error_dest[0] || log_error_dest == disabled_my_option) {
#ifdef _WIN32
      const char *filename = pidfile_name;
#else
      const char *filename = default_logfile_name;
#endif
      fn_format(errorlog_filename_buff, filename, mysql_real_data_home, ".err",
                MY_REPLACE_EXT | /* replace '.<domain>' by '.err', bug#4997 */
                    MY_REPLACE_DIR);
    } else
      fn_format(errorlog_filename_buff, log_error_dest, mysql_data_home, ".err",
                MY_UNPACK_FILENAME);
    /*
      log_error_dest may have been set to disabled_my_option or "" if no
      argument was passed, but we need to show the real name in SHOW VARIABLES.
    */
    log_error_dest = errorlog_filename_buff;

#ifndef _WIN32
    // Create backup stream to stdout if daemonizing and connected to tty
    if (opt_daemonize && isatty(STDOUT_FILENO)) {
      nstdout = fdopen(dup(STDOUT_FILENO), "a");
      if (nstdout == nullptr) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DUP_FD_OPEN_FAILED, "stdout", strerror(errno));
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }
      // Display location of error log file on stdout if connected to tty
      fprintf(nstdout, "mysqld will log errors to %s\n",
              errorlog_filename_buff);
    }
#endif /* ndef _WIN32 */

    if (open_error_log(errorlog_filename_buff, false))
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

#ifdef _WIN32
      // FreeConsole();        // Remove window
#endif /* _WIN32 */
  } else {
    // We are logging to stderr and SHOW VARIABLES should reflect that.
    log_error_dest = "stderr";
  }
}

/**
  Try to set the error logging pipeline from @@global.log_error_services.
  Try to read the previous run's error log and make it available in
  performance_schema.error_log.
  Flush the buffered error messages to performance schema and to configured
  services, and end error log buffering.
  On success, log_error_stage_current becomes
  LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS_AND_PFS.

  @retval  0  Success
  @retval  1  Log pipeline not set up as requested. Caller should abort.
*/
static int setup_error_log_components() {
  int ret = 1;  // failure unless otherwise specified
  int have_backtrace = false;

  // Unless we're logging to stderr, try to find a crashdump in the error-log.
  if ((log_error_dest != nullptr) && (*log_error_dest != '\0') &&
      strcmp(log_error_dest, "stderr")) {
    /*
      In the unlikely event that the server crashed on the previous run,
      it may have succeeded in writing a stackdump to stderr.
      In that case, we deliberately don't go through the normal error logging
      facilities as we do not now how corrupted the server has become, what
      the locking situation is, whether we would be able to allocate memory,
      and so on. While this is the right thing to do, it means we will not
      log the stackdump to all log-sinks as it happens. Instead, we look for
      such a stackdump at start-up and, if found, prepend it to this run's
      start-up messages. Both will then be flushed to all qualified sinks
      in their respective formats below.
    */
    if (log_error_read_backtrace(log_error_dest) == LOG_SERVICE_SUCCESS)
      have_backtrace = true;
  }

  /*
    LOCK_plugin needs to be valid in case we implicitly load
    components below that install component-variables.
    (Otherwise, an assert will fire as the variable-install
    code examines the locks, but plugins have not yet been
    initialized.)
  */
  mysql_mutex_init(0, &LOCK_plugin, MY_MUTEX_INIT_FAST);

  /*
    Now that we have the component infrastructure, check
    --log-error-services=... -- is it well-formed, and do
    the requested services exist?
    As a side-effect, this will load any external logging
    components listed.
    This way when we run get_options(), any system variables
    provided by those logging components will already be
    available.

    This function loads its components directly without
    going through the layer that persists component set-up
    in mysql.component. This way, our logging components can
    be activated before rather than after InnoDB becomes
    available, and InnoDB start-up messages can be logged
    using components as a result.
  */
  if (log_builtins_error_stack(opt_log_error_services, true, nullptr) == 0) {
    // Syntax is OK and services exist; let's try to initialize them:
    size_t pos;

    if (log_builtins_error_stack(opt_log_error_services, false, &pos) < 0) {
      char *problem = opt_log_error_services; /* purecov: begin inspected */
      const std::string var_name = "log_error_services";

      /*
        We failed to set the requested configuration. This can happen
        e.g. when a given log-writer does not have sufficient permissions
        to open its log files. pos should mark the position in the
        configuration string where we ran into trouble. Make a char-pointer
        from it so we can inform the user what log-service we could not
        initialize.
      */
      if (pos < strlen(opt_log_error_services))
        problem = &((char *)opt_log_error_services)[pos];

      /*
        We could not set the requested pipeline.
        Try to fall back to default error logging stack
        (by looking up the system variable for this configuration
        item and extracting the default value from it).
        If that's impossible, print diagnostics, then exit.
      */
      sys_var *var = find_static_system_variable(var_name);

      if (var != nullptr) {
        // We found the system variable, now extract the default value:
        opt_log_error_services = (char *)var->get_default();
        if (log_builtins_error_stack(opt_log_error_services, false, nullptr) >=
            0) {
          /*
            We managed to set the default pipeline. Now log what was wrong
            about the user-supplied value, then shut down.
          */
          flush_error_log_messages();
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_START_ERROR_LOG_SERVICE, var_name.c_str(),
                 problem);
          goto failure;
        }
        /*
          If we arrive here, the user-supplied value was valid, but could
          not be set. The default value was found, but also could not be
          set. Something is very wrong. Fall-through to below where we
          low-level write diagnostics, then abort.
        */
      }

      /*
        We failed to set the default error logging stack (or failed to look
        up the default setting). At this point, we don't know whether ANY of
        the requested sinks work, so our best bet is to write directly to the
        error stream. Then, we abort.
      */
      {
        char buff[512];
        size_t len;

        len = snprintf(buff, sizeof(buff),
                       ER_DEFAULT(ER_CANT_START_ERROR_LOG_SERVICE),
                       var_name.c_str(), problem);
        len = std::min(len, sizeof(buff) - 1);

        // Trust nothing. Write directly. Quit.
        log_write_errstream(buff, len);

        goto failure;
      } /* purecov: end */
    }   // value was OK, but could not be set
        // If we arrive here, the value was OK, and was set successfully.
  } else {
    /*
      We were given an illegal value at start-up, so the default was
      used instead. Let's now point our variable back at the default
      (i.e. the value actually used) so SELECT @@GLOBAL.log_error_services
      will render correct results.
    */

    sys_var *var = find_static_system_variable("log_error_services");
    char *default_services = nullptr;

    if ((var != nullptr) &&
        ((default_services = (char *)var->get_default()) != nullptr))
      log_builtins_error_stack(default_services, false, nullptr);

    // Report that we're falling back to the default value.
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANNOT_SET_LOG_ERROR_SERVICES,
           opt_log_error_services);

    if (default_services != nullptr) opt_log_error_services = default_services;
  }

  /*
    We'll want to flush whatever log-events we buffered during start-up
    to the now available components in a moment. To that end, we now
    switch from saving log-events in a buffer to processing them via
    the logging-pipeline.
    Not switching processors here would result in flushing the buffer
    into the buffer.
  */
  log_line_process_hook_set(log_line_error_stack_run);
  log_error_stage_set(LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS);

  /*
    Set-up the error-log table, performance_schema.error_log.
    Try to populate it with previous runs' error-log and events
    buffered up to this point.

    log_error_read_log_init() initializes the ring-buffer for
    performance_schema.error_log.

    log_error_read_log() reads an existing error-log (of whatever formatting).

    LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS_AND_PFS flags the error logging
    stack as fully operational, loadable components and all.
    In this mode, all submitted error-log events are also automatically
    added to performance_schema.error_log.

    flush_error_log_messages() is called once any configured loadable
    error log-services are available. It flushes all buffered log-events
    to the log-services the user actually wants.
    If LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS_AND_PFS is set, also add the
    flushed events to performance_schema.error_log.
  */
  assert((log_error_dest != nullptr) && (log_error_dest[0] != '\0'));

  if (!strcmp(log_error_dest, "stderr")) {
    // If we logging to stderr, there will be no log-files/stackdumps to read.
    // As this is a common case in mysql-test-run, we offer a fallback.

    // Let the user know we cannot provide info from previous runs.
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_ERROR_LOG_DESTINATION_NOT_A_FILE, "stderr");
    // init logging to pfs
    log_error_read_log_init();
    // flag log-stack as ready and enable logging to pfs
    log_error_stage_set(LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS_AND_PFS);
    // flush messages, sending a copy to pfs
    flush_error_log_messages();
  } else {
    // We're logging to a named file.

    /*
      Flush messages to log-files, not sending a copy to pfs.
      After flushing, we'll be reading the tail end of the error-log
      (to add the previous run's log-events to performance_schema.error_log).
      Since flushing appended this start-up's messages to that log,
      those start-up messages will be read along with the previous run's ones.
      That is to say, if we were to send a copy of the start-up messages
      directly to performance_schema.error_log while flushing here, we'd
      then read the same data again from the logs below, and end up with
      two copies in performance_schema.error_log.
    */
    flush_error_log_messages();
    /*
      Try to load error log events from the previous run (if available)
      as well as those from the current start-up into
      performance_schema.error_log.
    */
    if (!log_error_read_log_init()) {
      if ((log_error_read_log(log_error_dest) == LOG_SERVICE_SUCCESS) &&
          (have_backtrace)) {
        /*
          If we processed a backtrace earlier, it should have been flushed
          to the configured log-sinks in their respective formats.
          If we managed to read an error-log just now, we should therefore
          have read the backtrace from the selected log-sink in its format
          (rather than reading the unformatted stacktrace written to stderr
          when the signal occurred, which was then redirected to the
          traditional error-log).
          Hence, the backtrace should now be in performance_schema.error_log.
          If we selected the JSON-sink, pfs.error_log will also show the data
          in JSON; if we selected log_sink_internal, pfs.error_log will have
          the data in the traditional error-log format, and so on.

          If one of the selected sinks is the "traditional" error-log,
          all's well -- we've already flushed some SYSTEM priority events
          generated during start-up to the active logs, so the backtrace
          is no longer at the very end of the file, and it won't get
          processed again next time we start.

          If however "trad" is not one of the selected sinks, it is quite
          possible that nothing would be appended to the trad-log during
          this run. This would result in the backtrace being processed again
          at the next start-up, and in it being appended to the other logs
          again.

          For that reason, we write an event to the trad-log now, even if
          it's not enabled in log_error_services. At the next start-up,
          the backtrace will likely be seen again, but since it will no
          longer be the very last segment in the log-file, it will be
          ignored, rather than being processed again (and being added to
          all configured log-files a second time).

          Below, we synthesize that event, and instead of sending it to
          the logger-core, we directly send it to the trad-sink.

          We set the LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG explicitly at the top of the file.
          Normally, we could just leave it at the default (NULL) as the
          logger-core will fallback on "Server" if no string is specified.
          However, we use LogEvent().steal() below which bypasses the core
          (and thus, the NULL-fallback).
        */
        log_line *ll;
        LogEvent()
            .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
            .errcode(ER_STACK_BACKTRACE)
            .subsys(LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG)
            .prio(SYSTEM_LEVEL)  // make it unfilterable
            .verbatim(
                "A backtrace was processed and added to the main error-log "
                "in the appropriate format.")  // marker
            .steal(&ll);  // obtain pointer to the event-data
        log_sink_trad(nullptr,
                      ll);  // write to trad-log, bypassing logger-core.
        log_line_item_free_all(ll);  // release all key/value pairs on event
        log_line_exit(ll);           // release event itself
      }
    }
    // flag log-stack as ready and enable copying log-events to pfs
    log_error_stage_set(LOG_ERROR_STAGE_COMPONENTS_AND_PFS);
  }

  ret = 0;  // Success!

failure:

  /*
    Destroy lock so plugin_register_early_plugins() > plugin_init_internals()
    can properly set up all plugin-related things together below.
  */
  mysql_mutex_destroy(&LOCK_plugin);

  return ret;
}

#if defined(MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR)

// For "bundled" ICU:
// Verify that we can find <directory_path>/icudt69l
//   and                   <directory_path>/icudt69l/unames.icu
// or <directory_path>/icudt69b on Sparc
static bool icu_data_directory_is_valid(const char *directory_path) {
  MY_STAT stat_info;
  bool directory_exists = mysql_file_stat(key_file_misc, directory_path,
                                          &stat_info, MYF(0)) != nullptr;
  if (directory_exists) {
    char icudt_path[FN_REFLEN];
    fn_format(icudt_path, ICUDT_DIR, directory_path, "", 0);
    bool icudt_dir_exists =
        mysql_file_stat(key_file_misc, icudt_path, &stat_info, MYF(0));
    if (icudt_dir_exists) {
      char icunames_path[FN_REFLEN];
      fn_format(icunames_path, "unames.icu", icudt_path, "", 0);
      bool icu_unames_exists =
          mysql_file_stat(key_file_misc, icunames_path, &stat_info, MYF(0));
      if (icu_unames_exists) {
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

// For "bundled" ICU:
// Look for icudt69l.lnk in build directory.
static char *get_icu_data_directory_in_build_dir(char *to) {
  char icudt_path[FN_REFLEN];
  fn_format(icudt_path, ICUDT_DIR, mysql_home, ".lnk", 0);
  MY_STAT stat_info;
  bool icudt_lnk_exists =
      mysql_file_stat(key_file_misc, icudt_path, &stat_info, MYF(0)) != nullptr;
  if (icudt_lnk_exists) {
    File file = mysql_file_open(key_file_misc, icudt_path, O_RDONLY, 0);
    if (file != -1) {
      char icudt_lnk_contents[FN_REFLEN];
      size_t num_bytes_read =
          mysql_file_read(file, reinterpret_cast<uchar *>(icudt_lnk_contents),
                          sizeof(icudt_lnk_contents), 0);
      mysql_file_close(file, 0);
      if (num_bytes_read != MY_FILE_ERROR) {
        icudt_lnk_contents[num_bytes_read] = '\0';
        memcpy(to, icudt_lnk_contents, num_bytes_read + 1);
        return to;
      }
    }
  }
  return nullptr;
}

// For "bundled" ICU:
// Look for MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR which depends on INSTALL_PRIV_LIBDIR
static char *get_icu_data_directory_in_install_dir(char *to) {
  char buff[FN_REFLEN];
  const char *mysql_icu_datadir = get_relative_path(MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR);
  if (test_if_hard_path(mysql_icu_datadir))
    strmake(buff, mysql_icu_datadir, sizeof(buff) - 1);
  else
    strxnmov(buff, sizeof(buff) - 1, mysql_home, mysql_icu_datadir, NullS);
  convert_dirname(buff, buff, NullS);
  memcpy(to, buff, sizeof(buff));
  return to;
}

// Where to look for data files for "bundled" ICU:
// Look in environment ICU_DATA.
// In a build sandbox we expect cmake to write a .lnk file.
// In an install directory, we look in MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR.
static void init_icu_data_directory() {
  // Use environment variable if available.
  const char *env_icu_data = getenv("ICU_DATA");
  if (env_icu_data != nullptr) {
    if (icu_data_directory_is_valid(env_icu_data)) {
      return;
    }
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_REGEXP_MISSING_ICU_DATADIR, env_icu_data);
    // Continue, looking for ICU in build or install directory.
  }

  char build_dir_buffer[FN_REFLEN];
  const char *in_build = get_icu_data_directory_in_build_dir(build_dir_buffer);
  if (in_build != nullptr && icu_data_directory_is_valid(in_build)) {
    u_setDataDirectory(in_build);
    return;
  }
  char install_dir_buffer[FN_REFLEN];
  const char *in_install =
      get_icu_data_directory_in_install_dir(install_dir_buffer);
  if (in_install != nullptr && icu_data_directory_is_valid(in_install)) {
    u_setDataDirectory(in_install);
    return;
  }
  LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_REGEXP_MISSING_ICU_DATADIR, install_dir_buffer);
}

#endif  // MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR

static int init_server_components() {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  /*
    We need to call each of these following functions to ensure that
    all things are initialized so that unireg_abort() doesn't fail
  */
  mdl_init();
  partitioning_init();
  if (table_def_init() || hostname_cache_init(host_cache_size))
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  /*
    This load function has to be called after the opt_plugin_dir variable
    is initialized else it will fail to load.
    The unload of these components will be done by minimal_chassis_deinit().
    So, no need to call unload of these components.
    Since, it is an optional component required for GR, audit log etc. The
    error check of the service availability has to be done by those
    plugins/components.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize)
    dynamic_loader_srv->load(component_urns, NUMBER_OF_COMPONENTS);

  /*
    Timers not needed if only starting with --help.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
    if (my_timer_initialize())
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INIT_TIMER, errno);
    else
      have_statement_timeout = SHOW_OPTION_YES;
  }

  randominit(&sql_rand, (ulong)server_start_time, (ulong)server_start_time / 2);
  setup_fpu();

  setup_error_log();  // opens the log if needed

  enter_cond_hook = thd_enter_cond;
  exit_cond_hook = thd_exit_cond;
  enter_stage_hook = thd_enter_stage;
  set_waiting_for_disk_space_hook = thd_set_waiting_for_disk_space;
  is_killed_hook = thd_killed;

  xa::Transaction_cache::initialize();

  /*
    Try to read the previous run's error log and make it available in
    performance_schema.error_log. Activate all error logging services
    requested by the user in @@global.log_error_services (now that the
    component infrastructure is available), flush the buffered error
    messages to performance schema and to configured services, and end
    error log buffering.

    Pre-requisites:
    We depend on component_infrastructure_init() and setup_error_log()
    above. init_common_variables() additionally gives us a correctly
    set up umask etc., and keyring-migration may modify the log-target,
    so we wait that out as well. It should be safe to go before the
    component-autoload above ("component_urns") for the time being,
    but that may not be the case in the future, so we're playing it
    safe. Altogether by the time we get here, we're usually within
    a second of start-up, with a half-dozen or less messages buffered
    if no issues were encountered.
  */
  if (setup_error_log_components()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  if (MDL_context_backup_manager::init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_OOM);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /*
    initialize delegates for extension observers, errors have already
    been reported in the function
  */
  if (delegates_init()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  /* need to configure logging before initializing storage engines */
  if (opt_log_replica_updates && !opt_bin_log) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_NEED_LOG_BIN, "--log-replica-updates");
  }
  if (binlog_format_used && !opt_bin_log)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_NEED_LOG_BIN, "--binlog-format");

  /* Check that we have not let the format to unspecified at this point */
  assert((uint)global_system_variables.binlog_format <=
         array_elements(binlog_format_names) - 1);

  opt_server_id_mask =
      (opt_server_id_bits == 32) ? ~ulong(0) : (1 << opt_server_id_bits) - 1;
  if (server_id != (server_id & opt_server_id_mask)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SERVERID_TOO_LARGE);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (opt_bin_log) {
    /* Reports an error and aborts, if the --log-bin's path
       is a directory.*/
    if (opt_bin_logname &&
        opt_bin_logname[strlen(opt_bin_logname) - 1] == FN_LIBCHAR) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_NEED_FILE_INSTEAD_OF_DIR, "--log-bin",
             opt_bin_logname);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    /* Reports an error and aborts, if the --log-bin-index's path
       is a directory.*/
    if (opt_binlog_index_name &&
        opt_binlog_index_name[strlen(opt_binlog_index_name) - 1] ==
            FN_LIBCHAR) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_NEED_FILE_INSTEAD_OF_DIR, "--log-bin-index",
             opt_binlog_index_name);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    char buf[FN_REFLEN];
    const char *ln;
    if (log_bin_supplied) {
      /*
        Binary log basename defaults to "`hostname`-bin" name prefix
        if --log-bin is used without argument.
      */
      ln = mysql_bin_log.generate_name(opt_bin_logname, "-bin", buf);
    } else {
      /*
        Binary log basename defaults to "binlog" name prefix
        if --log-bin is not used.
      */
      ln = mysql_bin_log.generate_name(opt_bin_logname, "", buf);
    }

    if (!opt_bin_logname && !opt_binlog_index_name && log_bin_supplied) {
      /*
        User didn't give us info to name the binlog index file.
        Picking `hostname`-bin.index like did in 4.x, causes replication to
        fail if the hostname is changed later. So, we would like to instead
        require a name. But as we don't want to break many existing setups, we
        only give warning, not error.
      */
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_LOG_BIN_BETTER_WITH_NAME, ln);
    }
    if (ln == buf) {
      my_free(opt_bin_logname);
      opt_bin_logname = my_strdup(key_memory_opt_bin_logname, buf, MYF(0));
    }

    /*
      Skip opening the index file if we start with --help. This is necessary
      to avoid creating the file in an otherwise empty datadir, which will
      cause a succeeding 'mysqld --initialize' to fail.
    */
    if (!is_help_or_validate_option() &&
        mysql_bin_log.open_index_file(opt_binlog_index_name, ln, true)) {
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

  if (opt_bin_log) {
    /*
      opt_bin_logname[0] needs to be checked to make sure opt binlog name is
      not an empty string, in case it is an empty string default file
      extension will be passed
     */
    if (log_bin_supplied) {
      log_bin_basename = rpl_make_log_name(
          key_memory_MYSQL_BIN_LOG_basename, opt_bin_logname,
          default_logfile_name,
          (opt_bin_logname && opt_bin_logname[0]) ? "" : "-bin");
    } else {
      log_bin_basename =
          rpl_make_log_name(key_memory_MYSQL_BIN_LOG_basename, opt_bin_logname,
                            default_binlogfile_name, "");
    }

    log_bin_index =
        rpl_make_log_name(key_memory_MYSQL_BIN_LOG_index, opt_binlog_index_name,
                          log_bin_basename, ".index");

    if ((!opt_binlog_index_name || !opt_binlog_index_name[0]) &&
        log_bin_index) {
      strmake(default_binlog_index_name,
              log_bin_index + dirname_length(log_bin_index),
              FN_REFLEN + index_ext_length - 1);
      opt_binlog_index_name = default_binlog_index_name;
    }

    if (log_bin_basename == nullptr || log_bin_index == nullptr) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_MAKE_PATHS, (int)FN_REFLEN, (int)FN_LEN);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

  DBUG_PRINT("debug",
             ("opt_bin_logname: %s, opt_relay_logname: %s, pidfile_name: %s",
              opt_bin_logname, opt_relay_logname, pidfile_name));

  /*
    opt_relay_logname[0] needs to be checked to make sure opt relaylog name is
    not an empty string, in case it is an empty string default file
    extension will be passed
   */
  relay_log_basename = rpl_make_log_name(
      key_memory_MYSQL_RELAY_LOG_basename, opt_relay_logname,
      default_logfile_name,
      (opt_relay_logname && opt_relay_logname[0]) ? "" : relay_ext);

  if (!opt_relay_logname || !opt_relay_logname[0]) {
    if (relay_log_basename) {
      strmake(default_relaylogfile_name,
              relay_log_basename + dirname_length(relay_log_basename),
              FN_REFLEN + relay_ext_length - 1);
      opt_relay_logname = default_relaylogfile_name;
    }
  } else
    opt_relay_logname_supplied = true;

  if (relay_log_basename != nullptr)
    relay_log_index = rpl_make_log_name(key_memory_MYSQL_RELAY_LOG_index,
                                        opt_relaylog_index_name,
                                        relay_log_basename, ".index");

  if (!opt_relaylog_index_name || !opt_relaylog_index_name[0]) {
    if (relay_log_index) {
      strmake(default_relaylog_index_name,
              relay_log_index + dirname_length(relay_log_index),
              FN_REFLEN + relay_ext_length + index_ext_length - 1);
      opt_relaylog_index_name = default_relaylog_index_name;
    }
  } else
    opt_relaylog_index_name_supplied = true;

  if (relay_log_basename == nullptr || relay_log_index == nullptr) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_MAKE_PATHS, (int)FN_REFLEN, (int)FN_LEN);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (log_bin_basename != nullptr &&
      !strcmp(log_bin_basename, relay_log_basename)) {
    const int bin_ext_length = 4;
    char default_binlogfile_name_from_hostname[FN_REFLEN + bin_ext_length];
    /* Generate default bin log file name. */
    strmake(default_binlogfile_name_from_hostname, default_logfile_name,
            FN_REFLEN - 1);
    strcat(default_binlogfile_name_from_hostname, "-bin");

    if (!default_relaylogfile_name[0]) {
      /* Generate default relay log file name. */
      strmake(default_relaylogfile_name, default_logfile_name, FN_REFLEN - 1);
      strcat(default_relaylogfile_name, relay_ext);
    }
    /*
      Reports an error and aborts, if the same base name is specified
      for both binary and relay logs.
    */
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_HAVE_SAME_BASENAME, log_bin_basename,
           "--log-bin", default_binlogfile_name,
           default_binlogfile_name_from_hostname, "--relay-log",
           default_relaylogfile_name);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (global_system_variables.binlog_row_value_options != 0) {
    const char *msg = nullptr;
    longlong err = ER_BINLOG_ROW_VALUE_OPTION_IGNORED;
    if (!opt_bin_log)
      msg = "the binary log is disabled";
    else if (global_system_variables.binlog_format == BINLOG_FORMAT_STMT)
      msg = "binlog_format=STATEMENT";
    else if (log_bin_use_v1_row_events) {
      msg = "binlog_row_value_options=PARTIAL_JSON";
      err = ER_BINLOG_USE_V1_ROW_EVENTS_IGNORED;
    } else if (global_system_variables.binlog_row_image ==
               BINLOG_ROW_IMAGE_FULL) {
      msg = "binlog_row_image=FULL";
      err = ER_BINLOG_ROW_VALUE_OPTION_USED_ONLY_FOR_AFTER_IMAGES;
    }
    if (msg) {
      switch (err) {
        case ER_BINLOG_ROW_VALUE_OPTION_IGNORED:
        case ER_BINLOG_ROW_VALUE_OPTION_USED_ONLY_FOR_AFTER_IMAGES:
          LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, err, msg, "PARTIAL_JSON");
          break;
        case ER_BINLOG_USE_V1_ROW_EVENTS_IGNORED:
          LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, err, msg);
          break;
        default:
          assert(0); /* purecov: deadcode */
      }
    }
  }

  /* call ha_init_key_cache() on all key caches to init them */
  process_key_caches(&ha_init_key_cache);

  /* Allow storage engine to give real error messages */
  if (ha_init_errors()) return 1;

  if (gtid_server_init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INITIALIZE_GTID);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (opt_log_replica_updates && replicate_same_server_id) {
    if (opt_bin_log && global_gtid_mode.get() != Gtid_mode::ON) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_INFINITY_DENIED);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    } else
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_RPL_INFINITY_IGNORED);
  }

  {
    /*
      We have to call a function in log_resource.cc, or its references
      won't be visible to plugins.
    */
#ifndef NDEBUG
    int dummy =
#endif
        Log_resource::dummy_function_to_ensure_we_are_linked_into_the_server();
    assert(dummy == 1);
  }

  /*
    We need to initialize the UDF globals early before reading the proc table
    and before the server component initialization to allow other components
    to register their UDFs at init time and de-register them at deinit time.
  */
  udf_init_globals();

  /*
    Set tc_log to point to TC_LOG_DUMMY early in order to allow plugin_init()
    to commit attachable transaction after reading from mysql.plugin table.
    If necessary tc_log will be adjusted to point to correct TC_LOG instance
    later.
  */
  tc_log = &tc_log_dummy;

  /*
   Each server should have one UUID. We will create it automatically, if it
   does not exist. It should be initialized before opening binlog file. Because
   server's uuid will be stored into the new binlog file.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && init_server_auto_options()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_UUID);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /*Load early plugins */
  if (plugin_register_early_plugins(&remaining_argc, remaining_argv,
                                    (is_help_or_validate_option())
                                        ? PLUGIN_INIT_SKIP_INITIALIZATION
                                        : 0)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INITIALIZE_EARLY_PLUGINS);
    unireg_abort(1);
  }

  /* Load builtin plugins, initialize MyISAM, CSV and InnoDB */
  if (plugin_register_builtin_and_init_core_se(&remaining_argc,
                                               remaining_argv)) {
    if (!opt_validate_config)
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INITIALIZE_BUILTIN_PLUGINS);
    unireg_abort(1);
  }

  /*
    Needs to be done before dd::init() which runs DDL commands (for real)
    during instance initialization.
  */
  init_sql_command_flags();

  /*
    plugin_register_dynamic_and_init_all() needs DD initialized.
    Initialize DD to create data directory using current server.
  */
  if (opt_initialize) {
    if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
      if (dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_INITIALIZE)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DD_INIT_FAILED);
        unireg_abort(1);
      }

      if (dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_INITIALIZE_SYSTEM_VIEWS)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SYSTEM_VIEW_INIT_FAILED);
        unireg_abort(1);
      }
    }
  } else {
    /*
      Initialize DD in case of upgrade and normal normal server restart.
      It is detected if we are starting on old data directory or current
      data directory. If it is old data directory, DD tables are created.
      If server is starting on data directory with DD tables, DD is initialized.
    */
    if (!is_help_or_validate_option() &&
        dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_RESTART_OR_UPGRADE)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DD_INIT_FAILED);

      /* If clone recovery fails, we rollback the files to previous
      dataset and attempt to restart server. */
      int exit_code =
          clone_recovery_error ? MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT : MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT;
      unireg_abort(exit_code);
    }
  }

  /*
   During plugin initialization, a plugin may expect (depending on what the
   plugin actually does) to find a functional server, including:
   - mysql system tables
   - information schema tables
   - performance schema tables
   - data dictionary
   - components / services, including the registry service
   During the server installation, all these parts are not available yet, as
   they are created during the installation process with mysqld --initialize.

   As a result, plugins are not loaded during mysqld --initialize, so that
   the server install can proceed and complete before any plugin is loaded
   through any config file or pre-programmed command line.
  */
  int flags = 0;

  if (opt_noacl) flags |= PLUGIN_INIT_SKIP_PLUGIN_TABLE;
  if (is_help_or_validate_option())
    flags |= PLUGIN_INIT_SKIP_INITIALIZATION | PLUGIN_INIT_SKIP_PLUGIN_TABLE;
  if (opt_initialize) flags |= PLUGIN_INIT_SKIP_DYNAMIC_LOADING;

  /*
    In the case of upgrade, we need to delay initialization of plugins that
    depend on e.g. mysql tables that will be changed during upgrade.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize &&
      !dd::upgrade::no_server_upgrade_required() &&
      opt_upgrade_mode != UPGRADE_MINIMAL)
    flags |= PLUGIN_INIT_DELAY_UNTIL_AFTER_UPGRADE;

  /*
    Initialize the cost model, but delete it after the plugins are initialized.
    Cost model is needed while dropping and creating pfs tables to
    update metadata of referencing views (if there are any).
   */
  init_optimizer_cost_module(true);
  {  // New scope in which the error handler hook is modified.
    ErrorHandlerFunctionPointer ehh_val = error_handler_hook;
    auto restore_ehh = create_scope_guard([ehh_val]() {
      assert(ehh_val == my_message_stderr);
      error_handler_hook = ehh_val;
    });
    error_handler_hook = +[](uint c, const char *s, myf f) {
      if (c != ER_NO_SUCH_TABLE || strstr(s, "mysql.server_cost") == nullptr) {
        my_message_stderr(c, s, f);
      }
    };
    if (plugin_register_dynamic_and_init_all(&remaining_argc, remaining_argv,
                                             flags)) {
      delete_optimizer_cost_module();
      // Delete all DD tables in case of error in initializing plugins.
      if (dd::upgrade_57::in_progress())
        (void)dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_DELETE);

      if (!opt_validate_config)
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INITIALIZE_DYNAMIC_PLUGINS);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }  // End of extra scope where missing server_cost errors are not logged
  assert(error_handler_hook == my_message_stderr);
  dynamic_plugins_are_initialized =
      true; /* Don't separate from init function */
  delete_optimizer_cost_module();

  LEX_CSTRING plugin_name = {STRING_WITH_LEN("thread_pool")};
  if (Connection_handler_manager::thread_handling !=
          Connection_handler_manager::SCHEDULER_ONE_THREAD_PER_CONNECTION ||
      plugin_is_ready(plugin_name, MYSQL_DAEMON_PLUGIN)) {
    auto res_grp_mgr = resourcegroups::Resource_group_mgr::instance();
    res_grp_mgr->disable_resource_group();
    res_grp_mgr->set_unsupport_reason("Thread pool plugin enabled");
  }

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  /*
    A value of the variable dd_upgrade_flag is reset after
    dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_POPULATE_UPGRADE) returned.
    So make its copy to call init_pfs_tables() with right argument value later.
  */
  bool dd_upgrade_was_initiated = dd::upgrade_57::in_progress();
#endif

  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && dd::upgrade_57::in_progress()) {
    // Populate DD tables with meta data from 5.7
    if (dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_POPULATE_UPGRADE)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DD_POPULATING_TABLES_FAILED);
      unireg_abort(1);
    }
    // Run after_dd_upgrade hook
    if (RUN_HOOK(server_state, after_dd_upgrade_from_57, (nullptr)))
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /*
    Store server and plugin IS tables metadata into new DD.
    This is done after all the plugins are registered.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize &&
      !dd::upgrade_57::in_progress() &&
      dd::init(dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_UPDATE_I_S_METADATA)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_DD_UPDATING_PLUGIN_MD_FAILED);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option()) {
    /*
      Initialize the cost model, but delete it after the pfs is initialized.
      Cost model is needed while dropping and creating pfs tables to
      update metadata of referencing views (if there are any).
    */
    init_optimizer_cost_module(true);

    bool st;
    if (opt_initialize || dd_upgrade_was_initiated)
      st = dd::performance_schema::init_pfs_tables(
          dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_INITIALIZE);
    else
      st = dd::performance_schema::init_pfs_tables(
          dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_RESTART_OR_UPGRADE);

    /* Now that the pfs is initialized, delete the cost model. */
    delete_optimizer_cost_module();

    if (st) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_PERFSCHEMA_TABLES_INIT_FAILED);
      unireg_abort(1);
    }
  }
#endif

  bool recreate_non_dd_based_system_view = dd::upgrade::I_S_upgrade_required();
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize &&
      !dd::upgrade::no_server_upgrade_required()) {
    if (opt_upgrade_mode == UPGRADE_MINIMAL)
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_UPGRADE_SKIP);
    else {
      init_optimizer_cost_module(true);
      if (bootstrap::run_bootstrap_thread(nullptr, nullptr,
                                          &dd::upgrade::upgrade_system_schemas,
                                          SYSTEM_THREAD_SERVER_UPGRADE)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_UPGRADE_FAILED);
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }
      delete_optimizer_cost_module();
      recreate_non_dd_based_system_view = true;

      /*
        When upgrade is finished, we need to initialize the plugins that
        had their initialization delayed due to dependencies on the
        environment.

        TODO: Provide a better long term solution by re-ordering startup
              sequence and rewriting the way we create and upgrade server
              resources needed by plugins.
      */
      if (dd::upgrade::plugin_initialize_delayed_after_upgrade()) {
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }
    }
  }

  /*
    Re-create non DD based system views after a) if we upgraded system
    schemas b) I_S system view version is changed and server system views
    were recreated. c) If the database was upgraded. We do not update this
    in upgrade-minimal mode.
   */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize &&
      opt_upgrade_mode != UPGRADE_MINIMAL &&
      recreate_non_dd_based_system_view) {
    if (dd::init(
            dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_INITIALIZE_NON_DD_BASED_SYSTEM_VIEWS)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SYSTEM_VIEW_INIT_FAILED);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

  auto res_grp_mgr = resourcegroups::Resource_group_mgr::instance();
  // Initialize the Resource group subsystem.
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize) {
    if (res_grp_mgr->post_init()) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RESOURCE_GROUP_POST_INIT_FAILED);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

  Session_tracker session_track_system_variables_check;
  LEX_STRING var_list;
  char *tmp_str;
  size_t len = strlen(global_system_variables.track_sysvars_ptr);
  tmp_str = (char *)my_malloc(PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED, len * sizeof(char) + 2,
                              MYF(MY_WME));
  strcpy(tmp_str, global_system_variables.track_sysvars_ptr);
  var_list.length = len;
  var_list.str = tmp_str;
  if (session_track_system_variables_check.server_boot_verify(
          system_charset_info, var_list)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_TRACK_VARIABLES_BOGUS);
    if (tmp_str) my_free(tmp_str);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  if (tmp_str) my_free(tmp_str);

  // Validate the configuration if --validate-config was specified.
  if (opt_validate_config && (remaining_argc > 1)) {
    bool saved_getopt_skip_unknown = my_getopt_skip_unknown;
    struct my_option no_opts[] = {{nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
                                   nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
                                   nullptr, 0, nullptr}};

    my_getopt_skip_unknown = false;

    if (handle_options(&remaining_argc, &remaining_argv, no_opts,
                       mysqld_get_one_option))
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    my_getopt_skip_unknown = saved_getopt_skip_unknown;
  }

  if (is_help_or_validate_option()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);

  /* if the errmsg.sys is not loaded, terminate to maintain behaviour */
  if (!my_default_lc_messages->errmsgs->is_loaded()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_READ_ERRMSGS);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /* We have to initialize the storage engines before CSV logging */
  if (ha_init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INIT_DBS);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /* Initialize ndbinfo tables in DD */
  if (dd::ndbinfo::init_schema_and_tables(opt_upgrade_mode)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_NDBINFO_UPGRADING_SCHEMA_FAIL);
    unireg_abort(1);
  }

  if (opt_initialize) log_output_options = LOG_FILE;

  /*
    Issue a warning if there were specified additional options to the
    log-output along with NONE. Probably this wasn't what user wanted.
  */
  if ((log_output_options & LOG_NONE) && (log_output_options & ~LOG_NONE))
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOG_OUTPUT_CONTRADICTORY);

  if (log_output_options & LOG_TABLE) {
    /* Fall back to log files if the csv engine is not loaded. */
    LEX_CSTRING csv_name = {STRING_WITH_LEN("csv")};
    if (!plugin_is_ready(csv_name, MYSQL_STORAGE_ENGINE_PLUGIN)) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_NO_CSV_NO_LOG_TABLES);
      log_output_options = (log_output_options & ~LOG_TABLE) | LOG_FILE;
    }
  }

  query_logger.set_handlers(log_output_options);

  // Open slow log file if enabled.
  query_logger.set_log_file(QUERY_LOG_SLOW);
  if (opt_slow_log && query_logger.reopen_log_file(QUERY_LOG_SLOW))
    opt_slow_log = false;

  // Open general log file if enabled.
  query_logger.set_log_file(QUERY_LOG_GENERAL);
  if (opt_general_log && query_logger.reopen_log_file(QUERY_LOG_GENERAL))
    opt_general_log = false;

  /*
    Set the default storage engines
  */
  if (initialize_storage_engine(default_storage_engine, "",
                                &global_system_variables.table_plugin))
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  if (initialize_storage_engine(default_tmp_storage_engine, " temp",
                                &global_system_variables.temp_table_plugin))
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  if (!opt_initialize && !opt_noacl) {
    set_externally_disabled_storage_engine_names(opt_disabled_storage_engines);

    // Log warning if default_storage_engine is a disabled storage engine.
    handlerton *default_se_handle =
        plugin_data<handlerton *>(global_system_variables.table_plugin);
    if (ha_is_storage_engine_disabled(default_se_handle))
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DISABLED_STORAGE_ENGINE_AS_DEFAULT,
             "default_storage_engine", default_storage_engine);

    // Log warning if default_tmp_storage_engine is a disabled storage engine.
    handlerton *default_tmp_se_handle =
        plugin_data<handlerton *>(global_system_variables.temp_table_plugin);
    if (ha_is_storage_engine_disabled(default_tmp_se_handle))
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DISABLED_STORAGE_ENGINE_AS_DEFAULT,
             "default_tmp_storage_engine", default_tmp_storage_engine);
  }

  DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("total_ha_2pc_equals_2", total_ha_2pc = 2;);
  if (total_ha_2pc > 1 || (1 == total_ha_2pc && opt_bin_log)) {
    if (opt_bin_log)
      tc_log = &mysql_bin_log;
    else
      tc_log = &tc_log_mmap;
  }

  if (Recovered_xa_transactions::init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_OOM);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  RUN_HOOK(server_state, before_recovery, (nullptr));
  if (tc_log->open(opt_bin_log ? opt_bin_logname : opt_tc_log_file)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INIT_TC_LOG);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (dd::reset_tables_and_tablespaces()) {
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  ha_post_recover();

  /*
    Add prepared XA transactions into the cache of XA transactions and acquire
    mdl lock for every table involved in any of these prepared XA transactions.
    This step moved away from the function ha_recover() in order to avoid
    possible suspending on acquiring EXCLUSIVE mdl lock on tables inside the
    function dd::reset_tables_and_tablespaces() when table cache being reset.
  */
  if (Recovered_xa_transactions::instance()
          .recover_prepared_xa_transactions()) {
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (global_gtid_mode.get() == Gtid_mode::ON &&
      _gtid_consistency_mode != GTID_CONSISTENCY_MODE_ON) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_GTID_MODE_REQUIRES_ENFORCE_GTID_CONSISTENCY_ON);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (rpl_encryption.initialize()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SERVER_RPL_ENCRYPTION_UNABLE_TO_INITIALIZE);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (opt_bin_log) {
    /*
      Configures what object is used by the current log to store processed
      gtid(s). This is necessary in the MYSQL_BIN_LOG::MYSQL_BIN_LOG to
      correctly compute the set of previous gtids.
    */
    assert(!mysql_bin_log.is_relay_log);
    mysql_mutex_t *log_lock = mysql_bin_log.get_log_lock();
    mysql_mutex_lock(log_lock);

    if (mysql_bin_log.open_binlog(opt_bin_logname, nullptr, max_binlog_size,
                                  false, true /*need_lock_index=true*/,
                                  true /*need_sid_lock=true*/, nullptr)) {
      mysql_mutex_unlock(log_lock);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
    mysql_mutex_unlock(log_lock);
  }

  /*
    When we pass non-zero values for both expire_logs_days and
    binlog_expire_logs_seconds at the server start-up, the value of
    expire_logs_days will be ignored and only binlog_expire_logs_seconds
    will be used.
  */
  if (binlog_expire_logs_seconds_supplied && expire_logs_days_supplied) {
    if (binlog_expire_logs_seconds != 0 && expire_logs_days != 0) {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_EXPIRE_LOGS_DAYS_IGNORED);
      expire_logs_days = 0;
    }
  } else if (expire_logs_days_supplied)
    binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 0;
  assert(expire_logs_days == 0 || binlog_expire_logs_seconds == 0);

  if (!opt_bin_log) {
    if (binlog_expire_logs_seconds_supplied)
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_NEED_LOG_BIN, "--binlog-expire-logs-seconds");
    if (expire_logs_days_supplied)
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_NEED_LOG_BIN, "--expire_logs_days");
  }

  if (opt_myisam_log) (void)mi_log(1);

#if defined(HAVE_MLOCKALL) && defined(MCL_CURRENT)
  if (locked_in_memory && !getuid()) {
    if (setreuid((uid_t)-1, 0) == -1) {  // this should never happen
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAIL_SETREUID, strerror(errno));
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
    if (mlockall(MCL_CURRENT)) {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_TO_LOCK_MEM,
             errno); /* purecov: inspected */
      locked_in_memory = false;
    }
#ifndef _WIN32
    if (!user_info.IsVoid()) set_user(mysqld_user, user_info);
#endif
  } else
#endif
    locked_in_memory = false;

  rpl_acf_configuration_handler = new Rpl_acf_configuration_handler();
  if (rpl_acf_configuration_handler->init()) {
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
  rpl_source_io_monitor = new Source_IO_monitor();
  udf_load_service.init();

  /* Initialize the optimizer cost module */
  init_optimizer_cost_module(true);
  ft_init_stopwords();

  init_max_user_conn();

#if defined(MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR)
  init_icu_data_directory();
#endif  // MYSQL_ICU_DATADIR

  return 0;
}

#ifdef _WIN32

extern "C" void *handle_shutdown_and_restart(void *) {
  MSG msg;
  HANDLE event_handles[2];
  event_handles[0] = hEventShutdown;
  event_handles[1] = hEventRestart;

  my_thread_init();
  /* This call should create the message queue for this thread. */
  PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 1, 65534, PM_NOREMOVE);
  DWORD ret_code = WaitForMultipleObjects(
      2, static_cast<HANDLE *>(event_handles), FALSE, INFINITE);

  if (ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1) {
    if (ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
      LogErr(SYSTEM_LEVEL, ER_NORMAL_SERVER_SHUTDOWN, my_progname);
    else
      signal_hand_thr_exit_code = MYSQLD_RESTART_EXIT;

    set_connection_events_loop_aborted(true);
    close_connections();
    my_thread_end();
    my_thread_exit(0);
  }
  return 0;
}

static void create_shutdown_and_restart_thread() {
  DBUG_TRACE;

  const char *errmsg;
  my_thread_attr_t thr_attr;
  SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES *shutdown_sec_attr;

  my_security_attr_create(&shutdown_sec_attr, &errmsg, GENERIC_ALL,
                          SYNCHRONIZE | EVENT_MODIFY_STATE);

  if (!opt_no_monitor) {
    snprintf(shutdown_event_name, sizeof(shutdown_event_name),
             "mysqld%s_shutdown", get_monitor_pid());
  }

  hEventShutdown =
      CreateEvent(shutdown_sec_attr, FALSE, FALSE, shutdown_event_name);
  hEventRestart = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, restart_event_name);

  my_thread_attr_init(&thr_attr);

  if (my_thread_create(&shutdown_restart_thr_handle, &thr_attr,
                       handle_shutdown_and_restart, 0))
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_SHUTDOWN_THREAD, errno);

  my_security_attr_free(shutdown_sec_attr);
  my_thread_attr_destroy(&thr_attr);
}
#endif /* _WIN32 */

#ifndef NDEBUG
/*
  Debugging helper function to keep the locale database
  (see sql_locale.cc) and max_month_name_length and
  max_day_name_length variable values in consistent state.
*/
static void test_lc_time_sz() {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  for (MY_LOCALE **loc = my_locales; *loc; loc++) {
    size_t max_month_len = 0;
    size_t max_day_len = 0;
    for (const char **month = (*loc)->month_names->type_names; *month;
         month++) {
      max_month_len = std::max(
          max_month_len, my_numchars_mb(&my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci, *month,
                                        *month + strlen(*month)));
    }
    for (const char **day = (*loc)->day_names->type_names; *day; day++) {
      max_day_len =
          std::max(max_day_len, my_numchars_mb(&my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci,
                                               *day, *day + strlen(*day)));
    }
    if ((*loc)->max_month_name_length != max_month_len ||
        (*loc)->max_day_name_length != max_day_len) {
      DBUG_PRINT("Wrong max day name(or month name) length for locale:",
                 ("%s", (*loc)->name));
      assert(0);
    }
  }
}
#endif  // NDEBUG

/*
  @brief : Set opt_super_readonly to user supplied value before
           enabling communication channels to accept user connections
*/

static void set_super_read_only_post_init() {
  opt_super_readonly = super_read_only;
}

static void calculate_mysql_home_from_my_progname() {
  const std::string runtime_output_directory_addon{
      "/runtime_output_directory/"};
#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(APPLE_XCODE)
  /* Allow Win32 users to move MySQL anywhere */
  char prg_dev[FN_REFLEN];
  my_path(prg_dev, my_progname, nullptr);

  // On windows or Xcode the basedir will always be one level up from where
  // the executable is located. E.g. <basedir>/bin/mysqld.exe in a
  // package, or <basedir>/runtime_output_directory/<buildconfig>/mysqld.exe
  // for a sandbox build.
  strcat(prg_dev, "/../");  // Remove containing directory to get base dir
  cleanup_dirname(mysql_home, prg_dev);

  // New layout: <cmake_binary_dir>/runtime_output_directory/<buildconfig>/
  char cmake_binary_dir[FN_REFLEN];
  size_t dlen = 0;
  dirname_part(cmake_binary_dir, mysql_home, &dlen);
  if (dlen > runtime_output_directory_addon.length() &&
      (!strcmp(
           cmake_binary_dir + (dlen - runtime_output_directory_addon.length()),
           runtime_output_directory_addon.c_str()) ||
       !strcmp(
           cmake_binary_dir + (dlen - runtime_output_directory_addon.length()),
           "\\runtime_output_directory\\"))) {
    mysql_home[strlen(mysql_home) - 1] = '\0';  // remove trailing
    dirname_part(cmake_binary_dir, mysql_home, &dlen);
    strmake(mysql_home, cmake_binary_dir, sizeof(mysql_home) - 1);
  }
  // The sql_print_information below outputs nothing ??
  // fprintf(stderr, "mysql_home %s\n", mysql_home);
  // fflush(stderr);
#else
  const char *tmpenv = getenv("MY_BASEDIR_VERSION");
  if (tmpenv != nullptr) {
    strmake(mysql_home, tmpenv, sizeof(mysql_home) - 1);
  } else {
    char progdir[FN_REFLEN];
    size_t dlen = 0;
    dirname_part(progdir, my_progname, &dlen);
    if (dlen > runtime_output_directory_addon.length() &&
        !strcmp(progdir + (dlen - runtime_output_directory_addon.length()),
                runtime_output_directory_addon.c_str())) {
      char cmake_binary_dir[FN_REFLEN];
      progdir[strlen(progdir) - 1] = '\0';  // remove trailing "/"
      dirname_part(cmake_binary_dir, progdir, &dlen);
      strmake(mysql_home, cmake_binary_dir, sizeof(mysql_home) - 1);
    } else {
      strcat(progdir, "/../");
      cleanup_dirname(mysql_home, progdir);
    }
  }
#endif
  mysql_home_ptr = mysql_home;
}

/**
  Helper class for loading keyring component
  Keyring component is loaded after minimal chassis initialization.
  At this time, home dir and plugin dir may not be initialized.

  This helper class sets them temporarily by reading configurations
  and resets them in destructor.
*/
class Plugin_and_data_dir_option_parser final {
 public:
  Plugin_and_data_dir_option_parser(int argc, char **argv)
      : datadir_(nullptr),
        plugindir_(nullptr),
        save_homedir_{0},
        save_plugindir_{0},
        valid_(false) {
    char *ptr, **res, *datadir = nullptr, *plugindir = nullptr;
    char dir[FN_REFLEN] = {0}, local_datadir_buffer[FN_REFLEN] = {0},
         local_plugindir_buffer[FN_REFLEN] = {0};
    const char *dirs = nullptr;

    my_option datadir_options[] = {
        {"datadir", 0, "", &datadir, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, OPT_ARG, 0, 0,
         0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
        {"plugin_dir", 0, "", &plugindir, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, OPT_ARG, 0,
         0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
        {nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0,
         0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr}};

    /*
      create temporary args list and pass it to handle_options.
      We do this because we don't want to mess with the actual
      argument list. handle_options() trims the processed parts.
    */
    MEM_ROOT alloc{PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED, 512};
    if (!(ptr =
              (char *)alloc.Alloc(sizeof(alloc) + (argc + 1) * sizeof(char *))))
      return;
    memset(ptr, 0, (sizeof(char *) * (argc + 1)));
    res = (char **)(ptr);
    memcpy((uchar *)res, (char *)(argv), (argc) * sizeof(char *));

    my_getopt_skip_unknown = true;
    if (my_handle_options(&argc, &res, datadir_options, nullptr, nullptr,
                          true)) {
      my_getopt_skip_unknown = false;
      return;
    }
    my_getopt_skip_unknown = false;

    if (!datadir) {
      /* mysql_real_data_home must be initialized at this point */
      assert(mysql_real_data_home[0]);
      /*
        mysql_home_ptr should also be initialized at this point.
        See calculate_mysql_home_from_my_progname() for details
      */
      assert(mysql_home_ptr && mysql_home_ptr[0]);
      convert_dirname(local_datadir_buffer, mysql_real_data_home, NullS);
      (void)my_load_path(local_datadir_buffer, local_datadir_buffer,
                         mysql_home_ptr);
      datadir = local_datadir_buffer;
    }
    dirs = datadir;
    unpack_dirname(dir, dirs);
    datadir_ = my_strdup(PSI_INSTRUMENT_ME, dir, MYF(0));
    memset(dir, 0, FN_REFLEN);

    convert_dirname(local_plugindir_buffer,
                    plugindir ? plugindir : get_relative_path(PLUGINDIR),
                    NullS);
    (void)my_load_path(local_plugindir_buffer, local_plugindir_buffer,
                       mysql_home);
    plugindir_ = my_strdup(PSI_INSTRUMENT_ME, local_plugindir_buffer, MYF(0));

    /* Backup mysql_real_data_home */
    if (mysql_real_data_home[0])
      memcpy(save_homedir_, mysql_real_data_home, strlen(mysql_real_data_home));
    if (datadir_ != nullptr)
      memcpy(mysql_real_data_home, datadir_, strlen(datadir_));

    /* Backup opt_plugin_dir */
    if (opt_plugin_dir[0])
      memcpy(save_plugindir_, opt_plugin_dir,
             std::min(static_cast<size_t>(FN_REFLEN), strlen(opt_plugin_dir)));
    if (plugindir_ != nullptr)
      memcpy(opt_plugin_dir, plugindir_, strlen(plugindir_));

    valid_ = true;
  }

  ~Plugin_and_data_dir_option_parser() {
    valid_ = false;
    if (datadir_ != nullptr) {
      memset(mysql_real_data_home, 0, sizeof(mysql_real_data_home));
      memcpy(mysql_real_data_home, save_homedir_, strlen(save_homedir_));
      my_free(datadir_);
    }
    if (plugindir_ != nullptr) {
      memset(opt_plugin_dir, 0, sizeof(opt_plugin_dir));
      memcpy(opt_plugin_dir, save_plugindir_, strlen(save_plugindir_));
      my_free(plugindir_);
    }
  }

  bool valid() const { return valid_; }

 private:
  char *datadir_;
  char *plugindir_;
  char save_homedir_[FN_REFLEN + 1];
  char save_plugindir_[FN_REFLEN + 1];
  bool valid_;
};

#ifdef _WIN32
int win_main(int argc, char **argv)
#else
int mysqld_main(int argc, char **argv)
#endif
{
  initialize_stack_direction();

  // Substitute the full path to the executable in argv[0]
  substitute_progpath(argv);
  sysd::notify_connect();
  sysd::notify("STATUS=Server startup in progress\n");

  /*
    Perform basic thread library and malloc initialization,
    to be able to read defaults files and parse options.
  */
  my_progname = argv[0];
  calculate_mysql_home_from_my_progname();

#ifndef _WIN32
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  pre_initialize_performance_schema();
#endif /*WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */
  // For windows, my_init() is called from the win specific mysqld_main
  if (my_init())  // init my_sys library & pthreads
  {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_MYINIT_FAILED);
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }
#endif /* _WIN32 */

  orig_argc = argc;
  orig_argv = argv;
  my_getopt_use_args_separator = true;
  my_defaults_read_login_file = false;
  if (load_defaults(MYSQL_CONFIG_NAME, load_default_groups, &argc, &argv,
                    &argv_alloc)) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }

  argc_cached = argc;
  argv_cached = new (&argv_alloc) char *[argc_cached + 1];
  memcpy(argv_cached, argv, argc_cached * sizeof(char *));
  argv_cached[argc_cached] = nullptr;

  /* Set data dir directory paths */
  strmake(mysql_real_data_home, get_relative_path(MYSQL_DATADIR),
          sizeof(mysql_real_data_home) - 1);

  /* Must be initialized early for comparison of options name */
  system_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;

  /* Write mysys error messages to the error log. */
  local_message_hook = error_log_print;

  sys_var_init();

#ifdef _WIN32
  if (mysys::is_my_malloc_using_jemalloc()) {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_MY_MALLOC_USING_JEMALLOC);
  } else {
    for (auto &msg : mysys::fetch_jemalloc_initialization_messages()) {
      LogErr(msg.m_severity, ER_MY_MALLOC_USING_JEMALLOC + msg.m_ecode,
             msg.m_message.c_str());
    }
  }
#endif
  /*
   Initialize variables cache for persisted variables, load persisted
   config file and append parse early  read only persisted variables
   to command line options if present.
  */
  bool arg_separator_added = false;
  if (persisted_variables_cache.init(&argc, &argv) ||
      persisted_variables_cache.load_persist_file() ||
      persisted_variables_cache.append_parse_early_variables(
          &argc, &argv, arg_separator_added)) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }

  remaining_argc = argc;
  remaining_argv = argv;

  init_variable_default_paths();

  int heo_error;

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  /*
    Initialize the array of performance schema instrument configurations.
  */
  init_pfs_instrument_array();
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

  heo_error = handle_early_options();

  init_sql_statement_names();
  ulong requested_open_files = 0;

  //  Init error log subsystem. This does not actually open the log yet.
  if (init_error_log()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  if (!opt_validate_config) adjust_related_options(&requested_open_files);

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  if (heo_error == 0) {
    if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize) {
      int pfs_rc;
      /* Add sizing hints from the server sizing parameters. */
      pfs_param.m_hints.m_table_definition_cache = table_def_size;
      pfs_param.m_hints.m_table_open_cache = table_cache_size;
      pfs_param.m_hints.m_max_connections = max_connections;
      pfs_param.m_hints.m_open_files_limit = requested_open_files;
      pfs_param.m_hints.m_max_prepared_stmt_count = max_prepared_stmt_count;

      pfs_rc = initialize_performance_schema(
          &pfs_param, &psi_thread_hook, &psi_mutex_hook, &psi_rwlock_hook,
          &psi_cond_hook, &psi_file_hook, &psi_socket_hook, &psi_table_hook,
          &psi_mdl_hook, &psi_idle_hook, &psi_stage_hook, &psi_statement_hook,
          &psi_transaction_hook, &psi_memory_hook, &psi_error_hook,
          &psi_data_lock_hook, &psi_system_hook, &psi_tls_channel_hook);
      if ((pfs_rc != 0) && pfs_param.m_enabled) {
        pfs_param.m_enabled = false;
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_PERFSCHEMA_INIT_FAILED);
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

#ifdef WITH_LOCK_ORDER
  if (heo_error == 0) {
    if (lo_param.m_enabled && !opt_help && !opt_initialize) {
      int lo_rc;
      lo_rc = LO_init(&lo_param, &psi_thread_hook, &psi_mutex_hook,
                      &psi_rwlock_hook, &psi_cond_hook, &psi_file_hook,
                      &psi_socket_hook, &psi_table_hook, &psi_mdl_hook,
                      &psi_idle_hook, &psi_stage_hook, &psi_statement_hook,
                      &psi_transaction_hook, &psi_memory_hook);
      if (lo_rc != 0) {
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_LOCK_ORDER_INIT_FAILED);
      }
    }
  }
#endif /* WITH_LOCK_ORDER */

  /*
    Other provider of the instrumentation interface should
    initialize PSI_hook here:
    - HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE is for the instrumentation interface
    - WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE is for one implementation
      of the interface,
    but there could be alternate implementations, which is why
    these two defines are kept separate.
  */

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
  /*
    Obtain the current performance schema instrumentation interface,
    if available.
  */

  void *service;

  if (psi_thread_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_thread_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_THREAD_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_thread_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_mutex_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_mutex_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_MUTEX_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_mutex_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_rwlock_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_rwlock_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_RWLOCK_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_rwlock_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_cond_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_cond_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_COND_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_cond_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_file_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_file_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_FILE_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_file_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_socket_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_socket_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_SOCKET_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_socket_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_table_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_table_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_TABLE_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_table_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_mdl_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_mdl_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_MDL_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_mdl_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_idle_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_idle_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_IDLE_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_idle_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_stage_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_stage_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_STAGE_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_stage_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_statement_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_statement_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_STATEMENT_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_statement_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_transaction_hook != nullptr) {
    service =
        psi_transaction_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_TRANSACTION_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_transaction_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_memory_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_memory_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_MEMORY_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_memory_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_error_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_error_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_ERROR_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_error_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_data_lock_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_data_lock_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_DATA_LOCK_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_data_lock_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_system_hook != nullptr) {
    service = psi_system_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_SYSTEM_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_system_service(service);
    }
  }

  if (psi_tls_channel_hook != nullptr) {
    service =
        psi_tls_channel_hook->get_interface(PSI_CURRENT_TLS_CHANNEL_VERSION);
    if (service != nullptr) {
      set_psi_tls_channel_service(service);
    }
  }

  /*
    Now that we have parsed the command line arguments, and have initialized
    the performance schema itself, the next step is to register all the
    server instruments.
  */
  init_server_psi_keys();

  /*
    Now that some instrumentation is in place,
    recreate objects which were initialised early,
    so that they are instrumented as well.
  */
  my_thread_global_reinit();
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE */

  /* This limits ability to configure SSL library through config options */
  if (init_ssl()) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    exit(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /* Set umask as early as possible */
  umask(((~my_umask) & 0666));

  /*
    Initialize Components core subsystem early on, once we have PSI, which it
    uses. This part doesn't use any more MySQL-specific functionalities but
    error logging and PFS.
  */
  if (component_infrastructure_init()) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }

  {
    /* Must be initialized early because it is required by dynamic loader */
    files_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;
    auto keyring_helper = std::make_unique<Plugin_and_data_dir_option_parser>(
        remaining_argc, remaining_argv);

    if (keyring_helper->valid() == false) {
      flush_error_log_messages();
      return 1;
    }

    if (initialize_manifest_file_components()) {
      flush_error_log_messages();
      return 1;
    }

    /*
      If keyring component was loaded through manifest file, services provided
      by such a component should get priority over keyring plugin. That's why
      we have to set defaults before proxy keyring services are loaded.
    */
    set_srv_keyring_implementation_as_default();
  }

  /*
    Append read only persisted variables to command line now.
    Note that if arg separator is already added, it will not
    be added again.
  */
  if (persisted_variables_cache.append_read_only_variables(
          &remaining_argc, &remaining_argv, arg_separator_added, false)) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }
  my_getopt_use_args_separator = false;

  /*
    Initialize Performance Schema component services.
  */
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize) {
    register_pfs_notification_service();
    register_pfs_resource_group_service();
  }
#endif

  // Initialize the resource group subsystem.
  auto res_grp_mgr = resourcegroups::Resource_group_mgr::instance();
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() && !opt_initialize) {
    if (res_grp_mgr->init()) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RESOURCE_GROUP_SUBSYSTEM_INIT_FAILED);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
  /* Instrument the main thread */
  PSI_thread *psi = PSI_THREAD_CALL(new_thread)(key_thread_main, 0, nullptr, 0);
  PSI_THREAD_CALL(set_thread_os_id)(psi);
  PSI_THREAD_CALL(set_thread)(psi);
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE */

  /* Initialize audit interface globals. Audit plugins are inited later. */
  mysql_audit_initialize();

  Srv_session::module_init();

  /*
    Perform basic query log initialization. Should be called after
    MY_INIT, as it initializes mutexes.
  */
  query_logger.init();

  if (heo_error) {
    /*
      Parsing command line option failed,
      Since we don't have a workable remaining_argc/remaining_argv
      to continue the server initialization, this is as far as this
      code can go.
      This is the best effort to log meaningful messages:
      - messages will be printed to stderr, which is not redirected yet,
      - messages will be printed in the NT event log, for windows.
    */
    flush_error_log_messages();
    /*
      Not enough initializations for unireg_abort()
      Using exit() for windows.
    */
    exit(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (init_common_variables()) {
    setup_error_log();
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);  // Will do exit
  }

  keyring_lockable_init();

  my_init_signals();
  /*
    Install server's my_abort routine to assure my_aborts prints signal info
    sequentially without sudden termination.
  */
  set_my_abort(my_server_abort);

  size_t guardize = 0;
#ifndef _WIN32
  int retval = pthread_attr_getguardsize(&connection_attrib, &guardize);
  assert(retval == 0);
  if (retval != 0) guardize = my_thread_stack_size;
#endif

#if defined(__ia64__) || defined(__ia64)
  /*
    Peculiar things with ia64 platforms - it seems we only have half the
    stack size in reality, so we have to double it here
  */
  guardize = my_thread_stack_size;
#endif

  if (0 != my_thread_attr_setstacksize(&connection_attrib,
                                       my_thread_stack_size + guardize)) {
    assert(false);
  }

  {
    /* Retrieve used stack size;  Needed for checking stack overflows */
    size_t stack_size = 0;
    my_thread_attr_getstacksize(&connection_attrib, &stack_size);

    /* We must check if stack_size = 0 as Solaris 2.9 can return 0 here */
    if (stack_size && stack_size < (my_thread_stack_size + guardize)) {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_STACKSIZE_UNEXPECTED,
             my_thread_stack_size + guardize, (long)stack_size);
#if defined(__ia64__) || defined(__ia64)
      my_thread_stack_size = stack_size / 2;
#else
      my_thread_stack_size = static_cast<ulong>(stack_size - guardize);
#endif
    }
  }

#ifndef NDEBUG
  test_lc_time_sz();
  srand(static_cast<uint>(time(nullptr)));
#endif

#if !defined(_WIN32)

  if (opt_initialize && opt_daemonize) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Initialize and daemon options are incompatible.\n");
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  if (opt_daemonize && log_error_dest == disabled_my_option &&
      (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) || isatty(STDERR_FILENO))) {
    // Just use the default in this case.
    log_error_dest = "";
  }

  if (opt_daemonize && !opt_validate_config) {
    if (chdir("/") < 0) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANNOT_CHANGE_TO_ROOT_DIR, strerror(errno));
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    if ((pipe_write_fd = mysqld::runtime::mysqld_daemonize()) < -1) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FAILED_START_MYSQLD_DAEMON);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    if (pipe_write_fd < 0) {
      // This is the launching process and the daemon appears to have
      // started ok (Need to call unireg_abort with success here to
      // clean up resources in the launching process.
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);
    }

    // Need to update the value of current_pid so that it reflects the
    // pid of the daemon (the previous value was set by unireg_init()
    // while still in the launcher process.
    current_pid = static_cast<ulong>(getpid());
  }
#endif

#ifndef _WIN32
  user_info = check_user(mysqld_user);
  if (!user_info.IsVoid()) {
#if HAVE_CHOWN
    if (unlikely(opt_initialize)) {
      /* need to change the owner of the freshly created data directory */
      MY_STAT stat;
      char errbuf[MYSYS_STRERROR_SIZE];
      bool must_chown = true;

      /* fetch the directory's owner */
      if (!my_stat(mysql_real_data_home, &stat, MYF(0))) {
        LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_CANT_STAT_DATADIR, my_errno(),
               my_strerror(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), my_errno()));
      }
      /* Don't change it if it's already the same as SElinux stops this */
      else if (stat.st_uid == user_info.pw_uid &&
               stat.st_gid == user_info.pw_gid)
        must_chown = false;

      if (must_chown &&
          chown(mysql_real_data_home, user_info.pw_uid, user_info.pw_gid)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CHOWN_DATADIR, mysqld_user);
        unireg_abort(1);
      }
    }
#endif

#if defined(HAVE_MLOCKALL) && defined(MCL_CURRENT)
    if (locked_in_memory)  // getuid() == 0 here
      set_effective_user(user_info);
    else
#endif
      set_user(mysqld_user, user_info);
  }
#endif  // !_WIN32

  /*
   initiate key migration if any one of the migration specific
   options are provided.
  */
  if (opt_keyring_migration_source || opt_keyring_migration_destination ||
      migrate_connect_options) {
    int exit_state = MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT;
    while (true) {
      Migrate_keyring mk;
      my_getopt_skip_unknown = true;
      if (mk.init(remaining_argc, remaining_argv, opt_keyring_migration_source,
                  opt_keyring_migration_destination, opt_keyring_migration_user,
                  opt_keyring_migration_host, opt_keyring_migration_password,
                  opt_keyring_migration_socket, opt_keyring_migration_port,
                  opt_keyring_migration_to_component)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_KEYRING_MIGRATION_FAILED);
        log_error_dest = "stderr";
        flush_error_log_messages();
        break;
      }

      if (mk.execute()) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_KEYRING_MIGRATION_FAILED);
        log_error_dest = "stderr";
        flush_error_log_messages();
        break;
      }

      my_getopt_skip_unknown = false;
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_KEYRING_MIGRATION_SUCCESSFUL);
      log_error_dest = "stderr";
      flush_error_log_messages();
      exit_state = MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT;
      break;
    }
    unireg_abort(exit_state);
  }

  /*
   We have enough space for fiddling with the argv, continue
  */
  if (!(is_help_or_validate_option()) &&
      my_setwd(mysql_real_data_home, MYF(0))) {
    char errbuf[MYSYS_STRERROR_SIZE];

    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_SET_DATA_DIR, mysql_real_data_home, errno,
           my_strerror(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), errno));
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT); /* purecov: inspected */
  }

  /*
   The subsequent calls may take a long time : e.g. innodb log read.
   Thus set the long running service control manager timeout
  */
#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (windows_service) {
    if (setup_service_status_cmd_processed_handle())
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

    char buf[32];
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "T %lu", slow_start_timeout);
    Service_status_msg msg(buf);
    send_service_status(msg);
  }
#endif

  /* Determine default TCP port and unix socket name */
  set_ports();

  if (init_server_components()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  if (!server_id_supplied)
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_WARN_NO_SERVERID_SPECIFIED);

  /*
    Add server_uuid to the sid_map.  This must be done after
    server_uuid has been initialized in init_server_auto_options and
    after the binary log (and sid_map file) has been initialized in
    init_server_components().

    No error message is needed: init_sid_map() prints a message.

    Strictly speaking, this is not currently needed when
    opt_bin_log==0, since the variables that gtid_state->init
    initializes are not currently used in that case.  But we call it
    regardless to avoid possible future bugs if gtid_state ever
    needs to do anything else.
  */
  global_sid_lock->wrlock();
  int gtid_ret = gtid_state->init();
  global_sid_lock->unlock();

  if (gtid_ret) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

  if (!opt_initialize && !opt_initialize_insecure) {
    // Initialize executed_gtids from mysql.gtid_executed table.
    if (gtid_state->read_gtid_executed_from_table() == -1) unireg_abort(1);
  }

  if (opt_bin_log) {
    /*
      Initialize GLOBAL.GTID_EXECUTED and GLOBAL.GTID_PURGED from
      gtid_executed table and binlog files during server startup.
    */
    Gtid_set *executed_gtids =
        const_cast<Gtid_set *>(gtid_state->get_executed_gtids());
    Gtid_set *lost_gtids = const_cast<Gtid_set *>(gtid_state->get_lost_gtids());
    Gtid_set *gtids_only_in_table =
        const_cast<Gtid_set *>(gtid_state->get_gtids_only_in_table());
    Gtid_set *previous_gtids_logged =
        const_cast<Gtid_set *>(gtid_state->get_previous_gtids_logged());

    Gtid_set purged_gtids_from_binlog(global_sid_map, global_sid_lock);
    Gtid_set gtids_in_binlog(global_sid_map, global_sid_lock);
    Gtid_set gtids_in_binlog_not_in_table(global_sid_map, global_sid_lock);

    if (mysql_bin_log.init_gtid_sets(
            &gtids_in_binlog, &purged_gtids_from_binlog,
            opt_source_verify_checksum, true /*true=need lock*/,
            nullptr /*trx_parser*/, nullptr /*partial_trx*/,
            true /*is_server_starting*/))
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

    global_sid_lock->wrlock();

    purged_gtids_from_binlog.dbug_print("purged_gtids_from_binlog");
    gtids_in_binlog.dbug_print("gtids_in_binlog");

    if (!gtids_in_binlog.is_empty() &&
        !gtids_in_binlog.is_subset(executed_gtids)) {
      gtids_in_binlog_not_in_table.add_gtid_set(&gtids_in_binlog);
      if (!executed_gtids->is_empty())
        gtids_in_binlog_not_in_table.remove_gtid_set(executed_gtids);
      /*
        Save unsaved GTIDs into gtid_executed table, in the following
        four cases:
          1. the upgrade case.
          2. the case that a slave is provisioned from a backup of
             the master and the slave is cleaned by RESET MASTER
             and RESET SLAVE before this.
          3. the case that no binlog rotation happened from the
             last RESET MASTER on the server before it crashes.
          4. The set of GTIDs of the last binlog is not saved into the
             gtid_executed table if server crashes, so we save it into
             gtid_executed table and executed_gtids during recovery
             from the crash.
      */
      if (gtid_state->save(&gtids_in_binlog_not_in_table) == -1) {
        global_sid_lock->unlock();
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }
      executed_gtids->add_gtid_set(&gtids_in_binlog_not_in_table);
    }

    /* gtids_only_in_table= executed_gtids - gtids_in_binlog */
    if (gtids_only_in_table->add_gtid_set(executed_gtids) != RETURN_STATUS_OK) {
      global_sid_lock->unlock();
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
    gtids_only_in_table->remove_gtid_set(&gtids_in_binlog);
    /*
      lost_gtids = executed_gtids -
                   (gtids_in_binlog - purged_gtids_from_binlog)
                 = gtids_only_in_table + purged_gtids_from_binlog;
    */
    assert(lost_gtids->is_empty());
    if (lost_gtids->add_gtid_set(gtids_only_in_table) != RETURN_STATUS_OK ||
        lost_gtids->add_gtid_set(&purged_gtids_from_binlog) !=
            RETURN_STATUS_OK) {
      global_sid_lock->unlock();
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    /* Prepare previous_gtids_logged for next binlog */
    if (previous_gtids_logged->add_gtid_set(&gtids_in_binlog) !=
        RETURN_STATUS_OK) {
      global_sid_lock->unlock();
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }

    /*
      Write the previous set of gtids at this point because during
      the creation of the binary log this is not done as we cannot
      move the init_gtid_sets() to a place before opening the binary
      log. This requires some investigation.

      /Alfranio
    */
    Previous_gtids_log_event prev_gtids_ev(&gtids_in_binlog);

    global_sid_lock->unlock();

    (prev_gtids_ev.common_footer)->checksum_alg =
        static_cast<enum_binlog_checksum_alg>(binlog_checksum_options);

    if (mysql_bin_log.write_event_to_binlog_and_sync(&prev_gtids_ev))
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

    // run auto purge member function. It will evaluate auto purge controls
    // and configuration, calculate which log files are to be purged, and
    // if any file is to be purged, it will purge it. This is all encapsulated
    // insiude the auto purge member function.
    //
    // Note on the DBUG_EVALUATE_IF usage below:
    // - when compiling it out: the condition evaluates to true, thus
    //   mysql_bin_log.auto_purge_at_server_startup() runs
    // - when "expire_logs_always_at_start" is set: evaluates to false,
    //   thus mysql_bin_log.purge_logs_before_date() runs
    // - when "expire_logs_always_at_start" is not set: evaluates to true,
    //   this mysql_bin_log.auto_purge_at_server_startup() runs
    if (DBUG_EVALUATE_IF("expire_logs_always_at_start", false, true))
      mysql_bin_log.auto_purge_at_server_startup();
    else if (expire_logs_days > 0 || binlog_expire_logs_seconds > 0)
      mysql_bin_log.purge_logs_before_date(time(nullptr), true);

    (void)RUN_HOOK(server_state, after_engine_recovery, (nullptr));
  }

  if (init_ssl_communication()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  if (network_init()) unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

#ifdef _WIN32
  if (opt_require_secure_transport && !opt_enable_shared_memory &&
      !have_ssl() && !opt_initialize) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_TRANSPORTS_WHAT_TRANSPORTS);
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }
#endif

  /*
   Initialize my_str_malloc(), my_str_realloc() and my_str_free()
  */
  my_str_malloc = &my_str_malloc_mysqld;
  my_str_free = &my_str_free_mysqld;
  my_str_realloc = &my_str_realloc_mysqld;

  error_handler_hook = my_message_sql;

  bool abort = false;

  /* Save pid of this process in a file */
  if (!opt_initialize) {
    if (create_pid_file()) abort = true;
  }

  /* Read the optimizer cost model configuration tables */
  if (!opt_initialize) reload_optimizer_cost_constants();

  if (
      /*
        Read components table to restore previously installed components. This
        requires read access to mysql.component table.
      */
      (!opt_initialize && mysql_component_infrastructure_init()) ||
      mysql_rm_tmp_tables()) {
    abort = true;
  }

  /* we do want to exit if there are any other unknown options */
  if (remaining_argc > 1) {
    int ho_error;
    struct my_option no_opts[] = {{nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
                                   nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
                                   nullptr, 0, nullptr}};
    /*
      We need to eat any 'loose' arguments first before we conclude
      that there are unprocessed options.
    */
    my_getopt_skip_unknown = false;

    if ((ho_error = handle_options(&remaining_argc, &remaining_argv, no_opts,
                                   mysqld_get_one_option)))
      abort = true;
    else {
      /* Add back the program name handle_options removes */
      remaining_argc++;
      remaining_argv--;
      my_getopt_skip_unknown = true;

      if (remaining_argc > 1) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_EXCESS_ARGUMENTS, remaining_argv[1]);
        LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_VERBOSE_HINT);
        abort = true;
      }
    }
  }

  if (abort || acl_init(opt_noacl)) {
    if (!abort) LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_PRIVILEGE_SYSTEM_INIT_FAILED);
    abort = true;
    opt_noacl = true;
  }

  /*
   if running with --initialize, explicitly allocate the memory
   to be used by ACL objects.
  */
  if (opt_initialize) init_acl_memory();

  if (abort || my_tz_init((THD *)nullptr, default_tz_name, opt_initialize) ||
      grant_init(opt_noacl)) {
    set_connection_events_loop_aborted(true);

    delete_pid_file(MYF(MY_WME));

    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  }

  /*
    Bootstrap the dynamic privilege service implementation
  */
  if (dynamic_privilege_init()) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_PERSISTENT_PRIVILEGES_BOOTSTRAP);
  }

  /*
    In the case of upgrade, the bootstrap thread would have already initialized
    the structures necessary for federated server from mysql.servers table.
    Hence we need not initialize them again here.
  */
  if (!opt_initialize && (dd::upgrade::no_server_upgrade_required() ||
                          opt_upgrade_mode == UPGRADE_MINIMAL))
    servers_init(nullptr);

  if (!opt_noacl) {
    udf_read_functions_table();
  }

  init_status_vars();
  /* If running with --initialize, do not start replication. */
  if (opt_initialize) opt_skip_replica_start = true;

  check_binlog_cache_size(nullptr);
  check_binlog_stmt_cache_size(nullptr);

  binlog_unsafe_map_init();

  ReplicaInitializer replica_initializer(opt_initialize, opt_skip_replica_start,
                                         rpl_channel_filters,
                                         &opt_replica_skip_errors);

#ifdef WITH_LOCK_ORDER
  if (!opt_initialize) {
    LO_activate();
  }
#endif /* WITH_LOCK_ORDER */

#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  initialize_performance_schema_acl(opt_initialize);
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

  initialize_information_schema_acl();

  (void)RUN_HOOK(server_state, after_recovery, (nullptr));

  if (Events::init(opt_noacl || opt_initialize))
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

#ifndef _WIN32
  //  Start signal handler thread.
  start_signal_handler();
#endif
  if (opt_authentication_policy &&
      validate_authentication_policy(opt_authentication_policy)) {
    /* --authentication_policy is set to invalid value */
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_AUTHENTICATION_POLICY);
    return 1;
  } else {
    /* update the value */
    update_authentication_policy();
  }
  /* set all persistent options */
  if (persisted_variables_cache.set_persisted_options(false)) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_SET_UP_PERSISTED_VALUES);
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }

  /*
    Invoke the bootstrap thread, if required.
  */
  process_bootstrap();

  /*
    Event must be invoked after error_handler_hook is assigned to
    my_message_sql, otherwise my_message will not cause the event to abort.
  */
  void *argv_p = argv;
  if (mysql_audit_notify(AUDIT_EVENT(MYSQL_AUDIT_SERVER_STARTUP_STARTUP),
                         static_cast<const char **>(argv_p), argc))
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);

#ifdef _WIN32
  create_shutdown_and_restart_thread();
#endif
  if (mysqld_process_must_end_at_startup) {
#if !defined(_WIN32)
    if (opt_daemonize) mysqld::runtime::signal_parent(pipe_write_fd, 1);
#endif
    unireg_abort(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);
  }

  start_handle_manager();

  create_compress_gtid_table_thread();

  LogEvent()
      .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
      .subsys(LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG)
      .prio(SYSTEM_LEVEL)
      .lookup(ER_SERVER_STARTUP_MSG, my_progname, server_version,
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_UN_H
              (opt_initialize ? "" : mysqld_unix_port),
#else
              "",
#endif
              mysqld_port, MYSQL_COMPILATION_COMMENT_SERVER);

  if (!opt_disable_networking && my_admin_bind_addr_str)
    LogEvent()
        .type(LOG_TYPE_ERROR)
        .subsys(LOG_SUBSYSTEM_TAG)
        .prio(SYSTEM_LEVEL)
        .lookup(ER_SERVER_STARTUP_ADMIN_INTERFACE, my_admin_bind_addr_str,
                mysqld_admin_port, MYSQL_COMPILATION_COMMENT);

#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (windows_service) {
    Service_status_msg s("R");
    send_service_status(s);
  }
#endif

  server_components_initialized();

  /*
    Set opt_super_readonly here because if opt_super_readonly is set
    in get_option, it will create problem while setting up event scheduler.
  */
  set_super_read_only_post_init();

  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Block, listening for incoming connections"));

  (void)MYSQL_SET_STAGE(0, __FILE__, __LINE__);

  server_operational_state = SERVER_OPERATING;
  sysd::notify("READY=1\nSTATUS=Server is operational\nMAIN_PID=", getpid(),
               "\n");

  (void)RUN_HOOK(server_state, before_handle_connection, (nullptr));

#if defined(_WIN32)
  if (mysqld_socket_acceptor != nullptr)
    mysqld_socket_acceptor->check_and_spawn_admin_connection_handler_thread();
  setup_conn_event_handler_threads();
#else
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);
  // Make it possible for the signal handler to kill the listener.
  socket_listener_active = true;
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);

  if (opt_daemonize) {
    if (nstdout != nullptr) {
      // Show the pid on stdout if daemonizing and connected to tty
      fprintf(nstdout, "mysqld is running as pid %lu\n", current_pid);
      fclose(nstdout);
      nstdout = nullptr;
    }

    mysqld::runtime::signal_parent(pipe_write_fd, 1);
  }

  mysqld_socket_acceptor->check_and_spawn_admin_connection_handler_thread();
  mysqld_socket_acceptor->connection_event_loop();
#endif /* _WIN32 */
  server_operational_state = SERVER_SHUTTING_DOWN;
  sysd::notify("STOPPING=1\nSTATUS=Server shutdown in progress\n");

  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("No longer listening for incoming connections"));

  mysql_audit_notify(MYSQL_AUDIT_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_SHUTDOWN,
                     MYSQL_AUDIT_SERVER_SHUTDOWN_REASON_SHUTDOWN,
                     MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);

  terminate_compress_gtid_table_thread();
  /*
    Save set of GTIDs of the last binlog into gtid_executed table
    on server shutdown.
  */
  if (opt_bin_log)
    if (gtid_state->save_gtids_of_last_binlog_into_table())
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_SAVE_GTIDS);

#ifndef _WIN32
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);
  // Notify the signal handler that we have stopped listening for connections.
  socket_listener_active = false;
  mysql_cond_broadcast(&COND_socket_listener_active);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_socket_listener_active);
#endif  // !_WIN32

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
  /*
    Disable the main thread instrumentation,
    to avoid recording events during the shutdown.
  */
  PSI_THREAD_CALL(delete_current_thread)();
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE */

  DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Waiting for shutdown proceed"));
  int ret = 0;
#ifdef _WIN32
  if (shutdown_restart_thr_handle.handle)
    ret = my_thread_join(&shutdown_restart_thr_handle, NULL);
  shutdown_restart_thr_handle.handle = NULL;
  if (0 != ret)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_JOIN_SHUTDOWN_THREAD, "shutdown ", ret);
#else
  if (signal_thread_id.thread != 0)
    ret = my_thread_join(&signal_thread_id, nullptr);
  signal_thread_id.thread = 0;
  if (0 != ret)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_JOIN_SHUTDOWN_THREAD, "signal_", ret);
#endif  // _WIN32

  clean_up(true);
  mysqld_exit(signal_hand_thr_exit_code);
}

/****************************************************************************
  Main and thread entry function for Win32
  (all this is needed only to run mysqld as a service on WinNT)
****************************************************************************/

#if defined(_WIN32)

bool is_windows_service() { return windows_service; }

NTService *get_win_service_ptr() { return &Service; }

int mysql_service(void *) {
  int my_argc;
  char **my_argv;

  if (use_opt_args) {
    my_argc = opt_argc;
    my_argv = opt_argv;
  } else if (is_mysqld_monitor()) {
    my_argc = Service.my_argc;
    my_argv = Service.my_argv;
  } else {
    my_argc = my_global_argc;
    my_argv = my_global_argv;
  }

  if (!mysqld_early_option) {
    int res = start_monitor();
    if (res != -1) {
      deinitialize_mysqld_monitor();
      return res;
    }
  }

  if (my_thread_init()) {
    flush_error_log_messages();
    return 1;
  }

  win_main(my_argc, my_argv);

  my_thread_end();
  return 0;
}

/* Quote string if it contains space, else copy */

static char *add_quoted_string(char *to, const char *from, char *to_end) {
  uint length = (uint)(to_end - to);

  if (!strchr(from, ' ')) return strmake(to, from, length - 1);
  return strxnmov(to, length - 1, "\"", from, "\"", NullS);
}

/**
  Handle basic handling of services, like installation and removal.

  @param argv             Pointer to argument list
  @param servicename    Internal name of service
  @param displayname    Display name of service (in taskbar ?)
  @param file_path    Path to this program
  @param startup_option Startup option to mysqld

  @retval
    0   option handled
  @retval
    1   Could not handle option
*/

static bool default_service_handling(char **argv, const char *servicename,
                                     const char *displayname,
                                     const char *file_path,
                                     const char *extra_opt,
                                     const char *account_name) {
  char path_and_service[FN_REFLEN + FN_REFLEN + 32], *pos, *end;
  const char *opt_delim;
  end = path_and_service + sizeof(path_and_service) - 3;

  /* We have to quote filename if it contains spaces */
  pos = add_quoted_string(path_and_service, file_path, end);
  if (extra_opt && *extra_opt) {
    /*
     Add option after file_path. There will be zero or one extra option.  It's
     assumed to be --defaults-file=file but isn't checked.  The variable (not
     the option name) should be quoted if it contains a string.
    */
    *pos++ = ' ';
    if ((opt_delim = strchr(extra_opt, '='))) {
      size_t length = ++opt_delim - extra_opt;
      pos = my_stpnmov(pos, extra_opt, length);
    } else
      opt_delim = extra_opt;

    pos = add_quoted_string(pos, opt_delim, end);
  }
  /* We must have servicename last */
  *pos++ = ' ';
  (void)add_quoted_string(pos, servicename, end);

  if (Service.got_service_option(argv, "install")) {
    Service.Install(1, servicename, displayname, path_and_service,
                    account_name);
    return 0;
  }
  if (Service.got_service_option(argv, "install-manual")) {
    Service.Install(0, servicename, displayname, path_and_service,
                    account_name);
    return 0;
  }
  if (Service.got_service_option(argv, "remove")) {
    Service.Remove(servicename);
    return 0;
  }
  return 1;
}

int mysqld_main(int argc, char **argv) {
  bool mysqld_monitor = false;
  mysqld_early_option = is_early_option(argc, argv);

  if (!mysqld_early_option) {
    initialize_mysqld_monitor();
    mysqld_monitor = is_mysqld_monitor();
  }

  if (mysqld_early_option || !mysqld_monitor) {
    /*
      When several instances are running on the same machine, we
      need to have an  unique  named  hEventShudown  through the
      application PID e.g.: MySQLShutdown1890; MySQLShutdown2342
    */

    longlong10_to_str(GetCurrentProcessId(),
                      my_stpcpy(shutdown_event_name, "MYSQLShutdown"), 10);
    longlong10_to_str(GetCurrentProcessId(),
                      my_stpcpy(restart_event_name, "MYSQLRestart"), 10);
  }

  /* Must be initialized early for comparison of service name */
  system_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;

  if (mysqld_early_option || !mysqld_monitor) {
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
    pre_initialize_performance_schema();
#endif /*WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */

    if (my_init()) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_MYINIT_FAILED);
      flush_error_log_messages();
      return 1;
    }
  }

  if (mysqld_monitor) /* true NT family */
  {
    char file_path[FN_REFLEN];
    my_path(file_path, argv[0], ""); /* Find name in path */
    fn_format(file_path, argv[0], file_path, "",
              MY_REPLACE_DIR | MY_UNPACK_FILENAME | MY_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS);

    if (argc == 2) {
      if (!default_service_handling(argv, MYSQL_SERVICENAME, MYSQL_SERVICENAME,
                                    file_path, "", NULL))
        return 0;
      if (Service.IsService(argv[1])) /* Start an optional service */
      {
        /*
          Only add the service name to the groups read from the config file
          if it's not "MySQL". (The default service name should be 'mysqld'
          but we started a bad tradition by calling it MySQL from the start
          and we are now stuck with it.
        */
        if (my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, argv[1], "mysql"))
          load_default_groups[load_default_groups_sz - 2] = argv[1];
        windows_service = true;

        Service.Init(argv[1], mysql_service);
        return 0;
      }
    } else if (argc == 3) /* install or remove any optional service */
    {
      if (!default_service_handling(argv, argv[2], argv[2], file_path, "",
                                    NULL))
        return 0;
      if (Service.IsService(argv[2])) {
        /*
          mysqld was started as
          mysqld --defaults-file=my_path\my.ini service-name
        */
        use_opt_args = 1;
        opt_argc = 2;  // Skip service-name
        opt_argv = argv;
        windows_service = true;
        if (my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, argv[2], "mysql"))
          load_default_groups[load_default_groups_sz - 2] = argv[2];
        Service.Init(argv[2], mysql_service);
        return 0;
      }
    } else if (argc == 4 || argc == 5) {
      /*
        This may seem strange, because we handle --local-service while
        preserving 4.1's behavior of allowing any one other argument that is
        passed to the service on startup. (The assumption is that this is
        --defaults-file=file, but that was not enforced in 4.1, so we don't
        enforce it here.)
      */
      const char *extra_opt = NullS;
      const char *account_name = NullS;
      int index;
      for (index = 3; index < argc; index++) {
        if (!strcmp(argv[index], "--local-service"))
          account_name = "NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService";
        else
          extra_opt = argv[index];
      }

      if (argc == 4 || account_name)
        if (!default_service_handling(argv, argv[2], argv[2], file_path,
                                      extra_opt, account_name))
          return 0;
    } else if (argc == 1 && Service.IsService(MYSQL_SERVICENAME)) {
      /* start the default service */
      windows_service = true;
      Service.Init(MYSQL_SERVICENAME, mysql_service);
      return 0;
    }
  }

  // Set windows_service value in mysqld
  if (!mysqld_monitor) {
    windows_service = is_monitor_win_service();

    if (windows_service) {
      if (argc == 2 && Service.IsService(argv[1])) {
        if (my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, argv[1], "mysql"))
          load_default_groups[load_default_groups_sz - 2] = argv[1];
        argc--;

      } else if (argc == 3 && Service.IsService(argv[2])) {
        /*
        mysqld was started as
        mysqld --defaults-file=my_path\my.ini service-name
        */
        if (my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, argv[2], "mysql"))
          load_default_groups[load_default_groups_sz - 2] = argv[2];
        argc--;
      }
    }

    my_global_argc = argc;
    my_global_argv = argv;
  } else {
    Service.my_argc = argc;
    Service.my_argv = argv;
  }

  return mysql_service(NULL);
}
#endif  // _WIN32

/**
  Execute the bootstrap thread, if required.

  When mysqld is started with --initialize only,
  the bootstrap thread executes
  - compiled in statements.
  - create the non-DD based INFORMATION_SCHEMA.
  and the server exits.

  When mysqld is started with --init-file only,
  the bootstrap thread executes SQL statements provided
  in the input text file,
  and the server continues and serves requests.

  When mysqld is started with both --initialize and --init-file,
  the bootstrap thread:
  - executes compiled in statements,
  - executes SQL statements in the --init-file.
  - creates the non-DD based INFORMATION_SCHEMA.
  The server then exits.

  Compiled in statements are executed in a privileged mode,
  with SYSTEM_THREAD_SERVER_INITIALIZE.

  @see handle_bootstrap_impl
*/
static void process_bootstrap() {
  MYSQL_FILE *init_file = nullptr;
  const char *init_file_name = nullptr;
  enum_thread_type system_thread;
  bool need_bootstrap = false;

  if (opt_initialize) {
    // Make sure we can process SIGHUP during bootstrap.
    server_components_initialized();
    need_bootstrap = true;
    system_thread = SYSTEM_THREAD_SERVER_INITIALIZE;
  } else {
    system_thread = SYSTEM_THREAD_INIT_FILE;
  }

  if (opt_init_file != nullptr) {
    if (*opt_init_file != '\0') {
      init_file_name = opt_init_file;
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_BEG_INITFILE, init_file_name);

      init_file = mysql_file_fopen(key_file_init, init_file_name, O_RDONLY,
                                   MYF(MY_WME));
      need_bootstrap = true;
    }

    if (init_file == nullptr) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INIT_CANT_OPEN_BOOTSTRAP_FILE, init_file_name);
      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
    }
  }

  if (need_bootstrap) {
    bool error = bootstrap::run_bootstrap_thread(init_file_name, init_file,
                                                 nullptr, system_thread);

    if (init_file != nullptr) {
      mysql_file_fclose(init_file, MYF(MY_WME));
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_END_INITFILE, init_file_name);
    }

    if (error) {
      /* Abort during system initialization, but not init-file execution */
      if (system_thread == SYSTEM_THREAD_SERVER_INITIALIZE) {
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }
    }

    if (opt_initialize) {
      // Create non DD based system views during --initialize.
      error = dd::init(
          dd::enum_dd_init_type::DD_INITIALIZE_NON_DD_BASED_SYSTEM_VIEWS);
      if (error != 0) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SYSTEM_VIEW_INIT_FAILED);
        unireg_abort(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      }

      unireg_abort(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);
    }
  }

  return;
}

/****************************************************************************
  Handle start options
******************************************************************************/

/**
  Process command line options flagged as 'early'.
  Some components needs to be initialized as early as possible,
  because the rest of the server initialization depends on them.
  Options that needs to be parsed early includes:
  - the performance schema, when compiled in,
  - options related to the help,
  - options related to the bootstrap
  The performance schema needs to be initialized as early as possible,
  before to-be-instrumented objects of the server are initialized.
*/
static int handle_early_options() {
  int ho_error;
  vector<my_option> all_early_options;
  all_early_options.reserve(100);

  my_getopt_register_get_addr(nullptr);
  /* Skip unknown options so that they may be processed later */
  my_getopt_skip_unknown = true;

  /* Add the system variables parsed early */
  sys_var_add_options(&all_early_options, sys_var::PARSE_EARLY);

  /* Add the command line options parsed early */
  for (my_option *opt = my_long_early_options; opt->name != nullptr; opt++)
    all_early_options.push_back(*opt);

  add_terminator(&all_early_options);

  my_getopt_error_reporter = option_error_reporter;
  my_charset_error_reporter = charset_error_reporter;

  ho_error = handle_options(&remaining_argc, &remaining_argv,
                            &all_early_options[0], mysqld_get_one_option);
  if (ho_error == 0) {
    /* Add back the program name handle_options removes */
    remaining_argc++;
    remaining_argv--;

    if (opt_initialize_insecure) opt_initialize = true;
  }

  // Swap with an empty vector, i.e. delete elements and free allocated space.
  vector<my_option>().swap(all_early_options);

  return ho_error;
}

/**
  Adjust @c open_files_limit.
  Computation is  based on:
  - @c max_connections,
  - @c table_cache_size,
  - the platform max open file limit.
*/
static void adjust_open_files_limit(ulong *requested_open_files) {
  ulong limit_1;
  ulong limit_2;
  ulong limit_3;
  ulong request_open_files;
  ulong effective_open_files;

  /* MyISAM requires two file handles per table. */
  limit_1 = 10 + max_connections + table_cache_size * 2;

  /*
    We are trying to allocate no less than max_connections*5 file
    handles (i.e. we are trying to set the limit so that they will
    be available).
  */
  limit_2 = max_connections * 5;

  /* Try to allocate no less than 5000 by default. */
  limit_3 = open_files_limit ? open_files_limit : 5000;

  request_open_files = max<ulong>(max<ulong>(limit_1, limit_2), limit_3);

  /* Notice: my_set_max_open_files() may return more than requested. */
  effective_open_files = my_set_max_open_files(request_open_files);

  if (effective_open_files < request_open_files) {
    if (open_files_limit == 0) {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CHANGED_MAX_OPEN_FILES, effective_open_files,
             request_open_files);
    } else {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_INCREASE_MAX_OPEN_FILES,
             effective_open_files, request_open_files);
    }
  }

  open_files_limit = effective_open_files;
  if (requested_open_files)
    *requested_open_files =
        min<ulong>(effective_open_files, request_open_files);
}

static constexpr const ulong TABLE_OPEN_CACHE_MIN{400};

static void adjust_max_connections(ulong requested_open_files) {
  ulong limit;

  limit = requested_open_files - 10 - TABLE_OPEN_CACHE_MIN * 2;

  if (limit < max_connections) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CHANGED_MAX_CONNECTIONS, limit, max_connections);

    // This can be done unprotected since it is only called on startup.
    max_connections = limit;
  }
}

static void adjust_table_cache_size(ulong requested_open_files) {
  ulong limit;

  limit = max<ulong>((requested_open_files - 10 - max_connections) / 2,
                     TABLE_OPEN_CACHE_MIN);

  if (limit < table_cache_size) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CHANGED_TABLE_OPEN_CACHE, limit, table_cache_size);

    table_cache_size = limit;
  }

  table_cache_size_per_instance = table_cache_size / table_cache_instances;
}

static void adjust_table_def_size() {
  ulong default_value;
  sys_var *var;

  default_value = min<ulong>(400 + table_cache_size / 2, 2000);
  var = find_static_system_variable("table_definition_cache");
  assert(var != nullptr);
  var->update_default(default_value);

  if (!table_definition_cache_specified) table_def_size = default_value;
}

static void adjust_related_options(ulong *requested_open_files) {
  /*
    In bootstrap, disable grant tables (about to be created)
  */
  if (opt_initialize) opt_noacl = true;

  /* The order is critical here, because of dependencies. */
  adjust_open_files_limit(requested_open_files);
  adjust_max_connections(*requested_open_files);
  adjust_table_cache_size(*requested_open_files);
  adjust_table_def_size();
}

vector<my_option> all_options;

struct my_option my_long_early_options[] = {
#if !defined(_WIN32)
    {"daemonize", 'D', "Run mysqld as sysv daemon", &opt_daemonize,
     &opt_daemonize, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#endif
    {"skip-grant-tables", 0,
     "Start without grant tables. This gives all users FULL ACCESS to all "
     "tables.",
     &opt_noacl, &opt_noacl, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"check-table-functions", 0,
     "On upgrade, the server attempts to open tables with SQL functions in "
     "their DEFAULT, INDEX, and PARTITION clauses, virtual columns, and "
     "CONSTRAINTs. "
     "WARN runs the test but proceeds even if potential issues are found; "
     "ABORT (default) stops the server if potential issues are found.",
     &opt_check_table_funs, &opt_check_table_funs,
     &check_table_fun_mode_typelib, GET_ENUM, REQUIRED_ARG,
     CHECK_TABLE_FUN_ABORT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"help", '?', "Display this help and exit.", &opt_help, &opt_help, nullptr,
     GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"verbose", 'v', "Used with --help option for detailed help.", &opt_verbose,
     &opt_verbose, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"version", 'V', "Output version information and exit.", nullptr, nullptr,
     nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"initialize", 'I',
     "Create the default database and exit."
     " Create a super user with a random expired password and store it into "
     "the log.",
     &opt_initialize, &opt_initialize, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"initialize-insecure", 0,
     "Create the default database and exit."
     " Create a super user with empty password.",
     &opt_initialize_insecure, &opt_initialize_insecure, nullptr, GET_BOOL,
     NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-source", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_SOURCE,
     "Keyring plugin from where the keys needs to "
     "be migrated to. This option must be specified along with "
     "--keyring-migration-destination.",
     &opt_keyring_migration_source, &opt_keyring_migration_source, nullptr,
     GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-destination", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_DESTINATION,
     "Keyring plugin or component to which the keys are migrated to.",
     &opt_keyring_migration_destination, &opt_keyring_migration_destination,
     nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-user", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_USER,
     "User to login to server.", &opt_keyring_migration_user,
     &opt_keyring_migration_user, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-host", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_HOST, "Connect to host.",
     &opt_keyring_migration_host, &opt_keyring_migration_host, nullptr, GET_STR,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-password", 'p',
     "Password to use when connecting to server during keyring migration. "
     "If password value is not specified then it will be asked from the tty.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_PASSWORD, OPT_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-socket", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_SOCKET,
     "The socket file to use for connection.", &opt_keyring_migration_socket,
     &opt_keyring_migration_socket, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-port", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_PORT,
     "Port number to use for connection.", &opt_keyring_migration_port,
     &opt_keyring_migration_port, nullptr, GET_ULONG, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"keyring-migration-to-component", OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_TO_COMPONENT,
     "Migrate from keyring plugin to keyring component.",
     &opt_keyring_migration_to_component, &opt_keyring_migration_to_component,
     nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"no-dd-upgrade", 0,
     "Abort restart if automatic upgrade or downgrade of the data dictionary "
     "is needed. Deprecated option. Use --upgrade=NONE instead.",
     &opt_no_dd_upgrade, &opt_no_dd_upgrade, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"validate-config", 0,
     "Validate the server configuration specified by the user.",
     &opt_validate_config, &opt_validate_config, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0,
     0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr}};

/**
  System variables are automatically command-line options (few
  exceptions are documented in sys_var.h), so don't need
  to be listed here.
*/

struct my_option my_long_options[] = {
    {"abort-slave-event-count", OPT_ABORT_SLAVE_EVENT_COUNT,
     "Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication."
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. ",
     &abort_slave_event_count, &abort_slave_event_count, nullptr, GET_INT,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"allow-suspicious-udfs", 0,
     "Allows use of UDFs consisting of only one symbol xxx() "
     "without corresponding xxx_init() or xxx_deinit(). That also means "
     "that one can load any function from any library, for example exit() "
     "from libc.so",
     &opt_allow_suspicious_udfs, &opt_allow_suspicious_udfs, nullptr, GET_BOOL,
     NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"ansi", 'a',
     "Use ANSI SQL syntax instead of MySQL syntax. This mode "
     "will also set transaction isolation level 'serializable'.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    /*
      Because Sys_var_bit does not support command-line options, we need to
      explicitly add one for --autocommit
    */
    {"autocommit", 0, "Set default value for autocommit (0 or 1)",
     &opt_autocommit, &opt_autocommit, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG, 1, 0, 0,
     &source_autocommit, /* arg_source, to be copied to Sys_var */
     0, nullptr},
    {"binlog-do-db", OPT_BINLOG_DO_DB,
     "Include only updates to the specified database when writing the "
     "binary log.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"binlog-ignore-db", OPT_BINLOG_IGNORE_DB,
     "Exclude updates to the specified database when writing the binary "
     "log.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"character-set-client-handshake", OPT_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE,
     "Deprecated. Don't ignore client side character set value sent during "
     "handshake.",
     &opt_character_set_client_handshake, &opt_character_set_client_handshake,
     nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 1, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"character-set-filesystem", 0, "Set the filesystem character set.",
     &character_set_filesystem_name, &character_set_filesystem_name, nullptr,
     GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"character-set-server", 'C', "Set the default character set.",
     &default_character_set_name, &default_character_set_name, nullptr, GET_STR,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"chroot", 'r', "Chroot mysqld daemon during startup.", &mysqld_chroot,
     &mysqld_chroot, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"collation-server", 0, "Set the default collation.",
     &default_collation_name, &default_collation_name, nullptr, GET_STR,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"console", OPT_CONSOLE,
     "Write error output on screen; don't remove the console window on "
     "windows.",
     &opt_console, &opt_console, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"core-file", OPT_WANT_CORE, "Write core on errors.", nullptr, nullptr,
     nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    /* default-storage-engine should have "MyISAM" as def_value. Instead
       of initializing it here it is done in init_common_variables() due
       to a compiler bug in Sun Studio compiler. */
    {"default-storage-engine", 0, "The default storage engine for new tables",
     &default_storage_engine, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"default-tmp-storage-engine", 0,
     "The default storage engine for new explicit temporary tables",
     &default_tmp_storage_engine, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"default-time-zone", 0, "Set the default time zone.", &default_tz_name,
     &default_tz_name, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"disconnect-slave-event-count", OPT_DISCONNECT_SLAVE_EVENT_COUNT,
     "Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication."
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.",
     &disconnect_slave_event_count, &disconnect_slave_event_count, nullptr,
     GET_INT, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"exit-info", 'T', "Used for debugging. Use at your own risk.", nullptr,
     nullptr, nullptr, GET_LONG, OPT_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},

    {"external-locking", 0,
     "Use system (external) locking (disabled by "
     "default).  With this option enabled you can run myisamchk to test "
     "(not repair) tables while the MySQL server is running. Disable with "
     "--skip-external-locking.",
     &opt_external_locking, &opt_external_locking, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0,
     0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    /* We must always support the next option to make scripts like mysqltest
       easier to do */
    {"gdb", 0, "Set up signals usable for debugging.", &opt_debugging,
     &opt_debugging, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#if defined(HAVE_LINUX_LARGE_PAGES) || defined(HAVE_SOLARIS_LARGE_PAGES)
    {"super-large-pages", 0, "Enable support for super large pages.",
     &opt_super_large_pages, &opt_super_large_pages, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG,
     0, 0, 1, nullptr, 1, nullptr},
#endif
    {"language", 'L',
     "Client error messages in given language. May be given as a full path. "
     "Deprecated. Use --lc-messages-dir instead.",
     &lc_messages_dir_ptr, &lc_messages_dir_ptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG,
     0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"lc-messages", 0, "Set the language used for the error messages.",
     &lc_messages, &lc_messages, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0,
     nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"lc-time-names", 0,
     "Set the language used for the month names and the days of the week.",
     &lc_time_names_name, &lc_time_names_name, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG,
     0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-bin", OPT_BIN_LOG,
     "Configures the name prefix to use for binary log files. If the --log-bin "
     "option is not supplied, the name prefix defaults to \"binlog\". If the "
     "--log-bin option is supplied without argument, the name prefix defaults "
     "to \"HOSTNAME-bin\", where HOSTNAME is the machine's hostname. To set a "
     "different name prefix for binary log files, use --log-bin=name. To "
     "disable "
     "binary logging, use the --skip-log-bin or --disable-log-bin option.",
     &opt_bin_logname, &opt_bin_logname, nullptr, GET_STR_ALLOC, OPT_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-bin-index", 0, "File that holds the names for binary log files.",
     &opt_binlog_index_name, &opt_binlog_index_name, nullptr, GET_STR,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"relay-log-index", 0, "File that holds the names for relay log files.",
     &opt_relaylog_index_name, &opt_relaylog_index_name, nullptr, GET_STR,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-isam", OPT_ISAM_LOG, "Log all MyISAM changes to file.",
     &myisam_log_filename, &myisam_log_filename, nullptr, GET_STR, OPT_ARG, 0,
     0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-short-format", 0,
     "Don't log extra information to update and slow-query logs.",
     &opt_short_log_format, &opt_short_log_format, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0,
     0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-tc", 0,
     "Path to transaction coordinator log (used for transactions that affect "
     "more than one storage engine, when binary log is disabled).",
     &opt_tc_log_file, &opt_tc_log_file, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"log-tc-size", 0, "Size of transaction coordinator log.", &opt_tc_log_size,
     &opt_tc_log_size, nullptr, GET_ULONG, REQUIRED_ARG,
     TC_LOG_MIN_PAGES *my_getpagesize(), TC_LOG_MIN_PAGES *my_getpagesize(),
     ULONG_MAX, nullptr, my_getpagesize(), nullptr},
    {"master-info-file", OPT_MASTER_INFO_FILE,
     "The path and filename where the replication receiver thread stores "
     "connection configuration and positions, in case "
     "--master-info-repository=FILE. "
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.",
     &master_info_file, &master_info_file, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"master-retry-count", OPT_MASTER_RETRY_COUNT,
     "The number of times this replica will attempt to connect to a source "
     "before giving up. "
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. "
     "Use 'CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO SOURCE_RETRY_COUNT = <num>' instead.",
     &master_retry_count, &master_retry_count, nullptr, GET_ULONG, REQUIRED_ARG,
     3600 * 24, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"max-binlog-dump-events", 0,
     "Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication.",
     &max_binlog_dump_events, &max_binlog_dump_events, nullptr, GET_INT,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"memlock", 0, "Lock mysqld in memory.", &locked_in_memory,
     &locked_in_memory, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"old-style-user-limits", OPT_OLD_STYLE_USER_LIMITS,
     "Enable old-style user limits (before 5.0.3, user resources were counted "
     "for each user + host vs. per account). "
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version.",
     &opt_old_style_user_limits, &opt_old_style_user_limits, nullptr, GET_BOOL,
     NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"port-open-timeout", 0,
     "Maximum time in seconds to wait for the port to become free. "
     "(Default: No wait).",
     &mysqld_port_timeout, &mysqld_port_timeout, nullptr, GET_UINT,
     REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"replicate-do-db", OPT_REPLICATE_DO_DB,
     "Make replication applier threads apply only changes to the specified "
     "database. "
     "To specify more than one database, use the directive multiple times, "
     "once for each database. Note that this will only work if you do not use "
     "cross-database queries such as UPDATE some_db.some_table SET foo='bar' "
     "while having selected a different or no database. If you need cross "
     "database updates to work, make sure you have 3.23.28 or later, and use "
     "replicate-wild-do-table=db_name.%.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-do-table", OPT_REPLICATE_DO_TABLE,
     "Make replication applier threads apply only changes to the specified "
     "table. "
     "To specify more than one table, use the directive multiple times, once "
     "for each table. This will work for cross-database updates, in contrast "
     "to replicate-do-db.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-ignore-db", OPT_REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB,
     "Make replication applier threads skip changes to the specified "
     "database. "
     "To specify more than one database to ignore, use this option multiple "
     "times, once for each database. If there are statements that update "
     "multiple databases, this will work correctly only when the source "
     "server uses binlog_format=ROW.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-ignore-table", OPT_REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE,
     "Make replication applier threads skip changes to the specified table."
     "To ignore more than one table, use the option multiple times, once for "
     "each table. If there are statements that update multiple tables, this "
     "will work correctly only when the source server uses binlog_format=ROW.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-rewrite-db", OPT_REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB,
     "Make replication applier threads rename a database, so changes in one "
     "database on the source will be applied in another database on this "
     "replica. Example: "
     "replicate-rewrite-db=source_db_name->replica_db_name.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-same-server-id", 0,
     "In replication, if set to 1, do not skip events having our server id. "
     "Default value is 0 (to break infinite loops in circular replication). "
     "Can't be set to 1 if --log-replica-updates is used.",
     &replicate_same_server_id, &replicate_same_server_id, nullptr, GET_BOOL,
     NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"replicate-wild-do-table", OPT_REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE,
     "Make replication applier threads apply changes only in tables that "
     "match the specified wildcard pattern. To specify more than one pattern, "
     "use the option multiple times, once for each pattern. If there are "
     "statements that update both tables that are included and excluded by "
     "the pattern, this will only work correctly when the source server uses "
     "binlog_format=ROW. "
     "Example: replicate-wild-do-table=foo%.bar% will "
     "replicate only updates to tables in all databases that start with foo "
     "and whose table names start with bar.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"replicate-wild-ignore-table", OPT_REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE,
     "Make replication applier threads skip changes to tables that match "
     "the specified wildcard pattern. To specify more than one pattern, use "
     "the option multiple times, once for each pattern. If there are "
     "statements that update both tables that are included and tables that "
     "are excluded by the pattern, this will only work correctly when the "
     "source server uses binlog_format=ROW. "
     "Example: when using replicate-wild-ignore-table=foo%.bar%, "
     "the applier thread will not apply updates to tables in databases that "
     "start with foo and whose table names start with bar.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"safe-user-create", 0,
     "Don't allow new user creation by the user who has no write privileges to "
     "the mysql.user table.",
     &opt_safe_user_create, &opt_safe_user_create, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0,
     0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"show-replica-auth-info", 0,
     "Include user and password in SHOW REPLICAS statements.",
     &opt_show_replica_auth_info, &opt_show_replica_auth_info, nullptr,
     GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"show-slave-auth-info", OPT_SHOW_SLAVE_AUTH_INFO_DEPRECATED,
     "This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. "
     "Use show-replica-auth-info instead.",
     &opt_show_replica_auth_info, &opt_show_replica_auth_info, nullptr,
     GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"skip-host-cache", OPT_SKIP_HOST_CACHE_DEPRECATED,
     "Don't cache host names.", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG,
     0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"skip-new", OPT_SKIP_NEW, "Don't use new, possibly wrong routines.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"skip-stack-trace", OPT_SKIP_STACK_TRACE,
     "Don't print a stack trace on failure.", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
     GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#if defined(_WIN32)
    {"slow-start-timeout", 0,
     "Maximum number of milliseconds that the service control manager should "
     "wait "
     "before trying to kill the windows service during startup"
     "(Default: 15000).",
     &slow_start_timeout, &slow_start_timeout, 0, GET_ULONG, REQUIRED_ARG,
     15000, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
#endif
    {"sporadic-binlog-dump-fail", 0,
     "Option used by mysql-test for debugging and testing of replication.",
     &opt_sporadic_binlog_dump_fail, &opt_sporadic_binlog_dump_fail, nullptr,
     GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"ssl", OPT_USE_SSL,
     "Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags).",
     &opt_use_ssl, &opt_use_ssl, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG, 1, 0, 0, nullptr,
     0, nullptr},
    {"admin-ssl", OPT_USE_ADMIN_SSL,
     "Enable SSL for admin interface (automatically enabled with other flags).",
     &opt_use_admin_ssl, &opt_use_admin_ssl, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG, 1, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#ifdef _WIN32
    {"standalone", 0, "Dummy option to start as a standalone program (NT).", 0,
     0, 0, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
    {"no-monitor", 0, "Disable monitor process.", &opt_no_monitor,
     &opt_no_monitor, 0, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
#endif
    {"symbolic-links", 's',
     "Enable symbolic link support (deprecated and will be  removed in a future"
     " release).",
     &my_enable_symlinks, &my_enable_symlinks, nullptr, GET_BOOL, NO_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"sysdate-is-now", 0,
     "Non-default option to alias SYSDATE() to NOW() to make it "
     "safe-replicable. "
     "Since 5.0, SYSDATE() returns a `dynamic' value different for different "
     "invocations, even within the same statement.",
     &global_system_variables.sysdate_is_now, nullptr, nullptr, GET_BOOL,
     NO_ARG, 0, 0, 1, nullptr, 1, nullptr},
    {"tc-heuristic-recover", 0,
     "Decision to use in heuristic recover process. Possible values are OFF, "
     "COMMIT or ROLLBACK.",
     &tc_heuristic_recover, &tc_heuristic_recover,
     &tc_heuristic_recover_typelib, GET_ENUM, REQUIRED_ARG,
     TC_HEURISTIC_NOT_USED, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
    {"debug-sync-timeout", OPT_DEBUG_SYNC_TIMEOUT,
     "Enable the debug sync facility "
     "and optionally specify a default wait timeout in seconds. "
     "A zero value keeps the facility disabled.",
     &opt_debug_sync_timeout, nullptr, nullptr, GET_UINT, OPT_ARG, 0, 0,
     UINT_MAX, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
#endif /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */
    {"transaction-isolation", 0, "Default transaction isolation level.",
     &global_system_variables.transaction_isolation,
     &global_system_variables.transaction_isolation, &tx_isolation_typelib,
     GET_ENUM, REQUIRED_ARG, ISO_REPEATABLE_READ, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"transaction-read-only", 0,
     "Default transaction access mode. "
     "True if transactions are read-only.",
     &global_system_variables.transaction_read_only,
     &global_system_variables.transaction_read_only, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG,
     0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"user", 'u', "Run mysqld daemon as user.", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
     GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},
    {"early-plugin-load", OPT_EARLY_PLUGIN_LOAD,
     "Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load before storage "
     "engine "
     "initialization, where each plugin is identified as name=library, where "
     "name is the plugin name and library is the plugin library in plugin_dir.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"plugin-load", OPT_PLUGIN_LOAD,
     "Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load, where each plugin "
     "is "
     "identified as name=library, where name is the plugin name and library "
     "is the plugin library in plugin_dir.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},
    {"plugin-load-add", OPT_PLUGIN_LOAD_ADD,
     "Optional semicolon-separated list of plugins to load, where each plugin "
     "is "
     "identified as name=library, where name is the plugin name and library "
     "is the plugin library in plugin_dir. This option adds to the list "
     "specified by --plugin-load in an incremental way. "
     "Multiple --plugin-load-add are supported.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_STR, REQUIRED_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},

    {"innodb", OPT_SKIP_INNODB,
     "Deprecated option. Provided for backward compatibility only. "
     "The option has no effect on the server behaviour. InnoDB is always "
     "enabled. "
     "The option will be removed in a future release.",
     nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_BOOL, OPT_ARG, 0, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
     nullptr},

    {"upgrade", 0,
     "Set server upgrade mode. NONE to abort server if automatic upgrade of "
     "the server is needed; MINIMAL to start the server, but skip upgrade "
     "steps that are not absolutely necessary; AUTO (default) to upgrade the "
     "server if required; FORCE to force upgrade server.",
     &opt_upgrade_mode, &opt_upgrade_mode, &upgrade_mode_typelib, GET_ENUM,
     REQUIRED_ARG, UPGRADE_AUTO, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr},

    {nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG, 0, 0,
     0, nullptr, 0, nullptr}};

static int show_queries(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = (char *)&thd->query_id;
  return 0;
}

static int show_net_compression(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_MY_BOOL;
  var->value = buff;
  *((bool *)buff) = thd->get_protocol()->get_compression();
  return 0;
}

static int show_net_compression_algorithm(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  const char *s = thd->get_protocol()->get_compression_algorithm();
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buff;
  sprintf(buff, "%s", (s ? s : ""));
  return 0;
}

static int show_net_compression_level(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_INT;
  var->value = buff;
  unsigned int *value = reinterpret_cast<unsigned int *>(buff);
  *value = thd->get_protocol()->get_compression_level();
  return 0;
}

static int show_starttime(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = buff;
  *((longlong *)buff) =
      (longlong)(thd->query_start_in_secs() - server_start_time);
  return 0;
}

static int show_max_used_connections_time(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  MYSQL_TIME max_used_connections_time;
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buff;
  thd->variables.time_zone->gmt_sec_to_TIME(
      &max_used_connections_time,
      Connection_handler_manager::max_used_connections_time);
  my_datetime_to_str(max_used_connections_time, buff, 0);
  return 0;
}

static int show_num_thread_running(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long long *value = reinterpret_cast<long long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long long>(
      Global_THD_manager::get_instance()->get_num_thread_running());
  return 0;
}

static int show_num_thread_created(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(
      Global_THD_manager::get_instance()->get_num_thread_created());
  return 0;
}

static int show_thread_id_count(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(
      Global_THD_manager::get_instance()->get_thread_id() - 1);
  return 0;
}

static int show_aborted_connects(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(
      Connection_handler_manager::get_instance()->aborted_connects());
  return 0;
}

static int show_acl_cache_items_count(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(get_global_acl_cache_size());
  return 0;
}

static int show_connection_errors_max_connection(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                                 char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(Connection_handler_manager::get_instance()
                                 ->connection_errors_max_connection());
  return 0;
}

static int show_connection_errors_query_block(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                              char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(get_connection_errors_query_block());
  return 0;
}

static int show_connection_errors_accept(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(get_connection_errors_accept());
  return 0;
}

static int show_connection_errors_tcpwrap(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  long *value = reinterpret_cast<long *>(buff);
  *value = static_cast<long>(get_connection_errors_tcpwrap());
  return 0;
}

#ifdef ENABLED_PROFILING
static int show_flushstatustime(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = buff;
  *((longlong *)buff) =
      (longlong)(thd->query_start_in_secs() - flush_status_time);
  return 0;
}
#endif

#ifndef NDEBUG
static int show_replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                                        char *buff) {
  uint res = replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used;
  const char *s =
      ((res == Rows_log_event::ROW_LOOKUP_TABLE_SCAN)
           ? "TABLE_SCAN"
           : ((res == Rows_log_event::ROW_LOOKUP_HASH_SCAN) ? "HASH_SCAN"
                                                            : "INDEX_SCAN"));

  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buff;
  sprintf(buff, "%s", s);

  return 0;
}

static int show_ongoing_automatic_gtid_violating_transaction_count(
    THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buf;
  sprintf(buf, "%d",
          gtid_state->get_automatic_gtid_violating_transaction_count());
  return 0;
}

static int show_ongoing_anonymous_gtid_violating_transaction_count(
    THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buf;
  sprintf(buf, "%d",
          gtid_state->get_anonymous_gtid_violating_transaction_count());
  return 0;
}

#endif

static int show_ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                                    char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buf;
  sprintf(buf, "%d", gtid_state->get_anonymous_ownership_count());
  return 0;
}

static int show_open_tables(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  *((long *)buff) = (long)table_cache_manager.cached_tables();
  return 0;
}

static int show_prepared_stmt_count(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_prepared_stmt_count);
  *((long *)buff) = (long)prepared_stmt_count;
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_prepared_stmt_count);
  return 0;
}

static int show_global_mem_counter(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = buff;
  MUTEX_LOCK(lock, &LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit);
  *((longlong *)buff) = (longlong)global_conn_mem_counter;
  return 0;
}

static int show_table_definitions(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  *((long *)buff) = (long)cached_table_definitions();
  return 0;
}

/*
   Functions relying on SSL
   Note: In the show_ssl_* functions, we need to check if we have a
         valid vio-object since this isn't always true, specifically
         when session_status or global_status is requested from
         inside an Event.
 */
static int show_ssl_get_version(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  if (ssl)
    var->value = const_cast<char *>(SSL_get_version(ssl));
  else
    var->value = const_cast<char *>("");
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_session_reused(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  if (ssl)
    *((long *)buff) = (long)SSL_session_reused(ssl);
  else
    *((long *)buff) = 0;
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_get_default_timeout(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  if (ssl)
    *((long *)buff) = (long)SSL_get_default_timeout(ssl);
  else
    *((long *)buff) = 0;
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_get_verify_mode(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  if (ssl)
    *((long *)buff) = (long)SSL_get_verify_mode(ssl);
  else
    *((long *)buff) = 0;
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_get_verify_depth(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buff;
  if (ssl)
    *((long *)buff) = (long)SSL_get_verify_depth(ssl);
  else
    *((long *)buff) = 0;
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_get_cipher(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  if (ssl)
    var->value = const_cast<char *>(SSL_get_cipher(ssl));
  else
    var->value = const_cast<char *>("");
  return 0;
}

static int show_ssl_get_cipher_list(THD *thd, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
  SSL_handle ssl = thd->get_ssl();
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buff;
  if (ssl) {
    int i;
    const char *p;
    char *end = buff + SHOW_VAR_FUNC_BUFF_SIZE;
    for (i = 0; (p = SSL_get_cipher_list(ssl, i)) && buff < end; i++) {
      buff = my_stpnmov(buff, p, end - buff - 1);
      *buff++ = ':';
    }
    if (i) buff--;
  }
  *buff = 0;
  return 0;
}

static int show_replica_open_temp_tables(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_INT;
  var->value = buf;
  *((int *)buf) = atomic_replica_open_temp_tables;
  return 0;
}

static int show_tls_library_version(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buff) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER <= 0x10100000L
  strncpy(buff, SSLeay_version(SSLEAY_VERSION), SHOW_VAR_FUNC_BUFF_SIZE);
#else
  strncpy(buff, OpenSSL_version(OPENSSL_VERSION), SHOW_VAR_FUNC_BUFF_SIZE);
#endif
  buff[SHOW_VAR_FUNC_BUFF_SIZE - 1] = 0;
  var->type = SHOW_CHAR;
  var->value = buff;
  return 0;
}

static int show_resource_group_support(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var, char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_BOOL;
  var->value = buf;
  *(pointer_cast<bool *>(buf)) =
      resourcegroups::Resource_group_mgr::instance()->resource_group_support();
  return 0;
}

static int show_telemetry_traces_support(THD * /*unused*/, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                         char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_BOOL;
  var->value = buf;
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_SERVER_TELEMETRY_TRACES_INTERFACE
  *(pointer_cast<bool *>(buf)) = true;
#else
  *(pointer_cast<bool *>(buf)) = false;
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_SERVER_TELEMETRY_TRACES_INTERFACE */
  return 0;
}

static int show_deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_count(THD *, SHOW_VAR *var,
                                                     char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONG;
  var->value = buf;
  *((long *)buf) = (long)(deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_count.load());
  return 0;
}

static int show_deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_last_timestamp(THD *,
                                                              SHOW_VAR *var,
                                                              char *buf) {
  var->type = SHOW_LONGLONG;
  var->value = buf;
  *((long long *)buf) =
      (long long)(deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_last_timestamp.load());
  return 0;
}

SHOW_VAR status_vars[] = {
    {"Aborted_clients", (char *)&aborted_threads, SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Aborted_connects", (char *)&show_aborted_connects, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Acl_cache_items_count", (char *)&show_acl_cache_items_count, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#ifndef NDEBUG
    {"Ongoing_anonymous_gtid_violating_transaction_count",
     (char *)&show_ongoing_anonymous_gtid_violating_transaction_count,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#endif  //! NDEBUG
    {"Ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count",
     (char *)&show_ongoing_anonymous_transaction_count, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#ifndef NDEBUG
    {"Ongoing_automatic_gtid_violating_transaction_count",
     (char *)&show_ongoing_automatic_gtid_violating_transaction_count,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#endif  //! NDEBUG
    {"Binlog_cache_disk_use", (char *)&binlog_cache_disk_use, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Binlog_cache_use", (char *)&binlog_cache_use, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use", (char *)&binlog_stmt_cache_disk_use,
     SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Binlog_stmt_cache_use", (char *)&binlog_stmt_cache_use, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Bytes_received", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, bytes_received),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Bytes_sent", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, bytes_sent),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Com", (char *)com_status_vars, SHOW_ARRAY, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Com_stmt_reprepare",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, com_stmt_reprepare), SHOW_LONG_STATUS,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Compression", (char *)&show_net_compression, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_SESSION},
    {"Compression_algorithm", (char *)&show_net_compression_algorithm,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_SESSION},
    {"Compression_level", (char *)&show_net_compression_level, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_SESSION},
    {"Connections", (char *)&show_thread_id_count, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_accept", (char *)&show_connection_errors_accept,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_internal", (char *)&connection_errors_internal,
     SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_max_connections",
     (char *)&show_connection_errors_max_connection, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_peer_address", (char *)&connection_errors_peer_addr,
     SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_select", (char *)&show_connection_errors_query_block,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Connection_errors_tcpwrap", (char *)&show_connection_errors_tcpwrap,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Created_tmp_disk_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, created_tmp_disk_tables),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Created_tmp_files", (char *)&my_tmp_file_created, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Created_tmp_tables",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, created_tmp_tables),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Delayed_errors", (char *)&delayed_insert_errors, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Delayed_insert_threads", (char *)&delayed_insert_threads,
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Delayed_writes", (char *)&delayed_insert_writes, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Error_log_buffered_bytes", (char *)&log_sink_pfs_buffered_bytes,
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Error_log_buffered_events", (char *)&log_sink_pfs_buffered_events,
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Error_log_expired_events", (char *)&log_sink_pfs_expired_events,
     SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Error_log_latest_write", (char *)&log_sink_pfs_latest_timestamp,
     SHOW_LONGLONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Flush_commands", (char *)&refresh_version, SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Global_connection_memory", (char *)&show_global_mem_counter, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Handler_commit", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_commit_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_delete", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_delete_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_discover", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_discover_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_external_lock",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_external_lock_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_mrr_init",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_multi_range_read_init_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_prepare", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_prepare_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_first",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_first_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_key", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_key_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_last",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_last_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_next",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_next_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_prev",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_prev_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_rnd", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_rnd_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_read_rnd_next",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_read_rnd_next_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_rollback", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_rollback_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_savepoint",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_savepoint_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_savepoint_rollback",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_savepoint_rollback_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_update", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_update_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Handler_write", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, ha_write_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Key_blocks_not_flushed",
     (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, global_blocks_changed), SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_blocks_unused", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, blocks_unused),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_blocks_used", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, blocks_used),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_read_requests", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, global_cache_r_requests),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONGLONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_reads", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, global_cache_read),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONGLONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_write_requests", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, global_cache_w_requests),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONGLONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Key_writes", (char *)offsetof(KEY_CACHE, global_cache_write),
     SHOW_KEY_CACHE_LONGLONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Last_query_cost", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, last_query_cost),
     SHOW_DOUBLE_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_SESSION},
    {"Last_query_partial_plans",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, last_query_partial_plans),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_SESSION},
    {"Locked_connects", (char *)&locked_account_connection_count, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Max_execution_time_exceeded",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, max_execution_time_exceeded),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Max_execution_time_set",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, max_execution_time_set),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Max_execution_time_set_failed",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, max_execution_time_set_failed),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Max_used_connections",
     (char *)&Connection_handler_manager::max_used_connections, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Max_used_connections_time", (char *)&show_max_used_connections_time,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Not_flushed_delayed_rows", (char *)&delayed_rows_in_use,
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Open_files", (char *)&my_file_opened, SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Open_streams", (char *)&my_stream_opened, SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Open_table_definitions", (char *)&show_table_definitions, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Open_tables", (char *)&show_open_tables, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Opened_files",
     const_cast<char *>(reinterpret_cast<const char *>(&my_file_total_opened)),
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Opened_tables", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, opened_tables),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Opened_table_definitions",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, opened_shares), SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Prepared_stmt_count", (char *)&show_prepared_stmt_count, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Replica_open_temp_tables", (char *)&show_replica_open_temp_tables,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#ifndef NDEBUG
    {"Replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used",
     (char *)&show_replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#endif
    {"Queries", (char *)&show_queries, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Questions", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, questions),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Secondary_engine_execution_count",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, secondary_engine_execution_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Select_full_join",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, select_full_join_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Select_full_range_join",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, select_full_range_join_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Select_range", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, select_range_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Select_range_check",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, select_range_check_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Select_scan", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, select_scan_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Slave_open_temp_tables", (char *)&show_replica_open_temp_tables,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#ifndef NDEBUG
    {"Slave_rows_last_search_algorithm_used",
     (char *)&show_replica_rows_last_search_algorithm_used, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#endif
    {"Slow_launch_threads",
     (char *)&Per_thread_connection_handler::slow_launch_threads, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Slow_queries", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, long_query_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Sort_merge_passes",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, filesort_merge_passes),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Sort_range", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, filesort_range_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Sort_rows", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, filesort_rows),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Sort_scan", (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, filesort_scan_count),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_accept_renegotiates",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_accept_renegotiate,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_accepts", (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_accept,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_callback_cache_hits",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_cb_hits, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_cipher", (char *)&show_ssl_get_cipher, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_cipher_list", (char *)&show_ssl_get_cipher_list, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_client_connects",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_connect, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_connect_renegotiates",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_connect_renegotiate,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_ctx_verify_depth",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_get_verify_depth, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_ctx_verify_mode",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_get_verify_mode, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_default_timeout", (char *)&show_ssl_get_default_timeout, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_finished_accepts",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_accept_good, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_finished_connects",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_connect_good, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_hits",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_hits, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_misses",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_misses, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_mode",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_get_session_cache_mode,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_overflows",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_cache_full, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_size",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_get_cache_size,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_session_cache_timeouts",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_timeouts, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_sessions_reused", (char *)&show_ssl_session_reused, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_used_session_cache_entries",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_number, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Ssl_verify_depth", (char *)&show_ssl_get_verify_depth, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_verify_mode", (char *)&show_ssl_get_verify_mode, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_version", (char *)&show_ssl_get_version, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_server_not_before",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_server_not_before, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Ssl_server_not_after",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_server_not_after, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Current_tls_ca", (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_ca,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_capath",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_capath, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_cert", (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_cert,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_key", (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_key,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_version",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_tls_version, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_cipher",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_cipher, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_ciphersuites",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_tls_ciphersuites, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_crl", (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_crl,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Current_tls_crlpath",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_get_ssl_crlpath, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Rsa_public_key", (char *)&show_rsa_public_key, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Table_locks_immediate", (char *)&locks_immediate, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Table_locks_waited", (char *)&locks_waited, SHOW_LONG, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Table_open_cache_hits",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, table_open_cache_hits),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Table_open_cache_misses",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, table_open_cache_misses),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Table_open_cache_overflows",
     (char *)offsetof(System_status_var, table_open_cache_overflows),
     SHOW_LONGLONG_STATUS, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL},
    {"Tc_log_max_pages_used", (char *)&tc_log_max_pages_used, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Tc_log_page_size", (char *)&tc_log_page_size, SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Tc_log_page_waits", (char *)&tc_log_page_waits, SHOW_LONG,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Threads_cached",
     (char *)&Per_thread_connection_handler::blocked_pthread_count,
     SHOW_LONG_NOFLUSH, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Threads_connected", (char *)&Connection_handler_manager::connection_count,
     SHOW_INT, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Threads_created", (char *)&show_num_thread_created, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Threads_running", (char *)&show_num_thread_running, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Uptime", (char *)&show_starttime, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#ifdef ENABLED_PROFILING
    {"Uptime_since_flush_status", (char *)&show_flushstatustime, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
#endif
    {"Ssl_session_cache_timeout",
     (char *)&Ssl_mysql_main_status::show_ssl_ctx_sess_timeout, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Tls_library_version", (char *)&show_tls_library_version, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Resource_group_supported", (char *)show_resource_group_support, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Telemetry_traces_supported", (char *)show_telemetry_traces_support,
     SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_count",
     (char *)&show_deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_count, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {"Deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_last_timestamp",
     (char *)&show_deprecated_use_i_s_processlist_last_timestamp, SHOW_FUNC,
     SHOW_SCOPE_GLOBAL},
    {NullS, NullS, SHOW_FUNC, SHOW_SCOPE_ALL}};

void add_terminator(vector<my_option> *options) {
  my_option empty_element = {nullptr, 0,          nullptr, nullptr, nullptr,
                             nullptr, GET_NO_ARG, NO_ARG,  0,       0,
                             0,       nullptr,    0,       nullptr};
  options->push_back(empty_element);
}

static void print_server_version(void) {
  set_server_version();

  print_explicit_version(server_version);
}

/** Compares two options' names, treats - and _ the same */
static bool operator<(const my_option &a, const my_option &b) {
  const char *sa = a.name;
  const char *sb = b.name;
  for (; *sa || *sb; sa++, sb++) {
    if (*sa < *sb) {
      if (*sa == '-' && *sb == '_')
        continue;
      else
        return true;
    }
    if (*sa > *sb) {
      if (*sa == '_' && *sb == '-')
        continue;
      else
        return false;
    }
  }
  assert(a.name == b.name);
  return false;
}

static void print_help() {
  MEM_ROOT mem_root(key_memory_help, 4096);

  all_options.pop_back();
  sys_var_add_options(&all_options, sys_var::PARSE_EARLY);
  for (my_option *opt = my_long_early_options; opt->name != nullptr; opt++) {
    all_options.push_back(*opt);
  }
  add_plugin_options(&all_options, &mem_root);
  std::sort(all_options.begin(), all_options.end(), std::less<my_option>());
  add_terminator(&all_options);

  my_print_help(&all_options[0]);
  my_print_variables(&all_options[0]);

  mem_root.Clear();
  vector<my_option>().swap(all_options);  // Deletes the vector contents.
}

static void usage(void) {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  if (!(default_charset_info = get_charset_by_csname(
            default_character_set_name, MY_CS_PRIMARY, MYF(MY_WME))))
    exit(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
  if (!default_collation_name)
    default_collation_name = default_charset_info->m_coll_name;
  if (is_help_or_validate_option() || opt_verbose) {
    my_progname = my_progname + dirname_length(my_progname);
  }
  print_server_version();
#if defined(HAVE_BUILD_ID_SUPPORT)
  char build_id[42];
  my_find_build_id(build_id);
  printf("BuildID[sha1]=%s\n", build_id);
#endif
  puts(ORACLE_WELCOME_COPYRIGHT_NOTICE("2000"));
  puts("Starts the MySQL database server.\n");
  printf("Usage: %s [OPTIONS]\n", my_progname);
  if (!opt_verbose)
    puts(
        "\nFor more help options (several pages), use mysqld --verbose "
        "--help.");
  else {
#ifdef _WIN32
    puts(
        "NT and Win32 specific options:\n\
  --install                     Install the default service (NT).\n\
  --install-manual              Install the default service started manually (NT).\n\
  --install service_name        Install an optional service (NT).\n\
  --install-manual service_name Install an optional service started manually (NT).\n\
  --remove                      Remove the default service from the service list (NT).\n\
  --remove service_name         Remove the service_name from the service list (NT).\n\
  --enable-named-pipe           Only to be used for the default server (NT).\n\
  --standalone                  Dummy option to start as a standalone server (NT).\
");
    puts("");
#endif
    print_defaults(MYSQL_CONFIG_NAME, load_default_groups);
    puts("");
    set_ports();

    /* Print out all the options including plugin supplied options */
    print_help();

    if (!dynamic_plugins_are_initialized) {
      puts(
          "\n\
Plugins have parameters that are not reflected in this list\n\
because execution stopped before plugins were initialized.");
    }

    puts(
        "\n\
To see what values a running MySQL server is using, type\n\
'mysqladmin variables' instead of 'mysqld --verbose --help'.");
  }
}

/**
  Initialize MySQL global variables to default values.

  @note
    The reason to set a lot of global variables to zero is that
    on some exotic platforms global variables are
    not set to 0 when a program starts.

    We don't need to set variables referred to in my_long_options
    as these are initialized by my_getopt.
*/

static int mysql_init_variables() {
  /* Things reset to zero */
  opt_skip_replica_start = false;
  pidfile_name[0] = 0;
  myisam_test_invalid_symlink = test_if_data_home_dir;
  opt_general_log = opt_slow_log = false;
  opt_disable_networking = opt_skip_show_db = false;
  opt_skip_name_resolve = false;
  opt_general_logname = opt_binlog_index_name = opt_slow_logname = nullptr;
  opt_tc_log_file = "tc.log";  // no hostname in tc_log file name !
  opt_myisam_log = false;
  mqh_used = false;
  server_shutting_down = false;
  server_id_supplied = false;
  test_flags = select_errors = ha_open_options = 0;
  atomic_replica_open_temp_tables = 0;
  opt_endinfo = using_udf_functions = false;
  opt_using_transactions = false;
  set_connection_events_loop_aborted(false);
  set_mysqld_offline_mode(false);
  set_mysqld_partial_revokes(opt_partial_revokes);
  server_operational_state = SERVER_BOOTING;
  aborted_threads = 0;
  delayed_insert_threads = delayed_insert_writes = delayed_rows_in_use = 0;
  delayed_insert_errors = 0;
  specialflag = 0;
  binlog_cache_use = binlog_cache_disk_use = 0;
  mysqld_user = mysqld_chroot = opt_init_file = opt_bin_logname = nullptr;
  prepared_stmt_count = 0;
  mysqld_unix_port = opt_mysql_tmpdir = my_bind_addr_str = NullS;
  new (&mysql_tmpdir_list) MY_TMPDIR;
  memset(&global_status_var, 0, sizeof(global_status_var));
  opt_large_pages = false;
  opt_super_large_pages = false;
#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
  opt_debug_sync_timeout = 0;
#endif /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */
  server_uuid[0] = 0;

  /* Character sets */
  system_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;
  files_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;
  national_charset_info = &my_charset_utf8mb3_general_ci;
  table_alias_charset = &my_charset_bin;
  character_set_filesystem = &my_charset_bin;

  opt_specialflag = 0;
  pidfile_name_ptr = pidfile_name;
  lc_messages_dir_ptr = lc_messages_dir;
  protocol_version = PROTOCOL_VERSION;
  what_to_log = ~(1L << (uint)COM_TIME);
  refresh_version = 1L; /* Increments on each reload */
  my_stpcpy(server_version, MYSQL_SERVER_VERSION);
  key_caches.clear();
  if (!(dflt_key_cache = get_or_create_key_cache(std::string_view{
            default_key_cache_base.str, default_key_cache_base.length}))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_KEYCACHE_OOM);
    return 1;
  }
  /* set key_cache_hash.default_value = dflt_key_cache */
  multi_keycache_init();

  /* Replication parameters */
  master_info_file = "master.info";
  relay_log_info_file = "relay-log.info";
  report_user = report_password = report_host = nullptr; /* TO BE DELETED */
  opt_relay_logname = opt_relaylog_index_name = nullptr;
  opt_relaylog_index_name_supplied = false;
  opt_relay_logname_supplied = false;
  log_bin_basename = nullptr;
  log_bin_index = nullptr;

  /* Handler variables */
  total_ha_2pc = 0;
  /* Variables in libraries */
  charsets_dir = nullptr;
  default_character_set_name = MYSQL_DEFAULT_CHARSET_NAME;
  default_collation_name = compiled_default_collation_name;
  character_set_filesystem_name = "binary";
  lc_messages = mysqld_default_locale_name;
  lc_time_names_name = mysqld_default_locale_name;
  opt_replication_optimize_for_static_plugin_config = false;
  opt_replication_sender_observe_commit_only = false;

  /* Variables that depends on compile options */
#ifndef NDEBUG
  default_dbug_option =
      IF_WIN("d:t:i:O,\\mysqld.trace", "d:t:i:o,/tmp/mysqld.trace");
#endif
#ifdef ENABLED_PROFILING
  have_profiling = SHOW_OPTION_YES;
#else
  have_profiling = SHOW_OPTION_NO;
#endif

  have_symlink = SHOW_OPTION_YES;

  have_dlopen = SHOW_OPTION_YES;

  have_query_cache = SHOW_OPTION_NO;

  have_geometry = SHOW_OPTION_YES;

  have_rtree_keys = SHOW_OPTION_YES;

  /* Always true */
  have_compress = SHOW_OPTION_YES;
#if defined(_WIN32)
  shared_memory_base_name = default_shared_memory_base_name;
#endif

  return 0;
}

/**
  Check if it is a global replication filter setting.

  @param argument The setting of startup option --replicate-*.

  @retval
    0    OK
  @retval
    1    Error
*/
static bool is_rpl_global_filter_setting(char *argument) {
  DBUG_TRACE;

  bool res = false;
  char *p = strchr(argument, ':');
  if (p == nullptr) res = true;

  return res;
}

/**
  Extract channel name and filter value from argument.

  @param [out] channel_name The name of the channel.
  @param [out] filter_val The value of filter.
  @param argument The setting of startup option --replicate-*.
*/
void parse_filter_arg(char **channel_name, char **filter_val, char *argument) {
  DBUG_TRACE;

  char *p = strchr(argument, ':');

  assert(p != nullptr);

  /*
    If argument='channel_1:db1', then channel_name='channel_1'
    and filter_val='db1'; If argument=':db1', then channel_name=''
    and filter_val='db1'.
  */
  *channel_name = argument;
  *filter_val = p + 1;
  *p = 0;
}

/**
  Extract channel name and filter value from argument.

  @param [out] key The db is rewritten from.
  @param [out] val The db is rewritten to.
  @param argument The value of filter.

  @retval
    0    OK
  @retval
    1    Error
*/
static int parse_replicate_rewrite_db(char **key, char **val, char *argument) {
  DBUG_TRACE;
  char *p;
  *key = argument;

  if (!(p = strstr(argument, "->"))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_REWRITEDB_MISSING_ARROW);
    return 1;
  }
  *val = p + 2;

  while (p > argument && my_isspace(mysqld_charset, p[-1])) p--;
  *p = 0;

  if (!**key) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_REWRITEDB_EMPTY_FROM);
    return 1;
  }
  while (**val && my_isspace(mysqld_charset, **val)) (*val)++;
  if (!**val) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_REWRITEDB_EMPTY_TO);
    return 1;
  }

  return 0;
}

bool mysqld_get_one_option(int optid,
                           const struct my_option *opt [[maybe_unused]],
                           char *argument) {
  Rpl_filter *rpl_filter = nullptr;
  char *filter_val;
  char *channel_name;

  auto *sysvar = intern_find_sys_var(opt->name, strlen(opt->name));
  if (sysvar && sysvar->m_persisted_alias &&
      sysvar->m_is_persisted_deprecated) {
    /*
      At this point, my_handle_options (through setval and
      setval_source) has set the source for itself.  It was set using
      direct access to the my_option object, so it is really the
      source object that is a member of this sysvar that has been set.
      In case this is a deprecated alias, that does not help, because
      the high-level getters and setters will get and set the value in
      the base variable, not the alias.  Therefore, we copy the source
      from the alias to the base variable, using a low-level getter in
      the alias and a high-level setter in the alias.
    */
    auto *source = sysvar->get_option()->arg_source;
    sysvar->set_source(source->m_source);
    sysvar->set_source_name(source->m_path_name);
    if (source->m_source != PERSISTED) {
      /*
        Generate the deprecation warning.  But not if we are loading
        it from the persisted variables file (i.e., this is a variable
        having the PERSIST_AS_READONLY flag set): in that case a more
        specific warning was already generated when loading the
        persisted variable.
      */
      const char *ds = sysvar->get_deprecation_substitute();
      if (ds) push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, opt->name, ds);
    }
  }

  switch (optid) {
    case '#':
#ifndef NDEBUG
      DBUG_SET_INITIAL(argument ? argument : default_dbug_option);
#endif
      opt_endinfo = true; /* unireg: memory allocation */
      break;
    case 'a':
      global_system_variables.sql_mode = MODE_ANSI;
      global_system_variables.transaction_isolation = ISO_SERIALIZABLE;
      break;
    case 'b':
      strmake(mysql_home, argument, sizeof(mysql_home) - 1);
      mysql_home_ptr = mysql_home;
      break;
    case 'C':
      if (default_collation_name == compiled_default_collation_name)
        default_collation_name = nullptr;
      break;
    case 'h':
      strmake(mysql_real_data_home, argument, sizeof(mysql_real_data_home) - 1);
      /* Correct pointer set by my_getopt */
      mysql_real_data_home_ptr = mysql_real_data_home;
      break;
    case 'u':
      if (!mysqld_user || !strcmp(mysqld_user, argument))
        mysqld_user = argument;
      else
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_THE_USER_ABIDES, argument, mysqld_user);
      break;
    case 's':
      if (argument && argument[0] == '0') {
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATE_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT,
               "Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links"
               " (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using"
               " this option as it");
      } else {
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATE_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT,
               "Enabling symbolic using --symbolic-links/-s (or equivalent)");
      }
      break;
    case 'L':
      push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--language/-l", "'--lc-messages-dir'");
      [[fallthrough]];
    case OPT_LC_MESSAGES_DIRECTORY:
      strmake(lc_messages_dir, argument, sizeof(lc_messages_dir) - 1);
      lc_messages_dir_ptr = lc_messages_dir;
      break;
    case OPT_SHOW_SLAVE_AUTH_INFO_DEPRECATED:
      push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "show-slave-auth-info",
                           "show-replica-auth-info");
      break;
    case OPT_BINLOG_FORMAT:
      binlog_format_used = true;
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATE_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT, "binlog_format");
      break;
    case OPT_BINLOG_TRANSACTION_DEPENDENCY_TRACKING:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(
          nullptr, "--binlog-transaction-dependency-tracking");
      break;
    case OPT_BINLOG_MAX_FLUSH_QUEUE_TIME:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--binlog_max_flush_queue_time");
      break;
    case OPT_EXPIRE_LOGS_DAYS:
      push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "expire-logs-days",
                           "binlog_expire_logs_seconds");
      expire_logs_days_supplied = true;
      break;
    case OPT_BINLOG_EXPIRE_LOGS_SECONDS:
      binlog_expire_logs_seconds_supplied = true;
      break;
    case OPT_SSL_KEY:
    case OPT_SSL_CERT:
    case OPT_SSL_CA:
    case OPT_SSL_CAPATH:
    case OPT_SSL_CRL:
    case OPT_SSL_CRLPATH:
      /*
        Enable use of SSL if we are using any ssl option.
        One can disable SSL later by using --skip-ssl or --ssl=0.
      */
      opt_use_ssl = true;
      break;
    case OPT_TLS_CIPHERSUITES:
      opt_use_ssl = true;
      validate_ciphers("tls-ciphersuites", argument, TLS_version::TLSv13);
      break;
    case OPT_SSL_CIPHER:
      opt_use_ssl = true;
      validate_ciphers("ssl-cipher", argument, TLS_version::TLSv12);
      break;
    case OPT_TLS_VERSION:
      opt_use_ssl = true;
      if (validate_tls_version(argument)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_TLS_VERSION, argument);
        return true;
      }
      break;
    case OPT_USE_ADMIN_SSL:
      if (opt_use_admin_ssl)
        push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--admin-ssl=on");
      else
        push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--admin-ssl=off",
                             "--admin-tls-version=''");
      break;
    case OPT_USE_SSL:
      if (opt_use_ssl)
        push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--ssl=on");
      else
        push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--ssl=off", "--tls-version=''");
      break;
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_KEY:
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CERT:
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CA:
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CAPATH:
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CRL:
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CRLPATH:
      /*
        Enable use of SSL if we are using any ssl option.
        One can disable SSL later by using --skip-admin-ssl or --admin-ssl=0.
      */
      g_admin_ssl_configured = true;
      opt_use_admin_ssl = true;
      break;
    case OPT_ADMIN_SSL_CIPHER:
      g_admin_ssl_configured = true;
      opt_use_admin_ssl = true;
      validate_ciphers("admin-ssl-cipher", argument, TLS_version::TLSv12);
      break;
    case OPT_ADMIN_TLS_CIPHERSUITES:
      g_admin_ssl_configured = true;
      opt_use_admin_ssl = true;
      validate_ciphers("admin-tls-ciphersuites", argument, TLS_version::TLSv13);
      break;
    case OPT_ADMIN_TLS_VERSION:
      g_admin_ssl_configured = true;
      opt_use_admin_ssl = true;
      if (validate_tls_version(argument)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_TLS_VERSION, argument);
        return true;
      }
      break;
    case 'V':
      print_server_version();
      exit(MYSQLD_SUCCESS_EXIT);
    case 'T':
      test_flags = argument ? (uint)atoi(argument) : 0;
      opt_endinfo = true;
      break;
    case (int)OPT_ISAM_LOG:
      opt_myisam_log = true;
      break;
    case (int)OPT_BIN_LOG:
      opt_bin_log = (argument != disabled_my_option);
      if (!opt_bin_log) {
        // Clear the binlog basename used by any previous --log-bin
        if (opt_bin_logname) {
          my_free(opt_bin_logname);
          opt_bin_logname = nullptr;
        }
      }
      log_bin_supplied = true;
      break;
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        rpl_global_filter.add_ignore_db(argument);
        rpl_global_filter.ignore_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        rpl_filter->add_ignore_db(filter_val);
        rpl_filter->ignore_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_DO_DB: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        rpl_global_filter.add_do_db(argument);
        rpl_global_filter.do_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        rpl_filter->add_do_db(filter_val);
        rpl_filter->do_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB: {
      char *key, *val;
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        if (parse_replicate_rewrite_db(&key, &val, argument)) return true;
        rpl_global_filter.add_db_rewrite(key, val);
        rpl_global_filter.rewrite_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        if (parse_replicate_rewrite_db(&key, &val, filter_val)) return true;
        rpl_filter->add_db_rewrite(key, val);
        rpl_filter->rewrite_db_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }

    case (int)OPT_BINLOG_IGNORE_DB: {
      binlog_filter->add_ignore_db(argument);
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_BINLOG_DO_DB: {
      binlog_filter->add_do_db(argument);
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_DO_TABLE: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        if (rpl_global_filter.add_do_table_array(argument)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_ADD_DO_TABLE, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_global_filter.do_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        if (rpl_filter->add_do_table_array(filter_val)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_ADD_DO_TABLE, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_filter->do_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        if (rpl_global_filter.add_wild_do_table(argument)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_FILTER_ADD_WILD_DO_TABLE_FAILED, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_global_filter.wild_do_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        if (rpl_filter->add_wild_do_table(filter_val)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_FILTER_ADD_WILD_DO_TABLE_FAILED, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_filter->wild_do_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        if (rpl_global_filter.add_wild_ignore_table(argument)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_FILTER_ADD_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE_FAILED,
                 argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_global_filter.wild_ignore_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        if (rpl_filter->add_wild_ignore_table(filter_val)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_FILTER_ADD_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE_FAILED,
                 argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_filter->wild_ignore_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE: {
      if (is_rpl_global_filter_setting(argument)) {
        if (rpl_global_filter.add_ignore_table_array(argument)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_ADD_IGNORE_TABLE, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_global_filter.ignore_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS);
      } else {
        parse_filter_arg(&channel_name, &filter_val, argument);
        rpl_filter = rpl_channel_filters.get_channel_filter(channel_name);
        if (rpl_filter->add_ignore_table_array(filter_val)) {
          LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_RPL_CANT_ADD_IGNORE_TABLE, argument);
          return true;
        }
        rpl_filter->ignore_table_statistics.set_all(
            CONFIGURED_BY_STARTUP_OPTIONS_FOR_CHANNEL);
      }
      break;
    }
    case (int)OPT_MASTER_RETRY_COUNT:
      push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--master-retry-count",
                           "'CHANGE REPLICATION SOURCE TO "
                           "SOURCE_RETRY_COUNT = <num>'");
      break;
    case (int)OPT_SKIP_NEW:
      opt_specialflag |= SPECIAL_NO_NEW_FUNC;
      delay_key_write_options = DELAY_KEY_WRITE_NONE;
      myisam_concurrent_insert = 0;
      myisam_recover_options = HA_RECOVER_OFF;
      sp_automatic_privileges = false;
      my_enable_symlinks = false;
      ha_open_options &= ~(HA_OPEN_ABORT_IF_CRASHED | HA_OPEN_DELAY_KEY_WRITE);
      break;
    case (int)OPT_SKIP_HOST_CACHE_DEPRECATED:
      opt_specialflag |= SPECIAL_NO_HOST_CACHE;
      push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--skip-host-cache",
                           "SET GLOBAL host_cache_size=0");
      break;
    case (int)OPT_SKIP_RESOLVE:
      if (argument && (argument == disabled_my_option ||
                       !my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, argument, "OFF")))
        opt_skip_name_resolve = false;
      else {
        opt_skip_name_resolve = true;
        opt_specialflag |= SPECIAL_NO_RESOLVE;
      }
      break;
    case (int)OPT_WANT_CORE:
      test_flags |= TEST_CORE_ON_SIGNAL;
      break;
    case (int)OPT_SKIP_STACK_TRACE:
      test_flags |= TEST_NO_STACKTRACE;
      break;
    case OPT_SERVER_ID:
      /*
       Consider that one received a Server Id when 2 conditions are present:
       1) The argument is on the list
       2) There is a value present
      */
      server_id_supplied = (*argument != 0);
      break;
    case OPT_LOWER_CASE_TABLE_NAMES:
      lower_case_table_names_used = true;
      break;
#if defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC)
    case OPT_DEBUG_SYNC_TIMEOUT:
      /*
        Debug Sync Facility. See debug_sync.cc.
        Default timeout for WAIT_FOR action.
        Default value is zero (facility disabled).
        If option is given without an argument, supply a non-zero value.
      */
      if (!argument) {
        /* purecov: begin tested */
        opt_debug_sync_timeout = DEBUG_SYNC_DEFAULT_WAIT_TIMEOUT;
        /* purecov: end */
      }
      break;
#endif /* defined(ENABLED_DEBUG_SYNC) */
    case OPT_LOG_ERROR:
      /*
        "No --log-error" == "write errors to stderr",
        "--log-error without argument" == "write errors to a file".
      */
      if (argument == nullptr) /* no argument */
        log_error_dest = "";
      break;

    case OPT_EARLY_PLUGIN_LOAD:
      free_list(opt_early_plugin_load_list_ptr);
      opt_early_plugin_load_list_ptr->push_back(new i_string(argument));
      break;
    case OPT_PLUGIN_LOAD:
      free_list(opt_plugin_load_list_ptr);
      [[fallthrough]];
    case OPT_PLUGIN_LOAD_ADD:
      opt_plugin_load_list_ptr->push_back(new i_string(argument));
      break;
    case OPT_PFS_INSTRUMENT: {
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
      /*
        Parse instrument name and value from argument string. Handle leading
        and trailing spaces. Also handle single quotes.

        Acceptable:
          performance_schema_instrument = ' foo/%/bar/  =  ON  '
          performance_schema_instrument = '%=OFF'
        Not acceptable:
          performance_schema_instrument = '' foo/%/bar = ON ''
          performance_schema_instrument = '%='OFF''
      */
      char *name = argument, *p = nullptr, *val = nullptr;
      bool quote = false; /* true if quote detected */
      bool error = true;  /* false if no errors detected */
      const int PFS_BUFFER_SIZE = 128;
      char orig_argument[PFS_BUFFER_SIZE + 1];
      orig_argument[0] = 0;

      if (!argument) goto pfs_error;

      /* Save original argument string for error reporting */
      strncpy(orig_argument, argument, PFS_BUFFER_SIZE);

      /* Split instrument name and value at the equal sign */
      if (!(p = strchr(argument, '='))) goto pfs_error;

      /* Get option value */
      val = p + 1;
      if (!*val) goto pfs_error;

      /* Trim leading spaces and quote from the instrument name */
      while (*name && (my_isspace(mysqld_charset, *name) || (*name == '\''))) {
        /* One quote allowed */
        if (*name == '\'') {
          if (!quote)
            quote = true;
          else
            goto pfs_error;
        }
        name++;
      }

      /* Trim trailing spaces from instrument name */
      while ((p > name) && my_isspace(mysqld_charset, p[-1])) p--;
      *p = 0;

      /* Remove trailing slash from instrument name */
      if (p > name && (p[-1] == '/')) p[-1] = 0;

      if (!*name) goto pfs_error;

      /* Trim leading spaces from option value */
      while (*val && my_isspace(mysqld_charset, *val)) val++;

      /* Trim trailing spaces and matching quote from value */
      p = val + strlen(val);
      while (p > val && (my_isspace(mysqld_charset, p[-1]) || p[-1] == '\'')) {
        /* One matching quote allowed */
        if (p[-1] == '\'') {
          if (quote)
            quote = false;
          else
            goto pfs_error;
        }
        p--;
      }

      *p = 0;

      if (!*val) goto pfs_error;

      /* Add instrument name and value to array of configuration options */
      if (add_pfs_instr_to_array(name, val)) goto pfs_error;

      error = false;

    pfs_error:
      if (error) {
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_INSTRUMENT, orig_argument);
        return false;
      }
#endif /* WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE */
      break;
    }
    case OPT_THREAD_CACHE_SIZE:
      thread_cache_size_specified = true;
      break;
    case OPT_HOST_CACHE_SIZE:
      host_cache_size_specified = true;
      break;
    case OPT_TABLE_DEFINITION_CACHE:
      table_definition_cache_specified = true;
      break;
    case OPT_SKIP_INNODB:
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_INNODB_MANDATORY);
      break;
    case OPT_AVOID_TEMPORAL_UPGRADE:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "avoid_temporal_upgrade");
      break;
    case OPT_SHOW_OLD_TEMPORALS:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "show_old_temporals");
      break;
    case 'p':
      if (argument) {
        char *start = argument;
        my_free(opt_keyring_migration_password);
        opt_keyring_migration_password =
            my_strdup(PSI_NOT_INSTRUMENTED, argument, MYF(MY_FAE));
        while (*argument) *argument++ = 'x';
        if (*start) start[1] = 0;
      } else
        opt_keyring_migration_password = get_tty_password(NullS);
      migrate_connect_options = true;
      break;
    case OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_USER:
    case OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_HOST:
    case OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_SOCKET:
    case OPT_KEYRING_MIGRATION_PORT:
      migrate_connect_options = true;
      break;
    case OPT_LOG_REPLICA_UPDATES:
      log_replica_updates_supplied = true;
      break;
    case OPT_REPLICA_PRESERVE_COMMIT_ORDER:
      replica_preserve_commit_order_supplied = true;
      break;
    case OPT_ENFORCE_GTID_CONSISTENCY: {
      const char *wrong_value =
          fixup_enforce_gtid_consistency_command_line(argument);
      if (wrong_value != nullptr)
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_VALUE_FOR_ENFORCE_GTID_CONSISTENCY,
               wrong_value);
    } break;
    case OPT_NAMED_PIPE_FULL_ACCESS_GROUP:
#ifdef _WIN32
      if (!is_valid_named_pipe_full_access_group(argument)) {
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_INVALID_NAMED_PIPE_FULL_ACCESS_GROUP);
        return 1;
      }
#endif  // _WIN32
      break;
    case OPT_RELAY_LOG_INFO_FILE:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--relay-log-info-file");
      break;
    case OPT_MASTER_INFO_FILE:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--master-info-file");
      break;
    case OPT_LOG_BIN_USE_V1_ROW_EVENTS:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--log-bin-use-v1-row-events");
      break;
    case OPT_SLAVE_ROWS_SEARCH_ALGORITHMS:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--slave-rows-search-algorithms");
      break;
    case OPT_MASTER_INFO_REPOSITORY:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--master-info-repository");
      break;
    case OPT_RELAY_LOG_INFO_REPOSITORY:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--relay-log-info-repository");
      break;
    case OPT_TRANSACTION_WRITE_SET_EXTRACTION:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--transaction-write-set-extraction");
      break;
    case OPT_DISCONNECT_SLAVE_EVENT_COUNT:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--disconnect-slave-event-count");
      break;
    case OPT_ABORT_SLAVE_EVENT_COUNT:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--abort-slave-event-count");
      break;
    case OPT_REPLICA_PARALLEL_TYPE:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--replica-parallel-type");
      break;
    case OPT_REPLICA_PARALLEL_WORKERS:
      if (opt_mts_replica_parallel_workers == 0) {
        push_deprecated_warn(nullptr, "--replica-parallel-workers=0",
                             "'--replica-parallel-workers=1'");
      }
      break;
    case OPT_OLD_STYLE_USER_LIMITS:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--old-style-user-limits");
      break;
    case OPT_SYNC_RELAY_LOG_INFO:
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATE_MSG_NO_REPLACEMENT,
             "--sync-relay-log-info");
      break;
    case OPT_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr,
                                          "--character-set-client-handshake");
      break;
    case 'n':
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--new");
      break;
    case OPT_OLD_OPTION:
      push_deprecated_warn_no_replacement(nullptr, "--old");
      break;
  }
  return false;
}

/** Handle arguments for multiple key caches. */

static void *mysql_getopt_value(const char *keyname, size_t key_length,
                                const struct my_option *option, int *error) {
  if (error) *error = 0;
  switch (option->id) {
    case OPT_KEY_BUFFER_SIZE:
    case OPT_KEY_CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE:
    case OPT_KEY_CACHE_DIVISION_LIMIT:
    case OPT_KEY_CACHE_AGE_THRESHOLD: {
      KEY_CACHE *key_cache;
      if (!(key_cache =
                get_or_create_key_cache(std::string{keyname, key_length}))) {
        if (error) *error = EXIT_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
        return nullptr;
      }
      switch (option->id) {
        case OPT_KEY_BUFFER_SIZE:
          return &key_cache->param_buff_size;
        case OPT_KEY_CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE:
          return &key_cache->param_block_size;
        case OPT_KEY_CACHE_DIVISION_LIMIT:
          return &key_cache->param_division_limit;
        case OPT_KEY_CACHE_AGE_THRESHOLD:
          return &key_cache->param_age_threshold;
      }
    }
  }
  return option->value;
}

/**
  Get server options from the command line,
  and perform related server initializations.
  @param [in, out] argc_ptr       command line options (count)
  @param [in, out] argv_ptr       command line options (values)
  @return 0 on success

  @todo
  - FIXME add EXIT_TOO_MANY_ARGUMENTS to "mysys_err.h" and return that code?
*/
static int get_options(int *argc_ptr, char ***argv_ptr) {
  int ho_error;

  my_getopt_register_get_addr(mysql_getopt_value);

  /* prepare all_options array */
  all_options.reserve(array_elements(my_long_options));
  for (my_option *opt = my_long_options;
       opt < my_long_options + array_elements(my_long_options) - 1; opt++) {
    all_options.push_back(*opt);
  }
  sys_var_add_options(&all_options, sys_var::PARSE_NORMAL);
  add_terminator(&all_options);

  if (is_help_or_validate_option() || opt_initialize) {
    /*
      Show errors during --help, but mute everything else so the info the
      user actually wants isn't lost in the spam.  (For --help --verbose,
      we need to set up far enough to be able to print variables provided
      by plugins, so a good number of warnings/notes might get printed.)
      Likewise for --initialize.
    */
    struct my_option *opt = &all_options[0];
    for (; opt->name; opt++)
      if (!strcmp("log_error_verbosity", opt->name))
        opt->def_value = opt_initialize ? 2 : 1;
  }

  /* Skip unknown options so that they may be processed later by plugins */
  my_getopt_skip_unknown = true;

  if ((ho_error = handle_options(argc_ptr, argv_ptr, &all_options[0],
                                 mysqld_get_one_option)))
    return ho_error;

  // update verbosity in filter engine, if needed
  log_builtins_filter_update_verbosity(log_error_verbosity);

  // update suppression list in filter engine
  {
    int rr;
    // try to set the list
    if (((rr = log_builtins_filter_parse_suppression_list(
              opt_log_error_suppression_list, false)) != 0) ||
        ((rr = log_builtins_filter_parse_suppression_list(
              opt_log_error_suppression_list, true)) != 0)) {
      rr = -(rr + 1);
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_SET_ERROR_SUPPRESSION_LIST_FROM_COMMAND_LINE,
             "log_error_suppression_list", &opt_log_error_suppression_list[rr]);

      /*
        We were given an illegal value at start-up, so the default will be
        used instead. We have reported the problem (and the dodgy value);
        let's now point our variable back at the default (i.e. the value
        actually used) so SELECT @@GLOBAL.log_error_suppression_list will
        render correct results.
      */
      sys_var *var = find_static_system_variable("log_error_suppression_list");
      if (var != nullptr) {
        opt_log_error_suppression_list = (char *)var->get_default();
        /*
          During unit-testing, the log subsystem is not initialized,
          so while the default should always check out as a valid
          argument, actually setting it will still fail in this
          particular case as we cannot acquire the rule-set or its
          lock.
        */
        if (log_builtins_filter_parse_suppression_list(
                opt_log_error_suppression_list, false) == 0) {
          log_builtins_filter_parse_suppression_list(
              opt_log_error_suppression_list, true);
        } else {
          assert(false); /* purecov: inspected */
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (!is_help_or_validate_option())
    vector<my_option>().swap(all_options);  // Deletes the vector contents.

  /* Add back the program name handle_options removes */
  (*argc_ptr)++;
  (*argv_ptr)--;

  /*
    Options have been parsed. Now some of them need additional special
    handling, like custom value checking, checking of incompatibilites
    between options, setting of multiple variables, etc.
    Do them here.
  */

  if (!opt_help && opt_verbose) LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_VERBOSE_REQUIRES_HELP);

  if ((opt_log_slow_admin_statements || opt_log_queries_not_using_indexes ||
       opt_log_slow_replica_statements) &&
      !opt_slow_log)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_POINTLESS_WITHOUT_SLOWLOG);

  if (global_system_variables.net_buffer_length >
      global_system_variables.max_allowed_packet) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_WASTEFUL_NET_BUFFER_SIZE,
           global_system_variables.net_buffer_length,
           global_system_variables.max_allowed_packet);
  }

  /*
    TIMESTAMP columns get implicit DEFAULT values when
    --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp is not set.
    This behavior is deprecated now.
  */
  if (!is_help_or_validate_option() &&
      !global_system_variables.explicit_defaults_for_timestamp)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_DEPRECATED_TIMESTAMP_IMPLICIT_DEFAULTS);

  opt_init_connect.length = strlen(opt_init_connect.str);
  opt_init_replica.length = strlen(opt_init_replica.str);
  opt_mandatory_roles.length = strlen(opt_mandatory_roles.str);

  if (global_system_variables.low_priority_updates)
    thr_upgraded_concurrent_insert_lock = TL_WRITE_LOW_PRIORITY;

  if (ft_boolean_check_syntax_string(
          pointer_cast<const uchar *>(ft_boolean_syntax))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_FT_BOOL_SYNTAX_INVALID, ft_boolean_syntax);
    return 1;
  }

  if (opt_noacl && !is_help_or_validate_option()) opt_disable_networking = true;

  if (opt_disable_networking) mysqld_port = 0;

  if (opt_skip_show_db) opt_specialflag |= SPECIAL_SKIP_SHOW_DB;

  if (myisam_flush) flush_time = 0;

  if (opt_replica_skip_errors) add_replica_skip_errors(opt_replica_skip_errors);

  if (global_system_variables.max_join_size == HA_POS_ERROR)
    global_system_variables.option_bits |= OPTION_BIG_SELECTS;
  else
    global_system_variables.option_bits &= ~OPTION_BIG_SELECTS;

  // Synchronize @@global.autocommit value on --autocommit
  const ulonglong turn_bit_on =
      opt_autocommit ? OPTION_AUTOCOMMIT : OPTION_NOT_AUTOCOMMIT;
  global_system_variables.option_bits =
      (global_system_variables.option_bits &
       ~(OPTION_NOT_AUTOCOMMIT | OPTION_AUTOCOMMIT)) |
      turn_bit_on;

  // Synchronize @@global.autocommit metadata on --autocommit
  my_option *opt = &my_long_options[3];
  assert(strcmp(opt->name, "autocommit") == 0);
  assert(opt->arg_source != nullptr);
  Sys_autocommit_ptr->set_source_name(opt->arg_source->m_path_name);
  Sys_autocommit_ptr->set_source(opt->arg_source->m_source);

  global_system_variables.sql_mode =
      expand_sql_mode(global_system_variables.sql_mode, nullptr);

  if (!my_enable_symlinks) have_symlink = SHOW_OPTION_DISABLED;

  if (opt_debugging) {
    /* Allow break with SIGINT, no core or stack trace */
    test_flags |= TEST_SIGINT | TEST_NO_STACKTRACE;
    test_flags &= ~TEST_CORE_ON_SIGNAL;
  }
  /* Set global MyISAM variables from delay_key_write_options */
  fix_delay_key_write(nullptr, nullptr, OPT_GLOBAL);

#ifndef _WIN32
  if (mysqld_chroot) set_root(mysqld_chroot);
#endif
  if (fix_paths()) return 1;

  /*
    Set some global variables from the global_system_variables
    In most cases the global variables will not be used
  */
  my_disable_locking = myisam_single_user = (opt_external_locking == 0);
  my_default_record_cache_size = global_system_variables.read_buff_size;

  global_system_variables.long_query_time =
      (ulonglong)(global_system_variables.long_query_time_double * 1e6);

  if (opt_short_log_format) opt_specialflag |= SPECIAL_SHORT_LOG_FORMAT;

  if (Connection_handler_manager::init()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CONNECTION_HANDLING_OOM);
    return 1;
  }
  if (Global_THD_manager::create_instance()) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_THREAD_HANDLING_OOM);
    return 1;
  }

  /* If --super-read-only was specified, set read_only to 1 */
  read_only = super_read_only ? super_read_only : read_only;
  opt_readonly = read_only;

  return 0;
}

/*
  Create version name for running mysqld version
  We automatically add suffixes -debug, -valgrind, -asan, -ubsan
  to the version name to make the version more descriptive.
  (MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX is set by the compilation environment)
*/

/*
  The following code is quite ugly as there is no portable way to easily set a
  string to the value of a macro
*/
#ifdef MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX
#define MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX_STR STRINGIFY_ARG(MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX)
#else
#define MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX_STR MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX_DEF
#endif

static void set_server_version(void) {
  char *end [[maybe_unused]] = strxmov(server_version, MYSQL_SERVER_VERSION,
                                       MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX_STR, NullS);
#ifndef NDEBUG
  if (!strstr(MYSQL_SERVER_SUFFIX_STR, "-debug"))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-debug");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_VALGRIND
  if (SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH - (end - server_version) >
      static_cast<int>(sizeof("-valgrind")))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-valgrind");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ASAN
  if (SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH - (end - server_version) >
      static_cast<int>(sizeof("-asan")))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-asan");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LSAN
  if (SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH - (end - server_version) >
      static_cast<int>(sizeof("-lsan")))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-lsan");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UBSAN
  if (SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH - (end - server_version) >
      static_cast<int>(sizeof("-ubsan")))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-ubsan");
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_TSAN
  if (SERVER_VERSION_LENGTH - (end - server_version) >
      static_cast<int>(sizeof("-tsan")))
    end = my_stpcpy(end, "-tsan");
#endif
}

static const char *get_relative_path(const char *path) {
  if (test_if_hard_path(path) && is_prefix(path, DEFAULT_MYSQL_HOME) &&
      strcmp(DEFAULT_MYSQL_HOME, FN_ROOTDIR)) {
    path += strlen(DEFAULT_MYSQL_HOME);
    while (is_directory_separator(*path)) path++;
  }
  return path;
}

/**
  Test a file path to determine if the path is compatible with the secure file
  path restriction.

  @param path null terminated character string

  @retval true The path is secure
  @retval false The path isn't secure
*/

bool is_secure_file_path(const char *path) {
  char buff1[FN_REFLEN], buff2[FN_REFLEN];
  size_t opt_secure_file_priv_len;
  /*
    All paths are secure if opt_secure_file_priv is 0
  */
  if (!opt_secure_file_priv[0]) return true;

  opt_secure_file_priv_len = strlen(opt_secure_file_priv);

  if (strlen(path) >= FN_REFLEN) return false;

  if (!my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, opt_secure_file_priv, "NULL"))
    return false;

  if (my_realpath(buff1, path, 0)) {
    /*
      The supplied file path might have been a file and not a directory.
    */
    int length = (int)dirname_length(path);
    if (length >= FN_REFLEN) return false;
    memcpy(buff2, path, length);
    buff2[length] = '\0';
    if (length == 0 || my_realpath(buff1, buff2, 0)) return false;
  }
  convert_dirname(buff2, buff1, NullS);
  if (!lower_case_file_system) {
    if (strncmp(opt_secure_file_priv, buff2, opt_secure_file_priv_len))
      return false;
  } else {
    assert(opt_secure_file_priv_len < FN_REFLEN);
    buff2[opt_secure_file_priv_len] = '\0';
    if (files_charset_info->coll->strcasecmp(files_charset_info, buff2,
                                             opt_secure_file_priv))
      return false;
  }
  return true;
}

/**
  check_secure_file_priv_path : Checks path specified through
  --secure-file-priv and raises warning in following cases:
  1. If path is empty string or NULL and mysqld is not running
     with --initialize (bootstrap mode).
  2. If path can access data directory
  3. If path points to a directory which is accessible by
     all OS users (non-Windows build only)

  It throws error in following cases:

  1. If path normalization fails
  2. If it can not get stats of the directory

  Assumptions :
  1. Data directory path has been normalized
  2. opt_secure_file_priv has been normalized unless it is set
     to "NULL".

  @returns Status of validation
    @retval true : Validation is successful with/without warnings
    @retval false : Validation failed. Error is raised.
*/

static bool check_secure_file_priv_path() {
  char datadir_buffer[FN_REFLEN + 1] = {0};
  char plugindir_buffer[FN_REFLEN + 1] = {0};
  char whichdir[20] = {0};
  size_t opt_plugindir_len = 0;
  size_t opt_datadir_len = 0;
  size_t opt_secure_file_priv_len = 0;
  bool warn = false;
  bool case_insensitive_fs;
#ifndef _WIN32
  MY_STAT dir_stat;
#endif

  if (!opt_secure_file_priv[0]) {
    if (opt_initialize) {
      /*
        Do not impose --secure-file-priv restriction
        in bootstrap mode
      */
      LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_IGNORED);
    } else {
      LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_EMPTY);
    }
    return true;
  }

  /*
    Setting --secure-file-priv to NULL would disable
    reading/writing from/to file
  */
  if (!my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, opt_secure_file_priv, "NULL")) {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_NULL);
    return true;
  }

  /*
    Check if --secure-file-priv can access data directory
  */
  opt_secure_file_priv_len = strlen(opt_secure_file_priv);

  /*
    Adds dir separator at the end.
    This is required in subsequent comparison
  */
  convert_dirname(datadir_buffer, mysql_unpacked_real_data_home, NullS);
  opt_datadir_len = strlen(datadir_buffer);

  case_insensitive_fs = (test_if_case_insensitive(datadir_buffer) == 1);

  auto check_path_overlap = [&](char *buffer, size_t len, const char *message) {
    if (!case_insensitive_fs) {
      if (!strncmp(buffer, opt_secure_file_priv,
                   len < opt_secure_file_priv_len ? len
                                                  : opt_secure_file_priv_len)) {
        warn = true;
        strcpy(whichdir, message);
      }
    } else {
      char *longer_str = opt_datadir_len > opt_secure_file_priv_len
                             ? buffer
                             : const_cast<char *>(opt_secure_file_priv);
      const size_t smaller_len = std::min(len, opt_secure_file_priv_len);
      const char restore = longer_str[smaller_len];
      longer_str[smaller_len] = '\0';
      if (!files_charset_info->coll->strcasecmp(files_charset_info, buffer,
                                                opt_secure_file_priv)) {
        warn = true;
        strcpy(whichdir, message);
      }
      longer_str[smaller_len] = restore;
    }
  };

  check_path_overlap(datadir_buffer, opt_datadir_len, "Data directory");

  /*
    Don't bother comparing --secure-file-priv with --plugin-dir
    if we already have a match against --datdir or
    --plugin-dir is not pointing to a valid directory.
  */
  if (!warn && !my_realpath(plugindir_buffer, opt_plugin_dir, 0)) {
    convert_dirname(plugindir_buffer, plugindir_buffer, NullS);
    opt_plugindir_len = strlen(plugindir_buffer);

    check_path_overlap(plugindir_buffer, opt_plugindir_len, "Plugin directory");
  }

  if (warn)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_DIRECTORY_INSECURE, whichdir);

#ifndef _WIN32
  /*
     Check for --secure-file-priv directory's permission
  */
  if (!(my_stat(opt_secure_file_priv, &dir_stat, MYF(0)))) {
    LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_CANT_STAT);
    return false;
  }

  if (dir_stat.st_mode & S_IRWXO)
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS);
#endif
  return true;
}
#ifdef WIN32
// check_tmpdir_path_lengths returns true if all paths are valid,
// false if any path is too long.
static bool check_tmpdir_path_lengths(const MY_TMPDIR &tmpdir_list) {
  const size_t max_tmpdir_len = MAX_PATH - MY_MAX_TEMP_FILENAME_LEN;
  bool result = true;
  for (uint i = 0; i <= tmpdir_list.max; i++) {
    std::string tmpdir_entry(tmpdir_list.list[i]);
    const int path_separator_reqd =
        is_directory_separator(tmpdir_entry.back()) ? 0 : 1;
    if ((tmpdir_entry.length() + path_separator_reqd) > max_tmpdir_len) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_TMPDIR_PATH_TOO_LONG, tmpdir_list.list[i],
             max_tmpdir_len, MY_MAX_TEMP_FILENAME_LEN);
      result = false;
    }
  }
  return result;
}
#endif

static int fix_paths(void) {
  char buff[FN_REFLEN];
  bool secure_file_priv_nonempty = false;
  convert_dirname(mysql_home, mysql_home, NullS);
  /* Resolve symlinks to allow 'mysql_home' to be a relative symlink */
  my_realpath(mysql_home, mysql_home, MYF(0));
  /* Ensure that mysql_home ends in FN_LIBCHAR */
  char *pos = strend(mysql_home);
  if (pos == mysql_home || pos[-1] != FN_LIBCHAR) {
    pos[0] = FN_LIBCHAR;
    pos[1] = 0;
  }
  convert_dirname(lc_messages_dir, lc_messages_dir, NullS);
  convert_dirname(mysql_real_data_home, mysql_real_data_home, NullS);
  (void)my_load_path(mysql_home, mysql_home, "");  // Resolve current dir
  (void)my_load_path(mysql_real_data_home, mysql_real_data_home, mysql_home);
  (void)my_load_path(pidfile_name, pidfile_name_ptr, mysql_real_data_home);

  convert_dirname(
      opt_plugin_dir,
      opt_plugin_dir_ptr ? opt_plugin_dir_ptr : get_relative_path(PLUGINDIR),
      NullS);
  (void)my_load_path(opt_plugin_dir, opt_plugin_dir, mysql_home);
  opt_plugin_dir_ptr = opt_plugin_dir;

  my_realpath(mysql_unpacked_real_data_home, mysql_real_data_home, MYF(0));
  mysql_unpacked_real_data_home_len = strlen(mysql_unpacked_real_data_home);
  if (mysql_unpacked_real_data_home[mysql_unpacked_real_data_home_len - 1] ==
      FN_LIBCHAR)
    --mysql_unpacked_real_data_home_len;

  const char *sharedir = get_relative_path(SHAREDIR);
  if (test_if_hard_path(sharedir))
    strmake(buff, sharedir, sizeof(buff) - 1); /* purecov: tested */
  else
    strxnmov(buff, sizeof(buff) - 1, mysql_home, sharedir, NullS);
  convert_dirname(buff, buff, NullS);
  (void)my_load_path(lc_messages_dir, lc_messages_dir, buff);

  /* If --character-sets-dir isn't given, use shared library dir */
  if (charsets_dir)
    strmake(mysql_charsets_dir, charsets_dir, sizeof(mysql_charsets_dir) - 1);
  else
    strxnmov(mysql_charsets_dir, sizeof(mysql_charsets_dir) - 1, buff,
             CHARSET_DIR, NullS);
  (void)my_load_path(mysql_charsets_dir, mysql_charsets_dir, buff);
  convert_dirname(mysql_charsets_dir, mysql_charsets_dir, NullS);
  charsets_dir = mysql_charsets_dir;

  if (init_tmpdir(&mysql_tmpdir_list, opt_mysql_tmpdir)) return 1;
#ifdef WIN32
  if (!check_tmpdir_path_lengths(mysql_tmpdir_list)) return 1;
#endif
  if (!opt_mysql_tmpdir) opt_mysql_tmpdir = mysql_tmpdir;
  if (!replica_load_tmpdir) replica_load_tmpdir = mysql_tmpdir;

  if (opt_help) return 0;
  /*
    Convert the secure-file-priv option to system format, allowing
    a quick strcmp to check if read or write is in an allowed dir
  */
  bool force_priv_check = false;
  DBUG_EXECUTE_IF("force_secure_file_priv_check", { force_priv_check = true; });

  if (opt_initialize && !force_priv_check) opt_secure_file_priv = "";
  secure_file_priv_nonempty = opt_secure_file_priv[0] ? true : false;

  if (secure_file_priv_nonempty && strlen(opt_secure_file_priv) > FN_REFLEN) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_ARGUMENT_TOO_LONG, FN_REFLEN - 1);
    return 1;
  }

  memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
  if (secure_file_priv_nonempty &&
      my_strcasecmp(system_charset_info, opt_secure_file_priv, "NULL")) {
    int retval = my_realpath(buff, opt_secure_file_priv, MYF(MY_WME));
    if (!retval) {
      convert_dirname(secure_file_real_path, buff, NullS);
#ifdef WIN32
      MY_DIR *dir = my_dir(secure_file_real_path, MYF(MY_DONT_SORT + MY_WME));
      if (!dir) {
        retval = 1;
      } else {
        my_dirend(dir);
      }
#endif
    }

    if (retval) {
      LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_SEC_FILE_PRIV_CANT_ACCESS_DIR,
             opt_secure_file_priv);
      return 1;
    }
    opt_secure_file_priv = secure_file_real_path;
  }

  if (!check_secure_file_priv_path()) return 1;

  return 0;
}

/**
  Check if file system used for databases is case insensitive.

  @param dir_name     Directory to test

  @retval
    -1  Don't know (Test failed)
  @retval
    0   File system is case sensitive
  @retval
    1   File system is case insensitive
*/

static int test_if_case_insensitive(const char *dir_name) {
  int result = 0;
  File file;
  char buff[FN_REFLEN], buff2[FN_REFLEN];
  MY_STAT stat_info;
  const char *const tmp_file_name = "mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test";
  DBUG_TRACE;

  fn_format(buff, tmp_file_name, dir_name, ".lower-test",
            MY_UNPACK_FILENAME | MY_REPLACE_EXT | MY_REPLACE_DIR);
  fn_format(buff2, tmp_file_name, dir_name, ".LOWER-TEST",
            MY_UNPACK_FILENAME | MY_REPLACE_EXT | MY_REPLACE_DIR);
  mysql_file_delete(key_file_casetest, buff2, MYF(0));
  if ((file = mysql_file_create(key_file_casetest, buff, 0666, O_RDWR,
                                MYF(0))) < 0) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_TEST_FILE, buff);
    return -1;
  }
  mysql_file_close(file, MYF(0));
  if (mysql_file_stat(key_file_casetest, buff2, &stat_info, MYF(0)))
    result = 1;  // Can access file
  mysql_file_delete(key_file_casetest, buff, MYF(MY_WME));
  DBUG_PRINT("exit", ("result: %d", result));
  return result;
}

/**
  Create file to store pid number.
*/
static bool create_pid_file() {
  File file;
  bool check_parent_path = true, is_path_accessible = true;
  char pid_filepath[FN_REFLEN], *pos = nullptr;
  /* Copy pid file name to get pid file path */
  strcpy(pid_filepath, pidfile_name);

  /* Iterate through the entire path to check if even one of the sub-dirs
     is world-writable */
  while (check_parent_path && (pos = strrchr(pid_filepath, FN_LIBCHAR)) &&
         (pos != pid_filepath)) /* shouldn't check root */
  {
    *pos = '\0'; /* Trim the inner-most dir */
    switch (is_file_or_dir_world_writable(pid_filepath)) {
      case -2:
        is_path_accessible = false;
        break;
      case -1:
        LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CHECK_PID_PATH, strerror(errno));
        exit(MYSQLD_ABORT_EXIT);
      case 1:
        LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_PID_FILE_PRIV_DIRECTORY_INSECURE,
               pid_filepath);
        check_parent_path = false;
        break;
      case 0:
        continue; /* Keep checking the parent dir */
    }
  }
  if (!is_path_accessible) {
    LogErr(WARNING_LEVEL, ER_PID_FILEPATH_LOCATIONS_INACCESSIBLE);
  }
  if ((file = mysql_file_create(key_file_pid, pidfile_name, 0664,
                                O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, MYF(MY_WME))) >= 0) {
    char buff[MAX_BIGINT_WIDTH + 1], *end;
    end = longlong10_to_str(getpid(), buff, -10);
    *end++ = '\n';
    if (!mysql_file_write(file, (uchar *)buff, (uint)(end - buff),
                          MYF(MY_WME | MY_NABP))) {
      mysql_file_close(file, MYF(0));
      pid_file_created = true;
      return false;
    }
    mysql_file_close(file, MYF(0));
  }
  LogErr(ERROR_LEVEL, ER_CANT_CREATE_PID_FILE, strerror(errno));
  return true;
}

/**
  Remove the process' pid file.

  @param  flags  file operation flags
*/

static void delete_pid_file(myf flags) {
  File file;
  if (opt_initialize || !pid_file_created ||
      !(file = mysql_file_open(key_file_pid, pidfile_name, O_RDONLY, flags)))
    return;

  if (file == -1) {
    LogErr(INFORMATION_LEVEL, ER_CANT_REMOVE_PID_FILE, strerror(errno));
    return;
  }

  uchar buff[MAX_BIGINT_WIDTH + 1];
  /* Make sure that the pid file was created by the same process. */
  size_t error = mysql_file_read(file, buff, sizeof(buff), flags);
  mysql_file_close(file, flags);
  buff[sizeof(buff) - 1] = '\0';
  if (error != MY_FILE_ERROR && atol((char *)buff) == (long)getpid()) {
    mysql_file_delete(key_file_pid, pidfile_name, flags);
    pid_file_created = false;
  }
  return;
}

/**
  Delete mysql.ibd after aborting upgrade.
*/
static void delete_dictionary_tablespace() {
  char path[FN_REFLEN + 1];
  bool not_used;

  build_table_filename(path, sizeof(path) - 1, "", "mysql", ".ibd", 0,
                       &not_used);
  (void)mysql_file_delete(key_file_misc, path, MYF(MY_WME));

  // Drop file which tracks progress of upgrade.
  dd::upgrade_57::Upgrade_status().remove();
}

/**
  Returns the current state of the server : booting, operational or shutting
  down.

  @return
    SERVER_BOOTING        Server is not operational. It is starting.
    SERVER_OPERATING      Server is fully initialized and operating.
    SERVER_SHUTTING_DOWN  Server is shutting down.
*/
enum_server_operational_state get_server_state() {
  return server_operational_state;
}

/**
  Reset status for all threads.
*/
class Reset_thd_status : public Do_THD_Impl {
 public:
  Reset_thd_status() = default;
  void operator()(THD *thd) override {
    /* Update the global status if not done so already. */
    if (!thd->status_var_aggregated) {
      add_to_status(&global_status_var, &thd->status_var);
    }
    reset_system_status_vars(&thd->status_var);
  }
};

/**
  Reset global and session status variables.
*/
void refresh_status() {
  mysql_mutex_lock(&LOCK_status);

  /* For all threads, add status to global status and then reset. */
  Reset_thd_status reset_thd_status;
  Global_THD_manager::get_instance()->do_for_all_thd_copy(&reset_thd_status);
#ifdef WITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE
  /* Reset aggregated status counters. */
  reset_pfs_status_stats();
#endif

  /* Reset some global variables. */
  reset_status_vars();

  /* Reset the counters of all key caches (default and named). */
  process_key_caches(reset_key_cache_counters);
  flush_status_time = time((time_t *)nullptr);
  mysql_mutex_unlock(&LOCK_status);

  /*
    Set max_used_connections to the number of currently open
    connections.  Do this out of LOCK_status to avoid deadlocks.
    Status reset becomes not atomic, but status data is not exact anyway.
  */
  Connection_handler_manager::reset_max_used_connections();
}

class Do_THD_reset_status : public Do_THD_Impl {
 public:
  Do_THD_reset_status() {}
  void operator()(THD *thd [[maybe_unused]]) override {
#ifdef HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE
    PSI_thread *thread = thd->get_psi();
    if (thread != nullptr) {
      /*
        During this call,
        - inspecting the THD associated with the performance schema
          thread instrumentation,
        - inspecting the THD status variable
        is safe, because the call is protected
        by Global_THD_manager::do_for_all_thd(),
        so the THD will not be destroyed during the iteration.
      */
      PSI_THREAD_CALL(aggregate_thread_status)(thread);
    }
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_THREAD_INTERFACE */
  }
};

void reset_status_by_thd() {
  Do_THD_reset_status doit;
  Global_THD_manager::get_instance()->do_for_all_thd(&doit);
}

/*****************************************************************************
  Instantiate variables for missing storage engines
  This section should go away soon
*****************************************************************************/

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_tc;
PSI_mutex_key key_hash_filo_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_error_log;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_thd_data;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_thd_sysvar;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_thd_protocol;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_thd_security_ctx;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOG_LOCK_log;
PSI_mutex_key key_source_info_data_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_source_info_run_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_source_info_sleep_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_source_info_thd_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_source_info_rotate_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_mutex_replica_reporting_capability_err_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_relay_log_info_data_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_relay_log_info_sleep_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_relay_log_info_thd_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_relay_log_info_log_space_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_relay_log_info_run_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_mutex_slave_parallel_pend_jobs;
PSI_mutex_key key_mutex_slave_parallel_worker_count;
PSI_mutex_key key_mutex_slave_parallel_worker;
PSI_mutex_key key_structure_guard_mutex;
PSI_mutex_key key_TABLE_SHARE_LOCK_ha_data;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_query_plan;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_thd_query;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_cost_const;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_current_cond;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_commit;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_index;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_log;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_log_end_pos;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_sync;
PSI_mutex_key key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_xids;
PSI_mutex_key key_gtid_ensure_index_mutex;
PSI_mutex_key key_object_cache_mutex;  // TODO need to initialize
PSI_cond_key key_object_loading_cond;  // TODO need to initialize
PSI_mutex_key key_mta_temp_table_LOCK;
PSI_mutex_key key_mta_gaq_LOCK;
PSI_mutex_key key_thd_timer_mutex;
PSI_mutex_key key_commit_order_manager_mutex;
PSI_mutex_key key_mutex_replica_worker_hash;
PSI_mutex_key key_monitor_info_run_lock;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_delegate_connection_mutex;
PSI_mutex_key key_LOCK_group_replication_connection_mutex;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_mutex_info all_server_mutexes[]=
{
  { &key_LOCK_tc, "TC_LOG_MMAP::LOCK_tc", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_commit", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_commit_queue, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_commit_queue", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_done, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_done", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_flush_queue, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_flush_queue", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_index, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_index", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_log, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_log", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_binlog_end_pos, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_binlog_end_pos", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_sync", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_sync_queue, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_sync_queue", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_xids, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_xids", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_wait_for_group_turn, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_wait_for_group_turn", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_after_commit", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_LOCK_after_commit_queue, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::LOCK_after_commit_queue", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_commit, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_commit", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_index, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_index", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_log, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_log", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_log_end_pos, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_log_end_pos", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_sync, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_sync", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_LOCK_xids, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::LOCK_xids", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_hash_filo_lock, "hash_filo::lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &Gtid_set::key_gtid_executed_free_intervals_mutex, "Gtid_set::gtid_executed::free_intervals_mutex", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_crypt, "LOCK_crypt", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_error_log, "LOCK_error_log", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_global_system_variables, "LOCK_global_system_variables", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#if defined(_WIN32)
  { &key_LOCK_handler_count, "LOCK_handler_count", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#endif
  { &key_LOCK_manager, "LOCK_manager", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_prepared_stmt_count, "LOCK_prepared_stmt_count", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_replica_list, "LOCK_replica_list", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter, "LOCK_sql_replica_skip_counter", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_replica_net_timeout, "LOCK_replica_net_timeout", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker, "LOCK_replica_trans_dep_tracker", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_server_started, "LOCK_server_started", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#if !defined(_WIN32)
  { &key_LOCK_socket_listener_active, "LOCK_socket_listener_active", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_start_signal_handler, "LOCK_start_signal_handler", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#endif
  { &key_LOCK_status, "LOCK_status", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_thd_data, "THD::LOCK_thd_data", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_thd_query, "THD::LOCK_thd_query", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_thd_sysvar, "THD::LOCK_thd_sysvar", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_thd_protocol, "THD::LOCK_thd_protocol", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_thd_security_ctx, "THD::LOCK_thd_security_ctx", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, "A lock to control access to a THD's security context"},
  { &key_LOCK_user_conn, "LOCK_user_conn", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_uuid_generator, "LOCK_uuid_generator", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_sql_rand, "LOCK_sql_rand", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOG_LOCK_log, "LOG::LOCK_log", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_data_lock, "Source_info::data_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_run_lock, "Source_info::run_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_sleep_lock, "Source_info::sleep_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_thd_lock, "Source_info::info_thd_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_rotate_lock, "Source_info::rotate_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mutex_replica_reporting_capability_err_lock, "Replica_reporting_capability::err_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_data_lock, "Relay_log_info::data_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_sleep_lock, "Relay_log_info::sleep_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_thd_lock, "Relay_log_info::info_thd_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_log_space_lock, "Relay_log_info::log_space_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_run_lock, "Relay_log_info::run_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mutex_slave_parallel_pend_jobs, "Relay_log_info::pending_jobs_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mutex_slave_parallel_worker_count, "Relay_log_info::exit_count_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mutex_slave_parallel_worker, "Worker_info::jobs_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_TABLE_SHARE_LOCK_ha_data, "TABLE_SHARE::LOCK_ha_data", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_error_messages, "LOCK_error_messages", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_log_throttle_qni, "LOCK_log_throttle_qni", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_gtid_ensure_index_mutex, "Gtid_state", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_query_plan, "THD::LOCK_query_plan", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_cost_const, "Cost_constant_cache::LOCK_cost_const", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_current_cond, "THD::LOCK_current_cond", 0, PSI_VOLATILITY_SESSION, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mta_temp_table_LOCK, "key_mta_temp_table_LOCK", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_reset_gtid_table, "LOCK_reset_gtid_table", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_compress_gtid_table, "LOCK_compress_gtid_table", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_collect_instance_log, "LOCK_collect_instance_log", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mta_gaq_LOCK, "key_mta_gaq_LOCK", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thd_timer_mutex, "thd_timer_mutex", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_commit_order_manager_mutex, "Commit_order_manager::m_mutex", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_mutex_replica_worker_hash, "Relay_log_info::replica_worker_hash_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_default_password_lifetime, "LOCK_default_password_lifetime", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_mandatory_roles, "LOCK_mandatory_roles", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_password_history, "LOCK_password_history", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_password_reuse_interval, "LOCK_password_reuse_interval", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_keyring_operations, "LOCK_keyring_operations", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_tls_ctx_options, "LOCK_tls_ctx_options", 0, 0, "A lock to control all of the --ssl-* CTX related command line options for client server connection port"},
  { &key_LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options, "LOCK_admin_tls_ctx_options", 0, 0, "A lock to control all of the --ssl-* CTX related command line options for administrative connection port"},
  { &key_LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key, "LOCK_rotate_binlog_master_key", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_monitor_info_run_lock, "Source_IO_monitor::run_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_delegate_connection_mutex, "LOCK_delegate_connection_mutex", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_LOCK_group_replication_connection_mutex, "LOCK_group_replication_connection_mutex", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
{ &key_LOCK_authentication_policy, "LOCK_authentication_policy", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, "A lock to ensure execution of CREATE USER or ALTER USER sql and SET @@global.authentication_policy variable are serialized"},
  { &key_LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit, "LOCK_global_conn_mem_limit", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME}
};
/* clang-format on */

PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_LOCK_logger;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_channel_map_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_channel_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_receiver_sid_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_rpl_filter_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_channel_to_filter_lock;

PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_Trans_delegate_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_Server_state_delegate_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_Binlog_storage_delegate_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_Binlog_transmit_delegate_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_Binlog_relay_IO_delegate_lock;
PSI_rwlock_key key_rwlock_resource_group_mgr_map_lock;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_rwlock_info all_server_rwlocks[]=
{
  { &key_rwlock_Binlog_transmit_delegate_lock, "Binlog_transmit_delegate::lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_Binlog_relay_IO_delegate_lock, "Binlog_relay_IO_delegate::lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_logger, "LOGGER::LOCK_logger", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_connect, "LOCK_sys_init_connect", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_sys_init_replica, "LOCK_sys_init_replica", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_system_variables_hash, "LOCK_system_variables_hash", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_global_sid_lock, "gtid_commit_rollback", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_gtid_mode_lock, "gtid_mode_lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_channel_map_lock, "channel_map_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_channel_lock, "channel_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_Trans_delegate_lock, "Trans_delegate::lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_Server_state_delegate_lock, "Server_state_delegate::lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_Binlog_storage_delegate_lock, "Binlog_storage_delegate::lock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_receiver_sid_lock, "gtid_retrieved", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_rpl_filter_lock, "rpl_filter_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_channel_to_filter_lock, "channel_to_filter_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_resource_group_mgr_map_lock, "Resource_group_mgr::m_map_rwlock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_server_shutting_down, "server_shutting_down", 0, 0, "This lock protects server shutting down flag."},
#ifdef _WIN32
  { &key_rwlock_LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group, "LOCK_named_pipe_full_access_group", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0,
     "This lock protects named pipe security attributes, preventing their "
     "simultaneous application and modification."},
#endif // _WIN32
};
/* clang-format on */

PSI_cond_key key_PAGE_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_active;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_pool;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_cache_status_changed;
PSI_cond_key key_item_func_sleep_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_source_info_data_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_source_info_start_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_source_info_stop_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_source_info_sleep_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_source_info_rotate_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_relay_log_info_data_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_relay_log_info_log_space_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_relay_log_info_start_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_relay_log_info_stop_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_relay_log_info_sleep_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_cond_slave_parallel_pend_jobs;
PSI_cond_key key_cond_slave_parallel_worker;
PSI_cond_key key_cond_mta_gaq;
PSI_cond_key key_RELAYLOG_update_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_gtid_ensure_index_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_thr_lock;
PSI_cond_key key_commit_order_manager_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_cond_slave_worker_hash;
PSI_cond_key key_monitor_info_run_cond;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_delegate_connection_cond_var;
PSI_cond_key key_COND_group_replication_connection_cond_var;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_cond_info all_server_conds[]=
{
  { &key_PAGE_cond, "PAGE::cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_active, "TC_LOG_MMAP::COND_active", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_pool, "TC_LOG_MMAP::COND_pool", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_COND_done, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::COND_done", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_COND_flush_queue, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::COND_flush_queue", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_update_cond, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::update_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_prep_xids_cond, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::prep_xids_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_BINLOG_COND_wait_for_group_turn, "MYSQL_BIN_LOG::COND_wait_for_group_turn", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_RELAYLOG_update_cond, "MYSQL_RELAY_LOG::update_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#if defined(_WIN32)
  { &key_COND_handler_count, "COND_handler_count", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#endif
  { &key_COND_manager, "COND_manager", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_server_started, "COND_server_started", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#if !defined(_WIN32)
  { &key_COND_socket_listener_active, "COND_socket_listener_active", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_start_signal_handler, "COND_start_signal_handler", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#endif
  { &key_COND_thr_lock, "COND_thr_lock", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_item_func_sleep_cond, "Item_func_sleep::cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_data_cond, "Source_info::data_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_start_cond, "Source_info::start_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_stop_cond, "Source_info::stop_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_sleep_cond, "Source_info::sleep_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_source_info_rotate_cond, "Source_info::rotate_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_data_cond, "Relay_log_info::data_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_log_space_cond, "Relay_log_info::log_space_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_start_cond, "Relay_log_info::start_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_stop_cond, "Relay_log_info::stop_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_relay_log_info_sleep_cond, "Relay_log_info::sleep_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_cond_slave_parallel_pend_jobs, "Relay_log_info::pending_jobs_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_cond_slave_parallel_worker, "Worker_info::jobs_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_cond_mta_gaq, "Relay_log_info::mta_gaq_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_gtid_ensure_index_cond, "Gtid_state", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_compress_gtid_table, "COND_compress_gtid_table", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_commit_order_manager_cond, "Commit_order_manager::m_workers.cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_cond_slave_worker_hash, "Relay_log_info::replica_worker_hash_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_monitor_info_run_cond, "Source_IO_monitor::run_cond", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_delegate_connection_cond_var, "THD::COND_delegate_connection_cond_var", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_COND_group_replication_connection_cond_var, "THD::COND_group_replication_connection_cond_var", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME}
};
/* clang-format on */

PSI_thread_key key_thread_bootstrap;
PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_manager;
PSI_thread_key key_thread_one_connection;
PSI_thread_key key_thread_compress_gtid_table;
PSI_thread_key key_thread_parser_service;
PSI_thread_key key_thread_handle_con_admin_sockets;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_thread_info all_server_threads[]=
{
#if defined (_WIN32)
  { &key_thread_handle_con_namedpipes, "con_named_pipes", "con_pipe", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_handle_con_sharedmem, "con_shared_mem", "con_shm", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_handle_con_sockets, "con_sockets", "con_sock", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_handle_shutdown_restart, "shutdown_restart", "down_up", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
#endif /* _WIN32 */
  { &key_thread_bootstrap, "bootstrap", "boot", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_handle_manager, "manager", "handle_mgr", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_main, "main", "main", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_one_connection, "one_connection", "connection",
PSI_FLAG_USER | PSI_FLAG_NO_SEQNUM, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_signal_hand, "signal_handler", "sig_handler", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_compress_gtid_table, "compress_gtid_table", "gtid_zip", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_parser_service, "parser_service", "parser_srv", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_thread_handle_con_admin_sockets, "admin_interface", "con_admin", PSI_FLAG_USER, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
};
/* clang-format on */

PSI_file_key key_file_binlog;
PSI_file_key key_file_binlog_index;
PSI_file_key key_file_dbopt;
PSI_file_key key_file_ERRMSG;
PSI_file_key key_select_to_file;
PSI_file_key key_file_fileparser;
PSI_file_key key_file_frm;
PSI_file_key key_file_load;
PSI_file_key key_file_loadfile;
PSI_file_key key_file_log_event_data;
PSI_file_key key_file_log_event_info;
PSI_file_key key_file_misc;
PSI_file_key key_file_tclog;
PSI_file_key key_file_trg;
PSI_file_key key_file_trn;
PSI_file_key key_file_init;
PSI_file_key key_file_general_log;
PSI_file_key key_file_slow_log;
PSI_file_key key_file_relaylog;
PSI_file_key key_file_relaylog_cache;
PSI_file_key key_file_relaylog_index;
PSI_file_key key_file_relaylog_index_cache;
PSI_file_key key_file_sdi;
PSI_file_key key_file_hash_join;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_file_info all_server_files[]=
{
  { &key_file_binlog, "binlog", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_binlog_cache, "binlog_cache", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_binlog_index, "binlog_index", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_binlog_index_cache, "binlog_index_cache", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_relaylog, "relaylog", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_relaylog_cache, "relaylog_cache", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_relaylog_index, "relaylog_index", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_relaylog_index_cache, "relaylog_index_cache", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_io_cache, "io_cache", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_casetest, "casetest", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_dbopt, "dbopt", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_ERRMSG, "ERRMSG", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_select_to_file, "select_to_file", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_fileparser, "file_parser", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_frm, "FRM", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_load, "load", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_loadfile, "LOAD_FILE", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_log_event_data, "log_event_data", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_log_event_info, "log_event_info", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_misc, "misc", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_pid, "pid", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_general_log, "query_log", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_slow_log, "slow_log", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_tclog, "tclog", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_trg, "trigger_name", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_trn, "trigger", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_init, "init", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_sdi, "SDI", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_file_hash_join, "hash_join", 0, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME}
};
/* clang-format on */
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE */

/* clang-format off */
PSI_stage_info stage_after_create= { 0, "After create", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_alter_inplace_prepare= { 0, "preparing for alter table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_alter_inplace= { 0, "altering table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_alter_inplace_commit= { 0, "committing alter table to storage engine", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_changing_source= { 0, "Changing replication source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_checking_source_version= { 0, "Checking source version", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_checking_permissions= { 0, "checking permissions", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_cleaning_up= { 0, "cleaning up", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_closing_tables= { 0, "closing tables", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_compressing_gtid_table= { 0, "Compressing gtid_executed table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_connecting_to_source= { 0, "Connecting to source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_converting_heap_to_ondisk= { 0, "converting HEAP to ondisk", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_copy_to_tmp_table= { 0, "copy to tmp table", PSI_FLAG_STAGE_PROGRESS, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_creating_table= { 0, "creating table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_creating_tmp_table= { 0, "Creating tmp table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_deleting_from_main_table= { 0, "deleting from main table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_deleting_from_reference_tables= { 0, "deleting from reference tables", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_discard_or_import_tablespace= { 0, "discard_or_import_tablespace", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_end= { 0, "end", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_executing= { 0, "executing", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_execution_of_init_command= { 0, "Execution of init_command", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_explaining= { 0, "explaining", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_finished_reading_one_binlog_switching_to_next_binlog= { 0, "Finished reading one binlog; switching to next binlog", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_flushing_relay_log_and_source_info_repository= { 0, "Flushing relay log and source info repository.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_flushing_relay_log_info_file= { 0, "Flushing relay-log info file.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_freeing_items= { 0, "freeing items", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_fulltext_initialization= { 0, "FULLTEXT initialization", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_init= { 0, "init", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_killing_replica= { 0, "Killing replica", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_logging_slow_query= { 0, "logging slow query", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_making_temp_file_append_before_load_data= { 0, "Making temporary file (append) before replaying LOAD DATA INFILE", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_manage_keys= { 0, "manage keys", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_source_has_sent_all_binlog_to_replica= { 0, "Source has sent all binlog to replica; waiting for more updates", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_opening_tables= { 0, "Opening tables", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_optimizing= { 0, "optimizing", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_preparing= { 0, "preparing", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_purging_old_relay_logs= { 0, "Purging old relay logs", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_query_end= { 0, "query end", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_queueing_source_event_to_the_relay_log= { 0, "Queueing source event to the relay log", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_reading_event_from_the_relay_log= { 0, "Reading event from the relay log", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_registering_replica_on_source= { 0, "Registering replica on source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_removing_tmp_table= { 0, "removing tmp table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rename= { 0, "rename", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rename_result_table= { 0, "rename result table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_requesting_binlog_dump= { 0, "Requesting binlog dump", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_searching_rows_for_update= { 0, "Searching rows for update", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_sending_binlog_event_to_replica= { 0, "Sending binlog event to replica", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_setup= { 0, "setup", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_has_read_all_relay_log= { 0, "Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_binlog_dump_request{ 0, "Reconnecting after a failed binlog dump request", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_event_read{ 0, "Reconnecting after a failed source event read", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_registration_on_source{ 0, "Reconnecting after a failed registration on source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_event_from_coordinator= { 0, "Waiting for an event from Coordinator", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_for_workers_to_process_queue= { 0, "Waiting for replica workers to process their queues", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_binlog_dump_request{ 0, "Waiting to reconnect after a failed binlog dump request", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_event_read{ 0, "Waiting to reconnect after a failed source event read", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_registration_on_source{ 0, "Waiting to reconnect after a failed registration on source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_worker_queue= { 0, "Waiting for Replica Worker queue", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_worker_to_free_events= { 0, "Waiting for Replica Workers to free pending events", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_worker_to_release_partition= { 0, "Waiting for Replica Worker to release partition", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_replica_waiting_workers_to_exit= { 0, "Waiting for workers to exit", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_write= { 0, "Applying batch of row changes (write)", PSI_FLAG_STAGE_PROGRESS, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_update= { 0, "Applying batch of row changes (update)", PSI_FLAG_STAGE_PROGRESS, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_delete= { 0, "Applying batch of row changes (delete)", PSI_FLAG_STAGE_PROGRESS, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_statistics= { 0, "statistics", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_sql_thd_waiting_until_delay= { 0, "Waiting until SOURCE_DELAY seconds after source executed event", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_system_lock= { 0, "System lock", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_update= { 0, "update", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_updating= { 0, "updating", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_updating_main_table= { 0, "updating main table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_updating_reference_tables= { 0, "updating reference tables", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_user_sleep= { 0, "User sleep", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_verifying_table= { 0, "verifying table", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_gtid_to_be_committed= { 0, "Waiting for GTID to be committed", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_handler_commit= { 0, "waiting for handler commit", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_source_to_send_event= { 0, "Waiting for source to send event", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_source_update= { 0, "Waiting for source update", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_relay_log_space= { 0, "Waiting for the replica SQL thread to free relay log space", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_replica_mutex_on_exit= { 0, "Waiting for replica mutex on exit", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_replica_thread_to_start= { 0, "Waiting for replica thread to start", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_table_flush= { 0, "Waiting for table flush", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_the_next_event_in_relay_log= { 0, "Waiting for the next event in relay log", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_the_replica_thread_to_advance_position= { 0, "Waiting for the replica SQL thread to advance position", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_to_finalize_termination= { 0, "Waiting to finalize termination", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_worker_waiting_for_its_turn_to_commit= { 0, "Waiting for preceding transaction to commit", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_worker_waiting_for_commit_parent= { 0, "Waiting for dependent transaction to commit", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_suspending= { 0, "Suspending", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_starting= { 0, "starting", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_no_channel_reference= { 0, "Waiting for no channel reference.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_hook_begin_trans= { 0, "Executing hook on transaction begin.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_binlog_transaction_compress= { 0, "Compressing transaction changes.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_binlog_transaction_decompress= { 0, "Decompressing transaction changes.", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_failover_fetching_source_member_details= { 0, "Fetching source member details from connected source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_failover_updating_source_member_details= { 0, "Updating fetched source member details on receiver", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_rpl_failover_wait_before_next_fetch= { 0, "Wait before trying to fetch next membership changes from source", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_communication_delegation= { 0, "Connection delegated to Group Replication", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
PSI_stage_info stage_wait_on_commit_ticket= { 0, "Waiting for Binlog Group Commit ticket", 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME};
/* clang-format on */

extern PSI_stage_info stage_waiting_for_disk_space;

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE

PSI_stage_info *all_server_stages[] = {
    &stage_after_create,
    &stage_alter_inplace_prepare,
    &stage_alter_inplace,
    &stage_alter_inplace_commit,
    &stage_changing_source,
    &stage_checking_source_version,
    &stage_checking_permissions,
    &stage_cleaning_up,
    &stage_closing_tables,
    &stage_compressing_gtid_table,
    &stage_connecting_to_source,
    &stage_converting_heap_to_ondisk,
    &stage_copy_to_tmp_table,
    &stage_creating_table,
    &stage_creating_tmp_table,
    &stage_deleting_from_main_table,
    &stage_deleting_from_reference_tables,
    &stage_discard_or_import_tablespace,
    &stage_end,
    &stage_executing,
    &stage_execution_of_init_command,
    &stage_explaining,
    &stage_finished_reading_one_binlog_switching_to_next_binlog,
    &stage_flushing_relay_log_and_source_info_repository,
    &stage_flushing_relay_log_info_file,
    &stage_freeing_items,
    &stage_fulltext_initialization,
    &stage_init,
    &stage_killing_replica,
    &stage_logging_slow_query,
    &stage_making_temp_file_append_before_load_data,
    &stage_manage_keys,
    &stage_source_has_sent_all_binlog_to_replica,
    &stage_opening_tables,
    &stage_optimizing,
    &stage_preparing,
    &stage_purging_old_relay_logs,
    &stage_query_end,
    &stage_queueing_source_event_to_the_relay_log,
    &stage_reading_event_from_the_relay_log,
    &stage_registering_replica_on_source,
    &stage_removing_tmp_table,
    &stage_rename,
    &stage_rename_result_table,
    &stage_requesting_binlog_dump,
    &stage_searching_rows_for_update,
    &stage_sending_binlog_event_to_replica,
    &stage_setup,
    &stage_replica_has_read_all_relay_log,
    &stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_binlog_dump_request,
    &stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_event_read,
    &stage_replica_reconnecting_after_failed_registration_on_source,
    &stage_replica_waiting_event_from_coordinator,
    &stage_replica_waiting_for_workers_to_process_queue,
    &stage_replica_waiting_worker_queue,
    &stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_binlog_dump_request,
    &stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_event_read,
    &stage_replica_waiting_to_reconnect_after_failed_registration_on_source,
    &stage_replica_waiting_worker_to_free_events,
    &stage_replica_waiting_worker_to_release_partition,
    &stage_replica_waiting_workers_to_exit,
    &stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_write,
    &stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_update,
    &stage_rpl_apply_row_evt_delete,
    &stage_sql_thd_waiting_until_delay,
    &stage_statistics,
    &stage_system_lock,
    &stage_update,
    &stage_updating,
    &stage_updating_main_table,
    &stage_updating_reference_tables,
    &stage_user_sleep,
    &stage_verifying_table,
    &stage_waiting_for_gtid_to_be_committed,
    &stage_waiting_for_handler_commit,
    &stage_waiting_for_source_to_send_event,
    &stage_waiting_for_source_update,
    &stage_waiting_for_relay_log_space,
    &stage_waiting_for_replica_mutex_on_exit,
    &stage_waiting_for_replica_thread_to_start,
    &stage_waiting_for_table_flush,
    &stage_waiting_for_the_next_event_in_relay_log,
    &stage_waiting_for_the_replica_thread_to_advance_position,
    &stage_waiting_to_finalize_termination,
    &stage_worker_waiting_for_its_turn_to_commit,
    &stage_worker_waiting_for_commit_parent,
    &stage_suspending,
    &stage_starting,
    &stage_waiting_for_no_channel_reference,
    &stage_hook_begin_trans,
    &stage_waiting_for_disk_space,
    &stage_binlog_transaction_compress,
    &stage_binlog_transaction_decompress,
    &stage_rpl_failover_fetching_source_member_details,
    &stage_rpl_failover_updating_source_member_details,
    &stage_rpl_failover_wait_before_next_fetch,
    &stage_communication_delegation,
    &stage_wait_on_commit_ticket};

PSI_socket_key key_socket_tcpip;
PSI_socket_key key_socket_unix;
PSI_socket_key key_socket_client_connection;

/* clang-format off */
static PSI_socket_info all_server_sockets[]=
{
  { &key_socket_tcpip, "server_tcpip_socket", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_socket_unix, "server_unix_socket", PSI_FLAG_SINGLETON, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME},
  { &key_socket_client_connection, "client_connection", PSI_FLAG_USER, 0, PSI_DOCUMENT_ME}
};
/* clang-format on */

/* TODO: find a good header */
void init_client_psi_keys(void);

/**
  Initialise all the performance schema instrumentation points
  used by the server.
*/
static void init_server_psi_keys(void) {
  const char *category = "sql";
  int count;

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_mutexes));
  mysql_mutex_register(category, all_server_mutexes, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_rwlocks));
  mysql_rwlock_register(category, all_server_rwlocks, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_conds));
  mysql_cond_register(category, all_server_conds, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_threads));
  mysql_thread_register(category, all_server_threads, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_files));
  mysql_file_register(category, all_server_files, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_stages));
  mysql_stage_register(category, all_server_stages, count);

  count = static_cast<int>(array_elements(all_server_sockets));
  mysql_socket_register(category, all_server_sockets, count);

  register_server_memory_keys();

#ifdef HAVE_PSI_STATEMENT_INTERFACE
  init_sql_statement_info();

  /* Register [0 .. SQLCOM_CLONE - 1] as "statement/sql/..." */
  count = (int)SQLCOM_CLONE;
  mysql_statement_register(category, sql_statement_info, count);

  /* Exclude SQLCOM_CLONE as it mutates and is registered as abstract. */
  count = (int)SQLCOM_END - (int)SQLCOM_CLONE;
  mysql_statement_register(category, &sql_statement_info[(int)SQLCOM_CLONE + 1],
                           count);
  category = "abstract";
  mysql_statement_register(category, &sql_statement_info[(int)SQLCOM_CLONE], 1);

  init_sp_psi_keys();

  init_scheduler_psi_keys();

  category = "com";
  init_com_statement_info();

  /*
    Register [0 .. COM_QUERY - 1] as "statement/com/..."
  */
  count = (int)COM_QUERY;
  mysql_statement_register(category, com_statement_info, count);

  /* Exclude COM_CLONE as it would mutate */
  count = (int)COM_CLONE - (int)COM_QUERY - 1;
  mysql_statement_register(category, &com_statement_info[(int)COM_QUERY + 1],
                           count);
  /*
    Register [COM_CLONE + 1 .. COM_END] as "statement/com/..."
  */
  count = (int)COM_END - (int)COM_CLONE;
  mysql_statement_register(category, &com_statement_info[(int)COM_CLONE + 1],
                           count);
  category = "abstract";
  /*
    Register [COM_QUERY] as "statement/abstract/com_query"
  */
  mysql_statement_register(category, &com_statement_info[(int)COM_QUERY], 1);
  mysql_statement_register(category, &com_statement_info[(int)COM_CLONE], 1);

  /*
    When a new packet is received,
    it is instrumented as "statement/abstract/new_packet".
    Based on the packet type found, it later mutates to the
    proper narrow type, for example
    "statement/abstract/query" or "statement/com/ping".
    In cases of "statement/abstract/query", SQL queries are given to
    the parser, which mutates the statement type to an even more
    narrow classification, for example "statement/sql/select".
  */
  stmt_info_new_packet.m_key = 0;
  stmt_info_new_packet.m_name = "new_packet";
  stmt_info_new_packet.m_flags = PSI_FLAG_MUTABLE;
  stmt_info_new_packet.m_documentation =
      "New packet just received from the network. "
      "At this point, the real command type is unknown, "
      "the type will be refined after reading the packet header.";
  mysql_statement_register(category, &stmt_info_new_packet, 1);

  /*
    Statements processed from the relay log are initially instrumented as
    "statement/abstract/relay_log". The parser will mutate the statement type to
    a more specific classification, for example "statement/sql/insert".
  */
  stmt_info_rpl.m_key = 0;
  stmt_info_rpl.m_name = "relay_log";
  stmt_info_rpl.m_flags = PSI_FLAG_MUTABLE;
  stmt_info_rpl.m_documentation =
      "New event just read from the relay log. "
      "At this point, the real statement type is unknown, "
      "the type will be refined after parsing the event.";
  mysql_statement_register(category, &stmt_info_rpl, 1);
#endif

  /* Common client and server code. */
  init_client_psi_keys();
  /* Vio */
  init_vio_psi_keys();
  /* TLS interfaces */
  init_tls_psi_keys();
}
#endif /* HAVE_PSI_INTERFACE */

bool do_create_native_table_for_pfs(THD *thd, const Plugin_table *t) {
  const char *schema_name = t->get_schema_name();
  const char *table_name = t->get_name();
  MDL_request table_request;
  MDL_REQUEST_INIT(&table_request, MDL_key::TABLE, schema_name, table_name,
                   MDL_EXCLUSIVE, MDL_TRANSACTION);

  if (thd->mdl_context.acquire_lock(&table_request,
                                    thd->variables.lock_wait_timeout)) {
    /* Error, failed to get MDL lock. */
    return true;
  }

  tdc_remove_table(thd, TDC_RT_REMOVE_ALL, schema_name, table_name, false);

  if (dd::create_native_table(thd, t)) {
    /* Error, failed to create DD table. */
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

bool create_native_table_for_pfs(const Plugin_table *t) {
  /* If InnoDB is not initialized yet, return error */
  if (!is_builtin_and_core_se_initialized()) return true;

  THD *thd = current_thd;
  assert(thd);
  return do_create_native_table_for_pfs(thd, t);
}

static bool do_drop_native_table_for_pfs(THD *thd, const char *schema_name,
                                         const char *table_name) {
  MDL_request table_request;
  MDL_REQUEST_INIT(&table_request, MDL_key::TABLE, schema_name, table_name,
                   MDL_EXCLUSIVE, MDL_TRANSACTION);

  if (thd->mdl_context.acquire_lock(&table_request,
                                    thd->variables.lock_wait_timeout)) {
    /* Error, failed to get MDL lock. */
    return true;
  }

  tdc_remove_table(thd, TDC_RT_REMOVE_ALL, schema_name, table_name, false);

  if (dd::drop_native_table(thd, schema_name, table_name)) {
    /* Error, failed to destroy DD table. */
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

bool drop_native_table_for_pfs(const char *schema_name,
                               const char *table_name) {
  /* If server is shutting down, by the time control reaches here, DD would have
   * already been shut down. Therefore return success and tables won't be
   * deleted and would be available at next server start.
   */
  if (get_server_state() == SERVER_SHUTTING_DOWN) {
    return false;
  }

  /* During bootstrap error cleanup, we don't have THD. */
  THD *thd = current_thd;
  if (thd == nullptr) {
    assert(get_server_state() == SERVER_BOOTING);
    return false;
  }
  return do_drop_native_table_for_pfs(thd, schema_name, table_name);
}

#ifdef _WIN32
// update_named_pipe_full_access_group returns false on success, true on failure
bool update_named_pipe_full_access_group(const char *new_group_name) {
  if (named_pipe_acceptor) {
    return named_pipe_listener->update_named_pipe_full_access_group(
        new_group_name);
  }
  return true;
}

#endif  // _WIN32

/**
  Get status partial_revokes on server

  @return a bool indicating partial_revokes status of the server.
    @retval true  Parital revokes is ON
    @retval flase Partial revokes is OFF
*/
bool mysqld_partial_revokes() {
  return partial_revokes.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
}

/**
  Set partial_revokes with a given value

  @param value true or false indicating the status of partial revokes
               turned ON/OFF on server.
*/
void set_mysqld_partial_revokes(bool value) {
  partial_revokes.store(value, std::memory_order_relaxed);
}

/**
  If there exists at least one restrictions on any user,
  then update global variables which track the partial_revokes.

  @param thd  THD handle

  @return a bool indicating partial_revokes status of the server.
    @retval true  Parital revokes exists; updated the global variables.
    @retval false Partial revokes does not exist.
*/
bool check_and_update_partial_revokes_sysvar(THD *thd) {
  if (is_partial_revoke_exists(thd)) {
    MUTEX_LOCK(lock, &LOCK_partial_revokes);
    set_mysqld_partial_revokes(true);
    opt_partial_revokes = true;
    return true;
  }
  return false;
}