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<li><a href="tracing.html" class="nav-tracing">Trace events</a></li>
<li><a href="tty.html" class="nav-tty">TTY</a></li>
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<hr class="line">
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<li><a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node" class="nav-https-github-com-nodejs-node">Code repository and issue tracker</a></li>
</ul></div>
</li>
<li class="picker-header">
<a href="#alt-docs" aria-controls="alt-docs">
<span class="picker-arrow"></span>
Other versions
</a>
<div class="picker" tabindex="-1"><ol id="alt-docs"><li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v23.x/api/https.html">23.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v22.x/api/https.html">22.x <b>LTS</b></a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v21.x/api/https.html">21.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v20.x/api/https.html">20.x <b>LTS</b></a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v19.x/api/https.html">19.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v18.x/api/https.html">18.x <b>LTS</b></a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v17.x/api/https.html">17.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v16.x/api/https.html">16.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v15.x/api/https.html">15.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v14.x/api/https.html">14.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v13.x/api/https.html">13.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v12.x/api/https.html">12.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v11.x/api/https.html">11.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v10.x/api/https.html">10.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v9.x/api/https.html">9.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v8.x/api/https.html">8.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v7.x/api/https.html">7.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v6.x/api/https.html">6.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v5.x/api/https.html">5.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v4.x/api/https.html">4.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v0.12.x/api/https.html">0.12.x</a></li>
<li><a href="https://nodejs.org/docs/latest-v0.10.x/api/https.html">0.10.x</a></li></ol></div>
</li>
<li class="picker-header">
<a href="#options-picker" aria-controls="options-picker">
<span class="picker-arrow"></span>
Options
</a>
<div class="picker" tabindex="-1">
<ul id="options-picker">
<li>
<a href="all.html">View on single page</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https.json">View as JSON</a>
</li>
<li class="edit_on_github"><a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node/edit/main/doc/api/https.md">Edit on GitHub</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<hr>
</header>
<details role="navigation" id="toc" open><summary>Table of contents</summary><ul>
<li><span class="stability_2"><a href="#https">HTTPS</a></span>
<ul>
<li><a href="#determining-if-crypto-support-is-unavailable">Determining if crypto support is unavailable</a></li>
<li><a href="#class-httpsagent">Class: <code>https.Agent</code></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#new-agentoptions"><code>new Agent([options])</code></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#event-keylog">Event: <code>'keylog'</code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#class-httpsserver">Class: <code>https.Server</code></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#serverclosecallback"><code>server.close([callback])</code></a></li>
<li><span class="stability_1"><a href="#serversymbolasyncdispose"><code>server[Symbol.asyncDispose]()</code></a></span></li>
<li><a href="#servercloseallconnections"><code>server.closeAllConnections()</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#servercloseidleconnections"><code>server.closeIdleConnections()</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#serverheaderstimeout"><code>server.headersTimeout</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#serverlisten"><code>server.listen()</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#servermaxheaderscount"><code>server.maxHeadersCount</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#serverrequesttimeout"><code>server.requestTimeout</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#serversettimeoutmsecs-callback"><code>server.setTimeout([msecs][, callback])</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#servertimeout"><code>server.timeout</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#serverkeepalivetimeout"><code>server.keepAliveTimeout</code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#httpscreateserveroptions-requestlistener"><code>https.createServer([options][, requestListener])</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#httpsgetoptions-callback"><code>https.get(options[, callback])</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#httpsgeturl-options-callback"><code>https.get(url[, options][, callback])</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#httpsglobalagent"><code>https.globalAgent</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#httpsrequestoptions-callback"><code>https.request(options[, callback])</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#httpsrequesturl-options-callback"><code>https.request(url[, options][, callback])</code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul></details>
<div role="main" id="apicontent">
<h2>HTTPS<span><a class="mark" href="#https" id="https">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https"></a></h2>
<p></p><div class="api_stability api_stability_2"><a href="documentation.html#stability-index">Stability: 2</a> - Stable</div><p></p>
<p><strong>Source Code:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v22.14.0/lib/https.js">lib/https.js</a></p>
<p>HTTPS is the HTTP protocol over TLS/SSL. In Node.js this is implemented as a
separate module.</p>
<section><h3>Determining if crypto support is unavailable<span><a class="mark" href="#determining-if-crypto-support-is-unavailable" id="determining-if-crypto-support-is-unavailable">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_determining_if_crypto_support_is_unavailable"></a></h3>
<p>It is possible for Node.js to be built without including support for the
<code>node:crypto</code> module. In such cases, attempting to <code>import</code> from <code>https</code> or
calling <code>require('node:https')</code> will result in an error being thrown.</p>
<p>When using CommonJS, the error thrown can be caught using try/catch:</p>
<pre><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> https;
<span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> {
https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
} <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (err) {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'https support is disabled!'</span>);
}</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>When using the lexical ESM <code>import</code> keyword, the error can only be
caught if a handler for <code>process.on('uncaughtException')</code> is registered
<em>before</em> any attempt to load the module is made (using, for instance,
a preload module).</p>
<p>When using ESM, if there is a chance that the code may be run on a build
of Node.js where crypto support is not enabled, consider using the
<a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/import"><code>import()</code></a> function instead of the lexical <code>import</code> keyword:</p>
<pre><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> https;
<span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> {
https = <span class="hljs-keyword">await</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
} <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (err) {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'https support is disabled!'</span>);
}</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
</section><section><h3>Class: <code>https.Agent</code><span><a class="mark" href="#class-httpsagent" id="class-httpsagent">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_class_https_agent"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v5.3.0</td>
<td><p>support <code>0</code> <code>maxCachedSessions</code> to disable TLS session caching.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v2.5.0</td>
<td><p>parameter <code>maxCachedSessions</code> added to <code>options</code> for TLS sessions reuse.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v0.4.5</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v0.4.5</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<p>An <a href="#class-httpsagent"><code>Agent</code></a> object for HTTPS similar to <a href="http.html#class-httpagent"><code>http.Agent</code></a>. See
<a href="#httpsrequestoptions-callback"><code>https.request()</code></a> for more information.</p>
<h4><code>new Agent([options])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#new-agentoptions" id="new-agentoptions">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_new_agent_options"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v12.5.0</td>
<td><p>do not automatically set servername if the target host was specified using an IP address.</p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> Set of configurable options to set on the agent.
Can have the same fields as for <a href="http.html#new-agentoptions"><code>http.Agent(options)</code></a>, and
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>maxCachedSessions</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> maximum number of TLS cached sessions.
Use <code>0</code> to disable TLS session caching. <strong>Default:</strong> <code>100</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>servername</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> the value of
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication">Server Name Indication extension</a> to be sent to the server. Use
empty string <code>''</code> to disable sending the extension.
<strong>Default:</strong> host name of the target server, unless the target server
is specified using an IP address, in which case the default is <code>''</code> (no
extension).</p>
<p>See <a href="tls.html#session-resumption"><code>Session Resumption</code></a> for information about TLS session reuse.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h5>Event: <code>'keylog'</code><span><a class="mark" href="#event-keylog" id="event-keylog">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_event_keylog"></a></h5>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v13.2.0, v12.16.0</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>line</code> <a href="buffer.html#class-buffer" class="type"><Buffer></a> Line of ASCII text, in NSS <code>SSLKEYLOGFILE</code> format.</li>
<li><code>tlsSocket</code> <a href="tls.html#class-tlstlssocket" class="type"><tls.TLSSocket></a> The <code>tls.TLSSocket</code> instance on which it was
generated.</li>
</ul>
<p>The <code>keylog</code> event is emitted when key material is generated or received by a
connection managed by this agent (typically before handshake has completed, but
not necessarily). This keying material can be stored for debugging, as it
allows captured TLS traffic to be decrypted. It may be emitted multiple times
for each socket.</p>
<p>A typical use case is to append received lines to a common text file, which is
later used by software (such as Wireshark) to decrypt the traffic:</p>
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
https.<span class="hljs-property">globalAgent</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'keylog'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">line, tlsSocket</span>) =></span> {
fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">appendFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'/tmp/ssl-keys.log'</span>, line, { <span class="hljs-attr">mode</span>: <span class="hljs-number">0o600</span> });
});</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
</section><section><h3>Class: <code>https.Server</code><span><a class="mark" href="#class-httpsserver" id="class-httpsserver">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_class_https_server"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v0.3.4</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li>Extends: <a href="tls.html#class-tlsserver" class="type"><tls.Server></a></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#class-httpserver"><code>http.Server</code></a> for more information.</p>
<h4><code>server.close([callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serverclosecallback" id="serverclosecallback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_close_callback"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v0.1.90</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>callback</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li>
<li>Returns: <a href="https.html#class-httpsserver" class="type"><https.Server></a></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#serverclosecallback"><code>server.close()</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server[Symbol.asyncDispose]()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serversymbolasyncdispose" id="serversymbolasyncdispose">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_symbol_asyncdispose"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v20.4.0</span>
</div>
<p></p><div class="api_stability api_stability_1"><a href="documentation.html#stability-index">Stability: 1</a> - Experimental</div><p></p>
<p>Calls <a href="#serverclosecallback"><code>server.close()</code></a> and returns a promise that
fulfills when the server has closed.</p>
<h4><code>server.closeAllConnections()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#servercloseallconnections" id="servercloseallconnections">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_closeallconnections"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v18.2.0</span>
</div>
<p>See <a href="http.html#servercloseallconnections"><code>server.closeAllConnections()</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.closeIdleConnections()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#servercloseidleconnections" id="servercloseidleconnections">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_closeidleconnections"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v18.2.0</span>
</div>
<p>See <a href="http.html#servercloseidleconnections"><code>server.closeIdleConnections()</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.headersTimeout</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serverheaderstimeout" id="serverheaderstimeout">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_headerstimeout"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v11.3.0</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>60000</code></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#serverheaderstimeout"><code>server.headersTimeout</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.listen()</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serverlisten" id="serverlisten">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_listen"></a></h4>
<p>Starts the HTTPS server listening for encrypted connections.
This method is identical to <a href="net.html#serverlisten"><code>server.listen()</code></a> from <a href="net.html#class-netserver"><code>net.Server</code></a>.</p>
<h4><code>server.maxHeadersCount</code><span><a class="mark" href="#servermaxheaderscount" id="servermaxheaderscount">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_maxheaderscount"></a></h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>2000</code></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#servermaxheaderscount"><code>server.maxHeadersCount</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.requestTimeout</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serverrequesttimeout" id="serverrequesttimeout">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_requesttimeout"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v18.0.0</td>
<td><p>The default request timeout changed from no timeout to 300s (5 minutes).</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v14.11.0</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v14.11.0</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>300000</code></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#serverrequesttimeout"><code>server.requestTimeout</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.setTimeout([msecs][, callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serversettimeoutmsecs-callback" id="serversettimeoutmsecs-callback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_settimeout_msecs_callback"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v0.11.2</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>msecs</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>120000</code> (2 minutes)</li>
<li><code>callback</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li>
<li>Returns: <a href="https.html#class-httpsserver" class="type"><https.Server></a></li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#serversettimeoutmsecs-callback"><code>server.setTimeout()</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.timeout</code><span><a class="mark" href="#servertimeout" id="servertimeout">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_timeout"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v13.0.0</td>
<td><p>The default timeout changed from 120s to 0 (no timeout).</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v0.11.2</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v0.11.2</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> 0 (no timeout)</li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#servertimeout"><code>server.timeout</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
<h4><code>server.keepAliveTimeout</code><span><a class="mark" href="#serverkeepalivetimeout" id="serverkeepalivetimeout">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_server_keepalivetimeout"></a></h4>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v8.0.0</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#Number_type" class="type"><number></a> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>5000</code> (5 seconds)</li>
</ul>
<p>See <a href="http.html#serverkeepalivetimeout"><code>server.keepAliveTimeout</code></a> in the <code>node:http</code> module.</p>
</section><section><h3><code>https.createServer([options][, requestListener])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpscreateserveroptions-requestlistener" id="httpscreateserveroptions-requestlistener">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_createserver_options_requestlistener"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<span>Added in: v0.3.4</span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> Accepts <code>options</code> from <a href="tls.html#tlscreateserveroptions-secureconnectionlistener"><code>tls.createServer()</code></a>,
<a href="tls.html#tlscreatesecurecontextoptions"><code>tls.createSecureContext()</code></a> and <a href="http.html#httpcreateserveroptions-requestlistener"><code>http.createServer()</code></a>.</li>
<li><code>requestListener</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a> A listener to be added to the <code>'request'</code> event.</li>
<li>Returns: <a href="https.html#class-httpsserver" class="type"><https.Server></a></li>
</ul>
<pre class="with-42-chars"><input class="js-flavor-toggle" type="checkbox" checked aria-label="Show modern ES modules syntax"><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-comment">// curl -k https://localhost:8000/</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { createServer } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { readFileSync } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:fs'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">key</span>: <span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'private-key.pem'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">cert</span>: <span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'certificate.pem'</span>),
};
<span class="hljs-title function_">createServer</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">req, res</span>) =></span> {
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">writeHead</span>(<span class="hljs-number">200</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world\n'</span>);
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">listen</span>(<span class="hljs-number">8000</span>);</code><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-comment">// curl -k https://localhost:8000/</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> fs = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:fs'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">key</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'private-key.pem'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">cert</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'certificate.pem'</span>),
};
https.<span class="hljs-title function_">createServer</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">req, res</span>) =></span> {
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">writeHead</span>(<span class="hljs-number">200</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world\n'</span>);
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">listen</span>(<span class="hljs-number">8000</span>);</code><button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Or</p>
<pre class="with-42-chars"><input class="js-flavor-toggle" type="checkbox" checked aria-label="Show modern ES modules syntax"><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { createServer } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { readFileSync } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:fs'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">pfx</span>: <span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'test_cert.pfx'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">passphrase</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'sample'</span>,
};
<span class="hljs-title function_">createServer</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">req, res</span>) =></span> {
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">writeHead</span>(<span class="hljs-number">200</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world\n'</span>);
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">listen</span>(<span class="hljs-number">8000</span>);</code><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> fs = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:fs'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">pfx</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'test_cert.pfx'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">passphrase</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'sample'</span>,
};
https.<span class="hljs-title function_">createServer</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">req, res</span>) =></span> {
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">writeHead</span>(<span class="hljs-number">200</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'hello world\n'</span>);
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">listen</span>(<span class="hljs-number">8000</span>);</code><button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>To generate the certificate and key for this example, run:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -sha256 -subj <span class="hljs-string">'/CN=localhost'</span> \
-keyout private-key.pem -out certificate.pem</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Then, to generate the <code>pfx</code> certificate for this example, run:</p>
<pre><code class="language-bash">openssl pkcs12 -certpbe AES-256-CBC -<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> -out test_cert.pfx \
-inkey private-key.pem -<span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> certificate.pem -passout pass:sample</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
</section><section><h3><code>https.get(options[, callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpsgetoptions-callback" id="httpsgetoptions-callback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_get_options_callback"></a></h3>
</section><section><h3><code>https.get(url[, options][, callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpsgeturl-options-callback" id="httpsgeturl-options-callback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_get_url_options_callback"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v10.9.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>url</code> parameter can now be passed along with a separate <code>options</code> object.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v7.5.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>options</code> parameter can be a WHATWG <code>URL</code> object.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v0.3.6</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v0.3.6</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>url</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> | <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api" class="type"><URL></a></li>
<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> | <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> | <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api" class="type"><URL></a> Accepts the same <code>options</code> as
<a href="#httpsrequestoptions-callback"><code>https.request()</code></a>, with the method set to GET by default.</li>
<li><code>callback</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li>
</ul>
<p>Like <a href="http.html#httpgetoptions-callback"><code>http.get()</code></a> but for HTTPS.</p>
<p><code>options</code> can be an object, a string, or a <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api"><code>URL</code></a> object. If <code>options</code> is a
string, it is automatically parsed with <a href="url.html#new-urlinput-base"><code>new URL()</code></a>. If it is a <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api"><code>URL</code></a>
object, it will be automatically converted to an ordinary <code>options</code> object.</p>
<pre class="with-36-chars"><input class="js-flavor-toggle" type="checkbox" checked aria-label="Show modern ES modules syntax"><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { get } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> process <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:process'</span>;
<span class="hljs-title function_">get</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'https://encrypted.google.com/'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'headers:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">headers</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {
process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">write</span>(d);
});
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e);
});</code><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
https.<span class="hljs-title function_">get</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'https://encrypted.google.com/'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'headers:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">headers</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {
process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">write</span>(d);
});
}).<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e);
});</code><button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
</section><section><h3><code>https.globalAgent</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpsglobalagent" id="httpsglobalagent">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_globalagent"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v19.0.0</td>
<td><p>The agent now uses HTTP Keep-Alive and a 5 second timeout by default.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v0.5.9</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v0.5.9</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<p>Global instance of <a href="#class-httpsagent"><code>https.Agent</code></a> for all HTTPS client requests. Diverges
from a default <a href="#class-httpsagent"><code>https.Agent</code></a> configuration by having <code>keepAlive</code> enabled and
a <code>timeout</code> of 5 seconds.</p>
</section><section><h3><code>https.request(options[, callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpsrequestoptions-callback" id="httpsrequestoptions-callback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_request_options_callback"></a></h3>
</section><section><h3><code>https.request(url[, options][, callback])</code><span><a class="mark" href="#httpsrequesturl-options-callback" id="httpsrequesturl-options-callback">#</a></span><a aria-hidden="true" class="legacy" id="https_https_request_url_options_callback"></a></h3>
<div class="api_metadata">
<details class="changelog"><summary>History</summary>
<table>
<tbody><tr><th>Version</th><th>Changes</th></tr>
<tr><td>v22.4.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>clientCertEngine</code> option depends on custom engine support in OpenSSL which is deprecated in OpenSSL 3.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v16.7.0, v14.18.0</td>
<td><p>When using a <code>URL</code> object parsed username and password will now be properly URI decoded.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v14.1.0, v13.14.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>highWaterMark</code> option is accepted now.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v10.9.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>url</code> parameter can now be passed along with a separate <code>options</code> object.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v9.3.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>options</code> parameter can now include <code>clientCertEngine</code>.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v7.5.0</td>
<td><p>The <code>options</code> parameter can be a WHATWG <code>URL</code> object.</p></td></tr>
<tr><td>v0.3.6</td>
<td><p><span>Added in: v0.3.6</span></p></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</details>
</div>
<ul>
<li><code>url</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> | <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api" class="type"><URL></a></li>
<li><code>options</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object" class="type"><Object></a> | <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Data_structures#String_type" class="type"><string></a> | <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api" class="type"><URL></a> Accepts all <code>options</code> from
<a href="http.html#httprequestoptions-callback"><code>http.request()</code></a>, with some differences in default values:
<ul>
<li><code>protocol</code> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>'https:'</code></li>
<li><code>port</code> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>443</code></li>
<li><code>agent</code> <strong>Default:</strong> <code>https.globalAgent</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><code>callback</code> <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Function" class="type"><Function></a></li>
<li>Returns: <a href="http.html#class-httpclientrequest" class="type"><http.ClientRequest></a></li>
</ul>
<p>Makes a request to a secure web server.</p>
<p>The following additional <code>options</code> from <a href="tls.html#tlsconnectoptions-callback"><code>tls.connect()</code></a> are also accepted:
<code>ca</code>, <code>cert</code>, <code>ciphers</code>, <code>clientCertEngine</code> (deprecated), <code>crl</code>, <code>dhparam</code>, <code>ecdhCurve</code>,
<code>honorCipherOrder</code>, <code>key</code>, <code>passphrase</code>, <code>pfx</code>, <code>rejectUnauthorized</code>,
<code>secureOptions</code>, <code>secureProtocol</code>, <code>servername</code>, <code>sessionIdContext</code>,
<code>highWaterMark</code>.</p>
<p><code>options</code> can be an object, a string, or a <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api"><code>URL</code></a> object. If <code>options</code> is a
string, it is automatically parsed with <a href="url.html#new-urlinput-base"><code>new URL()</code></a>. If it is a <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api"><code>URL</code></a>
object, it will be automatically converted to an ordinary <code>options</code> object.</p>
<p><code>https.request()</code> returns an instance of the <a href="http.html#class-httpclientrequest"><code>http.ClientRequest</code></a>
class. The <code>ClientRequest</code> instance is a writable stream. If one needs to
upload a file with a POST request, then write to the <code>ClientRequest</code> object.</p>
<pre class="with-37-chars"><input class="js-flavor-toggle" type="checkbox" checked aria-label="Show modern ES modules syntax"><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { request } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> process <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:process'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'encrypted.google.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
};
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = <span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'headers:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">headers</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {
process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">write</span>(d);
});
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e);
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>();</code><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'encrypted.google.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
};
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = https.<span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'headers:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">headers</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {
process.<span class="hljs-property">stdout</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">write</span>(d);
});
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e);
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>();</code><button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Example using options from <a href="tls.html#tlsconnectoptions-callback"><code>tls.connect()</code></a>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'encrypted.google.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">key</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'private-key.pem'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">cert</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'certificate.pem'</span>),
};
options.<span class="hljs-property">agent</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> https.<span class="hljs-title class_">Agent</span>(options);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = https.<span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
});</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Alternatively, opt out of connection pooling by not using an <a href="#class-httpsagent"><code>Agent</code></a>.</p>
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'encrypted.google.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">key</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'private-key.pem'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">cert</span>: fs.<span class="hljs-title function_">readFileSync</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'certificate.pem'</span>),
<span class="hljs-attr">agent</span>: <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>,
};
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = https.<span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
});</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Example using a <a href="url.html#the-whatwg-url-api"><code>URL</code></a> as <code>options</code>:</p>
<pre><code class="language-js"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">URL</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'https://abc:xyz@example.com'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = https.<span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-comment">// ...</span>
});</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Example pinning on certificate fingerprint, or the public key (similar to
<code>pin-sha256</code>):</p>
<pre class="with-47-chars"><input class="js-flavor-toggle" type="checkbox" checked aria-label="Show modern ES modules syntax"><code class="language-js mjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { checkServerIdentity } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:tls'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { <span class="hljs-title class_">Agent</span>, request } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> { createHash } <span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> <span class="hljs-string">'node:crypto'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(<span class="hljs-params">s</span>) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">createHash</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'sha256'</span>).<span class="hljs-title function_">update</span>(s).<span class="hljs-title function_">digest</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'base64'</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'github.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">checkServerIdentity</span>: <span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">host, cert</span>) {
<span class="hljs-comment">// Make sure the certificate is issued to the host we are connected to</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> err = <span class="hljs-title function_">checkServerIdentity</span>(host, cert);
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (err) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> err;
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// Pin the public key, similar to HPKP pin-sha256 pinning</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> pubkey256 = <span class="hljs-string">'SIXvRyDmBJSgatgTQRGbInBaAK+hZOQ18UmrSwnDlK8='</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(cert.<span class="hljs-property">pubkey</span>) !== pubkey256) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> msg = <span class="hljs-string">'Certificate verification error: '</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">`The public key of '<span class="hljs-subst">${cert.subject.CN}</span>' `</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'does not match our pinned fingerprint'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(msg);
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// Pin the exact certificate, rather than the pub key</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> cert256 = <span class="hljs-string">'FD:6E:9B:0E:F3:98:BC:D9:04:C3:B2:EC:16:7A:7B:'</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'0F:DA:72:01:C9:03:C5:3A:6A:6A:E5:D0:41:43:63:EF:65'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span> !== cert256) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> msg = <span class="hljs-string">'Certificate verification error: '</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">`The certificate of '<span class="hljs-subst">${cert.subject.CN}</span>' `</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'does not match our pinned fingerprint'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(msg);
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// This loop is informational only.</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// Print the certificate and public key fingerprints of all certs in the</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// chain. Its common to pin the public key of the issuer on the public</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// internet, while pinning the public key of the service in sensitive</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// environments.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">let</span> lastprint256;
<span class="hljs-keyword">do</span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Subject Common Name:'</span>, cert.<span class="hljs-property">subject</span>.<span class="hljs-property">CN</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">' Certificate SHA256 fingerprint:'</span>, cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> hash = <span class="hljs-title function_">createHash</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'sha256'</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">' Public key ping-sha256:'</span>, <span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(cert.<span class="hljs-property">pubkey</span>));
lastprint256 = cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span>;
cert = cert.<span class="hljs-property">issuerCertificate</span>;
} <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span> !== lastprint256);
},
};
options.<span class="hljs-property">agent</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Agent</span>(options);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = <span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'All OK. Server matched our pinned cert or public key'</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {});
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e.<span class="hljs-property">message</span>);
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>();</code><code class="language-js cjs"><span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> tls = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:tls'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> https = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:https'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> crypto = <span class="hljs-built_in">require</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'node:crypto'</span>);
<span class="hljs-keyword">function</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(<span class="hljs-params">s</span>) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> crypto.<span class="hljs-title function_">createHash</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'sha256'</span>).<span class="hljs-title function_">update</span>(s).<span class="hljs-title function_">digest</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'base64'</span>);
}
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> options = {
<span class="hljs-attr">hostname</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'github.com'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">port</span>: <span class="hljs-number">443</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">path</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'/'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">method</span>: <span class="hljs-string">'GET'</span>,
<span class="hljs-attr">checkServerIdentity</span>: <span class="hljs-keyword">function</span>(<span class="hljs-params">host, cert</span>) {
<span class="hljs-comment">// Make sure the certificate is issued to the host we are connected to</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> err = tls.<span class="hljs-title function_">checkServerIdentity</span>(host, cert);
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (err) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> err;
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// Pin the public key, similar to HPKP pin-sha256 pinning</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> pubkey256 = <span class="hljs-string">'SIXvRyDmBJSgatgTQRGbInBaAK+hZOQ18UmrSwnDlK8='</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (<span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(cert.<span class="hljs-property">pubkey</span>) !== pubkey256) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> msg = <span class="hljs-string">'Certificate verification error: '</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">`The public key of '<span class="hljs-subst">${cert.subject.CN}</span>' `</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'does not match our pinned fingerprint'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(msg);
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// Pin the exact certificate, rather than the pub key</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> cert256 = <span class="hljs-string">'FD:6E:9B:0E:F3:98:BC:D9:04:C3:B2:EC:16:7A:7B:'</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'0F:DA:72:01:C9:03:C5:3A:6A:6A:E5:D0:41:43:63:EF:65'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> (cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span> !== cert256) {
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> msg = <span class="hljs-string">'Certificate verification error: '</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">`The certificate of '<span class="hljs-subst">${cert.subject.CN}</span>' `</span> +
<span class="hljs-string">'does not match our pinned fingerprint'</span>;
<span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-title class_">Error</span>(msg);
}
<span class="hljs-comment">// This loop is informational only.</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// Print the certificate and public key fingerprints of all certs in the</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// chain. Its common to pin the public key of the issuer on the public</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// internet, while pinning the public key of the service in sensitive</span>
<span class="hljs-comment">// environments.</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">do</span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'Subject Common Name:'</span>, cert.<span class="hljs-property">subject</span>.<span class="hljs-property">CN</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">' Certificate SHA256 fingerprint:'</span>, cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span>);
hash = crypto.<span class="hljs-title function_">createHash</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'sha256'</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">' Public key ping-sha256:'</span>, <span class="hljs-title function_">sha256</span>(cert.<span class="hljs-property">pubkey</span>));
lastprint256 = cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span>;
cert = cert.<span class="hljs-property">issuerCertificate</span>;
} <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span> (cert.<span class="hljs-property">fingerprint256</span> !== lastprint256);
},
};
options.<span class="hljs-property">agent</span> = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> https.<span class="hljs-title class_">Agent</span>(options);
<span class="hljs-keyword">const</span> req = https.<span class="hljs-title function_">request</span>(options, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">res</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'All OK. Server matched our pinned cert or public key'</span>);
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">log</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'statusCode:'</span>, res.<span class="hljs-property">statusCode</span>);
res.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'data'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">d</span>) =></span> {});
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">on</span>(<span class="hljs-string">'error'</span>, <span class="hljs-function">(<span class="hljs-params">e</span>) =></span> {
<span class="hljs-variable language_">console</span>.<span class="hljs-title function_">error</span>(e.<span class="hljs-property">message</span>);
});
req.<span class="hljs-title function_">end</span>();</code><button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre>
<p>Outputs for example:</p>
<pre><code class="language-text">Subject Common Name: github.com
Certificate SHA256 fingerprint: FD:6E:9B:0E:F3:98:BC:D9:04:C3:B2:EC:16:7A:7B:0F:DA:72:01:C9:03:C5:3A:6A:6A:E5:D0:41:43:63:EF:65
Public key ping-sha256: SIXvRyDmBJSgatgTQRGbInBaAK+hZOQ18UmrSwnDlK8=
Subject Common Name: Sectigo ECC Domain Validation Secure Server CA
Certificate SHA256 fingerprint: 61:E9:73:75:E9:F6:DA:98:2F:F5:C1:9E:2F:94:E6:6C:4E:35:B6:83:7C:E3:B9:14:D2:24:5C:7F:5F:65:82:5F
Public key ping-sha256: Eep0p/AsSa9lFUH6KT2UY+9s1Z8v7voAPkQ4fGknZ2g=
Subject Common Name: USERTrust ECC Certification Authority
Certificate SHA256 fingerprint: A6:CF:64:DB:B4:C8:D5:FD:19:CE:48:89:60:68:DB:03:B5:33:A8:D1:33:6C:62:56:A8:7D:00:CB:B3:DE:F3:EA
Public key ping-sha256: UJM2FOhG9aTNY0Pg4hgqjNzZ/lQBiMGRxPD5Y2/e0bw=
Subject Common Name: AAA Certificate Services
Certificate SHA256 fingerprint: D7:A7:A0:FB:5D:7E:27:31:D7:71:E9:48:4E:BC:DE:F7:1D:5F:0C:3E:0A:29:48:78:2B:C8:3E:E0:EA:69:9E:F4
Public key ping-sha256: vRU+17BDT2iGsXvOi76E7TQMcTLXAqj0+jGPdW7L1vM=
All OK. Server matched our pinned cert or public key
statusCode: 200</code> <button class="copy-button">copy</button></pre></section>
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