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========================
Compute service overview
========================
.. todo:: Update a lot of the links in here.
Use OpenStack Compute to host and manage cloud computing systems. OpenStack
Compute is a major part of an Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) system. The
main modules are implemented in Python.
OpenStack Compute interacts with OpenStack Identity for authentication;
OpenStack Image service for disk and server images; and OpenStack Dashboard for
the user and administrative interface. Image access is limited by projects, and
by users; quotas are limited per project (the number of instances, for
example). OpenStack Compute can scale horizontally on standard hardware, and
download images to launch instances.
OpenStack Compute consists of the following areas and their components:
``nova-api`` service
Accepts and responds to end user compute API calls. The service supports the
OpenStack Compute API. It enforces some policies and initiates most
orchestration activities, such as running an instance.
``nova-api-metadata`` service
Accepts metadata requests from instances. The ``nova-api-metadata`` service
is generally used when you run in multi-host mode with ``nova-network``
installations. For details, see :ref:`metadata-service-deploy`
in the Compute Administrator Guide.
``nova-compute`` service
A worker daemon that creates and terminates virtual machine instances through
hypervisor APIs. For example:
- XenAPI for XenServer/XCP
- libvirt for KVM or QEMU
- VMwareAPI for VMware
Processing is fairly complex. Basically, the daemon accepts actions from the
queue and performs a series of system commands such as launching a KVM
instance and updating its state in the database.
``nova-placement-api`` service
Tracks the inventory and usage of each provider. For details, see
:doc:`/user/placement`.
``nova-scheduler`` service
Takes a virtual machine instance request from the queue and determines on
which compute server host it runs.
``nova-conductor`` module
Mediates interactions between the ``nova-compute`` service and the database.
It eliminates direct accesses to the cloud database made by the
``nova-compute`` service. The ``nova-conductor`` module scales horizontally.
However, do not deploy it on nodes where the ``nova-compute`` service runs.
For more information, see the ``conductor`` section in the
:doc:`/configuration/config`.
``nova-consoleauth`` daemon
Authorizes tokens for users that console proxies provide. See
``nova-novncproxy`` and ``nova-xvpvncproxy``. This service must be running
for console proxies to work. You can run proxies of either type against a
single nova-consoleauth service in a cluster configuration. For information,
see :ref:`about-nova-consoleauth`.
.. deprecated:: 18.0.0
``nova-consoleauth`` is deprecated since 18.0.0 (Rocky) and will be removed
in an upcoming release.
``nova-novncproxy`` daemon
Provides a proxy for accessing running instances through a VNC connection.
Supports browser-based novnc clients.
``nova-spicehtml5proxy`` daemon
Provides a proxy for accessing running instances through a SPICE connection.
Supports browser-based HTML5 client.
``nova-xvpvncproxy`` daemon
Provides a proxy for accessing running instances through a VNC connection.
Supports an OpenStack-specific Java client.
The queue
A central hub for passing messages between daemons. Usually implemented with
`RabbitMQ <https://www.rabbitmq.com/>`__, also can be implemented with
another AMQP message queue, such as `ZeroMQ <http://www.zeromq.org/>`__.
SQL database
Stores most build-time and run-time states for a cloud infrastructure,
including:
- Available instance types
- Instances in use
- Available networks
- Projects
Theoretically, OpenStack Compute can support any database that SQLAlchemy
supports. Common databases are SQLite3 for test and development work, MySQL,
MariaDB, and PostgreSQL.
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