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--
-- (C) 2019-22 - ntop.org
--
local lists_utils = {}
local dirs = ntop.getDirs()
package.path = dirs.installdir .. "/scripts/lua/modules/?.lua;" .. package.path
local os_utils = require("os_utils")
local categories_utils = require("categories_utils")
local json = require("dkjson")
local alerts_api = require("alerts_api")
local alert_severities = require "alert_severities"
local alert_consts = require "alert_consts"
-- ##############################################
-- NOTE: metadata and status are handled as separate keys.
-- Metadata can only be updated by the gui, whereas status can only be
-- updated by housekeeping. This avoid concurrency issues.
local METADATA_KEY = "ntopng.prefs.category_lists.metadata"
local STATUS_KEY = "ntopng.prefs.category_lists.status"
local trace_level = TRACE_INFO -- TRACE_NORMAL
local CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MINING = 99
local CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE = 100
local CUSTOM_CATEGORY_ADVERTISEMENT = 101
local DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL = 86400
local MAX_LIST_ERRORS = 2
local MIN_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL = 3600
local SIXH_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL = 21600
-- IP addresses have very litte impact on memory/load time.
-- 150k IP addresses rules can be loaded in 2 seconds
local MAX_TOTAL_IP_RULES = 1000000
-- Domain rules are the most expensive.
-- On average they take ~7.5 KB/domain. 40k rules are loaded in about 7 seconds.
local MAX_TOTAL_DOMAIN_RULES = 90000
-- JA3 rules use hash tables, so they are fast to load
local MAX_TOTAL_JA3_RULES = 200000
local is_nedge = ntop.isnEdge()
-- supported formats: ip, domain, hosts
--
-- Examples:
-- [ip] 1.2.3.4
-- [ip] 1.2.3.0/24
-- [domain] amalwaredomain.com
-- [hosts] 127.0.0.1 amalwaredomain.com
-- [hosts] 127.0.0.1 1.2.3.4
--
local BUILTIN_LISTS = {
["ntop IP Malware Meltdown"] = {
url = "http://blacklists.ntop.org/blacklist-ip.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "ip",
enabled = false,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["ntop Host Malware Meltdown"] = {
url = "http://blacklists.ntop.org/blacklist-hostnames.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "domain",
enabled = false,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["Emerging Threats"] = {
url = "https://rules.emergingthreats.net/fwrules/emerging-Block-IPs.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "ip",
enabled = true,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["Snort IP Block List"] = {
url = "https://snort.org/downloads/ip-block-list",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "ip",
enabled = false,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["Feodo Tracker Botnet C2 IP Blocklist"] = {
url = "https://feodotracker.abuse.ch/downloads/ipblocklist.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "ip",
enabled = true,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["SSLBL Botnet C2 IP Blacklist"] = {
url = "https://sslbl.abuse.ch/blacklist/sslipblacklist.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "ip",
enabled = true,
update_interval = SIXH_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL,
}, ["Anti-WebMiner"] = {
url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/greatis/Anti-WebMiner/master/hosts",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MINING,
format = "hosts",
enabled = false,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["NoCoin Filter List"] = {
url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hoshsadiq/adblock-nocoin-list/master/hosts.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MINING,
format = "hosts",
enabled = true,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["Abuse.ch URLhaus"] = {
url = "https://urlhaus.abuse.ch/downloads/hostfile/",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
format = "hosts",
enabled = true,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["Disconnect.me Simple Ad List"] = {
url = "https://s3.amazonaws.com/lists.disconnect.me/simple_ad.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_ADVERTISEMENT,
format = "domain",
enabled = is_nedge,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["AdAway default blocklist"] = {
url = "https://adaway.org/hosts.txt",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_ADVERTISEMENT,
format = "hosts",
enabled = is_nedge,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}, ["SSLBL JA3"] = {
url = "https://sslbl.abuse.ch/blacklist/ja3_fingerprints.csv",
format = "ja3_suricata_csv",
category = CUSTOM_CATEGORY_MALWARE,
enabled = false,
update_interval = DEFAULT_UPDATE_INTERVAL,
}
}
-- ##############################################
local function loadListsFromRedis()
local lists_metadata = ntop.getPref(METADATA_KEY)
local lists_status = ntop.getPref(STATUS_KEY)
if isEmptyString(lists_status) then
return {}
end
local status = json.decode(lists_status)
local lists = {}
if not isEmptyString(lists_metadata) then
lists = json.decode(lists_metadata)
end
lists = table.merge(BUILTIN_LISTS, lists)
if((lists == nil) or (status == nil)) then
return {}
end
for list_name, list in pairs(lists) do
if status[list_name] then
list.status = status[list_name]
end
end
return lists
end
-- ##############################################
-- @brief save the lists stats and other status to redis.
-- @note see saveListsMetadataToRedis for user preferences information
local function saveListsStatusToRedis(lists, caller)
local status = {}
for list_name, list in pairs(lists or {}) do
status[list_name] = list.status
end
ntop.setPref(STATUS_KEY, json.encode(status))
end
-- ##############################################
-- @brief save the lists user preferences to redis.
-- @note see saveListsStatusToRedis for the list status
local function saveListsMetadataToRedis(lists)
local metadata = {}
for list_name, list in pairs(lists or {}) do
local default_prefs = BUILTIN_LISTS[list_name]
local meta = {}
local has_custom_pref = false
-- Only save the preferences that differ from the default configuration
for key, val in pairs(list) do
if((key ~= "status") and (default_prefs[key] ~= val)) then
meta[key] = val
has_custom_pref = true
end
end
if(has_custom_pref) then
metadata[list_name] = meta
end
end
ntop.setPref(METADATA_KEY, json.encode(metadata))
end
-- ##############################################
function lists_utils.getCategoryLists()
-- TODO add support for user defined urls
local lists = {}
local redis_lists = loadListsFromRedis()
local default_status = {last_update=0, num_hosts=0, last_error=false, num_errors=0}
for key, default_values in pairs(BUILTIN_LISTS) do
local list = table.merge(default_values, redis_lists[key] or {status = {}})
list.status = table.merge(default_status, list.status)
lists[key] = list
list.name = key
end
return lists
end
-- ##############################################
function lists_utils.editList(list_name, metadata_override)
local lists = lists_utils.getCategoryLists()
local list = lists[list_name]
if(not list) then
return false
end
local was_triggered = (list.enabled ~= metadata_override.enabled)
list = table.merge(list, metadata_override)
lists[list_name] = list
saveListsMetadataToRedis(lists)
-- Trigger a reload, for example for disabled lists
lists_utils.downloadLists()
if(was_triggered) then
-- Must reload the lists as a list was enabled/disabaled
lists_utils.reloadLists()
end
end
-- ##############################################
-- Force a single list reload
function lists_utils.updateList(list_name)
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name, "1")
lists_utils.downloadLists()
end
-- ##############################################
local function initListCacheDir()
ntop.mkdir(os_utils.fixPath(string.format("%s/category_lists", dirs.workingdir)))
end
local function getListCacheFile(list_name, downloading)
local f = string.format("%s/category_lists/%s.txt", dirs.workingdir, list_name)
if downloading then
f = string.format("%s.new", f)
end
return os_utils.fixPath(f)
end
-- ##############################################
local function getNextListUpdate(list)
local interval
if(list.status.last_error and (list.status.num_errors < MAX_LIST_ERRORS)) then
-- When the download fails, retry next hour
interval = MIN_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL
else
interval = list.update_interval
end
local next_update
-- align if possible
if interval == 0 then
next_update = -1
elseif interval == 3600 then
next_update = ntop.roundTime(list.status.last_update, 3600, false)
elseif interval == 86400 then
next_update = ntop.roundTime(list.status.last_update, 86400, true --[[ UTC align ]])
else
if(interval < MIN_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL) then interval = MIN_DOWNLOAD_INTERVAL end
next_update = list.status.last_update + interval
end
return next_update
end
-- Returns true if the given list should be updated
function shouldUpdate(list_name, list, now)
local list_file
local next_update
if(list.enabled == false) then
return(false)
end
list_file = getListCacheFile(list_name, false)
next_update = getNextListUpdate(list, now)
if next_update == -1 then
return ((not ntop.exists(list_file) and (list.status.num_errors < MAX_LIST_ERRORS)) or
(ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name) == "1"))
end
if(false) then
tprint('---------------')
tprint(list_file)
tprint('-')
tprint(ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name))
tprint('-')
tprint(list)
tprint('---------------')
tprint(((now >= next_update) or
(not ntop.exists(list_file) and (list.status.num_errors < MAX_LIST_ERRORS)) or
(ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name) == "1")))
return(false)
else
-- note: num_errors is used to avoid retying downloading the same list again when
-- the file does not exist
return(((now >= next_update) or
(not ntop.exists(list_file) and (list.status.num_errors < MAX_LIST_ERRORS)) or
(ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name) == "1")))
end
end
-- ##############################################
-- Check if the lists require an update
-- Returns a table:
-- in_progress: true if the update is still in progress and checkListsUpdate should be called again
-- needs_reload: if in_progress is false, then needs_reload indicates if some lists were updated and a reload is needed
local function checkListsUpdate(timeout)
local lists = lists_utils.getCategoryLists()
local begin_time = os.time()
local now = begin_time
local needs_reload = (ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.needs_reload") == "1")
local all_processed = true
initListCacheDir()
for list_name, list in pairsByKeys(lists) do
local list_file = getListCacheFile(list_name, false)
if(shouldUpdate(list_name, list, now)) then
local temp_fname = getListCacheFile(list_name, true)
local msg = string.format("Updating list '%s' [%s]... ", list_name, list.url)
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_INFO, string.format("Updating list '%s'... ", list_name))
local started_at = os.time()
local res = ntop.httpFetch(list.url, temp_fname, timeout)
if(res and (res["RESPONSE_CODE"] == 200)) then
-- download was successful, replace the original file
os.rename(temp_fname, list_file)
list.status.last_error = false
list.status.num_errors = 0
needs_reload = true
local alert = alert_consts.alert_types.alert_list_download_succeeded.new(
list_name
)
alert:set_score_notice()
alert:store(alerts_api.systemEntity(list_name))
msg = msg .. "OK"
else
-- failure
local respcode = 0
local last_error = i18n("delete_data.msg_err_unknown")
if res and res["ERROR"] then
last_error = res["ERROR"]
elseif res and res["RESPONSE_CODE"] ~= nil then
respcode = ternary(res["RESPONSE_CODE"], res["RESPONSE_CODE"], "-")
if res["IS_PARTIAL"] then
last_error = i18n("category_lists.connection_time_out", {duration=(os.time() - started_at)})
else
last_error = i18n("category_lists.server_returned_error")
end
if(respcode > 0) then
last_error = string.format("%s %s", last_error, i18n("category_lists.http_code", {err_code = respcode}))
end
end
list.status.last_error = last_error
list.status.num_errors = list.status.num_errors + 1
local alert = alert_consts.alert_types.alert_list_download_failed.new(
list_name,
last_error
)
alert:set_score_error()
alert:store(alerts_api.systemEntity(list_name))
msg = msg .. "ERROR ["..last_error.."]"
end
traceError(TRACE_NORMAL, TRACE_CONSOLE, msg)
now = os.time()
-- set last_update even on failure to avoid blocking on the same list again
list.status.last_update = now
ntop.delCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.update." .. list_name)
if now-begin_time >= timeout then
-- took too long, will resume on next housekeeping execution
all_processed = false
break
end
end
end
-- update lists state
saveListsStatusToRedis(lists, "checkListsUpdate")
if(not all_processed) then
-- Still in progress, do not mark as finished yet
if(needs_reload) then
-- cache this for the next invocation of checkListsUpdate as
-- we are still in progress
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.needs_reload", "1")
end
return {
in_progress = true
}
else
ntop.delCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.needs_reload")
return {
in_progress = false,
needs_reload = needs_reload,
}
end
end
-- ##############################################
local cur_load_warnings = 0
local max_load_warnings = 50
local function loadWarning(msg)
if(cur_load_warnings >= max_load_warnings) then
return
end
traceError(TRACE_WARNING, TRACE_CONSOLE, msg)
cur_load_warnings = cur_load_warnings + 1
end
--@return nil on parse error, "domain" if the loaded item is an host, "ip" otherwise
local function loadListItem(host, category, user_custom_categories, list, num_line)
category = tonumber(category)
-- Checking for "whitelisted hosts" (Format: !<host>)
if string.sub(host, 1, 1) == "!" then
return nil
end
if category ~= nil then
--traceError(TRACE_NORMAL, TRACE_CONSOLE, host .. " -> " .. category)
-- Checking for "whitelisted hosts"
if user_custom_categories[category] ~= nil then
local hosts_map = swapKeysValues(user_custom_categories[category])
if hosts_map["!"..host] ~= nil then
return nil
end
end
if isIPv4(host) or isIPv4Network(host) then
-- IPv4 address
if((not list) or (list.format ~= "domain")) then
if((host == "0.0.0.0") or (host == "0.0.0.0/0") or (host == "255.255.255.255")) then
loadWarning(string.format("Bad IPv4 address '%s' in list '%s'", host, list.name))
else
ntop.loadCustomCategoryIp(host, category)
return "ip"
end
else
loadWarning(string.format("Invalid IPv4 address '%s' in list '%s'", host, list.name))
end
elseif isIPv6(host) then
-- IPv6 address
loadWarning(string.format("Unsupported IPv6 address '%s' found in list '%s'", host, list.name))
else
-- Domain
if((not list) or (list.format ~= "ip")) then
ntop.loadCustomCategoryHost(host, category)
return "domain"
else
loadWarning(string.format("Invalid domain '%s' in list '%s'", host, list.name))
end
end
end
return nil
end
-- ##############################################
local function parse_hosts_line(line)
local words = string.split(line, "%s+")
local host = nil
if(words and (#words == 2)) then
host = words[2]
if((host == "localhost") or (host == "127.0.0.1") or (host == "::1")) then
host = nil
end
else
-- invalid host
host = nil
end
return(host)
end
-- ##############################################
local function handle_ja3_suricata_csv_line(line)
local parts = string.split(line, ",")
if((parts ~= nil) and (#parts >= 1)) then
local md5_hash = parts[1]
if(string.len(md5_hash) == 32) then
ntop.loadMaliciousJA3Hash(string.lower(md5_hash))
return(true)
end
end
return(false)
end
-- ##############################################
-- Loads hosts from a list file on disk
local function loadFromListFile(list_name, list, user_custom_categories, stats)
local list_fname = getListCacheFile(list_name)
local num_rules = 0
local limit_exceeded = false
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("Loading '%s' [%s]...", list_name, list.format))
if list.format == "ja3_suricata_csv" then
-- Load the signatures file in nDPI
local n = ntop.loadMaliciousJA3Signatures(list_fname)
if n >= 0 then
stats.num_ja3 = stats.num_ja3 + n
num_rules = num_rules + n
else -- Failure
if list.status.num_hosts > 0 then
-- Avoid generating warnings during first startup
traceError(TRACE_WARNING, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("Could not find '%s'...", list_fname))
end
return(false)
end
else
local f = io.open(list_fname, "r")
local num_line = 0
if f == nil then
if list.status.num_hosts > 0 then
-- Avoid generating warnings during first startup
traceError(TRACE_WARNING, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("Could not find '%s'...", list_fname))
end
return(false)
end
for line in f:lines() do
num_line = num_line + 1
if ntop.isShutdown() then
break
end
local trimmed = line:match("^%s*(.-)%s*$")
if((string.len(trimmed) > 0) and not(string.starts(trimmed, "#"))) then
local host = trimmed
if list.format == "hosts" then
host = parse_hosts_line(trimmed)
end
if host then
local rv = loadListItem(host, list.category, user_custom_categories, list, num_line)
if(rv == "domain") then
stats.num_hosts = stats.num_hosts + 1
num_rules = num_rules + 1
elseif(rv == "ip") then
stats.num_ips = stats.num_ips + 1
num_rules = num_rules + 1
end
end
if((stats.num_ips >= MAX_TOTAL_IP_RULES) or
(stats.num_hosts >= MAX_TOTAL_DOMAIN_RULES) or
(stats.num_ja3 >= MAX_TOTAL_JA3_RULES)) then
limit_exceeded = true
break
end
end
end
f:close()
end
list.status.num_hosts = num_rules
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("\tRead '%d' rules", num_rules))
if((num_rules == 0) and (not limit_exceeded) and (not ntop.isShutdown())) then
traceError(TRACE_WARNING, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("List '%s' has 0 rules. Please report this to https://github.com/ntop/ntopng", list_name))
end
return(limit_exceeded)
end
-- ##############################################
-- NOTE: this must be executed in the same thread as checkListsUpdate
local function reloadListsNow()
local user_custom_categories = categories_utils.getAllCustomCategoryHosts()
local lists = lists_utils.getCategoryLists()
local stats = {num_hosts = 0, num_ips = 0, num_ja3 = 0, begin = os.time(), duration = 0}
local limit_reached_error = nil
if(not ntop.initnDPIReload()) then
-- Too early, need to retry later
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("custom categories: too early reload"))
return(false)
end
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_CONSOLE, string.format("custom categories: reloading now"))
-- Load hosts from cached URL lists
for list_name, list in pairsByKeys(lists) do
if list.enabled then
if((not limit_reached_error) and loadFromListFile(list_name, list, user_custom_categories, stats)) then
-- A limit was exceeded
if(stats.num_ips >= MAX_TOTAL_IP_RULES) then
limit_reached_error = i18n("category_lists.too_many_ips_loaded", {limit = MAX_TOTAL_IP_RULES}) ..
". " .. i18n("category_lists.disable_some_list")
elseif(stats.num_hosts >= MAX_TOTAL_DOMAIN_RULES) then
limit_reached_error = i18n("category_lists.too_many_hosts_loaded", {limit = MAX_TOTAL_DOMAIN_RULES}) ..
". " .. i18n("category_lists.disable_some_list")
elseif(stats.num_ja3 >= MAX_TOTAL_JA3_RULES) then
limit_reached_error = i18n("category_lists.too_many_ja3_loaded", {limit = MAX_TOTAL_JA3_RULES}) ..
". " .. i18n("category_lists.disable_some_list")
else
-- should never happen
limit_reached_error = "reloadListsNow: unknown error"
end
-- Continue to iterate to also set the error on the next lists
traceError(TRACE_WARNING, TRACE_CONSOLE, limit_reached_error)
end
if(limit_reached_error) then
-- Set the invalid status to show it into the gui
list.status.last_error = limit_reached_error
traceError(trace_level, TRACE_CONSOLE, limit_reached_error)
end
end
end
-- update lists state
saveListsStatusToRedis(lists, "reloadListsNow")
-- Load user-customized categories
for category_id, hosts in pairs(user_custom_categories) do
for _, host in ipairs(hosts) do
if ntop.isShutdown() then
break
end
loadListItem(host, category_id, user_custom_categories, {} --[[ No list --]], 0 --[[ No line number --]])
end
end
-- Reload into memory
ntop.finalizenDPIReload()
-- Calculate stats
stats.duration = (os.time() - stats.begin)
traceError(TRACE_NORMAL, TRACE_CONSOLE,
string.format("Category Lists (%u hosts, %u IPs, %u JA3) loaded in %d sec",
stats.num_hosts, stats.num_ips, stats.num_ja3, stats.duration))
-- Save the stats
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.category_lists.load_stats", json.encode(stats))
return(true)
end
-- ##############################################
-- This avoids waiting for lists reload
function lists_utils.reloadLists()
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.reload_lists_utils", "1")
end
-- This is necessary to avoid concurrency issues
function lists_utils.downloadLists()
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.download_lists_utils", "1")
end
-- ##############################################
-- This is run in housekeeping.lua
function lists_utils.checkReloadLists()
if ntop.isOffline() then
return
end
local forced_reload = (ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.reload_lists_utils") == "1")
local reload_now = false
if(ntop.getCache("ntopng.cache.download_lists_utils") == "1") then
local rv = checkListsUpdate(60 --[[ timeout ]])
if(not rv.in_progress) then
ntop.delCache("ntopng.cache.download_lists_utils")
reload_now = forced_reload or rv.needs_reload
end
else
reload_now = forced_reload
end
-- print("[DEBUG] Checking reload [") if(reload_now) then print("reload now") else print("don't reload") end print("] !!!!\n")
if reload_now then
-- print("[DEBUG] **** Reloading ****\n")
if reloadListsNow() then
-- print("[DEBUG] Success !!!!\n")
-- success
ntop.delCache("ntopng.cache.reload_lists_utils")
else
-- print("[DEBUG] ERROR !!!!\n")
-- Remember to load the lists next time
ntop.setCache("ntopng.cache.reload_lists_utils", "1")
end
-- print("[DEBUG] **** Reloading is over ****\n")
end
end
-- ##############################################
function lists_utils.startup()
traceError(TRACE_NORMAL, TRACE_CONSOLE, "Refreshing category lists...")
lists_utils.downloadLists()
lists_utils.reloadLists()
-- Need to do the actual reload also here as otherwise some
-- flows may be misdetected until housekeeping.lua is executed
lists_utils.checkReloadLists()
end
-- ##############################################
return lists_utils
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