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Code Coverage for Compiled Code
===============================
Numba, a just-in-time compiler for Python, transforms Python code into machine
code for optimized execution. This process, however, poses a challenge for
traditional code coverage tools, as they typically operate within the Python
interpreter and thus miss the lines of code compiled by Numba. To address this
issue, Numba opts for a compile-time notification to coverage tools, rather than
during execution, to minimize performance penalties. This approach helps prevent
significant coverage gaps in projects utilizing Numba, without incurring
substantial performance costs.
No additional effort is required to generate compile-time coverage data. By
running a Numba application under the ``coverage`` tool
(e.g. ``coverage run ...``), the compiler automatically
detects the active coverage session and emits data accordingly. This mechanism
ensures that coverage data is generated seamlessly, without the need for manual
intervention.
The coverage data is emitted during the lowering phase, which involves the
generation of LLVM-IR. This phase inherently excludes lines of code that are
statically identified as dead code, ensuring that the coverage data accurately
reflects the executable code paths.
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