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<title>Hexadecimal Integer Numbers</title>
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<hr>
<h1>Hexadecimal Integer Numbers</h1>
<hr>
<p>XLISP provides the <a href="../manual/xlisp.htm#hexadecimal">#x</a>
<nobr>read-macro</nobr> for hexadecimal numbers:</p>
<pre class="example">
#x0 => 0 #x8 => 8 #x10 => 16
#x1 => 1 #x9 => 9 #x11 => 17
#x2 => 2 #xa => 10 #x12 => 18
#x3 => 3 #xb => 11 #x13 => 19
#x4 => 4 #xc => 12 #x14 => 20
#x5 => 5 #xd => 13 #x15 => 21
#x6 => 6 #xe => 14 #x16 => 22
#x7 => 7 #xf => 15 #x17 => 23
</pre>
<p><div class="box">
<dl>
<dt>(<b>hex-string</b> <i>integer</i> [<i>all</i>])</dt>
<dd><i>integer</i> - an integer expression<br>
<i>all</i> - a boolean expression<br>
returns - the <i>integer</i> in hexadecimal form as string</dd>
</dl>
</div></p>
<pre class="example">
(defun <font color="#0000CC">hex-string</font> (integer &optional all)
(if (integerp integer)
(let ((fmt (if all
(or (dolist (bits '(16 32 64 128) nil)
(let ((fixnum (round (expt 2.0 (1- bits)))))
(and (plusp (1- fixnum))
(minusp fixnum)
(return (format nil <font color="#880000">"%.~ax"</font> (/ bits 4))))))
(error <font color="#880000">"integer limit not found"</font>))
<font color="#880000">"%x"</font>)))
(progv '(<font color="#AA5500">*integer-format*</font>) (list fmt)
(format nil <font color="#880000">"~a"</font> integer)))
(error <font color="#880000">"not an integer"</font> integer)))
</pre>
<p>The '<nobr>hex-string</nobr>' function converts the 'integer' argument
into hexadecimal form and returns is as a string. <nobr>If the</nobr>
optional 'all' argument is not given or
<a href="../reference/nil.htm">NIL</a>, leading zeros are not included in
the string. <nobr>If the</nobr> optional 'all' argument is
<nobr>non-<a href="../reference/nil.htm">NIL</a></nobr>, all digits of the
internal representation of the 'integer' argument, including leading zeros,
are contained in the string. This is useful for debugging integer overflow
and <nobr>bit-wise</nobr> functions.</p>
<p><div class="box">
<dl>
<dt>(<b>hex</b> <i>integer</i> [<i>all</i>])</dt>
<dd><i>integer</i> - an integer expression<br>
<i>all</i> - a boolean expression<br>
prints - the <i>integer</i> in hexadecimal form<br>
returns - the <i>integer</i> argument</dd>
</dl>
</div></p>
<pre class="example">
(defun <font color="#0000CC">hex</font> (integer &optional all)
(if (integerp integer)
(format t <font color="#880000">"#x~a~%"</font> (hex-string integer all))
(format t <font color="#880000">";; not an integer~%"</font>))
integer)
</pre>
<p>The 'hex' function prints the 'integer' argument in hexadecimal form on
the screen. Together with the
<a href="../manual/xlisp.htm#hexadecimal">#x</a> <nobr>read-macro</nobr>
this can be used for interactive hexadecimal computations.</p>
<pre class="example">
> (hex 12345678)
#xbc614e
12345678
> (hex (+ #x1f #xa3))
#xc2
194
</pre>
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