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/* Copyright 2009 Gary Briggs
This file is part of obdgpslogger.
obdgpslogger is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
obdgpslogger is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with obdgpslogger. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/** \file
\brief serial stuff
*/
// Code and ideas borrowed in places from
// http://easysw.com/~mike/serial/serial.html
#include "obdserial.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <termios.h>
/// What to use as the obd newline char in commands
#define OBDCMD_NEWLINE "\r"
/// Whether serial data is into pc, or out from pc
#define SERIAL_IN 0
#define SERIAL_OUT 1
/// Handle to the serial log
static FILE *seriallog = NULL;
/// Guess the baudrate
/** return -1 on error, or baudrate on success */
static long guessbaudrate(int fd);
/// Upgrade the baudrate
/** \param baudrate_target 0 to guess, -1 to disable, specified number for >0
\return -1 on error, or baudrate on success */
static long upgradebaudrate(int fd, long baudrate_target, long current_baudrate);
/// Write to the log
static void appendseriallog(const char *line, int out) {
if(NULL != seriallog) {
char timestr[200];
time_t t;
struct tm *tmp;
t = time(NULL);
tmp = localtime(&t);
if (tmp == NULL) {
snprintf(timestr, sizeof(timestr), "Unknown time");
}
if (strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), "%H:%M:%S", tmp) == 0) {
snprintf(timestr, sizeof(timestr), "Unknown time");
}
fprintf(seriallog, "%s(%s): '%s'\n", timestr, out==SERIAL_OUT?"out":"in", line);
fflush(seriallog);
}
}
/// Collect data up to the next prompt
/** Reads up to the next '>'
\param buf buffer to fill
\param n size of buf
\return number of bytes put in buf, or -1 on error
*/
int readserialdata(int fd, char *buf, int n) {
char *bufptr = buf; // current position in buf
struct timeval start,curr; // For timing out
if(0 != gettimeofday(&start, NULL)) {
perror("Couldn't gettimeofday");
return -1;
}
memset((void *)buf, '\0', n);
int retval = 0; // Value to return
int nbytes; // Number of bytes read
do {
nbytes = read(fd, bufptr, buf+n-bufptr-1);
if(-1 == nbytes && EAGAIN != errno) {
perror("Error in readserialdata");
}
if(-1 != nbytes) {
// printf("Read bytes '%s'\n", bufptr);
retval += nbytes; // Increment bytecount
bufptr += nbytes; // Move pointer forward
}
if(0 != gettimeofday(&curr, NULL)) {
perror("Couldn't gettimeofday");
return -1;
}
if(OBDCOMM_TIMEOUT < 1000000l*(curr.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) +
(curr.tv_usec - start.tv_usec)) {
printf("Timeout!\n");
return -1;
}
} while (retval == 0 || bufptr[-1] != '>');
appendseriallog(buf, SERIAL_IN);
return retval;
}
/// Throw away all data until the next prompt
void readtonextprompt(int fd) {
char retbuf[4096]; // Buffer to store returned stuff
readserialdata(fd, retbuf, sizeof(retbuf));
}
// Blindly send a command and throw away all data to next prompt
/**
\param cmd command to send
\param no_response if we don't read to next prompt [ie, on exit]
\param fd file descriptor
*/
void blindcmd(int fd, const char *cmd, int no_response) {
char outstr[1024];
snprintf(outstr, sizeof(outstr), "%s%s\0", cmd, OBDCMD_NEWLINE);
appendseriallog(outstr, SERIAL_OUT);
write(fd,outstr, strlen(outstr));
if(0 != no_response) {
sleep(1);
readtonextprompt(fd);
}
}
int openserial(const char *portfilename, long baudrate, long baudrate_target) {
struct termios options;
int fd;
fprintf(stderr,"Opening serial port %s, this can take a while\n", portfilename);
fd = open(portfilename, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY);
// fd = open(portfilename, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
if(fd == -1) {
perror(portfilename);
} else {
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, 0);
// Get the current options for the port
tcgetattr(fd, &options);
options.c_cflag |= (CLOCAL | CREAD);
options.c_lflag &= !(ICANON | ECHO | ECHOE | ISIG);
options.c_oflag &= !(OPOST);
options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
options.c_cc[VTIME] = 100;
tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options);
long current_baud = 9600;
if(0 != modifybaud(fd, baudrate)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error modifying baudrate. Continuing, but may suffer issues\n");
} else {
if(baudrate != 0)
current_baud = baudrate;
}
// Reset the device. Some software changes settings and then leaves it
blindcmd(fd,"ATZ",1);
// printf("Baudrate upgrader disabled\n");
if(0 > upgradebaudrate(fd, baudrate_target, current_baud)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error upgrading baudrate. Continuing, but may suffer issues\n");
}
// Now some churn to get everything up and running.
// Do a general cmd that all obd-devices support
// Do this once in case we have a partially-written command somehow
blindcmd(fd,"0100",1);
// Disable command echo [elm327]
blindcmd(fd,"ATE0",1);
// Disable linefeeds [an extra byte of speed can't hurt]
blindcmd(fd,"ATL0",1);
// Don't insert spaces [readability is for ugly bags of mostly water]
blindcmd(fd,"ATS0",1);
// Then do it again to make sure the command really worked
blindcmd(fd,"0100",1);
}
return fd;
}
void closeserial(int fd) {
blindcmd(fd,"ATZ",0);
close(fd);
}
static long attempt_upgradebaudrate(int fd, long rate, long previousrate) {
char brd_cmd[64];
int timeout = 500; // this many ms
int brt_val = timeout / 5; // ATBRT wants it in increments of five ms
char brt_cmd[64];
snprintf(brt_cmd, sizeof(brt_cmd), "ATBRT%02X", brt_val);
blindcmd(fd, brt_cmd, 1);
// printf("%s\n", brt_cmd);
int brd_val = 4000000l/rate;
snprintf(brd_cmd, sizeof(brd_cmd), "ATBRD%02X" OBDCMD_NEWLINE, brd_val);
printf("%li [%02X]:", rate, brd_val);
int nbytes = write(fd, brd_cmd, strlen(brd_cmd));
if(-1 == nbytes) {
printf("\n");
perror("Error writing to serial port upgrading baudrate");
return -1;
}
char elm_response[64];
memset(elm_response, '\0', sizeof(elm_response));
int readcount = 0;
while(NULL == strstr(elm_response, "?") && NULL == strstr(elm_response, "OK")) {
nbytes = read(fd, elm_response+readcount, sizeof(elm_response)-readcount);
// printf("Read \"%s\", %i\n", elm_response, readcount);
if(-1 == nbytes && errno != EAGAIN) {
printf("\n");
perror("Error reading[1] from serial port upgrading baudrate");
return -1;
}
if(-1 != nbytes) {
readcount += nbytes;
}
}
// printf("\nreadcount: %i: \"%s\"\n", readcount, elm_response);
if(NULL != strstr(elm_response, "OK")) {
// printf("got OK");
if(-1 == modifybaud(fd,rate)) {
printf("Error modifying baudrate to %li\n", rate);
return -1;
}
char elm_response2[256];
memset(elm_response2, '\0', sizeof(elm_response2));
// usleep(timeout * 1000); // Give it a chance to upgrade
struct timeval start,end;
gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
int readcount2 = 0;
while(readcount2 < 5 && NULL == strstr(elm_response2,">")) {
nbytes = read(fd, elm_response2 + readcount2, sizeof(elm_response2)-readcount2);
if(-1 == nbytes && EAGAIN != errno) {
perror("Error reading[2] from serial port upgrading baudrate");
modifybaud(fd,previousrate);
return -1;
}
gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
long timediff = (end.tv_sec-start.tv_sec)*1000000l + (end.tv_usec-start.tv_usec);
if(2000l*timeout < timediff) {
printf("timed out\n");
break;
}
if(-1 != nbytes) {
readcount2 += nbytes;
}
}
// printf("\n\"%s\"\n", elm_response2);
if(NULL != strstr(elm_response2, "ELM")) {
write(fd, OBDCMD_NEWLINE, strlen(OBDCMD_NEWLINE));
printf("success, ");
return 0;
} else {
printf("fail [no ELM], ");
modifybaud(fd,previousrate);
return -1;
}
} else {
printf("fail [no OK], ");
modifybaud(fd,previousrate);
return -1;
}
}
long upgradebaudrate(int fd, long baudrate_target, long current_baudrate) {
// AT BRD is discussed on pages 9-10,48-49 of the ELM327 datasheet
// Temporarily make sure this is nonblocking
int old_flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
if(-1 == fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,O_NONBLOCK)) {
perror("fcntl");
}
// Try these speeds
long speeds[] = { 38400, 57600, 115200, 230400, 460800, 500000, 576000 };
int i;
if(-1 == baudrate_target) {
return 0;
}
long current_best = -1;
printf("Baudrate upgrading: ");
if(0 < baudrate_target) {
int retval = (0==attempt_upgradebaudrate(fd, baudrate_target,current_baudrate)?baudrate_target:-1);
fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,old_flags);
printf("\n");
return retval;
}
for(i=0; i<sizeof(speeds)/sizeof(speeds[0]); i++) {
if(0 == attempt_upgradebaudrate(fd, speeds[i], current_best)) {
current_best = speeds[i];
}
}
printf("\n");
fcntl(fd,F_SETFL,old_flags);
return current_best;
}
long guessbaudrate(int fd) {
const char testcmd[] = "0100\r\n";
long guesses[] = { 9600, 38400, 115200, 57600, 2400, 1200 };
int i;
printf("Baudrate guessing: ");
for(i=0; i<sizeof(guesses)/sizeof(guesses[0]); i++) {
long guess = guesses[i];
printf("%li, ", guess);
if(-1 == modifybaud(fd, guess)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error setting baudrate %li\n", guess);
return -1;
}
char retbuf[1024];
memset(retbuf, '\0', sizeof(retbuf));
int nbytes = write(fd, testcmd, sizeof(testcmd));
if(-1 == nbytes) {
perror("Error writing to serial port guessing baudrate");
return -1;
}
sleep(1); // CHEESY
nbytes = read(fd, retbuf, sizeof(retbuf));
if(-1 == nbytes) {
perror("Error reading from serial port guessing baudrate");
return -1;
}
if(NULL != strstr(retbuf, ">")) {
printf("success at %li\n", guess);
return guess;
}
}
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't guess baudrate\n");
return -1;
}
int modifybaud(int fd, long baudrate) {
// printf("Baudrate: %i\n", (int)baudrate);
if(baudrate == -1) return 0;
if(baudrate == 0) {
return guessbaudrate(fd)>0?0:1;
}
struct termios options;
if(0 != tcgetattr(fd, &options)) {
perror("tcgetattr");
return -1;
}
speed_t speedreq = B38400;
switch(baudrate) {
#ifdef B4000000
case 4000000:
speedreq = B4000000;
break;
#endif //B4000000
#ifdef B3500000
case 3500000:
speedreq = B3500000;
break;
#endif //B3500000
#ifdef B3000000
case 3000000:
speedreq = B3000000;
break;
#endif //B3000000
#ifdef B2500000
case 2500000:
speedreq = B2500000;
break;
#endif //B2500000
#ifdef B2000000
case 2000000:
speedreq = B2000000;
break;
#endif //B2000000
#ifdef B1500000
case 1500000:
speedreq = B1500000;
break;
#endif //B1500000
#ifdef B1152000
case 1152000:
speedreq = B1152000;
break;
#endif //B1152000
#ifdef B1000000
case 1000000:
speedreq = B1000000;
break;
#endif //B1000000
#ifdef B9210600
case 9210600:
speedreq = B9210600;
break;
#endif //B9210600
#ifdef B576000
case 576000:
speedreq = B576000;
break;
#endif //B576000
#ifdef B500000
case 500000:
speedreq = B500000;
break;
#endif //B500000
#ifdef B460800
case 460800:
speedreq = B460800;
break;
#endif //B460800
#ifdef B230400
case 230400:
speedreq = B230400;
break;
#endif //B230400
#ifdef B115200
case 115200:
speedreq = B115200;
break;
#endif //B115200
#ifdef B76800
case 76800:
speedreq = B76800;
break;
#endif //B76800
#ifdef B57600
case 57600:
speedreq = B57600;
break;
#endif //B57600
case 38400:
speedreq = B38400;
break;
#ifdef B28800
case 28800:
speedreq = B28800;
break;
#endif //B28800
case 19200:
speedreq = B19200;
break;
#ifdef B14400
case 14400:
speedreq = B14400;
break;
#endif //B14400
case 9600:
speedreq = B9600;
break;
#ifdef B7200
case 7200:
speedreq = B7200;
break;
#endif //B7200
case 4800:
speedreq = B4800;
break;
case 2400:
speedreq = B2400;
break;
case 1200:
speedreq = B1200;
break;
case 600:
speedreq = B600;
break;
case 300:
speedreq = B300;
break;
case 150:
speedreq = B150;
break;
case 134:
speedreq = B134;
break;
case 110:
speedreq = B110;
break;
case 75:
speedreq = B75;
break;
case 50:
speedreq = B50;
break;
case 0: // Don't look at me like *I* think it's a good idea
speedreq = B0;
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr,"Uknown baudrate: %li\n", baudrate);
return -1;
break;
}
if(0 != cfsetispeed(&options, speedreq)) {
perror("cfsetispeed");
return -1;
}
if(0 != cfsetospeed(&options, speedreq)) {
perror("cfsetospeed");
return -1;
}
if(0 != tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &options)) {
perror("tcsetattr");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
int startseriallog(const char *logname) {
if(NULL == (seriallog = fopen(logname, "w"))) {
perror("Couldn't open seriallog");
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void closeseriallog() {
fflush(seriallog);
fclose(seriallog);
seriallog = NULL;
}
enum obd_serial_status getobderrorcodes(int fd,
unsigned int *retvals, unsigned int retvals_size, int *numbytes_returned) {
enum obd_serial_status ret;
// First, find out how many codes are set
unsigned int codecount[4];
int c;
if(OBD_SUCCESS != (ret = getobdbytes(fd, 0x01, 0x01, 0,
codecount, sizeof(codecount)/sizeof(codecount[0]), &c, 0))) {
return ret;
}
// This bit being set means the MIL is on, doesn't contribute to error count
unsigned int mil_mask = 0x80;
// Actual count of errors
int numtroubles = codecount[0] & (~mil_mask);
printf("%i trouble codes set [MIL is %s]\n", numtroubles,
(codecount[0] & mil_mask)?"on":"off");
if(0 == numtroubles) {
*numbytes_returned = 0;
return OBD_SUCCESS;
}
return getobdbytes(fd, 0x03, 0x00, 0, retvals, retvals_size, numbytes_returned, 0);
}
/// Parse a line from obd
static enum obd_serial_status parseobdline(const char *line, unsigned int mode, unsigned int cmd,
unsigned int *retvals, unsigned int retvals_size, unsigned int *vals_read, int quiet) {
unsigned int response; // Response. Should always be 0x40 + mode
unsigned int cmdret; // Mode returned [should be the same as cmd]
int count; // number of retvals successfully sscanf'd
unsigned int currbytes[20]; // Might be a long line if there's a bunch of errors
int have_cmd; // Set if we expect a cmd thing returned
if(0x03 == mode || 0x04 == mode) {
// Don't look for the second "cmd" item in some modes.
have_cmd = 0;
} else {
have_cmd = 1;
}
// Number of items to subtract from count to figure out
// how many items in curr_bytes we found
int count_sub;
if(have_cmd) {
count_sub = 2;
count = sscanf(line,
"%2x %2x "
"%2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x "
"%2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x",
&response, &cmdret,
currbytes, currbytes+1, currbytes+2, currbytes+3, currbytes+4,
currbytes+5, currbytes+6, currbytes+7, currbytes+8, currbytes+9,
currbytes+10, currbytes+11, currbytes+12, currbytes+13, currbytes+14,
currbytes+15, currbytes+16, currbytes+17, currbytes+18, currbytes+19
);
} else {
count_sub = 1;
count = sscanf(line,
"%2x "
"%2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x "
"%2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x %2x",
&response,
currbytes, currbytes+1, currbytes+2, currbytes+3, currbytes+4,
currbytes+5, currbytes+6, currbytes+7, currbytes+8, currbytes+9,
currbytes+10, currbytes+11, currbytes+12, currbytes+13, currbytes+14,
currbytes+15, currbytes+16, currbytes+17, currbytes+18, currbytes+19
);
}
if(count <= 2) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't parse line for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, line);
return OBD_UNPARSABLE;
}
if(response != 0x40 + mode) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "Unsuccessful mode response for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, line);
return OBD_INVALID_RESPONSE;
}
if(have_cmd && cmdret != cmd) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "Unsuccessful cmd response for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, line);
return OBD_INVALID_MODE;
}
int i;
for(i=0;i<count-count_sub && i<retvals_size;i++) {
retvals[i] = currbytes[i];
}
*vals_read = count-count_sub;
return OBD_SUCCESS;
}
enum obd_serial_status getobdbytes(int fd, unsigned int mode, unsigned int cmd, int numbytes_expected,
unsigned int *retvals, unsigned int retvals_size, int *numbytes_returned, int quiet) {
char sendbuf[20]; // Command to send
int sendbuflen; // Number of bytes in the send buffer
char retbuf[4096]; // Buffer to store returned stuff
int nbytes; // Number of bytes read
if(mode == 0x03 || mode == 0x04) {
sendbuflen = snprintf(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),"%02X" OBDCMD_NEWLINE, mode);
} else {
if(0 == numbytes_expected) {
sendbuflen = snprintf(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),"%02X%02X" OBDCMD_NEWLINE, mode, cmd);
} else {
sendbuflen = snprintf(sendbuf,sizeof(sendbuf),"%02X%02X%01X" OBDCMD_NEWLINE, mode, cmd, numbytes_expected);
}
}
appendseriallog(sendbuf, SERIAL_OUT);
if(write(fd,sendbuf,sendbuflen) < sendbuflen) {
return OBD_ERROR;
}
nbytes = readserialdata(fd, retbuf, sizeof(retbuf));
if(0 == nbytes) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "No data at all returned from serial port\n");
return OBD_ERROR;
} else if(-1 == nbytes) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "Error reading from serial port\n");
return OBD_ERROR;
}
// First some sanity checks on the data
if(NULL != strstr(retbuf, "NO DATA")) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "OBD reported NO DATA for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, retbuf);
return OBD_NO_DATA;
}
if(0 != strstr(retbuf, "?")) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "OBD reported ? for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, retbuf);
return OBD_NO_DATA;
}
if(NULL != strstr(retbuf, "UNABLE TO CONNECT")) {
if(!quiet)
fprintf(stderr, "OBD reported UNABLE TO CONNECT for %02X %02X: %s\n", mode, cmd, retbuf);
return OBD_UNABLE_TO_CONNECT;
}
/*
Good grief, this is ugly.
1) We look go through the output line by line [strtokking]
2) For each line, if it's a regular line, parse it
3) If it has a colon near the start, it means it's a multi-line response
4) So go into crazy C string handling mode.
*/
char *line = strtok(retbuf, "\r\n>");
int values_returned = 0;
enum obd_serial_status ret = OBD_ERROR;
while(NULL != line) {
char *colon;
int joined_lines = 0; // Set if we joined some lines together
char longline[1024] = "\0"; // Catenate other lines into this
char *parseline = line; // The line to actually parse.
while(NULL != line && NULL != (colon = strstr(line, ":"))) {
// printf("Colon line: %s\n", line);
strncat(longline, colon+1, sizeof(longline)-strlen(longline)-1);
parseline = longline;
joined_lines = 1;
line = strtok(NULL, "\r\n>");
}
// We gracefully handle these lines without
// needing to actually parse them
if(3 >= strlen(parseline)) continue;
// printf("parseline: %s\n", parseline);
unsigned int local_rets[20];
unsigned int vals_read;
ret = parseobdline(parseline, mode, cmd,
local_rets, sizeof(local_rets)/sizeof(local_rets[0]), &vals_read, quiet);
if(OBD_SUCCESS == ret) {
int i;
for(i=0; i<vals_read; i++, values_returned++) {
retvals[values_returned] = local_rets[i];
}
break;
}
if(0 == joined_lines) {
// If we joined some lines together, this strtok was already done
line = strtok(NULL, "\r\n>");
}
}
*numbytes_returned = values_returned;
if(0 == values_returned) return ret;
return OBD_SUCCESS;
}
enum obd_serial_status getobdvalue(int fd, unsigned int cmd, float *ret, int numbytes, OBDConvFunc conv) {
int numbytes_returned;
unsigned int obdbytes[4];
enum obd_serial_status ret_status = getobdbytes(fd, 0x01, cmd, numbytes,
obdbytes, sizeof(obdbytes)/sizeof(obdbytes[0]), &numbytes_returned, 0);
if(OBD_SUCCESS != ret_status) return ret_status;
if(NULL == conv) {
int i;
*ret = 0;
for(i=0;i<numbytes_returned;i++) {
*ret = *ret * 256;
*ret = *ret + obdbytes[i];
}
} else {
*ret = conv(obdbytes[0], obdbytes[1], obdbytes[2], obdbytes[3]);
}
return OBD_SUCCESS;
}
int getnumobderrors(int fd) {
int numbytes_returned;
unsigned int obdbytes[4];
enum obd_serial_status ret_status = getobdbytes(fd, 0x01, 0x01, 0,
obdbytes, sizeof(obdbytes)/sizeof(obdbytes[0]), &numbytes_returned, 0);
if(OBD_SUCCESS != ret_status || 0 == numbytes_returned) return 0;
if(obdbytes[0] > 0) {
return obdbytes[0] & 0x7F;
}
return 0;
}
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