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<title>Ocamlnet 4 Reference Manual : Netnumber</title>
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<h1>Module <a href="type_Netnumber.html">Netnumber</a></h1>
<pre><span id="MODULENetnumber"><span class="keyword">module</span> Netnumber</span>: <code class="code">sig</code> <a href="Netnumber.html">..</a> <code class="code">end</code></pre><div class="info module top">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>Binary encodings of numbers</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr width="100%">
<p>This is the successor of the <code class="code">Rtypes</code> module</p>
<h3 id="2_Numerictypes">Numeric types</h3>
<pre><span id="TYPEint4"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>int4</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>32 bit signed integer</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="TYPEint8"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>int8</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>64 bit signed integer</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="TYPEuint4"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>uint4</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>32 bit unsigned integer</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="TYPEuint8"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>uint8</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>64 bit unsigned integer</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="TYPEfp4"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>fp4</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>single precision float (IEEE "float")</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="TYPEfp8"><span class="keyword">type</span> <code class="type"></code>fp8</span> </pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>double precision float (IEEE "double")</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="EXCEPTIONCannot_represent"><span class="keyword">exception</span> Cannot_represent</span> <span class="keyword">of</span> <code class="type">string</code></pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>raised if a conversion can't be done</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="EXCEPTIONOut_of_range"><span class="keyword">exception</span> Out_of_range</span></pre>
<div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>raised if string position out of range</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3 id="2_Basicencodingdecodingfunctions">Basic encoding/decoding functions</h3>
<pre><span id="VALmk_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_int4</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmk_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_int8</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmk_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_uint4</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmk_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_uint8</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p><code class="code">mk_</code><t> create integer values from character tuples. In these tuples
the MSB is the first component and the LSB the last.</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALdest_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a> -> char * char * char * char</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALdest_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a> -> char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALdest_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> char * char * char * char</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALdest_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char</code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p><code class="code">dest_</code><t> destroy integer values and returns the corresponding char
tuples.</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALmk_fp4"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_fp4</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmk_fp8"><span class="keyword">val</span> mk_fp8</span> : <code class="type">char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALdest_fp4"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_fp4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a> -> char * char * char * char</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALdest_fp8"><span class="keyword">val</span> dest_fp8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a> -> char * char * char * char * char * char * char * char</code></pre><h3 id="2_Conversions">Conversions</h3><p>Conversions from int to (u)int and vice versa.
On 32-bit computers, the type <code class="code">int</code> can hold 31-bit signed integers
(including the sign, i.e. one bit cannot be used).
On 64-bit computers, the type <code class="code">int</code> can hold 63-bit signed integers
(including the sign, i.e. one bit cannot be used).
The <code class="code">int_of_xxx</code> functions raise <code class="code">Cannot_represent</code> if the number to
convert is too big (or too small) to be represented as <code class="code">int</code>. Note
that this depends on the word size of your architecture.</p>
<pre><span id="VALint_of_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int_of_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a> -> int</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint_of_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int_of_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> int</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint_of_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int_of_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a> -> int</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint_of_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int_of_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> int</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint4_of_int"><span class="keyword">val</span> int4_of_int</span> : <code class="type">int -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint4_of_int"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint4_of_int</span> : <code class="type">int -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint8_of_int"><span class="keyword">val</span> int8_of_int</span> : <code class="type">int -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint8_of_int"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint8_of_int</span> : <code class="type">int -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint32_of_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int32_of_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a> -> int32</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint32_of_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int32_of_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> int32</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint32_of_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int32_of_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a> -> int32</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint32_of_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int32_of_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> int32</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint4_of_int32"><span class="keyword">val</span> int4_of_int32</span> : <code class="type">int32 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint4_of_int32"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint4_of_int32</span> : <code class="type">int32 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint8_of_int32"><span class="keyword">val</span> int8_of_int32</span> : <code class="type">int32 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint8_of_int32"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint8_of_int32</span> : <code class="type">int32 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint64_of_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int64_of_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a> -> int64</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint64_of_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> int64_of_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> int64</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint64_of_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int64_of_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a> -> int64</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint64_of_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> int64_of_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> int64</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint4_of_int64"><span class="keyword">val</span> int4_of_int64</span> : <code class="type">int64 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint4_of_int64"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint4_of_int64</span> : <code class="type">int64 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALint8_of_int64"><span class="keyword">val</span> int8_of_int64</span> : <code class="type">int64 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALuint8_of_int64"><span class="keyword">val</span> uint8_of_int64</span> : <code class="type">int64 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre><p>Casts from <code class="code">uint4</code>/<code class="code">uint8</code> to <code class="code">int32</code>/<code class="code">int64</code>. Here, the sign is ignored and
simply considered as a bit.</p>
<pre><span id="VALlogical_uint4_of_int32"><span class="keyword">val</span> logical_uint4_of_int32</span> : <code class="type">int32 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALlogical_int32_of_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> logical_int32_of_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> int32</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALlogical_uint8_of_int64"><span class="keyword">val</span> logical_uint8_of_int64</span> : <code class="type">int64 -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALlogical_int64_of_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> logical_int64_of_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> int64</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALfp8_of_fp4"><span class="keyword">val</span> fp8_of_fp4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALfp4_of_fp8"><span class="keyword">val</span> fp4_of_fp8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a></code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>Note <code class="code">fp4_of_fp8</code>: This conversion is not exact. It is quite
normal that precision is lost. Numbers too small or too large
for fp4 are converted to the "infinity" value.</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALfloat_of_fp4"><span class="keyword">val</span> float_of_fp4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a> -> float</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALfloat_of_fp8"><span class="keyword">val</span> float_of_fp8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a> -> float</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALfp4_of_float"><span class="keyword">val</span> fp4_of_float</span> : <code class="type">float -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp4">fp4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALfp8_of_float"><span class="keyword">val</span> fp8_of_float</span> : <code class="type">float -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEfp8">fp8</a></code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>Note fp4_of_float: The same problems as in fp4_of_fp8 may arise</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3 id="2_Comparisons">Comparisons</h3><p>The comparisons "=" and "<>" work for all numbers.</p>
<p>For signed integers, the operators "<", "<=", ">", and ">=" work, too.
The unsigned integer type use representation that are not compatible
with these operators, and the following functions need to be called.</p>
<p>For <code class="code">fp4</code> and <code class="code">fp8</code> there are no comparison functions - convert to
<code class="code">float</code> first and compare then.</p>
<pre><span id="VALlt_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> lt_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> bool</code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p><code class="code">lt_uint4</code> is true iff the first value is less than the second value
as unsigned int</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALle_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> le_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> bool</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALgt_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> gt_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> bool</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALge_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> ge_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a> -> bool</code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>Other comparisons</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALlt_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> lt_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> bool</code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p><code class="code">lt_uint8</code> is true iff the first value is less than the second value
as unsigned int</p>
</div>
</div>
<pre><span id="VALle_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> le_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> bool</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALgt_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> gt_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> bool</code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALge_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> ge_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> <a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a> -> bool</code></pre><div class="info ">
<div class="info-desc">
<p>Other comparisons</p>
</div>
</div>
<h3 id="2_Minimummaximumvalues">Minimum/maximum values</h3>
<pre><span id="VALmin_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> min_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmin_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> min_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmin_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> min_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmin_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> min_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmax_int4"><span class="keyword">val</span> max_int4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint4">int4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmax_uint4"><span class="keyword">val</span> max_uint4</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint4">uint4</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmax_int8"><span class="keyword">val</span> max_int8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEint8">int8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="VALmax_uint8"><span class="keyword">val</span> max_uint8</span> : <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.html#TYPEuint8">uint8</a></code></pre>
<pre><span id="MODULETYPEENCDEC"><span class="keyword">module type</span> <a href="Netnumber.ENCDEC.html">ENCDEC</a></span> = <code class="code">sig</code> <a href="Netnumber.ENCDEC.html">..</a> <code class="code">end</code></pre>
<pre><span id="MODULEBE"><span class="keyword">module</span> <a href="Netnumber.BE.html">BE</a></span>: <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.ENCDEC.html">ENCDEC</a></code><code class="type"> </code></pre><div class="info">
<p>Encoders/decoders for big endian - network byte order</p>
</div>
<pre><span id="MODULELE"><span class="keyword">module</span> <a href="Netnumber.LE.html">LE</a></span>: <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.ENCDEC.html">ENCDEC</a></code><code class="type"> </code></pre><div class="info">
<p>Encoders/decoders for little endian</p>
</div>
<pre><span id="MODULEHO"><span class="keyword">module</span> <a href="Netnumber.HO.html">HO</a></span>: <code class="type"><a href="Netnumber.ENCDEC.html">ENCDEC</a></code><code class="type"> </code></pre><div class="info">
<p>Encoders/decoders for host byte order - which is either little
endian or big endian, depending on the CPU (or CPU mode)</p>
</div>
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