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/** Module to read run length encoded ASCII MHD files generated by
* the GGCM code. These subroutines were taken from Bill Sherman's
* "convertmhd.c" code, which was designed to create VTK formatted
* output files.
*
* NOTE:
* Compiling works under both Linux and IRIX. However, the Linux output
* seems to round up a bit higher than the IRIX. Ie. the last significant
* digit in the Linux output may be one numeral higher than IRIX. Since
* we're dealing with values that have some loss from the MHD compression
* it probably doesn't matter much -- but it makes it difficult to compare
* outputs with "diff".
*
* HISTORY:
* This code was initially created by Bill Sherman in late 2003. John C.
* Dorelli cleaned things up a bit and made it easier to use for us GGCM
* people. Maintainence has since been handed to Tom Fogal, who has turned
* the program into a library and done other various fixes.
* The old history that was here has been removed; most of it didn't make
* sense anymore anyway. You can grep it out of the subversion logs / old
* versions if you really want it.
****/
// Jeremy Meredith, Wed Jan 6 17:46:31 EST 2010
// Added VisIt exceptions in place of aborts.
//
#include "libggcm.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <InvalidFilesException.h>
/** fscanf that is expected to work; aborts on error */
#define SCAN(fp, match, v1) \
{ \
int err; \
err = fscanf(fp, match, v1); \
if(err == EOF) { \
perror("scanning in libggcm"); \
EXCEPTION1(InvalidFilesException, mhd->filename); \
} \
}
/** more stringent; give the number of arguments which must match. */
#define NSCAN(fp, num, match, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6) \
{ \
int err; \
err = fscanf(fp, match, v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6); \
if(err == EOF || err != num) { \
perror("scanning in libggcm"); \
fprintf(stderr, "%d matches\n", err); \
EXCEPTION1(InvalidFilesException, mhd->filename); \
} \
}
static int wrndec(unsigned char *in_string, int *out_array);
static int readRLEData(MHDdata *data);
static int field_match(const char * const match_list[],
const char * const field_name);
static int readMHDField(MHDdata *data, char *field_info,
const char * const match_list[]);
static int read_time_line(MHDdata *);
static int ggcm_read_field_metadata(MHDdata *);
/** alias for ggcm_init_mhd */
void initMHD(MHDdata *data) { ggcm_init_mhd(data); }
/** alias for ggcm_read_mhd */
MHDdata *readMHDFile(const char *file_name, const char *field_list[], long file_start)
{
return ggcm_read_mhd(file_name, field_list);
}
/** alias for ggcm_free_data */
void freeMHDData(MHDdata *md) { ggcm_free_data(md); }
/** initialize an MHDdata record */
void ggcm_init_mhd(MHDdata *data)
{
data->next = NULL;
data->field_name[0] = '\0';
data->regular = 1;
data->subsample[0] = 1;
data->subsample[1] = 1;
data->subsample[2] = 1;
data->subsamp_dim[0] = 1;
data->subsamp_dim[1] = 1;
data->subsamp_dim[2] = 1;
data->line3_info[0] = '\0';
data->line4_value = 0;
data->filename[0] = '\0';
data->mhd_fp = NULL;
data->file_position = -1;
data->dim_rank = 0;
data->dim_size[0] = 1;
data->dim_size[1] = 1;
data->dim_size[2] = 1;
data->value_rank = 1;
data->number = 0;
data->write_data = 1;
data->num_covecs = 0;
data->data = NULL;
data->grid[0] = NULL;
data->grid[1] = NULL;
data->grid[2] = NULL;
data->co_vector[0] = NULL;
data->co_vector[1] = NULL;
data->co_vector[2] = NULL;
}
/** creates a list which contains all of the metadata for a given GGCM file,
* such as the fields contained within it, data points / field, time code
* information, etc. */
MHDdata *ggcm_read_metadata(const char *filename)
{
MHDdata *head, *cur, *prev; /* linked list of field information */
unsigned int lines, i; /* how many lines to skip, current line */
size_t len; /* length of temp buffer */
char *line; /* temp buffer for junking lines */
int fields = 0; /* more fields to read? */
head = prev = cur = (MHDdata *)malloc(sizeof(MHDdata));
head->mhd_fp = fopen(filename, "r");
strcpy(head->filename,filename); // for error reporting
len = 1024;
line = (char *)malloc(len);
while((fields = ggcm_read_field_metadata(cur)) != 0) {
prev = cur;
/* how many lines should we skip? */
lines = ((cur->number % 64) != 0) ?
((cur->number/64)+1) : (cur->number/64);
lines *= 2;
/* 'seek' to the next field in the file. We'd like to be able to use
* fseek here, but we only know how many *lines* the data are, not how
* many *bytes* they are. So we have to scan every line... */
for(i=0; i < lines; ++i) {
/* fgets works pretty well too; getline is slightly faster.
fscanf is extremely slow. Using fgets since it is portable,
whereas getline is only on linux. */
fgets(line, len, cur->mhd_fp);
}
cur->next = (MHDdata *)malloc(sizeof(MHDdata)); /* need another elem in the list */
cur->next->mhd_fp = cur->mhd_fp; /* field_metadata needs a good FP */
cur = cur->next;
cur->next = NULL; /* NULL for the sentinel */
}
/* bogus extra element */
free(cur);
prev->next = NULL;
free(line); /* buffer for getline */
fclose(head->mhd_fp);
return head;
}
/** reads the metadata for a given field.
* @todo add a field to MHDdata records which includes the file offset (via
* ftell(3)) of the field in question, and set that here right after
* reading the last bit of information ("line 5"). This will allow a
* more efficient reader when I rewrite that in the future, since it can
* know exactly where to seek to. */
static int ggcm_read_field_metadata(MHDdata *mhd)
{
char junk[512];
/* read the first field header, describing the field type (2D? 3D? etc.).
* If this read fails, we're probably at EOF, indicating there are no more
* fields. */
fscanf(mhd->mhd_fp, "FIELD-%[^\n ]\n", junk);
if(ferror(mhd->mhd_fp)) {
perror("Unrecoverable reading field metadata");
EXCEPTION1(InvalidFilesException, mhd->filename);
}
if(feof(mhd->mhd_fp)) {
return 0;
}
SCAN(mhd->mhd_fp, "%s\n", mhd->field_name);
read_time_line(mhd);
/* line 4 has info on dimensionality, etc; ignored for now. */
SCAN(mhd->mhd_fp, "%[^\n]\n", junk);
/* the important thing on line 5 is the 'number' -- how many data points are
* in this field. */
NSCAN(mhd->mhd_fp, 6, "WRN2 %d%f %f %f %d%[^\n]\n", &mhd->number,
&mhd->wrn2_z1, &mhd->wrn2_z2, &mhd->wrn2_rid,
&mhd->wrn2_it, mhd->wrn2_cid);
return 1;
}
/** wrndec(): decodes a line of run-length encoded ascii data into an
* integer array ("out_array") which is returned via call-by-reference.
* The length of the output array is returned normally. The input to
* this function is a character array of the string to decode.
* @param in_string characters to decode (nee "c" & replacement for "iu")
* @param out_array integer array number 1 -- return values (nee "i1")
* @return the number of values (nee "n+1") */
int wrndec(unsigned char *in_string, int *out_array)
{
int index_out = 0; /* index into the outgoing "out_array" array (nee "i") */
int index_in = 0; /* index into the "in_string" character array (nee "j") */
int input_checksum; /* checksum of the incoming character string (nee i2[0])*/
int checksum; /* checksum value (nee "ick") */
int run_value; /* running value (nee "ir") */
int run_count; /* ren-length count (nee "ic") */
int count;
/* set some initial values in case of error */
for (count = 0; count < 64; count++) {
out_array[count] = 34; /* NOTE: why 34? seems like "33" would be better */
}
input_checksum = in_string[0];
checksum = 0;
index_in = 1; /* because C is 0 based, and perhaps the original code is 1-based */
while ((run_value = (int)(in_string[index_in])) != 0) {
/* NOTE: in Fortran code the value "32" is the terminal value. Need */
/* to find out what significance that value has related to strings. */
if (run_value < 0) {
printf("adjusting sign -- preferable to deal with unsigned ints: run_value = %d\n", run_value);
run_value += 256; /* shouldn't this be an abs() call? */
}
if (run_value > 127) {
/* this means the value is actually a run-count, so get the */
/* count, and the next number is the actual repeating value */
run_count = run_value-170;
run_value = (int)(in_string[++index_in]);
if (run_value < 0) {
printf("adjusting sign (2) -- preferable to deal with unsigned ints: run_value = %d\n", run_value);
run_value += 256;
}
for (count = 0; count < run_count; count++) {
if (index_out < 67)
out_array[index_out++] = run_value;
else printf("wrndec(): catastrophic error -- trying to write outside the output array\n");
checksum += run_value;
}
} else {
if (index_out < 67)
out_array[index_out++] = run_value;
else printf("wrndec(): catastrophic error -- trying to write outside the output array\n");
checksum += run_value;
}
index_in++;
if (index_in > 67) {
printf("error:wrndec: can't find end of encoded record -- index_in = %d\n", index_in);
return index_out;
}
}
if (index_out > 64) {
printf("error: wrndec: range error -- index_out(%d) > 64\n", index_out);
return 64;
}
if (input_checksum != 33 + (checksum % 92)) {
printf("error: wrndec: checksum error, mismatch: %d vs %d -- index_out = %d\n", input_checksum, 33 + (checksum % 92), index_out);
return 0;
} else {
#if 0
printf("checksum match: %d\n", input_checksum);
#endif
}
return index_out;
}
/** readRLEData(): Read a run-length ascii encoding with N=2 bytes
* Reads ascii-encoded run-length data from the file pointed to by
* data->mhd_fp. The "data" structure is also used to pass in values
* of the "wrn" encoding, such as the the min/max range of the absolute
* values, and the number and organization of the data (though this
* routine could really care less about the organization).
*
* In the original (util1.for) version, this routine is responsible for
* reading "line 5", however in my version, I've already read and
* parsed that info.
* returns number of elements (aka "n" in the fortran code)
*
* NOTE: in rmhd06/util.for, the rdn2() procedure takes six arguments:
* iu -- file id (called "data->mhd_fp" here)
* a -- data array (floats) (called "data->data" here)
* n -- number of elements [returned value?] (called "data->number")
* cid -- type of data (called "data->wrn2_cid" here)
* it -- [no longer used] (was timecode)
* rid -- [not used]
*
* Modifications:
* Mark C. Miller, Thu Nov 6 11:12:56 PST 2008
* Fixed compilation warning on line ~389 converting double to int
**/
int readRLEData(MHDdata *data)
{
unsigned char buffer[128]; /* buffer for input string -- from wrndec() */
int count;
int block64; /* for counting through the elements 64 numbers at a time (nee "k") */
int block_size; /* number of expected values to be returned by wrndec() -- (nee "nk+1") */
int msbits[72]; /* integer array of most significant bits decoded by wrndec() (nee "i1") */
int lsbits[72]; /* integer array of least significant bits decoded by wrndec() (nee "i2") */
int int_value; /* reconstructed integer value with all the bits (nee "i3" array) */
/* NOTE: this doesn't need to be an array. */
#if 0 /* fltarray_1 isn't necessary because it gets immediately stored in the actual data array */
float fltarray_1[64]; /* float array that decodes one block of data (nee "a1")*/
#endif
int num_decoded; /* value of "n" as returned by wrndec() (nee "nn") */
float dzi; /* some sort of dynamic range value */
float sign; /* the sign of the result (nee "sig") */
#if 0 /* data_index is no longer necessary, because it is equivalent to "count+block64" */
int data_index = 0; /* index into the full data array of where to write next (nee "l") */
#endif
int scan; /* return value from call to fscanf */
int bytes_read; /* number of bytes read by call to fscanf */
/* Free the data array memory if it exists */
if (data->data != NULL)
free(data->data);
/* Need to allocate the memory for the data array */
data->data = (float *)calloc(data->number, sizeof(float));
/* If the min and the max are the same, then all elements are that value. */
if(data->wrn2_z1 == data->wrn2_z2) {
for (count = 0; count < data->number; count++)
data->data[count] = data->wrn2_z1;
return data->number;
}
/* The decoding is done in 64 element chunks (each stored in two separate byte arrays) */
for(block64 = 0; block64 < data->number; block64 += 64) {
/* set block_size to the number of elements expected from the decoder */
/* (either the number of remaining elements, or a cap of 64). */
block_size = data->number - block64;
if (block_size > 64)
block_size = 64;
/* decode one block of input (if all is well, this will match the expected block_size) */
/* read one line from input file and then decode it */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[^\n]%n\n", buffer, &bytes_read);
if(scan < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Difficulting reading from MHD file.\n");
}
num_decoded = wrndec(buffer, msbits);
if(num_decoded != block_size) {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ_VERBOSE
printf("readRLEData[1]: num_decoded (%d) != block_size (%d) [number = %d, block64 = %d]\n",
num_decoded, block_size, data->number, block64);
#endif
data->number = -2; /* return an error code */
return data->number;
}
/* read one line from input file and then decode it */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[^\n]%n\n", buffer, &bytes_read);
if(scan < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Difficulting reading from MHD file.\n");
}
num_decoded = wrndec(buffer, lsbits);
if(num_decoded != block_size) {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ_VERBOSE
printf("readRLEData[2]: num_decoded (%d) != block_size (%d) [number = %d, block64 = %d]\n",
num_decoded, block_size, data->number, block64);
#endif
data->number = -2; /* return an error code */
return data->number;
}
/* Okay, we've decoded the MSbits and the LSbits of */
/* data now convert them into floating point values */
dzi = (data->wrn2_z2 - data->wrn2_z1) / 4410.0;
for (count = 0; count < block_size; count++) {
/* subtract the 33 that was added to put it above the ascii control-characters */
msbits[count] -= 33;
lsbits[count] -= 33;
/* the sign is stored in msbits[] as the 47-or-greater-bit */
sign = 1.0;
if (msbits[count] >= 47) {
sign = -1.0;
msbits[count] -= 47;
}
/* reconstruct the unsigned integer value */
int_value = (int) (lsbits[count] + 94.0 * msbits[count]);
/* reconstruct the original floating point value from the range information & sign */
/* Note that the following expression uses float(exp()) instead */
/* of expf(). This is because we are using gcc 3.2 on a solaris */
/* machine, which doesn't support expf. We should change this */
/* when we no longer support gcc 3.2. */
data->data[block64+count] = sign * float(exp(dzi * int_value + data->wrn2_z1));
}
}
return data->number;
}
/** field_match(): returns a boolean value of whether the given field
* name is in the list of requested fields. If found, the name is
* removed from the list, and a 1 is returned. Otherwise 0 is
* returned. If the value of the match_list is NULL, then it is
* assumed that all fields should be read, and therefore 1 is
* returned */
int field_match(const char * const match_list[], const char * const field_name)
{
int count;
int match = 0; /* no match found so far */
if (match_list == NULL)
return 1;
#if 0
char *check;
for(check = match_list[count = 0]; check != NULL; check = match_list[++count]) {
if(strcmp(check, field_name) == 0) {
match = 1;
}
}
#else
for(count = 0; match_list[count] != NULL; ++count) {
if(strcmp(match_list[count], field_name) == 0) {
match = 1;
break;
}
}
#endif
return match;
}
/** readMHDField() reads the next wrn ASCII-encoded MHD data field into
* the MHDdata structure
*
* NOTE: the first line of the field is given by the "field_info"
* argument. The rest of the data is from the "mhd_fp" field of
* MHDField -- though that may change in the (near) future.
* The header information and a pointer to the data array are
* returned via the MHDdata structure
*
* The format of the ASCII field representation is 5 lines of header
* info, followed by approximately (number-of-elements/32) lines
* of WRN ASCII encoded data.
* Line 1: ...
* Line 2: ...
* Line 3: ...
* Line 4: ...
* Line 5: ... */
int readMHDField(MHDdata *data, char *field_info,
const char * const match_list[])
{
char junk[256];
int scan; /* return value from a scanf() call */
int rank;
int num_elements; /* return value of this function */
/* determine the beginning position of the file */
data->file_position = ftell(data->mhd_fp);
data->file_position -= (7 + strlen(field_info));
/* Line 1: the number of dimensions, and rank of each element */
scan = sscanf(field_info, "%dD-%d%[^\n]\n", &data->dim_rank, &data->value_rank, junk);
if (scan != 2) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 1, got %d values instead of 2\n", scan);
}
/* Line 2: the name of this field */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[^\n ]\n", &data->field_name[0]);
/* scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[a-z]\n", &data->field_name[0]) */;
if (scan != 1) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 2, got %d values instead of 1\n", scan);
}
#ifdef DEBUG_READ_VERBOSE
printf("reading Field '%s' of type '%s'\n", data->field_name, field_info);
#endif
if(strcmp(data->field_name,"bx") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"by") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"bz") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"vx") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"vy") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"vz") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"xjx") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"xjy") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"xjz") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"rr") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"pp") == 0 ||
strcmp(data->field_name,"resis") == 0) {
/* then Line 3 is time data. (TJF) */
read_time_line(data);
#if DEBUG
fprintf(stderr, "read time data: %lf, %lf\n\t %u:%u:%u:%u:%u:%lf\n",
data->time_since_model_start,
data->some_time,
data->year, data->month, data->day,
data->hour, data->minute, data->second);
#endif
} else {
/* then Line 3 is the name of the grid file, or something else we don't
* care about. */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[^\n]\n", &data->line3_info[0]);
if(scan != 1) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 3, got ");
printf("%d values instead of 1\n", scan);
}
}
/* Line 4: info about the dimensionality of the data */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, " %d", &data->line4_value);
if (scan != 1) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 4a, got %d values instead of 1\n", scan);
}
for (rank = 0; rank < data->dim_rank; rank++) {
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, " %d", &data->dim_size[rank]);
if (scan != 1) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 4b, got %d values instead of 1\n", scan);
}
}
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%[^\n]\n", junk); /* go to beginning of next line */
/* Line 5: The WRN2 line */
/* NOTE: perhaps the "2" in WRN2 is an indicator of the number of bytes */
/* into which the values are stored. */
/* Sometimes "WRN2" (data->encoding) is not separated from the # of values
* (data->number) via a space. not sure why, but the original code gets
* screwed up because it tries to read everything in one go. This is a
* slightly modified fscanf that limits the first field to 4 chars */
scan = fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%4s %d%f %f %f %d%[^\n]\n", data->encoding,
&data->number, &data->wrn2_z1, &data->wrn2_z2,
&data->wrn2_rid, &data->wrn2_it, &data->wrn2_cid[0]);
if(scan != 7) {
printf("readMHDField() trouble scanning line 5, got %d values instead of 7\n", scan);
}
/* Lines 6 to ~(data->number / 32): the ascii encoded data */
/* Only read the data if this field matches a requested field, otherwise skip */
if(!field_match(match_list, data->field_name)) {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ
printf("readMHDField() No match.\n");
#endif
int count; /* count through the lines */
int skip; /* number of lines to skip */
skip = data->number / 64;
if(data->number % 64 != 0)
skip++;
skip *= 2;
for(count = 0; count < skip; count++)
fscanf(data->mhd_fp, "%*[^\n]\n"); /* read one line */
num_elements = 0;
} else {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ
printf("readMHDField() reading data\n");
#endif
num_elements = readRLEData(data);
}
return num_elements;
}
/* returns the mhd file in a linked list sort of structure called 'MHDdata'. As
* far as I can tell, the structure itself is dynamically allocated, as well as
* the 'data' pointer within each element. The calling program will need to
* deallocate these.
* 'field_list' also seems to be modified by this function or another it calls.
* At best, this causes a memory leak. Worse, usually field_list ends up being
* allocated on the stack... this might cause stack corruption!
****
* Tom Fogal, Thu Aug 19 15:42:47 EST 2004
* Comments, fixes. I removed the ability to read a file from stdin. Seems
* an unlikely use anyway. */
MHDdata *ggcm_read_mhd(const char *file_name, const char *field_list[])
{
FILE *mhd_fp; /* pointer to the MHD file to read from */
MHDdata *data; /* pointer to the current MHD dataset */
MHDdata *first; /* pointer to the first MHD dataset */
MHDdata *last; /* pointer to the last MHD dataset */
char info[256];
int scan; /* return value from a scanf */
mhd_fp = fopen(file_name, "r");
if (mhd_fp == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error, unable to open '%s'\n", file_name);
exit(1);
}
/* first scan the preliminary listing -- I guess that's what it is */
while (fscanf(mhd_fp, "FIELD-%[^\n]\n", info)) {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ
fprintf(stderr,"prelim: expect field of '%s'\n", info);
#endif
}
first = (MHDdata *)malloc(sizeof(MHDdata));
last = first;
data = first;
ggcm_init_mhd(data);
/* Now scan the actual data listings */
/* We can stop either when there are no more FIELDs to read, or */
/* when all the fields in the field_list have been read. */
while (!feof(mhd_fp) && field_list[0] != NULL) {
scan = fscanf(mhd_fp, "FIELD-%[^\n]\n", info);
if (scan < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Difficulty reading from MHD file.\n");
}
data->mhd_fp = mhd_fp;
strcpy(data->filename, (char* const)file_name);
if(readMHDField(data, info, field_list) > 0) {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ
printf("Just read data '%s'\n", data->field_name);
#endif
assert(data->data); /* must have read in some data */
/* we read some data, so there was a match with the field_list */
data->next = (MHDdata *)malloc(sizeof(MHDdata));
ggcm_init_mhd(data->next); /* initialize space for the next field */
last = data;
data = data->next;
} else {
#ifdef DEBUG_READ
printf("Just ignored data '%s'\n", data->field_name);
#endif
/* if the field didn't match, then reset the values in "data" */
ggcm_init_mhd(data);
}
info[0] = 'y'; info[1] = 'o'; info[2] = 0;
}
/* remove the link to the empty data set from the last read MHD strcuture */
ggcm_free_data(last->next);
last->next = NULL;
fclose(mhd_fp);
return first;
}
void ggcm_free_data(MHDdata *mhd)
{
MHDdata *p, *prev;
prev = p = mhd;
while(p) {
p = p->next;
free(prev->data);
free(prev);
prev = p;
};
}
static int read_time_line(MHDdata *data)
{
char junk[256]; /* for throwing away some filename data */
int matches;
/* file pointer must be valid */
assert(data != NULL);
assert(data->mhd_fp != NULL);
/* and have data ready for us. */
assert(feof(data->mhd_fp) == 0 && ferror(data->mhd_fp) == 0);
matches = fscanf(data->mhd_fp,
"time= %lf %lf %u:%u:%u:%u:%u:%lf %[^\n ]\n",
&data->time_since_model_start, /* %lf */
&data->some_time, /* %lf */
&data->year, /* %u */
&data->month, /* %u */
&data->day, /* %u */
&data->hour, /* %u */
&data->minute, /* %u */
&data->second, /* %lf */
junk); /* %[\n ] */
if(matches != 9) {
fputs("Error reading time code information!", stderr);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
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