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<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="petsc">
<h1>PETSc<a class="headerlink" href="#petsc" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>PETSc, the Portable, Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation,
pronounced PET-see (<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English#Key">/ˈpɛt-siː/</a>), is
for the scalable (parallel) solution of scientific
applications modeled by partial differential equations (PDEs). It has bindings for C, Fortran, and Python (via petsc4py).
PETSc also contains TAO, the Toolkit for Advanced Optimization, software library.
They support MPI, and GPUs through
CUDA, HIP, Kokkos, or OpenCL, as well as hybrid MPI-GPU parallelism; they also support the NEC-SX Tsubasa Vector Engine.
Immediately jump in and run PETSc and TAO code <a class="reference internal" href="tutorials/handson.html#handson"><span class="std std-ref">Tutorials, by Mathematical Problem</span></a>.</p>
<section id="news">
<h2>News<a class="headerlink" href="#news" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.siam.org/publications/siam-news/articles/opencarp-personalized-computational-model-of-the-heart-examines-cardiac-rhythm/">SIAM News article</a>
on the PETSc-powered <a class="reference external" href="https://opencarp.org/">OpenCarp</a> cardiac electrophysiology simulator.</p>
<p>PETSc is now on <a class="reference external" href="https://bsky.app/profile/petsc.org">BlueSky</a>.</p>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="community/meetings/2025/index.html#meeting"><span class="std std-ref">2025 PETSc Annual User Meeting</span></a> will take place May 20-21, 2025 in Buffalo, New York, USA, with tutorials on May 19th.</p>
<p>Mrs. Hong Zhang, who has been a PETSc developer for twenty-five years and mentored many students and future PETSc developers, has retired.</p>
<p>PETSc is associated with NumFOCUS, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit supporting open code and reproducible science,
through which you can help support PETSc.</p>
</section>
<section id="book">
<h2>Book<a class="headerlink" href="#book" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<div><p><strong>PETSc for Partial Differential Equations: Numerical Solutions in C and Python</strong>, by Ed Bueler.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://my.siam.org/Store/Product/viewproduct/?ProductId=32850137">Book from SIAM Press</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Ed_Bueler_PETSc_for_Partial_Differential_Equations?id=tgMHEAAAQBAJ">Google Play E-book</a></p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
</section>
<section id="main-topics">
<h2>Main Topics<a class="headerlink" href="#main-topics" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="community/index.html">Community</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="developers/index.html">Developers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="miscellaneous/index.html">Misc.</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<p><a href="./manual/manual.pdf">PETSc/TAO Users Manual in PDF</a></p>
</section>
<section id="toolkits-libraries-that-use-petsc">
<span id="doc-toolkits-use-petsc"></span><h2>Toolkits/libraries that use PETSc<a class="headerlink" href="#toolkits-libraries-that-use-petsc" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/mdolab/adflow">ADflow</a> An open-source
computational fluid dynamics solver for aerodynamic and
multidisciplinary optimization</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://boutproject.github.io">BOUT++</a> Plasma simulation
in curvilinear coordinate systems</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/chaste/">Chaste</a> Cancer, Heart and
Soft Tissue Environment</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.code-aster.org/V2/spip.php?rubrique2">code_aster</a>
open-source general purpose finite element code for solid and
structural mechanics</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.code-saturne.org">code_saturne</a>
open-source general purpose code for fluid dynamics</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/andrealani/COOLFluiD">COOLFluiD</a> CFD,
plasma and multi-physics simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://dafoam.github.io">DAFoam</a> Discrete adjoint solvers
with <a class="reference external" href="https://openfoam.com">OpenFOAM</a> for aerodynamic
optimization</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://damask-multiphysics.org">DAMASK</a> Unified multi-physics
crystal plasticity simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.dealii.org/">DEAL.II</a> C++ based finite element
simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://dune-project.org/sphinx/content/sphinx/dune-fem/">DUNE-FEM</a> Python and C++ based finite element simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://fenicsproject.org/">FEniCS</a> Python based finite
element simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.firedrakeproject.org/">Firedrake</a> Python based
finite element simulation package</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://fluidityproject.github.io/">Fluidity</a> a finite
element/volume fluids code</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://freefem.org/">FreeFEM</a> finite element and boundary element PDE solver
with embedded domain specific language</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.getdp.info/">GetDP</a> a General Environment for the Treatment of Discrete Problems</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://hippylib.github.io">hIPPYlib</a> <a class="reference external" href="https://fenicsproject.org/">FEniCS</a>-based toolkit
for solving deterministic and Bayesian inverse
problems governed by PDEs</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://libmesh.github.io">libMesh</a> adaptive finite element
library</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://mfem.org/">MFEM</a> lightweight, scalable C++ library
for finite element methods</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/esadr/mlsvm">MLSVM</a>, Multilevel Support
Vector Machines with PETSc.</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="http://mofem.eng.gla.ac.uk/mofem/html">MoFEM</a>, An open
source, parallel finite element library</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://mooseframework.inl.gov/">MOOSE - Multiphysics Object-Oriented Simulation
Environment</a> finite element
framework, built on <a class="reference external" href="https://libmesh.github.io">libMesh</a>.</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="http://www.oofem.org">OOFEM</a> object-oriented finite element
library</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://opencarp.org/">OpenCarp</a> Cardiac electrophysiology simulator</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://develop.openfoam.com/modules/external-solver">OpenFOAM</a>
Available as an extension for linear solvers for OpenFOAM</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://openfpm.mpi-cbg.de/">OpenFPM</a> framework for particles and mesh simulation</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="http://openfvm.sourceforge.net/">OpenFVM</a> finite volume
based CFD solver</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="http://permon.vsb.cz/permonsvm.htm">PermonSVM</a> support
vector machines and
<a class="reference external" href="http://permon.vsb.cz/permonqp.htm">PermonQP</a> quadratic
programming</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/dalcinl/PetIGA">PetIGA</a> A framework
for high performance Isogeometric Analysis</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://pflotran.org/">PFLOTRAN</a> An open source, state-of-the-art
code for massively parallel simulation of subsurface flow, reactive transport, geomechanics, and electrical resistivity tomography</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://math.nist.gov/phaml/">PHAML</a> The Parallel
Hierarchical Adaptive MultiLevel Project</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.precice.org">preCICE</a> - A fully parallel
coupling library for partitioned multi-physics simulations</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.clawpack.org/pyclaw/">PyClaw</a> A massively
parallel, high order accurate, hyperbolic PDE solver</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://slepc.upv.es/">SLEPc</a> Scalable Library for
Eigenvalue Problems</p></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="citing-petsc">
<span id="doc-index-citing-petsc"></span><h2>Citing PETSc<a class="headerlink" href="#citing-petsc" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>You can run PETSc programs with the option <code class="docutils notranslate"><span class="pre">-citations</span></code> to print appropriate citations for the software and algorithms being used in that program.</p>
<p>For general citations on PETSc please use the following:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@Misc{ petsc-web-page,
author = {Satish Balay and Shrirang Abhyankar and Mark~F. Adams and Steven Benson and Jed
Brown and Peter Brune and Kris Buschelman and Emil~M. Constantinescu and Lisandro
Dalcin and Alp Dener and Victor Eijkhout and Jacob Faibussowitsch and William~D.
Gropp and V\'{a}clav Hapla and Tobin Isaac and Pierre Jolivet and Dmitry Karpeev
and Dinesh Kaushik and Matthew~G. Knepley and Fande Kong and Scott Kruger and
Dave~A. May and Lois Curfman McInnes and Richard Tran Mills and Lawrence Mitchell
and Todd Munson and Jose~E. Roman and Karl Rupp and Patrick Sanan and Jason Sarich
and Barry~F. Smith and Stefano Zampini and Hong Zhang and Hong Zhang and Junchao
Zhang},
title = {{PETS}c {W}eb page},
url = {https://petsc.org/},
howpublished = {\url{https://petsc.org/}},
year = {2025}
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@TechReport{ petsc-user-ref,
author = {Satish Balay and Shrirang Abhyankar and Mark~F. Adams and Steven Benson and Jed
Brown and Peter Brune and Kris Buschelman and Emil Constantinescu and Lisandro
Dalcin and Alp Dener and Victor Eijkhout and Jacob Faibussowitsch and William~D.
Gropp and V\'{a}clav Hapla and Tobin Isaac and Pierre Jolivet and Dmitry Karpeev
and Dinesh Kaushik and Matthew~G. Knepley and Fande Kong and Scott Kruger and
Dave~A. May and Lois Curfman McInnes and Richard Tran Mills and Lawrence Mitchell
and Todd Munson and Jose~E. Roman and Karl Rupp and Patrick Sanan and Jason Sarich
and Barry~F. Smith and Hansol Suh and Stefano Zampini and Hong Zhang and Hong Zhang
and Junchao Zhang},
title = {{PETSc/TAO} Users Manual},
institution = {Argonne National Laboratory},
number = {ANL-21/39 - Revision 3.23},
doi = {10.2172/2476320},
year = {2025}
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@InProceedings{ petsc-efficient,
author = {Satish Balay and William~D. Gropp and Lois Curfman McInnes and Barry~F. Smith},
title = {Efficient Management of Parallelism in Object Oriented Numerical Software
Libraries},
booktitle = {Modern Software Tools in Scientific Computing},
editor = {E. Arge and A.~M. Bruaset and H.~P. Langtangen},
publisher = {Birkh{\"{a}}user Press},
pages = {163--202},
year = {1997}
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For petsc4py usage please cite</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@Article{ dalcinpazklercosimo2011,
title = {Parallel distributed computing using Python},
author = {Lisandro D. Dalcin and Rodrigo R. Paz and Pablo A. Kler and Alejandro Cosimo},
journal = {Advances in Water Resources},
volume = {34},
number = {9},
pages = {1124 - 1139},
note = {New Computational Methods and Software Tools},
issn = {0309-1708},
doi = {10.1016/j.advwatres.2011.04.013},
year = {2011}
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For PETSc usage on GPUs please cite</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@Article{ mills2021,
title = {Toward performance-portable {PETS}c for {GPU}-based exascale systems},
journal = {Parallel Computing},
volume = {108},
pages = {102831},
year = {2021},
issn = {0167-8191},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parco.2021.102831},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016781912100079X},
author = {Richard Tran Mills and Mark F. Adams and Satish Balay and Jed Brown and Alp Dener
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For <code class="docutils notranslate"><span class="pre"><a href="./manualpages/PetscSF/PetscSF.html">PetscSF</a></span></code> – parallel communication in PETSc – please cite</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@Article{ petscsf2022,
author = {Zhang, Junchao and Brown, Jed and Balay, Satish and Faibussowitsch, Jacob and
Knepley, Matthew and Marin, Oana and Mills, Richard Tran and Munson, Todd and
Smith, Barry F. and Zampini, Stefano},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems},
title = {The {<a href="./manualpages/PetscSF/PetscSF.html">PetscSF</a>} Scalable Communication Layer},
year = {2022},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {842-853},
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you use the <code class="docutils notranslate"><span class="pre"><a href="./manualpages/TS/TS.html">TS</a></span></code> component of PETSc please cite the following:</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@TechReport{ abhyankaretal2018,
author = {Shrirang Abhyankar and Jed Brown and Emil M. Constantinescu and Debojyoti Ghosh
and Barry F. Smith and Hong Zhang},
title = {{PETSc/<a href="./manualpages/TS/TS.html">TS</a>}: {A} Modern Scalable {ODE/DAE} Solver Library},
journal = {arXiv e-preprints},
eprint = {1806.01437},
archiveprefix = {arXiv},
year = {2018},
}
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you utilize the <code class="docutils notranslate"><span class="pre"><a href="./manualpages/TS/TS.html">TS</a></span></code> adjoint solver please cite</p>
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>@Article{ zhang2022tsadjoint,
author = {Zhang, Hong and Constantinescu, Emil M. and Smith, Barry F.},
title = {{PETSc TSAdjoint: A Discrete Adjoint ODE Solver for First-Order and Second-Order
Sensitivity Analysis}},
journal = {SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing},
volume = {44},
number = {1},
pages = {C1-C24},
year = {2022},
}
</pre></div>
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