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<html>
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<title>9.11.Network Address Functions and Operators</title>
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<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="sect1" lang="en">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="functions-net"></a>9.11.Network Address Functions and Operators</h2></div></div></div>
<p>   <a href="functions-net.html#cidr-inet-operators-table" title="Table9.31.cidr and inet Operators">Table9.31, &#8220;<code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code> Operators&#8221;</a> shows the operators
   available for the <code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code> types.
   The operators <code class="literal">&lt;&lt;</code>,
   <code class="literal">&lt;&lt;=</code>, <code class="literal">&gt;&gt;</code>, and
   <code class="literal">&gt;&gt;=</code> test for subnet inclusion.  They
   consider only the network parts of the two addresses, ignoring any
   host part, and determine whether one network part is identical to
   or a subnet of the other.
  </p>
<div class="table">
<a name="cidr-inet-operators-table"></a><p class="title"><b>Table9.31.<code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code> Operators</b></p>
<div class="table-contents"><table summary="cidr and inet Operators" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
<col>
<col>
</colgroup>
<thead><tr>
<th>Operator</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Example</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&lt;</code> </td>
<td>is less than</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &lt; inet '192.168.1.6'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&lt;=</code> </td>
<td>is less than or equal</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;= inet '192.168.1.5'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">=</code> </td>
<td>equals</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' = inet '192.168.1.5'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&gt;=</code> </td>
<td>is greater or equal</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &gt;= inet '192.168.1.5'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&gt;</code> </td>
<td>is greater than</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &gt; inet '192.168.1.4'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&lt;&gt;</code> </td>
<td>is not equal</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;&gt; inet '192.168.1.4'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&lt;&lt;</code> </td>
<td>is contained within</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;&lt; inet '192.168.1/24'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&lt;&lt;=</code> </td>
<td>is contained within or equals</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1/24' &lt;&lt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&gt;&gt;</code> </td>
<td>contains</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt; inet '192.168.1.5'</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <code class="literal">&gt;&gt;=</code> </td>
<td>contains or equals</td>
<td><code class="literal">inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
</div>
<br class="table-break"><p>   <a href="functions-net.html#cidr-inet-functions-table" title="Table9.32.cidr and inet Functions">Table9.32, &#8220;<code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code> Functions&#8221;</a> shows the functions
   available for use with the <code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code>
   types.  The <code class="function">host</code>,
   <code class="function">text</code>, and <code class="function">abbrev</code>
   functions are primarily intended to offer alternative display
   formats. You can cast a text value to <code class="type">inet</code> using normal casting
   syntax: <code class="literal">inet(<em class="replaceable"><code>expression</code></em>)</code> or
   <code class="literal"><em class="replaceable"><code>colname</code></em>::inet</code>.
  </p>
<div class="table">
<a name="cidr-inet-functions-table"></a><p class="title"><b>Table9.32.<code class="type">cidr</code> and <code class="type">inet</code> Functions</b></p>
<div class="table-contents"><table summary="cidr and inet Functions" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
</colgroup>
<thead><tr>
<th>Function</th>
<th>Return Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Example</th>
<th>Result</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">broadcast</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">inet</code></td>
<td>broadcast address for network</td>
<td><code class="literal">broadcast('192.168.1.5/24')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">192.168.1.255/24</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">host</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">text</code></td>
<td>extract IP address as text</td>
<td><code class="literal">host('192.168.1.5/24')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">192.168.1.5</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">masklen</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">int</code></td>
<td>extract netmask length</td>
<td><code class="literal">masklen('192.168.1.5/24')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">24</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">set_masklen</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>, <code class="type">int</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">inet</code></td>
<td>set netmask length for <code class="type">inet</code> value</td>
<td><code class="literal">set_masklen('192.168.1.5/24', 16)</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">192.168.1.5/16</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">netmask</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">inet</code></td>
<td>construct netmask for network</td>
<td><code class="literal">netmask('192.168.1.5/24')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">255.255.255.0</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">hostmask</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">inet</code></td>
<td>construct host mask for network</td>
<td><code class="literal">hostmask('192.168.23.20/30')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">0.0.0.3</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">network</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">cidr</code></td>
<td>extract network part of address</td>
<td><code class="literal">network('192.168.1.5/24')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">192.168.1.0/24</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">text</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">text</code></td>
<td>extract IP address and netmask length as text</td>
<td><code class="literal">text(inet '192.168.1.5')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">192.168.1.5/32</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">abbrev</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">text</code></td>
<td>abbreviated display format as text</td>
<td><code class="literal">abbrev(cidr '10.1.0.0/16')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">10.1/16</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">family</code>(<code class="type">inet</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">int</code></td>
<td>extract family of address; <code class="literal">4</code> for IPv4,
    <code class="literal">6</code> for IPv6</td>
<td><code class="literal">family('::1')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">6</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table></div>
</div>
<br class="table-break"><p>   <a href="functions-net.html#macaddr-functions-table" title="Table9.33.macaddr Functions">Table9.33, &#8220;<code class="type">macaddr</code> Functions&#8221;</a> shows the functions
   available for use with the <code class="type">macaddr</code> type.  The function
   <code class="literal"><code class="function">trunc</code>(<code class="type">macaddr</code>)</code> returns a MAC
   address with the last 3 bytes set to zero.  This can be used to
   associate the remaining prefix with a manufacturer.  The directory
   <code class="filename">contrib/mac</code> in the source distribution
   contains some utilities to create and maintain such an association
   table.
  </p>
<div class="table">
<a name="macaddr-functions-table"></a><p class="title"><b>Table9.33.<code class="type">macaddr</code> Functions</b></p>
<div class="table-contents"><table summary="macaddr Functions" border="1">
<colgroup>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
<col>
</colgroup>
<thead><tr>
<th>Function</th>
<th>Return Type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Example</th>
<th>Result</th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td><code class="literal"><code class="function">trunc</code>(<code class="type">macaddr</code>)</code></td>
<td><code class="type">macaddr</code></td>
<td>set last 3 bytes to zero</td>
<td><code class="literal">trunc(macaddr '12:34:56:78:90:ab')</code></td>
<td><code class="literal">12:34:56:00:00:00</code></td>
</tr></tbody>
</table></div>
</div>
<br class="table-break"><p>    The <code class="type">macaddr</code> type also supports the standard relational
    operators (<code class="literal">&gt;</code>, <code class="literal">&lt;=</code>, etc.) for
    lexicographical ordering.
   </p>
</div></body>
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