/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * ogr_fdw_deparse.c
 *		  foreign-data wrapper for GIS data access.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014-2015, Paul Ramsey <pramsey@cleverelephant.ca>
 *
 * Convert parse tree to a QueryExpression as described at
 * http://gdal.org/ogr_sql.html
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */


/*
 * Local structures
 */
#include "ogr_fdw.h"


typedef struct OgrDeparseCtx
{
	PlannerInfo* root;        /* global planner state */
	RelOptInfo* foreignrel;   /* the foreign relation we are planning for */
	StringInfo buf;           /* output buffer to append to */
	List** params_list;       /* exprs that will become remote Params */
	OgrFdwSpatialFilter* spatial_filter;   /* spatial filter bounds and fieldnumber */
	OgrFdwState* state;       /* to convert local column names to OGR names */
} OgrDeparseCtx;

/* Local function signatures */
static bool ogrDeparseExpr(Expr* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context);
// static void ogrDeparseOpExpr(OpExpr* node, OgrDeparseCtx *context);

static void
setStringInfoLength(StringInfo str, int len)
{
	str->len = len;
	str->data[len] = '\0';
}

static void
stringInfoReverse(StringInfo str, unsigned int len)
{
	if (str->len > len)
		str->len -= len;
}

static char*
ogrStringFromDatum(Datum datum, Oid type)
{
	StringInfoData result;
	regproc typoutput;
	HeapTuple tuple;
	char* str, *p;

	/* Special handling for boolean */
	if (type == BOOLOID)
	{
		if (datum)
		{
			return "1=1";
		}
		else
		{
			return "1=0";
		}
	}

	/* get the type's output function */
	tuple = SearchSysCache1(TYPEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(type));
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
	{
		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for type %u", type);
	}
	typoutput = ((Form_pg_type)GETSTRUCT(tuple))->typoutput;
	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);

	initStringInfo(&result);

	/* Special handling to convert a geometry to a bbox needed here */
	if (type == ogrGetGeometryOid())
	{
		elog(ERROR, "got a GEOMETRY!");
		return NULL;
	}

	/* render the constant in OGR SQL */
	switch (type)
	{
	case TEXTOID:
	case DATEOID:
	case TIMESTAMPOID:
	case TIMESTAMPTZOID:
	case CHAROID:
	case BPCHAROID:
	case VARCHAROID:
	case NAMEOID:
		str = DatumGetCString(OidFunctionCall1(typoutput, datum));

		/* Don't return a zero length string, return an empty string */
		if (str[0] == '\0')
		{
			return "''";
		}

		/* wrap string with ' */
		appendStringInfoChar(&result, '\'');
		for (p = str; *p; ++p)
		{
			/* Escape single quotes as doubled '' */
			if (*p == '\'')
			{
				appendStringInfoChar(&result, '\'');
			}
			appendStringInfoChar(&result, *p);
		}
		appendStringInfoChar(&result, '\'');
		break;
	case INT8OID:
	case INT2OID:
	case INT4OID:
	case OIDOID:
	case FLOAT4OID:
	case FLOAT8OID:
	case NUMERICOID:
		appendStringInfoString(&result, DatumGetCString(OidFunctionCall1(typoutput, datum)));
		break;
	default:
		elog(DEBUG1, "could not convert type (%d) to OGR query form", type);
		return NULL;
	}

	return result.data;
}

static bool
ogrDeparseConst(Const* constant, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	/* TODO: Can OGR do anythign w/ NULL? */
	if (constant->constisnull)
	{
		appendStringInfoString(context->buf, "NULL");
	}
	/* Use geometry as a spatial filter? */
	else if (constant->consttype == ogrGetGeometryOid())
	{
		/*
		 * For geometry we need to convert the gserialized constant into
		 * an OGRGeometry for the OGR spatial filter.
		 * For that, we can use the type's "send" function
		 * which takes in gserialized and spits out EWKB.
		 */
		Oid sendfunction;
		bool typeIsVarlena;
		Datum wkbdatum;
		char* gser;
		char* wkb;
		char* wkt;
		int wkb_size;
		OGRGeometryH ogrgeom;

		/*
		 * Given a type oid (geometry in this case),
		 * look up the "send" function that takes in
		 * serialized input and outputs the binary (WKB) form.
		 */
		getTypeBinaryOutputInfo(constant->consttype, &sendfunction, &typeIsVarlena);
		wkbdatum = OidFunctionCall1(sendfunction, constant->constvalue);

		/*
		 * Convert the WKB into an OGR geometry
		 */
		gser = DatumGetPointer(wkbdatum);
		wkb = VARDATA(gser);
		wkb_size = VARSIZE(gser) - VARHDRSZ;
		OGR_G_CreateFromWkb((unsigned char*)wkb, NULL, &ogrgeom, wkb_size);
		OGR_G_ExportToWkt(ogrgeom, &wkt);
		elog(DEBUG1, "ogrDeparseConst got a geometry: %s", wkt);
		free(wkt);
		OGR_G_DestroyGeometry(ogrgeom);

		/*
		 * geometry doesn't play a role in the deparsed SQL
		 */
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		/* get a string representation of the value */
		char* c = ogrStringFromDatum(constant->constvalue, constant->consttype);
		if (c == NULL)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			appendStringInfoString(context->buf, c);
		}
	}
	return true;
}


static bool
ogrDeparseParam(Param* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	elog(DEBUG3, "got into ogrDeparseParam code");
	return false;
}

static bool
ogrIsLegalVarName(const char* varname)
{
	size_t len = strlen(varname);
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
	{
		char c = varname[i];

		/* First char must be a-zA-Z */
		if (i == 0 && !((c >= 97 && c <= 122) || (c >= 65 && c <= 90)))
		{
			return false;
		}

		/* All other chars must be 0-9a-zA-Z_ */
		if (!((c >= 97 && c <= 122) || (c >= 65 && c <= 90) || (c >= 48 && c <= 59) || (c == 96)))
		{
			return false;
		}

	}
	return true;
}

static bool
ogrDeparseVarOgrColumn(const Var* node, const OgrDeparseCtx* context, OgrFdwColumn *col)
{
	/* Var belongs to foreign table */
	int i;
	OgrFdwTable* table = context->state->table;

	for (i = 0; i < table->ncols; i++)
	{
		if (table->cols[i].pgattnum == node->varattno)
		{
			*col = table->cols[i];
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

static const char *
ogrDeparseVarName(const Var* node, const OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	/* Var belongs to foreign table */
	OGRLayerH lyr = context->state->ogr.lyr;
	OgrFdwColumn col;

	if (ogrDeparseVarOgrColumn(node, context, &col))
	{
		const char* fldname = NULL;
		if (col.ogrvariant == OGR_FID)
		{
			fldname = OGR_L_GetFIDColumn(lyr);
			if (! fldname || strlen(fldname) == 0)
			{
				fldname = "fid";
			}
		}
		else if (col.ogrvariant == OGR_FIELD)
		{
			OGRFeatureDefnH fd = OGR_L_GetLayerDefn(lyr);
			OGRFieldDefnH fld = OGR_FD_GetFieldDefn(fd, col.ogrfldnum);
			fldname = OGR_Fld_GetNameRef(fld);
		}

		if (fldname)
			return fldname;
	}
	return NULL;
}

static bool
ogrDeparseVar(const Var* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	StringInfoData* buf = context->buf;

	/* varno must not be any of OUTER_VAR, INNER_VAR and INDEX_VAR. */
	Assert(!IS_SPECIAL_VARNO(node->varno));

	if (node->varno == context->foreignrel->relid && node->varlevelsup == 0)
	{
		const char* fldname = ogrDeparseVarName(node, context);

		if (fldname)
		{
			if (ogrIsLegalVarName(fldname))
			{
				appendStringInfoString(buf, fldname);
			}
			else
			{
				appendStringInfo(buf, "\"%s\"", fldname);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		elog(ERROR, "got to param handling section of ogrDeparseVar");
		return false;
	}

	return true;
}

static int
ogrOperatorCmpFunc(const void* a, const void* b)
{
	return strcasecmp(*(const char**)a, *(const char**)b);
}

static bool
ogrOperatorIsSupported(const char* opname)
{
	/* IMPORTANT */
	/* This array MUST be in sorted order or the bsearch will fail */
	static const char* ogrOperators[10] = { "!=", "&&", "<", "<=", "<>", "=", ">", ">=", "~~", "~~*" };

	elog(DEBUG3, "ogrOperatorIsSupported got operator '%s'", opname);

	return NULL != bsearch(&opname, ogrOperators, 10, sizeof(char*), ogrOperatorCmpFunc);
}

static bool ogrDeparseOpExprSpatial(OpExpr* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	Expr* r_arg = lfirst(list_head(node->args));
	Expr* l_arg = lfirst(list_tail(node->args));
	Expr* exprconst = NULL;
	Const* constant = NULL;
	Var* var = NULL;
	OgrFdwColumn col;
	OGRLayerH lyr;
	OGRFeatureDefnH fdh;
	OGRGeomFieldDefnH gfdh;
	OGRGeometryH geom;
	OGREnvelope env;
	OGRErr err;
	const char* fldname;

	elog(DEBUG4, "%s:%d entered ogrDeparseOpExprSpatial", __FILE__, __LINE__);

	/* We need a Geometry T_Const on one side and a T_Var */
	/* column on the other side that is from the FDW relation */
	/* Both of those implies and OGR spatial filter can be reasonably */
	/* set. */
	if (nodeTag(l_arg) == T_Var)
	{
		var = (Var*)l_arg;
		exprconst = r_arg;
	}
	else if (nodeTag(r_arg) == T_Var)
	{
		var = (Var*)r_arg;
		exprconst = l_arg;
	}
	else return false;

	if (nodeTag(exprconst) == T_Const)
	{
		constant = (Const*)exprconst;
	}
	else return false;

	/* Const isn't a geometry type? Done. */
	if (constant->consttype != ogrGetGeometryOid() || constant->constisnull || constant->constbyval)
		return false;

	/* Var doesn't match an OGR field? Done. */
	if (!ogrDeparseVarOgrColumn(var, context, &col))
		return false;

	/* Matched field isn't an OGR geometry? Done. */
	if (col.ogrvariant != OGR_GEOMETRY)
		return false;

	lyr = context->state->ogr.lyr;
	fdh = OGR_L_GetLayerDefn(lyr);
	gfdh = OGR_FD_GetGeomFieldDefn(fdh, col.ogrfldnum);
	fldname = OGR_GFld_GetNameRef(gfdh);
	elog(DEBUG4, "%s:%d geometry fieldname '%s'", __FILE__, __LINE__, fldname);

	err = pgDatumToOgrGeometry (constant->constvalue, col.pgsendfunc, &geom);
	if (err != OGRERR_NONE)
		return false;

	elog(DEBUG4, "%s:%d geometry constant is %s", __FILE__, __LINE__, OGR_G_ExportToJson(geom));

	OGR_G_GetEnvelope(geom, &env);
	OGR_G_DestroyGeometry(geom);
	context->spatial_filter = palloc(sizeof(OgrFdwSpatialFilter));
	context->spatial_filter->minx = env.MinX;
	context->spatial_filter->maxx = env.MaxX;
	context->spatial_filter->miny = env.MinY;
	context->spatial_filter->maxy = env.MaxY;
	context->spatial_filter->ogrfldnum = col.ogrfldnum;

	elog(DEBUG4, "%s:%d OGR spatial filter is (%f %f, %f %f)",
	             __FILE__, __LINE__,
	             env.MinX, env.MinY, env.MaxX, env.MaxY);

	return false;
}

static bool
ogrDeparseOpExpr(OpExpr* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	StringInfo buf = context->buf;
	HeapTuple tuple;
	Form_pg_operator form;
	char oprkind;
	char* opname;
	ListCell* arg;
	bool result = true;

	/* Retrieve information about the operator from system catalog. */
	tuple = SearchSysCache1(OPEROID, ObjectIdGetDatum(node->opno));
	if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
	{
		elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator %u", node->opno);
	}
	form = (Form_pg_operator) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
	oprkind = form->oprkind;
	opname = NameStr(form->oprname);

	/* Don't deparse expressions we cannot support */
	if (! ogrOperatorIsSupported(opname))
	{
		ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
		return false;
	}

	/* Overlaps operator is special case: if one side is a */
	/* constant (T_Const), and the other is a table column (T_Var), */
	/* then we can pass it as a spatial filter to OGR */
	if (strcmp("&&", opname) == 0)
	{
		ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
		return ogrDeparseOpExprSpatial(node, context);
	}

	/* Sanity check. */
	Assert((oprkind == 'r' && list_length(node->args) == 1) ||
	       (oprkind == 'l' && list_length(node->args) == 1) ||
	       (oprkind == 'b' && list_length(node->args) == 2));

	/* Always parenthesize the operator expression. */
	appendStringInfoChar(buf, '(');

	/* Deparse left operand. */
	if (oprkind == 'r' || oprkind == 'b')
	{
		arg = list_head(node->args);
		/* recurse for nested operations */
		result &= ogrDeparseExpr(lfirst(arg), context);
		appendStringInfoChar(buf, ' ');
	}

	/* Special case, the 'LIKE' operator is converted to ~~ */
	/* by PgSQL, so we have to convert it back here */
	/* All OGR string comparisons are case insensitive, so we just */
	/* use 'ILIKE' all the time. */
	if (streq(opname, "~~") || streq(opname, "~~*"))
	{
		opname = "ILIKE";
	}

	/* Operator symbol */
	appendStringInfoString(buf, opname);

	/* Deparse right operand. */
	if (oprkind == 'l' || oprkind == 'b')
	{
		arg = list_tail(node->args);
		appendStringInfoChar(buf, ' ');
		/* recurse for nested operations */
		result &= ogrDeparseExpr(lfirst(arg), context);
	}

	appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');

	ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
	return result;

}

static bool
ogrDeparseBoolExpr(BoolExpr* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	const char* op = NULL;		/* keep compiler quiet */
	ListCell* lc;
	bool first = true;
	bool result = true;
	int len_save_all, len_save_part;
	int boolop = node->boolop;
	int result_total = 0;
	StringInfo buf = context->buf;

	switch (boolop)
	{
	case AND_EXPR:
		op = "AND";
		break;
	case OR_EXPR:
		op = "OR";
		break;

	/* OGR SQL cannot handle "NOT" */
	case NOT_EXPR:
		return false;
	}

	len_save_all = buf->len;

	appendStringInfoChar(buf, '(');
	foreach (lc, node->args)
	{

		len_save_part = buf->len;

		/* Connect expressions and parenthesize each condition */
		if (! first)
		{
			appendStringInfo(buf, " %s ", op);
		}

		/* Unparse the expression, if possible */
		result = ogrDeparseExpr((Expr*) lfirst(lc), context);
		result_total += result;

		/* We can backtrack just this term for AND expressions */
		if (boolop == AND_EXPR && ! result)
		{
			setStringInfoLength(buf, len_save_part);
		}

		/* We have to drop the whole thing if we can't get every part of an OR expression */
		if (boolop == OR_EXPR && ! result)
		{
			break;
		}

		/* Don't flip the "first" bit until we get a good expression */
		if (first && result)
		{
			first = false;
		}
	}
	appendStringInfoChar(buf, ')');

	/* We have to drop the whole thing if we can't get every part of an OR expression */
	if (boolop == OR_EXPR && ! result)
	{
		setStringInfoLength(buf, len_save_all);
	}

	return result_total > 0;
}


static bool
ogrDeparseRelabelType(RelabelType* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	if (node->relabelformat != COERCE_IMPLICIT_CAST)
	{
		elog(WARNING, "Received a non-implicit relabel expression but did not handle it");
	}

	return ogrDeparseExpr(node->arg, context);
}

static bool
ogrDeparseNullTest(NullTest* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	StringInfo buf = context->buf;
	/* Only push down simple "col IS NULL" tests */
	if (nodeTag(node->arg) != T_Var)
		return false;

	appendStringInfoString(buf, "(");
	if(!ogrDeparseVar((Var*)(node->arg), context))
	{
		stringInfoReverse(buf, 1);
		return false;
	}

	if (node->nulltesttype == IS_NULL)
	{
		appendStringInfoString(buf, " IS NULL)");
	}
	else
	{
		appendStringInfoString(buf, " IS NOT NULL)");
	}

	return true;
}

static bool
ogrDeparseExpr(Expr* node, OgrDeparseCtx* context)
{
	if (node == NULL)
	{
		return false;
	}

	switch (nodeTag(node))
	{
	case T_OpExpr:
		return ogrDeparseOpExpr((OpExpr*) node, context);
	case T_Const:
		return ogrDeparseConst((Const*) node, context);
	case T_Var:
		return ogrDeparseVar((Var*) node, context);
	case T_Param:
		return ogrDeparseParam((Param*) node, context);
	case T_BoolExpr:
		/* Handle "OR" and "NOT" queries */
		return ogrDeparseBoolExpr((BoolExpr*) node, context);
	case T_NullTest:
		/* Handle "IS NULL" queries */
		return ogrDeparseNullTest((NullTest*) node, context);
	case T_RelabelType:
		return ogrDeparseRelabelType((RelabelType*) node, context);
	case T_ScalarArrayOpExpr:
		/* TODO: Handle this to support the "IN" operator */
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_ScalarArrayOpExpr");
		return false;
#if PG_VERSION_NUM < 120000
	case T_ArrayRef:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_ArrayRef");
		return false;
#else
	case T_SubscriptingRef:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_SubscriptingRef");
		return false;
#endif
	case T_ArrayExpr:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_ArrayExpr");
		return false;
	case T_FuncExpr:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_FuncExpr");
		return false;
	case T_DistinctExpr:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type, T_DistinctExpr");
		return false;
	default:
		elog(DEBUG2, "unsupported OGR FDW expression type for deparse: %d", (int) nodeTag(node));
		return false;
	}

}


bool
ogrDeparse(StringInfo buf, PlannerInfo* root, RelOptInfo* foreignrel, List* exprs, OgrFdwState* state, List** params_list, OgrFdwSpatialFilter** sf)
{
	OgrDeparseCtx context;
	ListCell* lc;
	bool first = true;

	/* initialize result list to empty */
	if (params_list)
	{
		*params_list = NIL;
	}

	/* Set up context struct for recursion */
	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(OgrDeparseCtx));
	context.buf = buf;
	context.root = root;
	context.foreignrel = foreignrel;
	context.params_list = params_list;
	context.state = state;
	context.spatial_filter = NULL;

	foreach (lc, exprs)
	{
		RestrictInfo* ri = (RestrictInfo*) lfirst(lc);
		int len_save = buf->len;
		bool result;

		/* Connect expressions with "AND" and parenthesize each condition */
		if (! first)
		{
			appendStringInfoString(buf, " AND ");
		}

		/* Unparse the expression, if possible */
		result = ogrDeparseExpr(ri->clause, &context);

		if (! result)
		{
			/* Couldn't unparse some portion of the expression, so rewind the stringinfo */
			setStringInfoLength(buf, len_save);
		}

		/* Don't flip the "first" bit until we get a good expression */
		if (first && result)
		{
			first = false;
		}
	}

	if (context.spatial_filter)
		*sf = context.spatial_filter;

	return true;
}