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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!-- $Revision: 1.17 $ -->
<!-- splitted from ./en/functions/array.xml, last change in rev 1.2 -->
<refentry id="function.each">
<refnamediv>
<refname>each</refname>
<refpurpose>
Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance
the array cursor
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<methodsynopsis>
<type>array</type><methodname>each</methodname>
<methodparam><type>array</type><parameter role="reference">array</parameter></methodparam>
</methodsynopsis>
<para>
Returns the current key and value pair from the array
<parameter>array</parameter> and advances the array cursor. This
pair is returned in a four-element array, with the keys
<literal>0</literal>, <literal>1</literal>,
<literal>key</literal>, and
<literal>value</literal>. Elements <literal>0</literal> and
<literal>key</literal> contain the key name of the array
element, and <literal>1</literal> and
<literal>value</literal> contain the data.
</para>
<para>
If the internal pointer for the array points past the end of the
array contents, <function>each</function> returns
&false;.
</para>
<para>
<example>
<title><function>each</function> examples</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$foo = array("bob", "fred", "jussi", "jouni", "egon", "marliese");
$bar = each($foo);
print_r($bar);
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
<para>
<varname>$bar</varname> now contains the following key/value
pairs:
</para>
<screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
[1] => bob
[value] => bob
[0] => 0
[key] => 0
)
]]>
</screen>
</example>
</para>
<para>
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$foo = array("Robert" => "Bob", "Seppo" => "Sepi");
$bar = each($foo);
print_r($bar);
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
<para>
<varname>$bar</varname> now contains the following key/value
pairs:
</para>
<screen>
<![CDATA[
Array
(
[1] => Bob
[value] => Bob
[0] => Robert
[key] => Robert
)
]]>
</screen>
</informalexample>
</para>
<para>
<function>each</function> is typically used in conjunction with
<function>list</function> to traverse an array, here's an
example:
<example>
<title>Traversing an array with <function>each</function></title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
$fruit = array('a' => 'apple', 'b' => 'banana', 'c' => 'cranberry');
reset($fruit);
while (list($key, $val) = each($fruit)) {
echo "$key => $val\n";
}
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
&example.outputs;
<screen>
<![CDATA[
a => apple
b => banana
c => cranberry
]]>
</screen>
</example>
</para>
<para>
After <function>each</function> has executed, the array cursor
will be left on the next element of the array, or past the last
element if it hits the end of the array. You have to use
<function>reset</function> if you want to traverse the array
again using each.
</para>
<caution>
<para>
Because assigning an array to another variable resets the original
arrays pointer, our example above would cause an endless loop had we
assigned <varname>$fruit</varname> to another variable inside the
loop.
</para>
</caution>
<para>
See also <function>key</function>, <function>list</function>,
<function>current</function>, <function>reset</function>,
<function>next</function>, <function>prev</function>, and
<link linkend="control-structures.foreach">foreach</link>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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