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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- $Revision: 297028 $ -->
<chapter xml:id="mbstring.http" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<title>HTTP Input and Output</title>
<para>
HTTP input/output character encoding conversion may convert
binary data also. Users are supposed to control character
encoding conversion if binary data is used for HTTP
input/output.
</para>
<note>
<para>
In PHP 4.3.2 or earlier versions, there was a limitation in this
functionality that <literal>mbstring</literal> does not perform
character encoding conversion in POST data if the
<literal>enctype</literal> attribute in the <literal>form</literal>
element is set to <literal>multipart/form-data</literal>.
So you have to convert the incoming data by yourself in this case
if necessary.
</para>
<para>
Beginning with PHP 4.3.3, if <literal>enctype</literal> for HTML form is
set to <literal>multipart/form-data</literal> and
<literal>mbstring.encoding_translation</literal> is set to On
in &php.ini; the POST'ed variables and the names of uploaded files
will be converted to the internal character encoding as well.
However, the conversion isn't applied to the query keys.
</para>
</note>
<para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara>
HTTP Input
</simpara>
<para>
There is no way to control HTTP input character
conversion from a PHP script. To disable HTTP input character
conversion, it has to be done in &php.ini;.
<example>
<title>
Disable HTTP input conversion in &php.ini;
</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
;; Disable HTTP Input conversion
mbstring.http_input = pass
;; Disable HTTP Input conversion (PHP 4.3.0 or higher)
mbstring.encoding_translation = Off
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
<para>
When using PHP as an Apache module, it is possible to
override those settings in each Virtual Host directive in
&httpd.conf; or per directory with &htaccess;. Refer to the <link
linkend="configuration">Configuration</link> section and
Apache Manual for details.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara>
HTTP Output
</simpara>
<para>
There are several ways to enable output character encoding
conversion. One is using &php.ini;, another
is using <function>ob_start</function> with
<function>mb_output_handler</function> as the
<literal>ob_start</literal> callback function.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
<example>
<title>&php.ini; setting example</title>
<programlisting>
<![CDATA[
;; Enable output character encoding conversion for all PHP pages
;; Enable Output Buffering
output_buffering = On
;; Set mb_output_handler to enable output conversion
output_handler = mb_output_handler
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
<para>
<example>
<title>Script example</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
<?php
// Enable output character encoding conversion only for this page
// Set HTTP output character encoding to SJIS
mb_http_output('SJIS');
// Start buffering and specify "mb_output_handler" as
// callback function
ob_start('mb_output_handler');
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
</example>
</para>
</chapter>
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