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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- $Revision: 297557 $ -->
<appendix xml:id="transports" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<title>List of Supported Socket Transports</title>
<para>
The following is a list of the various URL style socket transports
that PHP has built-in for use with the streams based socket
functions such as <function>fsockopen</function>, and
<function>stream_socket_client</function>. These transports do
<emphasis>not</emphasis> apply to the
<link linkend="ref.sockets">Sockets Extension</link>.
</para>
<para>
For a list of transports installed in your version of
PHP use <function>stream_get_transports</function>.
</para>
<!-- FIXME PHP_6 Mentioned PHP 6, but let's explore not hard coding PHP versions like this -->
<section xml:id="transports.inet">
<title>Internet Domain: TCP, UDP, SSL, and TLS</title>
<simpara>
PHP 4, PHP 5.
<literal>ssl://</literal> & <literal>tls://</literal> since PHP 4.3.0
<literal>sslv2://</literal> & <literal>sslv3://</literal> since PHP 5.0.2
</simpara>
<note>
<simpara>
If no transport is specified, <literal>tcp://</literal> will be assumed.
</simpara>
</note>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><simpara><literal>127.0.0.1</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>fe80::1</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://127.0.0.1</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://fe80::1</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>udp://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>ssl://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>sslv2://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>sslv3://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tls://www.example.com</literal></simpara></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<simpara>
Internet Domain sockets expect a port number in addition
to a target address. In the case of <function>fsockopen</function>
this is specified in a second parameter and therefore does
not impact the formatting of transport URL. With
<function>stream_socket_client</function> and related functions
as with traditional URLs however, the port number is specified
as a suffix of the transport URL delimited by a colon.
</simpara>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://127.0.0.1:80</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://[fe80::1]:80</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>tcp://www.example.com:80</literal></simpara></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<note>
<title>IPv6 numeric addresses with port numbers</title>
<simpara>
In the second example above, while the IPv4 and hostname
examples are left untouched apart from the addition of
their colon and portnumber, the IPv6 address is wrapped in
square brackets: <literal>[fe80::1]</literal>. This is to
distinguish between the colons used in an IPv6 address and
the colon used to delimit the portnumber.
</simpara>
</note>
<simpara>
The <literal>ssl://</literal> and <literal>tls://</literal> transports
(available only when openssl support is compiled into PHP) are extensions
of the <literal>tcp://</literal> transport which include SSL encryption.
Since PHP 4.3.0 OpenSSL support must be statically
compiled into PHP, since PHP 5.0.0
it may be compiled as a module or statically.
</simpara>
<simpara>
<literal>ssl://</literal> will attempt to negotiate an SSL V2,
or SSL V3 connection depending on the capabilities and preferences
of the remote host. <literal>sslv2://</literal> and
<literal>sslv3://</literal> will select the SSL V2 or SSL V3
protocol explicitly.
</simpara>
</section>
<section xml:id="transports.unix">
<title>Unix Domain: Unix and UDG</title>
<simpara>
<literal>unix://</literal> and
<literal>udg://</literal> (udg:// since PHP 5).
</simpara>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><simpara><literal>unix:///tmp/mysock</literal></simpara></listitem>
<listitem><simpara><literal>udg:///tmp/mysock</literal></simpara></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<simpara>
<literal>unix://</literal> provides access to a socket stream
connection in the Unix domain. <literal>udg://</literal> provides
an alternate transport to a Unix domain socket using the user datagram
protocol.
</simpara>
<simpara>
Unix domain sockets, unlike Internet domain sockets, do not expect
a port number. In the case of <function>fsockopen</function> the
<parameter>portno</parameter> parameter should be set to 0.
</simpara>
</section>
</appendix>
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